treatments-xml/data/AA/22/8A/AA228A37324C1D4624D249CCFE1CFA92.xml

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<mods:title id="7C9BD332FD796E0D284330C24BB647A6">An updated taxonomic treatment for Saxifraga callosa sensu amplo (Saxifragaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF099F2CC93E8D9345189A862D967229">Tavilla, Gianmarco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="04521D4B1FF2BC03A014A7AFD8340021">Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via A. Longo 19, Catania, Italy gtavilla @ outlook. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4634 - 6440</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9C0BCCBCF83D1797636E70B4F12CA56F">Guacchio, Emanuele Del</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="24BEE6FAE53E39ADF2566ACF5B9FE01E">Department of Biology, University of Naples “ Federico II ”, Botanic Garden, via Foria 223, Naples, 80139 Italy emanuele. delguacchio @ unina. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9349 - 1328</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324C1D4724D249CCFC3CF922" box="[136,983,1716,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="22343B21324C1D4724D249CCFC3CF922" blockId="2.[136,1452,1716,1815]" box="[136,983,1716,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324C1D4724D249CCFE67F922" ID-CoL="6XQQG" authority="Sm." authorityName="Sm." box="[136,396,1716,1743]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4724D249CCFEBEF923" bold="true" box="[136,341,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Saxifraga callosa</emphasis>
Sm.
</taxonomicName>
in Dickson, Coll. Dried Pl., fasc. 3, no. 63. 1791.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324C1D4727BA49CDFBC5F8FB" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="22343B21324C1D4727BA49CDFBC5F8FB" blockId="2.[136,1452,1716,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
<materialsCitation id="92E3317C324C1D4727BA49CDFBC1F8FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4435964303" collectionCode="BM" collectorName="P. Bellardi" country="Italy" location="Piedmon" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" specimenCode="BM001010415" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
Type (
<typeStatus id="FD308583324C1D47207349CCFB7FF922" box="[1065,1172,1716,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324C1D47211149CCFEBFF91E" author="Webb, D. A. &amp; Gornall, R. J." pageId="2" pageNumber="167" refId="ref7841" refString="Webb, D. A. &amp; Gornall, R. J. (1989) Saxifrages of Europe. Christopher Helm, London, 307 pp." type="book" year="1989">Webb &amp; Gornall 1989: 116</bibRefCitation>
):―[
<collectingCountry id="5A9C7BB1324C1D4725D049A0FE2BF91E" box="[394,448,1752,1778]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Italy</collectingCountry>
] 
<location id="27546DFA324C1D47259749A0FDDFF91E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AA228A37324C1D4624D249CCFE1CFA92:27546DFA324C1D47259749A0FDDFF91E" box="[461,564,1752,1778]" country="Italy" name="Piedmon" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Piedmon</location>
, s. d., 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D47262349A1FCC9F91E" box="[633,802,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="8F7E5EF7324C1D47262349A1FD05F91E" box="[633,750,1752,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">P. Bellardi</collectorName>
s. n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="449AA3E4324C1D47276B49A0FC8BF91E" box="[817,864,1752,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">BM</collectionCode>
, barcode 
<specimenCode id="722D935A324C1D47279049A0FB9EF91F" box="[970,1141,1752,1779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">BM001010415</specimenCode>
) (image available at https:// data.nhm.ac.uk/object/1cbbec68-96cd-482d-809a-61264cce9534/1686614400000)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324C1D4724D24830FE0FF7FD" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="22343B21324C1D4724D24830FBB0F826" blockId="2.[136,1453,1864,2066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
≡ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324C1D4724C64830FE88F8B2" ID-CoL="79R7P" authority="Bellardi" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[156,355,1864,1886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4724C64830FEE7F8B1" box="[156,268,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">S. lingulata</emphasis>
Bellardi
</taxonomicName>
, in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin) 5 (“1790–1791”): 226. 1793 ≡ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324C1D4727864830FE02F86D" authority="(Bellardi) Bonnier &amp; Layens, Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="longifolia" subSpecies="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4727864830FBB9F8B1" box="[988,1106,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">S. longifolia</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4720C64830FB18F8B1" box="[1180,1267,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">lingulata</emphasis>
(Bellardi) Bonnier &amp; Layens, Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc.
