241 lines
30 KiB
XML
241 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="5EA5E8ED4BA98F1C3A4A7BC89C0CF238" ID-DOI="10.1206/3859.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5368683" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630261121204" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2016" docId="64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64" docLanguage="en" docName="N3859.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2016 (3859)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3859.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Drosophila manni Grimaldi 2016, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="9839755DE932FF98FFB4FF86FFB6FFA2" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1699201740248" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="17669BC44F9539538B7000C2C11E303E">Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF695E59D474042EA26DE998ADC01518">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5A878474DE34C43D10E7B7044BC728C7">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BA2589590CCAABB4D5DD16EEFFFCBD6A">
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<mods:date id="2C02908F233CE82DAAA6E6986AED1C1C">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="122506D5648A28FA0E971B65CD4320E2">2016-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="807D22958F1F81779CB788C2DA61DF10">2016</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D3E168EA12C5E858E1A9DDA645D408F6">3859</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1C407549CDB0819B63EC701CA5D6832F">http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3859.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="EF276F5616EDDAC2DF03DD897D2AD8F2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8F6A396B2959B6FDD9AA1BD2A604EF71" type="DOI">10.1206/3859.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EC2536D7024AECCEA577F492C68DCF69" type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460927" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5460927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91AFFB0FE51FE0FFCEDFE01" box="[485,859,393,420]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FE51FE0FFCEDFE01" blockId="40.[485,859,393,420]" box="[485,859,393,420]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="B75E0B5FE91AFFB0FE51FE0FFCEDFE01" box="[485,859,393,420]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E91AFFB0FE51FE0FFD77FE01" authority="Grimaldi, 2016" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[485,705,393,420]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91AFFB0FE51FE0FFD77FE01" bold="true" box="[485,705,393,420]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Drosophila manni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE91AFFB0FD64FE0CFCEDFE01" box="[720,859,393,420]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91AFFB0FE5DFE47FCE1FE7E" box="[489,855,449,476]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FE5DFE47FCE1FE7E" blockId="40.[489,855,449,476]" box="[489,855,449,476]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="B75E0B5FE91AFFB0FE5DFE47FCE1FE7E" box="[489,855,449,476]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="7492A0B6E91AFFB0FE5DFE47FDDDFE7E" box="[489,619,449,476]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[120,162,1145,1166]" captionTargetBox="[120,1224,224,1119]" captionTargetId="figure-256@4.[120,1224,224,1119]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. Habitus of exemplar species in the bromeliae group. A. Drosophila manni, n. sp. B. D. penispina, n. sp. C. D. bromeliae Sturtevant. D. D. mexiflora, n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368685/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figures 1A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7492A0B6E91AFFB0FDCDFE44FD2CFE7E" box="[633,666,450,476]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[120,162,1652,1673]" captionTargetBox="[232,1121,224,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[134,1211,224,1626]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. Heads of exemplar species in the bromeliae group. A. Drosophila penispina, n. sp. (specimen DBG21) B. D. billheedi, n. sp. (DBG 2, holotype). C. D. stylipennis, n. sp. (DBG 12). D. D. mexiflora, n. sp. (DBG 41). Note supernumery left proclinate seta. E. D. manni, n. sp. (DBG 70). F. D. bromeliae Sturtevant (DBG 10). Numbers prefaced by DBG refer to specimens that were dissected." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368687/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2E</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="7492A0B6E91AFFB0FD12FE44FD4CFE7E" box="[678,762,450,476]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[120,162,1287,1308]" captionTargetBox="[128,1218,224,1243]" captionTargetId="figure-113@41.[120,1224,224,1261]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 19. Male genitalia of two closely related species: (A–C) Drosophila manni, n. sp. (DBG 55) and (D–F) Drosophila paramanni, n. sp. (DBG 86). A. Lateral view of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, postgonite, and full ventral view of distiphallus of D. manni. B. Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium. C. Hypandrium. D. Lateral view of male genitalia, with full ventral view of distiphallus. E. Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium. F. Hypandrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368719/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">19A–C</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="7492A0B6E91AFFB0FCB3FE44FCE1FE7E" box="[775,855,450,476]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[120,162,1657,1678]" captionTargetBox="[124,1224,228,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-6@43.[120,1224,224,1631]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 21. Female terminalia of two species in the bromeliae group. A, E. Drosophila manni Grimaldi, n. sp. (DBG 54). B–D, F, G. Drosophila stylipennis Grimaldi, n. sp. All structures to the same scale; see text for specimen numbers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368723/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">21A, E</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91AFFB0FF1CFE61FBDAFD34" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FF1CFE61FBDAFD34" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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DIAGNOSIS: A relatively large species for the group (thorax length
