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<document id="FFCC866E9258B07CA2DB8EE28FF2EBAC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.204397" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf42baf2-b107-4129-ac98-6a74ae12e066" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="204397" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460239808474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sparks, John S. &amp; Schelly, Robert C." docDate="2011" docId="1C78F4150C26695CBED8DCAACF284051" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02768p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2768" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paretroplus loisellei Sparks &amp; Schelly, 2011, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="E0418C6D0C236956BE4FDC3DCB4A4772" masterDocTitle="A new species of Paretroplus (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Etroplinae) from northeastern Madagascar, with a phylogeny and revised diagnosis for the P. damii clade" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698240445798" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="C9709157C16EB8607DDC5466D6B39A77" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5CB66459232914289E962209299D2CA4">
<mods:title id="9619FCFC9C144C9EB111DDC784505903">A new species of Paretroplus (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Etroplinae) from northeastern Madagascar, with a phylogeny and revised diagnosis for the P. damii clade</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EA450712FF178D3E91F9D90EF29F776D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C0DC6D518ABFBC1C573D33D79B976AB6">
<mods:roleTerm id="5BB6DDC497C1D1E2F52383A1C1D6F258">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="45ED235C14A410B396D322DEE9B80A9A">Sparks, John S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="97534E3E3DC22AB9E68DE9771D1F5835" type="personal">
<mods:role id="922A8496FBFBE3940F0FB352B3E27ABC">
<mods:roleTerm id="423DFE0577D839F934D3061D1F3A8741">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CDAD1C01B9F8B131832F5BC3F59CDB09">Schelly, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1910C9ACA4F7E459AE901342E3E7EC3A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="39BC4E04303B277AFA38CDD337DDBCD9" type="host">
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<mods:title id="1F01F80AD4B4CF8EA050272995D7E417">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="87CDD220CE5294D8D0A7880F450222E3">
<mods:date id="092774E4DCF9B3C1F6B28F72C46FE70F">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="638CC93631998FFAFE2335E925B27844" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4CB5BEEF2E12E3131F2F8C5D316D9DDE">2768</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="8DEC134576D65F663BA12AE9A5187616" unit="page">
<mods:start id="1454A8FF15B8F2FF5046949D8F65928E">55</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="7254670C1209E0BCBED2AAF5634BE2C8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E8BE4474DC56B1C65AEDC43D5977AC6F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.204397</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3396DFAA2CAEF2D18A470A4268C1443B" type="GBIF-Dataset">cf42baf2-b107-4129-ac98-6a74ae12e066</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4E4AA5A1C8BF4E0806633DA9F860AD8C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="70C07F37AE787C1D78852B87E2181C95" type="Zenodo-Dep">204397</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1C78F4150C26695CBED8DCAACF284051" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5673938" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119389522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5673938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C78F4150C26695CBED8DCAACF284051" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C78F4150C26695CBED8DCAACF284051" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C266953BED8DCAACA3747A0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BED8DCAAC96D47C3" blockId="5.[151,551,151,210]" box="[151,551,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="CF26F26F0C266953BED8DCAAC96D47C3" bold="true" box="[151,551,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DCAAC96D47C3" bold="true" box="[151,551,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DCAACADA47C3" bold="true" box="[151,400,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8DCAACAC047C3" ID-CoL="4DLBW" box="[151,394,151,177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei" status="sp. nov.">Paretroplus loisellei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C266953BFD8DCAAC96D47C3" box="[407,551,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BED8DC87CA3747A0" blockId="5.[151,551,151,210]" box="[151,381,186,210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C266953BED8DC87CA5447A0" box="[151,286,186,210]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStart-2="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,249,1716,1739]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,249,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,1009,1694]" captionTargetBox-2="[289,1298,1070,1853]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,1009,1695]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[283,1304,1060,1862]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." captionText-2="FIGURE 7. Paretroplus loisellei: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Figures 5–7</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="D95370B80C266953BF64DC87CA3747A0" box="[299,381,186,210]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,235,543,564]" captionTargetBox="[159,1339,746,1223]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data for Paretroplus loisellei. For meristics, numerals in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined with that count, and (H) indicates count corresponding to holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C266953BED8DCC5C92E461B" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BED8DCC5C92E461B" blockId="5.[151,914,248,362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8DCC5CA44467C" ID-CoL="6HQ6" box="[151,270,248,270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DCC5CA44467C" box="[151,270,248,270]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nov. sp. “ventitry” —