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="5A9C7BB1324C1D4725B54814FDDFF86D" box="[495,564,1900,1921]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">France</collectingCountry>
: 114. 1894 [May–Jun], 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4727474814FC6EF86D" box="[797,901,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
(Arts. 11.4, 52.1). Type (
<typeStatus id="FD308583324C1D4720264814FB33F86E" box="[1148,1240,1900,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4720B94814FA6FF86D" bold="true" box="[1251,1412,1899,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">here designated</emphasis>
):― [
<collectingCountry id="5A9C7BB1324C1D47249948E8FF18F84A" box="[195,243,1936,1958]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Italy</collectingCountry>
] Piedmon, s. d., 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4725CC48E8FDC0F849" box="[406,555,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">P. Bellardi s. n.</emphasis>
(BM, barcode BM001010415, image!, available at https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/collectionspecimens/resource/05ff2255-c38a-40c9-b657-4ccb55ab2feb/record/8785012/1694476800000).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22343B21324C1D4724D248A0FE0FF7FD" blockId="2.[136,1453,1864,2066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
—“ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324C1D4724F148A0FE02F801" authority="Sternb., Revis. Saxifrag. Suppl." box="[171,489,2008,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lingulata" variety="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4724F148A0FE8DF801" box="[171,358,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Saxifraga lingulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4725CD48A0FE02F801" box="[407,489,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” Sternb., Revis. Saxifrag. Suppl. 2: 53. 1831 [2 Apr], nom. inval., non 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324C1D4720FA48A0FA46F802" ID-CoL="6Y33Z" authority="All., Fl. Pedem." authorityName="All., Fl. Pedem." box="[1184,1453,2008,2030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4720FA48A0FAE0F801" box="[1184,1291,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">S. bellardii</emphasis>
All., Fl. Pedem.
</taxonomicName>
2: 72. 1785 (Art. 26.2 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324C1D4725F44884FE3DF7FD" box="[430,470,2044,2065]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">ICN</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324D1D4624D24FE7FCD2FECC" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="description">
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624D24FE7FBBBFF58" blockId="3.[136,1451,159,289]" box="[136,1104,159,181]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
—“ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624F14FD8FE19FF59" authority="&quot; Raf., Fl. Tellur." authorityName="Raf., Fl. Tellur." box="[171,498,159,181]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Evaiezoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624F14FD8FEA5FF58" box="[171,334,159,181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Evaiezoa callosa</emphasis>
” Raf., Fl. Tellur.
</taxonomicName>
2: 71. 1837 [Jan–Mar, “1836”], nom. inval. (Art. 35.2 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4620404FE7FBA9FF58" box="[1050,1090,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624D24FBBFF18FF10" blockId="3.[136,1451,159,289]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
—“ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624F14FBBFE31FF34" box="[171,474,195,217]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="callosa" variety="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624F14FBBFEBEFF34" box="[171,341,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga callosa</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625D24FBBFE31FF34" box="[392,474,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subvar. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626774FBBFD76FF34" box="[557,669,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">eu-bellardii</emphasis>
” Engl. &amp; Irmsch. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 67: 480. 1919, nom. inval. (Art. 24.3 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624E74F9FFF0EFF10" box="[189,229,231,252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624D24E73FCD2FECC" blockId="3.[136,1451,159,289]" box="[136,825,267,289]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
—“ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624F14E73FD57FECD" authority="&quot; Farrer, Engl. Rock Gard." authorityName="Farrer, Engl. Rock Gard." box="[171,700,267,289]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lingulata" subSpecies="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624F14E73FE56FECC" box="[171,445,267,288]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga lingulata bellardii</emphasis>
” Farrer, Engl. Rock Gard.