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<quantity id="2B5111D6E91AFFB0FC0BFE61FB9FFDA3" box="[959,1065,487,513]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.03">1.03 mm</quantity>
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[0.94–1.12]), body light to deep yellow overall (even abdomen and ocellar triangle); prescutellar seta ca. 0.52× length of posterior dorsocentral; aedeagus arched in lateral view, distiphallus with distinctive pair of large, ventral spines; surstylus with relatively few (7) prensisetae, tip of epandrial lobe pointed; oviscapt long (length 3.0× width), spermathecal length 1.26× the width.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91AFFB4FF1CFD24FB03FDD3" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FF1CFD24FE49FBDE" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">DESCRIPTION: Male: Head: Frons uniform deep yellow; frontal index 1.00, top to bottom width ratio 1.47 (1.39–1.55). Ocellar triangle slightly raised above rest of front, yellow (not brown) between ocelli; triangle with anterior corner ca. 0.7× length of front. Orbital setae bronzed (lighter in lateral views), or1:or3 ratio 1.09 (1.06–1.13), or2:or1 ratio 0.60 (0.56– 0.64), postocellar setae 0.52× and ocellar setae 0.81× the frontal length, postocellar setae convergent; bases of ocellar setae lying slightly outside of tangent between medial and lateral setae; vt index 0.95. Vibrissal index 0.41 (0.33–0.50). Face slighty lighter than frons. Carina well developed, edge flattened, without sulcus, width of edge slightly less than that of pedicel. Cheek index about 0.12. Eye index 1.38 (1.34–1.42). Occiput largely deep yellow, except for infuscate brown area between occipital apodemes. Antenna slightly darker than front; pedicel with 2–3 extremely fine, light setae on inner surface; arista with 4 dorsal and 2 ventral branches, plus small terminal fork. Proboscis entirely light yellow; palpus slightly deeper yellow, with two subapical setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FF1CFB01FC00FA23" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Thorax length
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<quantity id="2B5111D6E91AFFB0FEE7FB01FE0CFB03" box="[339,442,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.96">0.96 mm</quantity>
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(0.94–0.99). Scutum uniformly deep yellow; 8 rows of acrostichals; 1 large pair of prescutellar setae, lengths 0.50 (0.41–0.59)× that of posterior dorsocentral setae; setae lateral to prescutellars only slightly differentiated from acrostichals; h index (not measureable). Transverse distance of dorsocentral setae 2.38× that of longitudinal distance. Scutellum same color as scutum; basal scutellars convergent; apical scutellars crossing 0.3–0.4× their lengths; scut index 1.22. Pleura same deep yellow as scutum, sterno index (not measureable). Halter very slightly infuscate. Legs slightly lighter than thoracic trunk.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FF1CFA0AFCCDF9B4" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Wing hyaline, veins dull yellowish, length
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<quantity id="2B5111D6E91AFFB0FD22FA0AFCB6FA05" box="[662,768,1420,1447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.92">1.92 mm</quantity>
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, length to width ratio 2.32 (2.20–2.44). Indices: C, 2.20 (2.15–2.25); ac, 2.52; hb, 0.56 (0.52–0.60); 4-C, 1.02 (0.98–1.06; 4V, 1.82; 5x, 1.34 (1.31–1.37); M, 0.48 (0.42–0.55). Vein C with 4–5 thicker spinules in Sc section; wing tip very slightly pointed, vein R
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<subScript id="702DBE76E91AFFB0FE71F98CFE55F9B9" attach="left" box="[453,483,1546,1563]" fontSize="7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2+3</subScript>
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very slightly sinuous, not straight.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB0FF1CF9A7FEE9F9C3" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Abdomen entirely light yellow, even posterior margins of tergites; completely lacking dark, infuscate markings.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91AFFB1FF1CF9EAFCCAF973" blockId="40.[120,1225,486,1745]" lastBlockId="41.[120,1225,1457,1745]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Male terminalia (fig. 19A–C): Epandrium with microtrichia, lacking setae except on ventral lobe of epandrium; ventral lobe with narrow tip (not rounded), lacking microtrichia but with ca. 6 setae. Cerci fused laterally to epandrium. Surstylus with microtrichia on lateral/outer surface, having mesal row of 7 large peglike prensisetae, plus 7–8 fine setae (several ventral ones slightly sclerotized). Subepandrial sclerite (not examined). Hypandrium slightly trapezoidal in shape, slightly longer than broad (L/W 1.15), lateral margins slightly convex, anterior edge emarginate in middle. Postgonites fused to hypandrium, each with short, minute apical seta. Aedeagus fused to aedeagal apodeme, evenly arched in lateral view, aedeagal angle 45°, shaft of aedeagus of moderate and even thickness throughout (length of shaft 7.5× the width); distiphallus long, length ca. 0.5× the aedeagal shaft, in ventral view with narrow tip, base with pair of large spines; aedeagal apodeme relatively long, rudderlike.</paragraph>
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<caption id="B8D6ECBBE91BFFB1FFCCFA81FEDEFA31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5368719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368719/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[120,162,1287,1308]" targetBox="[128,1218,224,1243]" targetPageId="41">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91BFFB1FFCCFA81FEDEFA31" blockId="41.[120,1224,1285,1427]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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FIG. 19. Male genitalia of two closely related species: (A–C)
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<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E91BFFB1FD5FFA83FC17FABF" authority="Grimaldi, 2016" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[747,929,1285,1309]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FD5FFA83FC17FABF" box="[747,929,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Drosophila manni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE91BFFB1FC1BFA80FC50FABF" box="[943,998,1286,1309]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(DBG 55) and (D–F)