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C266953BFBBDCC5C9B0467F" author="Sparks" box="[500,762,248,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Sparks, J. S. &amp; Stiassny, M. L. J. (2003) Introduction to the freshwater fishes. In: Goodman, S. M. &amp; Benstead, J. P. (Eds.), The natural history of Madagascar. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 849 - 863." type="book chapter" year="2003">Sparks and Stiassny 2003</bibRefCitation>
: Table 9.1.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8DD2ACA44465F" ID-CoL="6HQ6" box="[151,270,279,301]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DD2ACA44465F" box="[151,270,279,301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Mahanara River — de
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C266953BC50DD2BC861465E" author="Rham" box="[543,811,278,300]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Rham, P. de. &amp; Nourissat, J. - C. (2004) The endemic cichlids of Madagascar (English translation). French Cichlid Association, St. Julia, France, 191 pp." type="book" year="2004">Rham and Nourissat 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 117–118.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8DD08CA444639" ID-CoL="6HQ6" box="[151,270,309,331]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DD08CA444639" box="[151,270,309,331]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nov. sp. “ventitry” —
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C266953BFBBDD08C9B04638" author="Sparks" box="[500,762,309,331]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Sparks, J. S. &amp; Stiassny, M. L. J. (2008) Les poissons d'eaux douce. In: Goodman, S. M. (Ed.), Paysages Naturels et Biodiversite de Madagascar. Publications Scientifiques Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris, pp. 283 - 309." type="book chapter" year="2008">Sparks and Stiassny 2008</bibRefCitation>
:
<tableCitation id="D95370B80C266953BD4BDD08C81A4638" box="[772,848,309,331]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,235,543,564]" captionTargetBox="[159,1339,746,1223]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data for Paretroplus loisellei. For meristics, numerals in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined with that count, and (H) indicates count corresponding to holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8DD69CA044618" ID-CoL="4DLBR" box="[151,334,340,362]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DD69CA044618" box="[151,334,340,362]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“ventitry” — Sparks 2008.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C266953BED8DDA8C81F441D" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BED8DDA8CE0746BD" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8DDA8CA4146DF" bold="true" box="[151,267,405,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="4B6AFBA10C266953BED8DDA8CA4C46DF" box="[151,262,405,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BF55DDABCA3A46DC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[282,368,406,430]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BF30DDA8C92946DF" box="[383,611,405,429]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.516311428" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.516311428E8">251631, 142.8 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BCE6DDA8C87F46DF" box="[681,821,405,429]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: ca.
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BB14DDA8CED646DF" box="[1371,1436,405,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
northwest of Antsirabe-Nord: 13 57ʹ 18.0ʺ S, 49 56ʹ 12.0ʺ E; P. V. Loiselle and local fishermen,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BA84DD8ACE0046BD" box="[1227,1354,439,463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2001-10-31">31-X-2001</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BE8ADDE6C81F441D" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BE8ADDE6CA0E4681" bold="true" box="[197,324,475,499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="4B6AFBA10C266953BE8ADDE6CA754681" box="[197,319,475,499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BF03DDE6CAE84681" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[332,418,475,499]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BFE6DDE7C94A4680" box="[425,512,474,498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="48-12-23">231248</date>
, 3 ex., 1 ex. C&amp;S, 71.6–139.0 mm SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BD8ADDE7CF1B4680" box="[965,1105,474,498]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: main channel of Mahanara River at Antsirabe-Nord, at bridge on Route N-5: 13 38ʹ 29.4ʺ S, 49 57ʹ 48.6ʺ E; P.V. Loiselle,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BFD5DE22C9414545" box="[410,523,543,567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2000-10-09">9-X-2000</date>
. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BC74DE1DC9DB454A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[571,657,544,568]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BCD6DE22C9BA4545" box="[665,752,543,567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="57-12-23">231257</date>
, 4 ex., 1 ex. C&amp;S,
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BD83DE22CF3A4545" box="[972,1136,543,567]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.17" metricValueMax="8.85" metricValueMin="7.49" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="81.7" valueMax="88.5" valueMin="74.9">74.9–88.5 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BAE6DE22CE7F4545" box="[1193,1333,543,567]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: main channel at Antsirabe-Nord, at bridge on route N-5: 13 58ʹ 29.4ʺ S, 49 57ʹ 48.6ʺ E; P.V. Loiselle,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BFDADE58C95E450F" box="[405,532,613,637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2000-10-13">13-X-2000</date>
. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BC0EDE5BC9DD450C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[577,663,614,638]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
232457, 3 ex., 129.5–149.0 mm SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BA76DE58CF8F450F" box="[1081,1221,613,637]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: ca.