</taxonomicName>
2: 289. 1919
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324D1D4624D24E28FB88FADA" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624D24E28FAE0FD3E" blockId="3.[136,1452,335,1334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
Notes:— 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624B74E28FE5CFE85" box="[237,439,335,362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624B74E28FE5CFE85" box="[237,439,335,362]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described rather obscurely on the printed label of the series of exsiccates 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4621C14E28FE5AFE61" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">A Collection of Dried Plants</emphasis>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4625804E0BFD66FE62" author="Dickson, J. J." box="[474,653,371,398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref5714" refString="Dickson, J. J. (1791) A collection of dried plants, fasc. 3. Herbarium of the British Museum, 25 sheets." type="book" year="1791">Dickson (1791)</bibRefCitation>
. According to Art. 30.8 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4627E24E0CFC0CFE62" box="[952,999,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
, this represents an effective publication. 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4624D24EEFFED1FE5E" author="Dickson, J. J." box="[136,314,407,434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref5714" refString="Dickson, J. J. (1791) A collection of dried plants, fasc. 3. Herbarium of the British Museum, 25 sheets." type="book" year="1791">Dickson (1791)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that the name originated from unpublished observations by the prominent botanist J. E. Smith. As Dickson, at the same time, attributed the name and the diagnosis to Smith, according to Art. 46.2 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46212C4EC4FA4EFE3A" box="[1398,1445,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
, Smith must be cited as the only author (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D46262B4E98FD07FE16" author="IPNI" box="[625,748,480,506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6196" refString="IPNI (2023) International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria &amp; Libraries and Australian National Herbarium. Available from: http: // www. ipni. org (accessed 26 June 2023)" type="url" year="2023">IPNI 2023</bibRefCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D4627684EA7FC72FE15" box="[818,921,479,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is among the specimens collected in 
<collectingRegion id="E04FF5C3324D1D46211A4EA7FA40FE15" box="[1344,1451,479,505]" country="Italy" name="Piemonte" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Piedmont</collectingRegion>
(NW 
<collectingCountry id="5A9C7BB1324D1D46249D4D7BFF17FDF1" box="[199,252,515,541]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Italy</collectingCountry>
) and cited by 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4625C04D7BFDAEFDF2" author="Bellardi, L." box="[410,581,515,542]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" pagination="209 - 286" refId="ref5410" refString="Bellardi, L. (1793) Appendix Ludovici Bellardi ad Flora pedemontanam. Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences (Turin) 1790 - 1791: 209 - 286. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 32318 # page / 342 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1793">Bellardi (1793)</bibRefCitation>
in the protologue of 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D46276B4D7CFC59FDF1" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[817,946,515,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46276B4D7CFC59FDF1" box="[817,946,515,542]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As a consequence, BM001010415 is clearly a 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D4624C14D50FF19FDAE" box="[155,242,552,578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of Bellardi’s name, and indeed the only available. As a 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D4627014D50FC59FDAE" box="[859,946,552,578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
claims priority in lectotypification procedure (Art. 9.12 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46257D4D34FEBDFD8A" box="[295,342,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
), the most obvious and parsimonious choice is to designate the same specimen as the type of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624D24D08FEF8FD65" box="[136,275,623,650]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624D24D08FEE4FD65" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[136,271,623,650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">S. lingulata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
so definitively fixing its synonymy with 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4626A24D08FC83FD65" box="[760,872,623,650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626A24D08FC83FD65" box="[760,872,623,650]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As expected, the specimen perfectly matches the protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D46254B4DEBFE44FD42" author="Bellardi, L." box="[273,431,659,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" pagination="209 - 286" refId="ref5410" refString="Bellardi, L. (1793) Appendix Ludovici Bellardi ad Flora pedemontanam. Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences (Turin) 1790 - 1791: 209 - 286. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 32318 # page / 342 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1793">Bellardi 1793</bibRefCitation>
), and it shows glabrous scapes, elongated and almost linear leaves with a narrow base and an obtuse apex, the panicle very rich and the petals mostly spatulate, which are all typical of 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4620C24DC0FAEEFD3D" box="[1176,1285,695,722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4620C24DC0FAEEFD3D" box="[1176,1285,695,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624E74DA3FF2BFB25" blockId="3.[136,1452,335,1334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