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FFCCFAA5FED6FA99" box="[120,352,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E91BFFB1FFCCFAA5FEEAFA99" authority="Grimaldi, 2016" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[120,348,1315,1339]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="paramanni" status="sp. nov.">Drosophila paramanni</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE91BFFB1FED2FAA5FE2BFA98" box="[358,413,1315,1338]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(DBG 86).
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FDA1FAA5FD9BFA99" bold="true" box="[533,557,1315,1339]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A.</emphasis>
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Lateral view of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, postgonite, and full ventral view of distiphallus of
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<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E91BFFB1FE0CFAC7FDAFFAFA" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[440,537,1345,1368]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manni">
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FE0CFAC7FDAFFAFA" box="[440,537,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">D. manni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FD9CFAC6FD88FAFA" bold="true" box="[552,574,1344,1368]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B.</emphasis>
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Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium.
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FC48FAC6FBA5FAFA" bold="true" box="[1020,1043,1344,1368]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C.</emphasis>
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Hypandrium.
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FB1BFAC6FB7EFAFA" bold="true" box="[1199,1224,1344,1368]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">D.</emphasis>
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Lateral view of male genitalia, with full ventral view of distiphallus.
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FC8BFAD8FCE5FAD4" bold="true" box="[831,851,1374,1398]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">E.</emphasis>
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Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium.
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91BFFB1FF70FAFDFF60FA31" bold="true" box="[196,214,1403,1427]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">F.</emphasis>
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Hypandrium.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="B8D6ECBBE918FFB2FFCCF916FC94F942" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368721" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5368721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368721/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[120,162,1680,1701]" targetBox="[147,1193,224,1646]" targetPageId="42">
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<paragraph id="EC16BC33E918FFB2FFCCF916FC94F942" blockId="42.[120,1224,1677,1760]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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FIG. 20. Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E918FFB2FE37F908FD73F904" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[387,709,1678,1702]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="stylipennis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DEDD6021E918FFB2FE37F908FDE9F904" box="[387,607,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Drosophila stylipennis</emphasis>
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Grimaldi
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE918FFB2FD64F908FCBEF907" box="[720,776,1678,1701]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, showing variation.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E918FFB2FC62F90BFB9FF904" bold="true" box="[982,1065,1677,1702]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A, D, E.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, gonopod, and full ventral view of distiphallus.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E918FFB2FCC9F92DFC1BF961" bold="true" box="[893,941,1707,1731]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B, E.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypandrium.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E918FFB2FBF0F92DFBCCF961" bold="true" box="[1092,1146,1707,1731]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C, G.</emphasis>
|
||
Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium. See text for specimen numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B8D6ECBBE919FFB3FFCCF9FFFEF6F968" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368723" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5368723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368723/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[120,162,1657,1678]" targetBox="[124,1224,228,1625]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E919FFB3FFCCF9FFFEF6F968" blockId="43.[120,1225,1655,1738]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
FIG. 21. Female terminalia of two species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E919FFB3FDC2F9F1FD61F92D" box="[630,727,1655,1679]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="bromeliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E919FFB3FDC2F9F1FD61F92D" box="[630,727,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">bromeliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E919FFB3FC9DF9F1FCE8F92D" bold="true" box="[809,862,1655,1679]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A, E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E919FFB3FCD3F9F1FB33F92D" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[871,1157,1655,1679]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E919FFB3FCD3F9F1FBABF92D" box="[871,1053,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Drosophila manni</emphasis>
|
||
Grimaldi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE919FFB3FB24F9F1FB7FF92C" box="[1168,1225,1655,1678]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(DBG 54).