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BFF2DEBACABF45ED" box="[445,501,647,671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
northwest of Antsirabe-Nord: 13 57ʹ 18.0ʺ S, 49 56ʹ 12.0ʺ E; P.V. Loiselle and local fishermen,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BF58DE97CADC45B0" box="[279,406,682,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2001-10-31">31-X-2001</date>
. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BF87DE96C95445B1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[456,542,683,707]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
232461, 3 ex., 96.0–
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BD5ADE97C8CD45B0" box="[789,903,682,706]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.341" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="134.1">134.1 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BD8DDE97CF0445B0" box="[962,1102,682,706]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: at Antsirabe-Nord just upstream of bridge over route N-5: 13 58ʹ 29.4ʺ S, 49 57ʹ 48.6ʺ E; P. V. Loiselle and local fishermen,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BFCCDED2CAB74475" box="[387,509,751,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2001-11-01">1-XI-2001</date>
. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BC63DECDC9C8447A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[556,642,752,776]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BCC6DED2C8174475" box="[649,861,751,775]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.361451125" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.361451125E8">236145, 112.5 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BDDBDED2CF6A4475" box="[916,1056,751,775]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River, main channel at Antsirabe-Nord; P.V. Loiselle. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BD58DF2EC8274459" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[791,877,787,811]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BD3BDF2FCF024458" box="[884,1096,786,810]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.516321285" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.516321285E8">251632, 128.5 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C266953BA31DF2FCE404458" box="[1150,1290,786,810]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River, main channel at Antsirabe-Nord: 13 58ʹ 51ʺ S, 49 57ʹ 18ʺ E; P.V. Loiselle,
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BB55DF08CED2443F" box="[1306,1432,821,845]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="2007-10-18">18-X-2007</date>
. —
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BEF5DF65CA5B441D" box="[186,273,856,879]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">UMMZ</collectionCode>
<quantity id="5329E8E60C266953BF57DF6ACAA6441D" box="[280,492,855,879]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.492291071" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.492291071E8">249229, 107.1 mm</quantity>
SL; data as for
<collectionCode id="F2C0DDC60C266953BCD2DF65C9B94402" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[669,755,856,880]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
<date id="E06F63C30C266953BCB5DF6AC81B441D" box="[762,849,855,879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" value="48-12-23">231248</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C266953BE8ADF47CA004205" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BE8ADF47CA004205" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BE8ADF47CA7544E1" bold="true" box="[197,319,890,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BF92DF46C92B44E1" box="[477,609,891,915]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF92DF46C92B44E1" box="[477,609,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguished from all congeners except its sister taxon,
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BAA6DF41CE0844E1" box="[1257,1346,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
, by the presence of a triangular, black pectoral-axil patch in combination with the absence of a series of prominent vertical bars on the flank. In life, unstressed individuals of these two species can easily be distinguished from all congeners by the presence of a broad, vertical brick red or pale yellow band on the anterior half of the flank.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BAA5DFDECB98436F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BAA5DFDECB98436F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BF97D83BC97D436F" box="[472,567,1029,1053]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF97D83BC97D436F" box="[472,567,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a more or less straight gular region in lateral view (vs. rounded and convex in
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BFEAD814C9494332" box="[421,515,1064,1088]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BFEAD814C9494332" box="[421,515,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), such that the ventral margins of the preopercle and interopercle are essentially horizontal. In
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BF73D871CAFE4311" box="[316,436,1099,1123]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF73D871CAFE4311" box="[316,436,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the oral jaws are horizontally oriented (vs. strongly oblique in
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BAD0D871CFB14311" box="[1183,1275,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
), the lips are enlarged and fleshy (vs. thin in
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BFB1D853C91D43F7" box="[510,599,1133,1157]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
), and the snout is elongate and curved, creating a beaked appearance (vs. short and straight in
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF31D8ACCA9C43DA" box="[382,470,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
). The enlarged symphyseal teeth in the upper jaw possess distinct, sharp lateral cusps (vs. poorly developed and rounded in
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BC14D889C9F043B9" box="[603,698,1203,1227]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BC14D889C9F043B9" box="[603,698,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Owing to convex premaxillary pedicels,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BAFBD88ECED643B9" box="[1204,1436,1203,1227]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BAFBD88ECED643B9" box="[1204,1436,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a prominent indentation marking the transition from the dorsal margin of the premaxillary ascending process to the supraoccipital crest. The base coloration in
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BD47D8C4C8374262" box="[776,893,1272,1296]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BD47D8C4C8374262" box="[776,893,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is uniform dark brownish-gray in preservation; whereas
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BEB6D921CA1A4241" box="[249,336,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
is considerably lighter golden brown overall and frequently retains a faint, pale broad band on the anterior region of the flank.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BF9AD900C9F34227" box="[469,697,1341,1365]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF9AD900C9F34227" box="[469,697,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a distinctive bright golden breeding coloration (vs. brick red in
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BE91D95CCA7C420A" box="[222,310,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C26695FBE8AD9BFCF314686" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BE8AD9BFCFAB41FF" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BE8AD9BFCA1D42E9" bold="true" box="[197,343,1410,1435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric and meristic data presented in
<tableCitation id="D95370B80C266953BD14D9BFC8E542E8" box="[859,943,1410,1434]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,235,543,564]" captionTargetBox="[159,1339,746,1223]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data for Paretroplus loisellei. For meristics, numerals in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined with that count, and (H) indicates count corresponding to holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521">Table 1</tableCitation>
. External morphological characteristics and general pigmentation pattern in life and preservative can be observed in
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C266953BD8DD998CF6142CF" box="[962,1067,1445,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Figures 5</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C266953BA2DD998CF3942CF" box="[1122,1139,1445,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1009,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1009,1695]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">6</figureCitation>
. A relatively shallow bodied
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BE8FD9F5CA0E4292" box="[192,324,1480,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BE8FD9F5CA0E4292" box="[192,324,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belonging to the “
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BC59D9F5C9AB4292" box="[534,737,1480,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BC59D9F5C9AB4292" box="[534,737,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade” of Sparks (2008: Clade A,
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C266953BA2AD9F5CFEC4292" box="[1125,1190,1480,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,482,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[176,1411,479,1733]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Strict consensus species-level phylogeny for Paretroplus based on the simultaneous analysis of nucleotide characters and morphological transformations. Character numbers for the unambiguously optimized morphological transformations shown on the topology (restricted to the “ Paretroplus damii clade ”) correspond to those listed in the text (Results, under diagnoses). Unique and unreversed synapomorphies are indicated by solid circles and homoplasious features by open circles. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support (BS) and jackknife (JK) resampling percentages (&gt; 50 %) for each recovered node in the format of BS / JK." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204398/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), which also includes
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BED8D9D1CBB84171" box="[151,242,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BED8D9D1CBB84171" box="[151,242,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BF4FD9D1CAC64171" box="[256,396,1516,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nourissati">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BF4FD9D1CAC64171" box="[256,396,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. nourissati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BFD5D9D1C94F4171" box="[410,517,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsimoly">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BFD5D9D1C94F4171" box="[410,517,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. tsimoly</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C266953BC0DD9D1C9814171" box="[578,715,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamenabe">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C266953BC0DD9D1C9814171" box="[578,715,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. lamenabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Snout pronounced and beak-like owing to elongate and convex premaxillary ascending process. Head pointed, snout curved/convex, and predorsal profile moderately to strongly curved/convex. Prominent indentation present just anterior to orbit, owing to curved premaxillary pedicels. Dorsal body outline slightly curved, and ventral outline mostly straight, except posteriorly. Caudal peduncle short, deep, and strongly laterally compressed. No sexually dimorphic features apparent in material examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BE8ADAA5CAD041A0" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Total vertebral count 31 or 32, with formulae of: 15 + 16, 15 + 17 (mode), and 16 + 16 precaudal and caudal vertebrae, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C266953BE8ADAE3CFE7409A" blockId="5.[151,1437,405,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
Jaws isognathous and horizontally oriented. Lips of both upper and lower jaws enlarged and fleshy. Single row of anteroposteriorly flattened, spatulate, unicuspid teeth in both upper and lower jaws. Premaxillary symphyseal teeth greatly enlarged with small, yet distinct and sharp lateral cusps (i.e., weakly tricuspid); other upper jaw teeth graded in size and becoming progressively much smaller posterolaterally (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C266953BD93DB78CF6A402F" box="[988,1056,1861,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[289,1298,1070,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[283,1304,1060,1862]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paretroplus loisellei: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A). Lower-jaw teeth at symphysis reduced in size compared to adjacent lateral teeth, presumably to accommodate enlarged upper symphyseal teeth when jaws closed. Teeth flattened at crown and procumbently implanted. Teeth in upper jaw number six or seven on each side, and total 12 to 13. Teeth in lower jaw number six or seven on each side, and total 12 to 13. Teeth in both upper and lower jaws in general irregularly spaced, particularly posteriorly in both jaws.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BE8ADCA5CE174686" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Upper and lower pharyngeal tooth plates well developed and robust. Dentition on lower pharyngeal tooth plates [= lower pharyngeal jaws (LPJ) or fifth ceratobranchial tooth plates] hooked and bicuspid both laterally and anteriorly, becoming progressively enlarged medially. Molariform teeth present only posteromedially on LPJ. LPJ well sutured, with numerous interdigitating sutures on posteroventral margin. Seven to nine robust tooth plates cover majority of dorsal surface of fourth ceratobranchial bones. Fourth ceratobranchial tooth plates not confluent with outer-row gill rakers of these elements. Bases of individual tooth plates exhibit varying degree of fusion depending on the individual. Dentition on fourth ceratobranchial tooth plates unicuspid or weakly hooked and bicuspid laterally, hooked and bicuspid medially (similar to lateral LPJ dentition). Dentition on third upper pharyngobranchial tooth plates molariform only posteromedially, hooked and bicuspid laterally and anteromedially. Dentition on second pharyngobranchial tooth plates hooked and bicuspid, and arrayed in three (rarely four) rows.</paragraph>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" ID-Table-UUID="C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C0AE158B0C256950BED8DE22CF524521" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[159,1339,746,1223]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED8DE22CF524521" blockId="6.[151,1436,542,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C256950BED8DE22CA4E4546" bold="true" box="[151,260,543,564]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric and meristic data for
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C256950BC36DE22C80C4547" box="[633,838,543,565]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C256950BC36DE22C80C4547" box="[633,838,543,565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For meristics, numerals in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined with that count, and (H) indicates count corresponding to holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0DE53CFD145DC" blockId="6.[151,1436,542,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
Character N
<typeStatus id="4B6AFBA10C256950BC3EDE53C98545F6" box="[625,719,622,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Range Mean SD Standard length (mm) 15 142.8 85.9–142.8 117.5
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0DED6CE7043B5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<table id="E6D1B7A30C2596A9BED0DED7CE7143B5" box="[159,1339,746,1223]" gridcols="6" gridrows="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DED7CE714472" box="[159,1339,746,768]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DED7CAC44472" box="[159,398,746,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Percentage of SL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DF2ECE714458" box="[159,1339,787,810]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DF2ECAC44458" box="[159,398,787,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Head width (max.)</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DF2EC95C4458" box="[508,534,787,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">14</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDF2EC9D74458" box="[625,669,787,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">17.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADF2EC8814458" box="[869,971,787,810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">17.0–18.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDF2ECFDA4458" box="[1123,1168,787,810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">17.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DF2ECE714458" box="[1294,1339,787,810]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.44</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DF00CE714421" box="[159,1339,829,851]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DF00CAC44421" box="[159,398,829,851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Head length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DF00C95C4421" box="[508,534,829,851]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDF00C9D74421" box="[625,669,829,851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">31.5</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADF00C8814421" box="[869,971,829,851]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">31.5–34.5</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDF00CFDA4421" box="[1123,1168,829,851]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">32.5</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DF00CE714421" box="[1294,1339,829,851]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DF5BCE71440E" box="[159,1339,870,892]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DF5BCAC4440E" box="[159,398,870,892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Body depth</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DF5BC95C440E" box="[508,534,870,892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDF5BC9D7440E" box="[625,669,870,892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">48.7</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADF5BC881440E" box="[869,971,870,892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">46.9–52.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDF5BCFDA440E" box="[1123,1168,870,892]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">49.5</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DF5BCE71440E" box="[1294,1339,870,892]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DFADCE7144D4" box="[159,1339,912,934]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DFADCAC444D4" box="[159,398,912,934]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DFADC95C44D4" box="[508,534,912,934]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDFADC9D744D4" box="[625,669,912,934]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">8.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADFADC88144D4" box="[869,971,912,934]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">5.3–8.9</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDFADCFDA44D4" box="[1123,1168,912,934]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">7.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DFADCE7144D4" box="[1294,1339,912,934]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.90</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DF84CE7144BD" box="[159,1339,953,975]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DF84CAC444BD" box="[159,398,953,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Caudal peduncle width</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DF84C95C44BD" box="[508,534,953,975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDF84C9D744BD" box="[625,669,953,975]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">2.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADF84C88144BD" box="[869,971,953,975]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">2.5–4.5</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDF84CFDA44BD" box="[1123,1168,953,975]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">3.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DF84CE7144BD" box="[1294,1339,953,975]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0DFDFCE71448A" box="[159,1339,994,1016]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0DFDFCAC4448A" box="[159,398,994,1016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3DFDFC95C448A" box="[508,534,994,1016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3EDFDFC9D7448A" box="[625,669,994,1016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">16.0</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2ADFDFC881448A" box="[869,971,994,1016]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">14.9–17.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CDFDFCFDA448A" box="[1123,1168,994,1016]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">16.0</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41DFDFCE71448A" box="[1294,1339,994,1016]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.61</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D836CE714353" box="[159,1339,1035,1057]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D836CAC44353" box="[159,398,1035,1057]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Pectoral–fin length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D836C95C4353" box="[508,534,1035,1057]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3ED836C9D74353" box="[625,669,1035,1057]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">20.7</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD836C8814353" box="[869,971,1035,1057]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">19.3–22.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD836CFDA4353" box="[1123,1168,1035,1057]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">20.8</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D836CE714353" box="[1294,1339,1035,1057]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.02</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D808CE714339" box="[159,1339,1077,1099]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D808CAC44339" box="[159,398,1077,1099]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Pelvic–fin length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D808C95C4339" box="[508,534,1077,1099]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3ED808C9D74339" box="[625,669,1077,1099]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">20.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD808C8814339" box="[869,971,1077,1099]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">19.4–21.7</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD808CFDA4339" box="[1123,1168,1077,1099]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">20.7</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D808CE714339" box="[1294,1339,1077,1099]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">0.72</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D863CE714306" box="[159,1339,1118,1140]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D863CAC44306" box="[159,398,1118,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Pre–dorsal length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D863C95C4306" box="[508,534,1118,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3ED863C9D74306" box="[625,669,1118,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">47.1</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD863C8814306" box="[869,971,1118,1140]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">45.0–52.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD863CFDA4306" box="[1123,1168,1118,1140]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">46.9</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D863CE714306" box="[1294,1339,1118,1140]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.77</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D8B5CE7143EC" box="[159,1339,1160,1182]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D8B5CAC443EC" box="[159,398,1160,1182]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Pre–anal length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D8B5C95C43EC" box="[508,534,1160,1182]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3ED8B5C9D743EC" box="[625,669,1160,1182]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">59.4</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD8B5C88143EC" box="[869,971,1160,1182]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">59.0–62.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD8B5CFDA43EC" box="[1123,1168,1160,1182]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">60.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D8B5CE7143EC" box="[1294,1339,1160,1182]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D88CCE7143B5" box="[159,1339,1201,1223]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D88CCAC443B5" box="[159,398,1201,1223]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Pre–pelvic length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D88CC95C43B5" box="[508,534,1201,1223]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BC3ED88CC9D743B5" box="[625,669,1201,1223]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">40.1</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD88CC88143B5" box="[869,971,1201,1223]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">40.1–44.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD88CCFDA43B5" box="[1123,1168,1201,1223]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">41.8</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D88CCE7143B5" box="[1294,1339,1201,1223]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.11</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0D938CE704163" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<table id="E6D1B7A30C2596A9BED0D93ECE714163" box="[159,1339,1283,1553]" gridcols="5" gridrows="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D93ECE714268" box="[159,1339,1283,1306]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D93ECA184268" box="[159,338,1283,1306]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Percentage of HL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D910CE714231" box="[159,1339,1325,1347]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D910CA184231" box="[159,338,1325,1347]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Snout length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D910C9D44231" box="[508,670,1325,1347]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15 54.9</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD910C8814231" box="[869,971,1325,1347]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">42.3–54.9</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD910CFDA4231" box="[1123,1168,1325,1347]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">50.2</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D910CE714231" box="[1294,1339,1325,1347]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">3.75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D96BCE71421E" box="[159,1339,1366,1388]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D96BCA18421E" box="[159,338,1366,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Orbit diameter</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D96BC9D4421E" box="[508,670,1366,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15 21.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD96BC881421E" box="[869,971,1366,1388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">21.0–25.8</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD96BCFDA421E" box="[1123,1168,1366,1388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">22.4</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D96BCE71421E" box="[1294,1339,1366,1388]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D9BDCE7142E4" box="[159,1339,1408,1430]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D9BDCA1842E4" box="[159,338,1408,1430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Upper jaw length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D9BDC9D442E4" box="[508,670,1408,1430]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15 29.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD9BDC88142E4" box="[869,971,1408,1430]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">23.7–32.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD9BDCFDA42E4" box="[1123,1168,1408,1430]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">28.7</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D9BDCE7142E4" box="[1294,1339,1408,1430]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D994CE7142CD" box="[159,1339,1449,1471]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D994CA1842CD" box="[159,338,1449,1471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Lower jaw length</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D994C9D442CD" box="[508,670,1449,1471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">14 33.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD994C88142CD" box="[869,971,1449,1471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">30.5–36.6</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD994CFDA42CD" box="[1123,1168,1449,1471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">34.1</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D994CE7142CD" box="[1294,1339,1449,1471]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">1.77</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D9EFCE71429A" box="[159,1339,1490,1512]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D9EFCA18429A" box="[159,338,1490,1512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Interorbital width</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D9EFC9D4429A" box="[508,670,1490,1512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15 36.0</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD9EFC881429A" box="[869,971,1490,1512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">31.9–40.1</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD9EFCFDA429A" box="[1123,1168,1490,1512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">35.4</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D9EFCE71429A" box="[1294,1339,1490,1512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">2.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AE147410C2596A9BED0D9C6CE714163" box="[159,1339,1531,1553]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<th id="69302E3D0C2596A9BED0D9C6CA184163" box="[159,338,1531,1553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Preorbital depth</th>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BFB3D9C6C9D44163" box="[508,670,1531,1553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">15 35.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BD2AD9C6C8814163" box="[869,971,1531,1553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">27.0–36.1</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BA2CD9C6CFDA4163" box="[1123,1168,1531,1553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">32.3</td>
<td id="69302E3D0C2596A9BB41D9C6CE714163" box="[1294,1339,1531,1553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">2.91</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0DA73C86B41CA" blockId="6.[159,1395,1614,1885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Caudal peduncle length/width 15 2.5 1.6–2.7 2.2 0.31 Caudal peduncle length/depth 15 0.5 0.3–0.5 0.4 0.05 Scales in lateral line 15 38 (8) (H), 39 (7)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0DAF7C86B4193" blockId="6.[159,1395,1614,1885]" box="[159,801,1738,1761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Gill rakers (lower limb 1st arch) 14 12 (5), 13 (9) (H)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C256950BED0DACECFD8402F" blockId="6.[159,1395,1614,1885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
Vertebrae (precaudal + caudal) 15 15 + 16 = 31 (2), 15 + 17 = 32 (12) (H), 16 + 16 = 32 (1) Dorsal fin 15 XVIII 12 (1) (H), XIX 12 (7), XIX 13 (2), XX 11 (1), XX 12 (3), XX 13 (1) Anal fin
<date id="E06F63C30C256950BFB3DB7BC9F6402E" box="[508,700,1862,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" value="2010-08-15">15 VIII 10</date>
(1),
<date id="E06F63C30C256950BCA2DB7AC851402E" box="[749,795,1863,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">IX 9</date>
(1) (H),
<date id="E06F63C30C256950BD3BDB7AC8E4402E" box="[884,942,1863,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" value="2010-09">IX 10</date>
(7),
<date id="E06F63C30C256950BD90DB7ACF52402E" box="[991,1048,1863,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" value="1911-09">IX 11</date>
(3),
<date id="E06F63C30C256950BA06DB7ACF24402E" box="[1097,1134,1863,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">X 9</date>