The combination 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625D34DA4FD3FFD19" box="[393,724,731,758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="longifolia" subSpecies="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625D34DA4FDFFFD19" box="[393,532,731,758]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. longifolia</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626354DA3FD3FFD19" box="[623,724,731,757]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Bonnier &amp; Layens (1894: 114, see p. VIII for the intended rank) is illegitimate according to Art. 11.4 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626D34C78FD53FCF6" box="[649,696,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
, because the name 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4627CF4C78FBFCFCF5" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[917,1047,767,794]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4627CF4C78FBFCFCF5" box="[917,1047,767,794]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has priority over 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4620BB4C78FEBCFCD2" authority="Picot Lapeyrouse (1795" authorityName="Picot Lapeyrouse" authorityYear="1795" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4620BB4C78FA81FCF5" box="[1249,1386,767,794]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. longifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4621284D87FEBCFCD2" author="Picot Lapeyrouse, P." pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6510" refString="Picot Lapeyrouse, P. (1795 - 1801) Figures de la Flore des Pyrenees, vol 1. De l'imprimerie de Du Pont, Paris, 68 pp. [https: // www. e-rara. ch / zuz / content / zoom / 16199337]" type="book" year="1795">Picot Lapeyrouse (1795</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–1801: 26). As 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4626574C5BFD0BFCD2" author="Rafinesque, C." box="[525,736,803,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6691" refString="Rafinesque, C. (1837) (&quot; 1836 &quot;) Flora telluriana, vol. 2. Philadelphia, 112 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7751" type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque (1837)</bibRefCitation>
did not definitively associate the epithet 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D46209E4C5BFAFEFCD1" box="[1220,1301,803,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46209E4C5BFAFEFCD1" box="[1220,1301,803,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to his genus 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624D24C30FF04FC8D" box="[136,239,840,865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Evaiezoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624D24C30FF04FC8D" box="[136,239,840,865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Evaiezoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the combination 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625E04C30FDC1FC8D" box="[442,554,839,865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625E04C30FDC1FC8D" box="[442,554,839,865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">E. callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is invalid (Art. 35.2, Ex. 6 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4627254C30FC45FC8E" box="[895,942,840,866]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
) (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4627B64C30FB69FC8E" author="POWO" box="[1004,1154,840,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6654" refString="POWO (2023) Plants of theWorld Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. plantsoftheworldonline. org / (accessed 14 June 2023)." type="url" year="2023">POWO 2023</bibRefCitation>
). “ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4620FB4C30FF0CFC69" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lingulata" variety="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4620FB4C30FA90FC8D" box="[1185,1403,839,866]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga lingulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624D24C13FF0CFC69" box="[136,231,875,901]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is a name invalidly published by 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D46262F4C13FCDCFC6A" author="Sternberg, C." box="[629,823,875,902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7081" refString="Sternberg, C. (1831) Revisionis Saxifragarum iconibus illustratae supplementum secundum. In commissis apud J. C. Calve, Pragae [Prague], 104 pp. [Revisio saxifragarum iconibus illustrata ([Reprod.]) / auctore Casparo Comite de Sternberg, ... | Gallica (bnf. fr)]" type="book" year="1831">Sternberg (1831)</bibRefCitation>
, because he cited 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D46205C4C14FB01FC69" authority="Bellardi" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[1030,1258,875,902]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46205C4C14FB63FC69" box="[1030,1160,875,902]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
Bellardi
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy, so including the 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D4625794CE8FEB8FC46" box="[291,339,912,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
of this name in the infrageneric taxon of the adopted, legitimate name of the species to which it is assigned, i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D46257C4CCCFE4CFC21" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[294,423,947,974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46257C4CCCFE4CFC21" box="[294,423,947,974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Art. 26.2 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D46261A4CCCFD84FC22" box="[576,623,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
). Due to a mere mistake, some databases (
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4620134CCCFB34FC22" author="POWO" box="[1097,1247,948,974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6654" refString="POWO (2023) Plants of theWorld Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. plantsoftheworldonline. org / (accessed 14 June 2023)." type="url" year="2023">POWO 2023</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4620B04CCCFA83FC22" author="WFO" box="[1258,1384,948,974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7869" refString="WFO (2023) World Flora Online. Available from: http: // www. worldfloraonline. org / (accessed 28 Jun. 2023)." type="url" year="2023">WFO 2023</bibRefCitation>
) have incorrectly linked the names 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625884CA0FD68FC1D" authority="All." authorityName="All." box="[466,643,983,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625884CA0FDA4FC1D" box="[466,591,983,1010]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. bellardii</emphasis>
All.