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E919FFB3FF59F912FEE9F90E" bold="true" box="[237,351,1684,1708]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B–D, F, G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E919FFB3FEDCF912FD18F90E" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2016" box="[360,686,1684,1708]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="stylipennis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E919FFB3FEDCF912FDF0F90E" box="[360,582,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Drosophila stylipennis</emphasis>
|
||
Grimaldi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5EEDD5AE919FFB3FD0FF913FD45F90E" box="[699,755,1685,1708]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
All structures to the same scale; see text for specimen numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91EFFB4FF1CFF67FB2FFDA0" blockId="44.[120,1225,225,1223]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Female: General morphology similar to males. Measurements: Thorax length
|
||
<quantity id="2B5111D6E91EFFB4FBE2FF67FB75FF5E" box="[1110,1219,225,252]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.11" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.11">1.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
; frontal width index 1.36 (0.96–1.03). or1:or3 ratio 1.05 (1.06–1.13), or2:or1 ratio 0.55, postocellar setae 0.48× and ocellar setae 0.70× the frontal length, vt index (not measurable). Vibrissal index 0.55. Cheek index about 0.12. Eye index 1.44. Prescutellar seta length 0.54× that posterior dorsocentral setae; h index (not measurable). Transverse distance of dorsocentral setae 2.96× the longitudinal distance. Scutellar seta index 0.83, sterno index (not measurable). Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="2B5111D6E91EFFB4FFCCFE44FF54FE7E" box="[120,226,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.21">2.21 mm</quantity>
|
||
, length to width ratio 2.38. Wing indices: C, 2.52; ac, 2.39 (2.28–2.50); hb, 0.58 (0.55– 0.66); 4-C, 0.92 (0.86–0.98); 4v 1.66 (1.57–1.76); 5x 1.52 (1.44–1.61); M, 0.51 (0.46–0.57).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91EFFB4FF1CFD8AFB03FDD3" blockId="44.[120,1225,225,1223]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Female terminalia (figs. 21A, E): Oviscapt long, ca. 400 µm, length 2.8× the greatest width; valves narrow at tip in lateral view, with 19–20 marginal, peglike ovisensilla. Spermatheca relatively long, cup shaped, height 1.26× the width; basal introvert reaching about 0.40× length of capsule.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91EFFB4FF1CFDFBFC81FC45" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91EFFB4FF1CFDFBFEF0FC89" blockId="44.[120,1225,225,1223]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="5CC1B66EE91EFFB4FF1CFDFBFEF0FC89" collectionCode="NMNH" collectorName="Wm. M. Mann" country="Bolivia" county="Rondonia" location="The" municipality="northeastern Bolivia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="DBG 56" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Beni" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
TYPE:
|
||
<typeStatus id="33120291E91EFFB4FF45FDFAFED6FD34" box="[241,352,636,662]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAAF77BAE91EFFB4FED9FDFDFE33FD34" box="[365,389,635,662]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
: “Huachi
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2E6D72D1E91EFFB4FE48FDFAFD82FD34" box="[508,564,636,662]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Beni</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91EFFB4FDF4FDFAFD1AFD34" bold="true" box="[576,684,636,662]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94BEFCA3E91EFFB4FDF4FDFAFD1AFD34" box="[576,684,636,662]" name="Bolivia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="415CD9E5E91EFFB4FD0EFDFBFCD0FD34" box="[698,870,636,663]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Wm. M. Mann</collectorName>
|
||
/Aug/Mulford BioExpl, 1921– 22.” Type in good condition, with distal 2/3 of abdomen removed, genitalia dissected by D.A.G. (
|
||
<specimenCode id="BC0F1448E91EFFB4FF34FD41FF51FD40" box="[128,231,711,738]" collectionCode="DBG" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12925" name="Denver Botanic Gardens" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Botanical Garden (with or without associated herbarium)">DBG 56</specimenCode>
|
||
) and stored in glass microvial on same pin as specimen. In
|
||
<collectionCode id="8AB824F6E91EFFB4FC7AFD41FB98FD43" box="[974,1070,711,737]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="E976EAE8E91EFFB4FB8FFD41FBD1FD43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64:E976EAE8E91EFFB4FB8FFD41FBD1FD43" box="[1083,1127,711,737]" country="Bolivia" county="Rondonia" municipality="northeastern Bolivia" name="The" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Beni">The</location>