(3)
</paragraph>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C246951BED8DFB7CB9744CD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="946E45030C246951BED8DFB7CB9744CD" blockId="7.[151,1436,906,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C246951BED8DFB7CA5844D2" bold="true" box="[151,274,906,929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C246951BF56DFB7CAA744D2" box="[281,493,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C246951BF56DFB7CAA344D2" box="[281,489,906,928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei" status="sp. nov.">Paretroplus loisellei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C246951BFBBDFB6C92444D2" box="[500,622,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C246951BED8DA89CB97419B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1436,1009,1694]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="946E45030C246951BED8DA89CB97419B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1716,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C246951BED8DA89CA5841BB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1716,1739]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C246951BF56DA89CAA441B8" box="[281,494,1716,1738]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C246951BF56DA89CAA041B8" box="[281,490,1716,1738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei" status="sp. nov.">Paretroplus loisellei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C246951BFBBDA88C93B41B8" box="[500,625,1716,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="946E45030C246951BE8ADB2BCA3340EB" blockId="7.[151,1437,1814,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Twelve or 13 (mode) triangular and moderately elongate gill rakers arrayed along lower limb of first gill arch. Rakers of first arch weakly denticulate dorsomedially. All other lower-limb rakers (i.e., those on gill arches 2 through 4) short, triangular in shape (not spherical), and strongly denticulate dorsally. Epibranchial rakers elongate, numbering 11 to 12.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C24695EBE8ADB9BC83A46DE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1814,2017]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1007]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Body covered with large, regularly imbricate, cycloid scales. Caudal margin (= posterior field) of flank scales thin, unossified and lacking circuli, creating a thin, flexible “flap”. Well-developed ridges of scales (= scale sheathing, Sparks 2008) present along dorsal- and anal-fin bases. Scale ridges free from spiny dorsal and anal fins, but becoming weakly attached to both soft dorsal and anal fins, such that three or four rows of smaller scales present caudally on both soft dorsal and anal fins. Numerous rows of smaller scales extend onto caudal fin, posterior of hypural flexure, for approximately 1/3 of its length. Pelvic axillary scale well developed and elongate. Lateral-line scales number 38 (mode) or 39. Chest scales reduced in size and embedded, with scales along ventrum extremely reduced in size. Four to five rows of scales on cheek. Opercle, subopercle, and interopercle fully scaled. Snout, lacrimal, and rostral portion of interorbital region asquamate. Preopercle asquamate ventrally, scaled only on anterodorsal portion of shaft where posteriormost cheek scales overlap.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C2B695EBE8ADD8ACE2F452D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Dorsal fin with XVIII–XX spines and 11–13 soft rays. Anal fin with VIII–X spines and 9–11 soft rays. Origin of dorsal fin at level of vertical through pectoral-fin insertion at its dorsal insertion point. Caudal fin weakly emarginate. Upper and lower lobes quite broad and rounded. Pectoral fin large, broad, and rounded at distal margin. Distal margins of soft dorsal and anal fins becoming increasingly pointed in larger specimens. Distal margins of both fins extend well past caudal origin. Pelvic fin extending to about level of anal-fin origin or just beyond origin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C2B695EBE8ADE56C9EE449D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBE8ADE56C86E45F6" bold="true" box="[197,804,619,644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Miscellaneous osteology and gas bladder anatomy.</emphasis>
Members of
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2B695EBDF1DE51CFC045F6" box="[958,1162,620,644]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBDF1DE51CFC045F6" box="[958,1162,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade (Clade A) exhibit most structurally complex anterior gas bladder diverticula and associated bullae within
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2B695EBACFDEB2CFBE45D5" box="[1152,1268,655,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Etroplinae">Etroplinae</taxonomicName>
(Sparks 2008:
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2B695EBED8DE89CB9645BE" box="[151,220,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1453,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,752,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,741,1435]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paretroplus n. sp. “ anjingo ”, UMMZ 235021, 145.0 mm SL, Anjingo River, northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204406/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B). Expansive and complex exoccipital foramina present, with posterolateral chamber. Paired anterior gas bladder bullae with tough and thickened tunica externa, anteriormost chambers firmly lodged in exoccipital recesses that comprise multiple internal chambers. Excavation (= supraoccipital notch of
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C2B695EBAE4DEC1CEDF4466" author="Stiassny" box="[1195,1429,764,788]" pageId="8" pageNumber="68" refString="Stiassny, M. L. J., Chakrabarty, P. &amp; Loiselle, P. V. (2001) Relationships of the Madagascan cichlid genus Paretroplus Bleeker 1868, with description of a new species from the Betsiboka River drainage of northwestern Madagascar. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 12, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">
Stiassny
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBB5BDEC0CE1A4466" box="[1300,1360,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
) along posterior margin of supraoccipital generally poorly developed (shallow or narrow) or small and rounded. Supraoccipital extending anteriorly over median frontal pores of neurocranium (NLF0 of
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C2B695EBACDDF79CE09442E" author="Barel" box="[1154,1347,836,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" refString="Barel, C. D. N., van Oijen, M. J. P., Witte, F. &amp; Witte-Maas, E. (1977) An introduction to the taxonomy and morphology of the haplochromine Cichlidae from Lake Victoria. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 27, 333 - 389." type="journal article" year="1977">
Barel
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBA89DF78CFB5442E" box="[1222,1279,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
1977
</bibRefCitation>
). Lacrimal comprising two “plates” - lacrimal proper (= anterior plate; IO1) and plate-like “primitive second infraorbital” (= IO2) of
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C2B695EBF57DFB2CA9B44D5" author="Cichocki" box="[280,465,911,935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="68" refString="Cichocki, F. P. (1976) Cladistic history of cichlid fishes and reproductive strategies of the American genera Acarichthys, Biotodoma, and Geophagus. Vol. 1. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor." type="book" year="1976">Cichocki (1976)</bibRefCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2B695EBFADDFB2C96244D5" box="[482,552,911,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[289,1298,1070,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[283,1304,1060,1862]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paretroplus loisellei: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B). Anterior lacrimal plate anteroventrally expanded and paddle-shaped, with elongate lateral line canals bearing constricted foramina (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2B695EBD6BDF8FC83E44B8" box="[804,884,946,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2B695EBDD4DF8FC8E044B8" box="[923,938,946,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[289,1298,1070,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[283,1304,1060,1862]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paretroplus loisellei: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">7</figureCitation>