</taxonomicName>
and those associated with Sternberg’s invalid name to the taxon of our interest. 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4624B34C84FE6BFBFA" author="Farrer, R." box="[233,384,1020,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref5888" refString="Farrer, R. (1919) The English Rock-garden, vol. 2. T. C. &amp; E. C. Jack, London and Edinburgh, 524 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13469" type="book" year="1919">Farrer (1919)</bibRefCitation>
considered 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4626524C84FD61FBF9" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[520,650,1019,1046]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626524C84FD61FBF9" box="[520,650,1019,1046]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4626E94C84FCCBFBF9" box="[691,800,1019,1046]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626E94C84FCCBFBF9" box="[691,800,1019,1046]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as “a 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D46272B4C84FC4FFBFA" box="[881,932,1020,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
, not a species” [sic!], maybe based on “ 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D46213F4C84FA47FBFA" box="[1381,1452,1020,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Typus</typeStatus>
polymorphus” by 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4625034B67FD63FBD6" author="Engler, A. &amp; Irmscher, E." box="[345,648,1055,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref5800" refString="Engler, A. &amp; Irmscher, E. (1919) Saxifragaceae- Saxifraga. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich, vol. 4 (117) [Heft 69]. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 459 pp. [https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / viewer / 11091 /? offset = # page = 1 &amp; viewer = picture &amp; o = bookmark &amp; n = 0 &amp; q =]" type="book" year="1919">Engler &amp; Irmscher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
. Besides, Ferrer (1919) published the trinomial 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4620ED4B58FA4FFBD5" box="[1207,1444,1055,1082]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lingulata" subSpecies="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4620ED4B58FA4FFBD5" box="[1207,1444,1055,1082]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which could be accepted under the provision of Art. 37.3 of 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4627474B3CFCA7FBB2" box="[797,844,1092,1118]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ICN</emphasis>
as an infraspecific name without rank, i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4621714B3CFA40FBB1" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1793" box="[1323,1451,1091,1118]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4621714B3CFA40FBB1" box="[1323,1451,1091,1118]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[unranked] 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625574B1FFE87FB6D" box="[269,364,1127,1153]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625574B1FFE87FB6D" box="[269,364,1127,1153]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, despite Farrer’s confused use of the terms “ 
<typeStatus id="FD308583324D1D4627B44B10FBC9FB6E" box="[1006,1058,1128,1154]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
” and “species”, it is clear that, in his treatment, 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625734BF4FDF8FB49" box="[297,531,1163,1190]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lingulata" subSpecies="bellardii">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625734BF4FDF8FB49" box="[297,531,1163,1190]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. lingulata bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the typical infraspecific taxon, so the provisions of Art. 26.2 can be applied as well.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624E74BABFB88FADA" blockId="3.[136,1452,335,1334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
Finally, the presumed illegitimate synonyms “ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4626984BACFB33FB01" authority="Schott, Nyman &amp; Kotschy" authorityName="Schott, Nyman &amp; Kotschy" box="[706,1240,1235,1262]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="florulenta">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4626984BACFC4FFB01" box="[706,932,1235,1262]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga florulenta</emphasis>
Schott, Nyman &amp; Kotschy
</taxonomicName>
” (
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4620AB4BABFA4CFB02" author="Schott, H." box="[1265,1447,1235,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6861" refString="Schott, H. (1854) Analecta botanica. Typis C. Gerold, Vindobonae [Vienna], 64 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9804" type="book" year="1854">Schott 1854: 20</bibRefCitation>
, where we find only a citation of “ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625A44B80FCD4FAFD" authority="Moretti" authorityName="Moretti" box="[510,831,1271,1298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="florulenta">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625A44B80FD0BFAFD" box="[510,736,1271,1298]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga florulenta</emphasis>
Moretti
</taxonomicName>
”) and “ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4627C84B80FBDFFAFD" box="[914,1076,1271,1298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4627C84B80FBDFFAFD" box="[914,1076,1271,1298]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">S. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ten.” (
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D4620DF4B80FAFDFAFE" author="Tenore, M." box="[1157,1302,1272,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7231" refString="Tenore, M. (1811) Flora Napolitana, vol. 1 (2). Nella Stamperia Reale, Napoli [Naples]. [http: // www. ortobotanico. unina. it / FNapolitana _ Unina 2 / pdf / Tomo _ 1. pdf]" type="url" year="1811">Tenore 1811</bibRefCitation>
: XXV, where we find only a citation of “ 
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4625EC4A64FD1AFADA" authority="Pers." authorityName="Pers." box="[438,753,1307,1334]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625EC4A64FD5BFAD9" box="[438,688,1307,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga pyramidalis</emphasis>
Pers.
</taxonomicName>
”) do not exist (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="461A46D0324D1D46279B4A64FBB3FADA" author="POWO" box="[961,1112,1308,1334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" refId="ref6654" refString="POWO (2023) Plants of theWorld Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. plantsoftheworldonline. org / (accessed 14 June 2023)." type="url" year="2023">POWO 2023</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A9168AA324D1D4624D24A1BFE1CFA92" box="[136,503,1379,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="22343B21324D1D4624D24A1BFE1CFA92" blockId="3.[136,503,1379,1406]" box="[136,503,1379,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="797C8C4D324D1D4624D24A1BFE1CFA92" box="[136,503,1379,1406]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="E58B40A2324D1D4624D24A1BFE1CFA92" ID-CoL="5L2H7" box="[136,503,1379,1406]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="callosa" subSpecies="callosa">
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4624D24A1BFEB9FA92" bold="true" box="[136,338,1379,1406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Saxifraga callosa</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="10FFE733324D1D4625FC4A1BFE1CFA92" bold="true" box="[422,503,1379,1406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">callosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>