|
||
locality probably refers to
|
||
<location id="E976EAE8E91EFFB4FEE8FD6AFE4EFCA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:64000D25E91AFFB4FE51FE0FFB95FB64:E976EAE8E91EFFB4FEE8FD6AFE4EFCA4" box="[348,504,748,774]" country="Bolivia" county="Rondonia" municipality="northeastern Bolivia" name="Huachi in El" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Beni">Huachi in El</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2E6D72D1E91EFFB4FDB7FD6AFD06FCA4" box="[515,688,748,774]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Beni Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="0C722649E91EFFB4FD0BFD6AFC0FFCA4" box="[703,953,748,774]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">northeastern Bolivia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near the border with
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0577C4BFE91EFFB4FFCCFC97FF58FC89" box="[120,238,785,811]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Rondônia</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Brazil.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91EFFB4FF1CFCB1FC81FC45" blockId="44.[120,1225,225,1223]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
OTHER SPECIMENS:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="5CC1B66EE91EFFB4FE26FCB1FBB1FCF3" box="[402,1031,822,849]" collectionCode="NMNH" collectorName="Wm. M. Mann" country="Bolivia" county="Rondonia" location="The" municipality="northeastern Bolivia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Beni" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="33120291E91EFFB4FE26FCB1FDB0FCF3" box="[402,518,823,849]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAAF77BAE91EFFB4FDBBFCB1FDE3FCF3" box="[527,597,822,849]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAAF77BAE91EFFB4FDD6FCB1FD3EFCF3" box="[610,648,822,849]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
with same label data as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="5CC1B66EE91EFFB4FBA6FCB1FC85FC45" collectionCode="NMNH" country="Bolivia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="DBG 54" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAAF77BAE91EFFB4FBA6FCB1FB88FCF3" box="[1042,1086,822,849]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
is dissected (
|
||
<specimenCode id="BC0F1448E91EFFB4FF34FCDAFF53FCD5" box="[128,229,860,887]" collectionCode="DBG" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12925" name="Denver Botanic Gardens" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Botanical Garden (with or without associated herbarium)">DBG 54</specimenCode>
|
||
) (genitalia stored in microvial on specimen’s pin). Specimens in this type series are preserved in remarkably good condition, particularly given their 90 year age; cuticle of the specimens shows virtually no collapse or fading, and is very clean (the specimens may have been collected directly from their host flowers). In
|
||
<collectionCode id="8AB824F6E91EFFB4FD60FC4BFC85FC45" box="[724,819,973,999]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4B3EFB8E91EFFB4FF1CFC74FB95FB64" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC16BC33E91EFFB4FF1CFC74FB95FB64" blockId="44.[120,1225,225,1223]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY: Patronym for William M. Mann (1886–1960), collector of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="33120291E91EFFB4FBBEFC74FB8AFBAE" box="[1034,1084,1010,1036]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series, myrmecologist, and eventually director of the National Zoo in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2E6D72D1E91EFFB4FCA9FB91FC1CFB93" box="[797,938,1047,1073]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
, D.C. Mann was the sole entomologist on the ill-fated Mulford Expedition, an engaging account of which was provided in the 1926 book
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BA9C7B0E91EFFB4FE95FBE7FD87FBD9" authority="Waters and Black" authorityName="Waters and Black" box="[289,561,1121,1147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="White" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEDD6021E91EFFB4FE95FBE7FD87FBD9" box="[289,561,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">White Waters and Black</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the expedition’s guide, Gordon MacCreagh. Mann, aka “the entomologist” in the account, was one of the few intrepid expedition members, and for whom the book was dedicated: “To the bug-hunter, stout companion of the trail.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |