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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2747-8106-96-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4E0188A4D3D7563C980CB7C5B9424F3C" ID-ZooBank="5B10FFF604074E09B986F931635E9BCC" ModsDocID="2747-8106-96-103" checkinTime="1654860115112" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schwarzhans, Werner, Ohe, Fumio, Tsuchiya, Yuki &amp; Ujihara, Atsushi" docDate="2022" docId="983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48" docLanguage="en" docName="Zitteliana 96: 103-134" docOrigin="Zitteliana 96" docPubDate="2022-06-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571" docTitle="Notoscopelus kuboensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="4E0188A4D3D7563C980CB7C5B9424F3C" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="4E0188A4D3D7563C980CB7C5B9424F3C" masterDocTitle="Lanternfish otoliths (Myctophidae, Teleostei) from the Miocene of Japan" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1654860115112" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Lanternfish otoliths (Myctophidae, Teleostei) from the Miocene of Japan</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schwarzhans, Werner</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Kobenhavn, Denmark &amp; Ahrensburger Weg 103, 22359 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wwschwarz@aol.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ohe, Fumio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Nara 630 - 8577, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tsuchiya, Yuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ujihara, Atsushi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zitteliana</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>96</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>103</mods:start>
<mods:end>134</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2747-8106-96-103</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5B10FFF604074E09B986F931635E9BCC</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4E0188A4D3D7563C980CB7C5B9424F3C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName LSID="98351283-7EA4-5DB5-97A1-41F2D052EF48" authority="(Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">Notoscopelus kuboensis (Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A-N: Notoscopelus kuboensis (Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973); A: SMF PO 101.147, Inabacho, Tsu City, Katada FM, level ML 2305; B-N: SMF PO 101.148, Tsuyama City, Takakura Formation, levels MS 15, MS 36, MS 80, MS 90, j." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/694124" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Fig. 10A-N</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">Lampanyctus kuboensis</taxonomicName>
1973
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">Lampanyctus kuboensis</taxonomicName>
- Ohe &amp; Araki: pl. 49, figs 7-11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte in Bonaparte" authorityYear="1840" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lampanyctus</taxonomicName>
1977
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte in Bonaparte" authorityYear="1840" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lampanyctus</taxonomicName>
sp. - Takahashi: pl. 25, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parr" authorityYear="1931" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus parvicauda" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvicauda">Lampanyctus parvicauda</taxonomicName>
1981
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parr" authorityYear="1931" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lampanyctus parvicauda" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvicauda">Lampanyctus parvicauda</taxonomicName>
Parr, 1931 - Ohe: pl. 3, fig. 12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">Notoscopelus kuboensis</taxonomicName>
2019
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">Notoscopelus kuboensis</taxonomicName>
(Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973) - Schwarzhans and Ohe: fig. 13K-M.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<specimenCount type="generic">40 specimens</specimenCount>
(figured specimens SMF PO 101.147-148):
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Takakura FM, Burdigalian" county="Tsuyama City" location="Miya River" municipality="Numa" specimenCount="36">
<specimenCount type="generic">36 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48:62D309FFC6A00069A89D1A9C18D50F82" county="Tsuyama City" municipality="Numa" name="Miya River">Miya River</location>
at
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48:C8D56E6E1F5E5F376019541318D56EAC" county="Tsuyama City" municipality="Numa" name="Oda">Oda</location>
and
<collectingMunicipality>Numa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Tsuyama City</collectingCounty>
, Okayama Prefecture,
<collectorName>Takakura FM</collectorName>
, levels MS 04.5, MS 05, MS 05.5. MS 06, MS 15, MS 22, MS 27, MS 36, MS 70, MS 80, MS 90, f10, f40, gh, h, j, late
<collectorName>Burdigalian</collectorName>
, diatom zone 3A-3B
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Mie Prefecture, Katada FM, Burdigalian" location="Nagano River" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48:37F24EC824ADC09FE5BD3F8C11751603" name="Nagano River">Nagano River</location>
at Inabacho, Tsu City,
<collectorName>Mie Prefecture</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Katada FM</collectorName>
, level I 2, late
<collectorName>Burdigalian</collectorName>
, lower part of planktonic foraminifera biozone N8
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Gifu Prefecture, Oidawara FM, Langhian" location="Okuna" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48:35DF8A8750ACA9E332FF78CBB544441F" name="Okuna">Okuna</location>
, Mizunami City,
<collectorName>Gifu Prefecture</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Oidawara FM</collectorName>
, early
<collectorName>Langhian</collectorName>
, diatom zone 4A
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Toyama Prefecture, Higashibessho FM, Burdigalian, Langhian" location="Osedani" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:983512837EA45DB597A141F2D052EF48:A12E0A722B3FFF35425BE7E150AC4EF6" name="Osedani">Osedani</location>
, Toyama City,
<collectorName>Toyama Prefecture</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Higashibessho FM</collectorName>
, level H 20, late
<collectorName>Burdigalian</collectorName>
to early
<collectorName>Langhian</collectorName>
, diatom zone 3A-4A
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notoscopelus kuboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a wide-ranging species in the late early and middle Miocene to early Pleistocene of Japan and belongs to the lineage leading to the extant
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">N. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Tanaka, 1908) (see
<bibRefCitation author="Schwarzhans, W" journalOrPublisher="Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="355 - 400" refId="B64" refString="Schwarzhans, W, Ohe, F, 2019. Lanternfish otoliths (Teleostei, Myctophidae) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Japan. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 125: 355 - 400" title="Lanternfish otoliths (Teleostei, Myctophidae) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Japan." volume="125" year="2019">Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019</bibRefCitation>
). The new data document a rather large variability of the ratio OL:OH ranging from 1.65 to 1.9, with a single large specimen reaching a ratio of 2.0 (corrected for erosion along the central portion of the ventral rim). This wide range appears to be mostly ontogenetically driven, with specimens up to 3 mm in length having a ratio OL:OH of 1.65-1.7 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A-N: Notoscopelus kuboensis (Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973); A: SMF PO 101.147, Inabacho, Tsu City, Katada FM, level ML 2305; B-N: SMF PO 101.148, Tsuyama City, Takakura Formation, levels MS 15, MS 36, MS 80, MS 90, j." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/694124" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">10J, K, M</figureCitation>
), those of 3 to 4 mm in length a ratio OL:OH of 1.75-1.85 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A-N: Notoscopelus kuboensis (Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973); A: SMF PO 101.147, Inabacho, Tsu City, Katada FM, level ML 2305; B-N: SMF PO 101.148, Tsuyama City, Takakura Formation, levels MS 15, MS 36, MS 80, MS 90, j." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/694124" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">10E, G, H</figureCitation>
), and the largest specimens reaching 4.85 mm in length with a ratio OL:OH of 1.9-2.0 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A-N: Notoscopelus kuboensis (Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973); A: SMF PO 101.147, Inabacho, Tsu City, Katada FM, level ML 2305; B-N: SMF PO 101.148, Tsuyama City, Takakura Formation, levels MS 15, MS 36, MS 80, MS 90, j." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/694124" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">10A, B</figureCitation>
). The specimens described from the Pliocene and early Pleistocene by
<bibRefCitation author="Schwarzhans, W" journalOrPublisher="Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="355 - 400" refId="B64" refString="Schwarzhans, W, Ohe, F, 2019. Lanternfish otoliths (Teleostei, Myctophidae) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Japan. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 125: 355 - 400" title="Lanternfish otoliths (Teleostei, Myctophidae) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Japan." volume="125" year="2019">Schwarzhans and Ohe (2019)</bibRefCitation>
are of larger size (4.4-5.0 mm in length) and show a similar ratio of 1.85-1.95.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notoscopelus kuboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the middle Pleistocene
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. praejaponicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="praejaponicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">N. praejaponicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schwarzhans &amp; Ohe, 2019 and the extant
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">N. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Tanaka, 1908) primarily by the not extended posterior tip of the otolith, the postdorsal angle being positioned further backward on the dorsal rim in comparison to the two other species, and the lack of the distinctive and long postdorsal concavity developed in
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. praejaponicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="praejaponicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">N. praejaponicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">N. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.83571.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/694124" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A-N</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ohe &amp; Araki" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Notoscopelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notoscopelus kuboensis" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notoscopelus kuboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ohe &amp; Araki, 1973);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
: SMF PO 101.147, Inabacho, Tsu City, Katada FM, level ML 2305;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B-N</emphasis>
: SMF PO 101.148, Tsuyama City, Takakura Formation, levels MS 15, MS 36, MS 80, MS 90, j.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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