B). Shared marginal canal between lacrimal plates, IO1 and IO2, greatly reduced or absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C2B695EBED8DB5ECF0240EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[289,1298,1070,1853]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="946E45030C2B695EBED8DB5ECF0240EA" blockId="8.[151,1435,1891,1944]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBED8DB5ECA59400B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1891,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2B695EBF56DB5ECAAD400B" box="[281,487,1891,1913]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2B695EBF56DB5ECAAD400B" box="[281,487,1891,1913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C&amp;S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C&amp;S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695FBE8ADCAAC8A3464D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADCAACAD347C2" bold="true" box="[197,409,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
Base body coloration golden brown, grayish, or dark grayish-black (de
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C2A695FBA87DCAACB9947A6" author="Rham" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" refString="Rham, P. de. &amp; Nourissat, J. - C. (2004) The endemic cichlids of Madagascar (English translation). French Cichlid Association, St. Julia, France, 191 pp." type="book" year="2004">Rham &amp; Nourissat 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 114–117). Triangular black patch present in pectoral-fin axil and extending dorsal to pectoral-fin base. Unpaired fins olive-grey to grayish-black. Pectoral fin brown to grayish-black. Pelvic fin gray, grayish-black, or black. Breeding coloration bright golden yellow (see color image in de
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C2A695FBDF6DD39CF84466E" author="Rham" box="[953,1230,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" refString="Rham, P. de. &amp; Nourissat, J. - C. (2004) The endemic cichlids of Madagascar (English translation). French Cichlid Association, St. Julia, France, 191 pp." type="book" year="2004">Rham &amp; Nourissat 2004</bibRefCitation>
), particularly ventral to dorsal midline, not brick red as in
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBC2FDD14C9F24632" box="[608,696,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
(P. Loiselle, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695FBE8ADD76CF314686" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADD76CAB54616" bold="true" box="[197,511,331,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Coloration in preservative</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2A695FBC40DD71C9304616" box="[527,634,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Figures 5</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2A695FBCD0DD71C9E44616" box="[671,686,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1009,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1009,1695]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">6</figureCitation>
). Dark grayish brown to dark rusty brown; body somewhat darker dorsally, particularly along base of dorsal fin and dorsal portion of head. Triangular black patch characteristic of clade present in pectoral-fin axil and extending dorsal to pectoral-fin base (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2A695FBDA8DDA9CF6646DE" box="[999,1068,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Lips pale yellow to light olive, particularly ventrally. Dorsal margin and posterior portion of upper lip dark gray to grayish-black. Unpaired fins gray to grayish-black. Pectoral fin pale yellow to olive. Pelvic fin grayish-black to black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C2A695FBE8ADDC2CAF0419D" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695FBE8ADDC2CF8945F6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADDC2CAB8456A" bold="true" box="[197,498,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
The new species has only been collected from the middle reaches of the eastward draining Mahanara River, located to the north of Sambava near the town of Antsirabe-Nord, northeastern
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C2A695FBB61DE19CBF3452D" name="Madagascar" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2A695FBE84DE7ACA58452D" box="[203,274,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1654,1677]" captionTargetBox="[287,1300,697,1632]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[287,1300,697,1633]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Map of northern Madagascar, illustrating the approximate geographic ranges for Paretroplus loisellei (black circle), P. damii (light gray shading), and P. n. sp. “ anjingo ” (dark gray shading)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
, black circle). Local inhabitants report the occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBDE0DE74CF6C4512" box="[943,1062,584,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBDE0DE74CF6C4512" box="[943,1062,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in adjacent basins; however, no specimens have been collected outside of the Mahanara River to date (P. Loiselle, pers. comm.)
</paragraph>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C2A695FBED8DA4BC8FA41D9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[287,1300,697,1632]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695FBED8DA4BC8FA41D9" blockId="9.[151,1436,1654,1707]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBED8DA4BCA5941F9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1654,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Map of northern Madagascar, illustrating the approximate geographic ranges for
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBA13DA4BCE6141FE" box="[1116,1323,1654,1676]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBA13DA4BCE6141FE" box="[1116,1323,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Paretroplus loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black circle),
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBE86DAABCA5641D9" box="[201,284,1685,1707]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE86DAABCA5641D9" box="[201,284,1685,1707]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(light gray shading), and
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBC6EDAABC97841D9" box="[545,562,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBC75DAA8C93941D8" bold="true" box="[570,627,1685,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">n. sp.</emphasis>
“anjingo” (dark gray shading).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695FBE8ADAE5CAF0419D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1752,2027]" box="[197,442,1752,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADAE5CA1D4182" bold="true" box="[197,343,1752,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Local name.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBF11DAE5CAF8419D" box="[350,434,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Ve n ti tr y</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCCB16880C2A695CBE8ADAC1CF284051" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="946E45030C2A695CBE8ADAC1CF44466E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1752,2027]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,716]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADAC1CA014066" bold="true" box="[197,331,1788,1812]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named in honor of Dr. Paul V. Loiselle, Emeritus Curator of Freshwater Fishes at the New York Aquarium (WCS), for directing our attention to this new taxon, and in appreciation of his efforts to document, preserve, and educate the public regarding Madagascar’s unique and severely threatened freshwater ichthyofauna.
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBE8ADB5AC96C40F2" bold="true" box="[197,550,1895,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Relationships and discussion.</emphasis>
Clade D, including
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBD5FDB55C8CD400D" box="[784,903,1895,1919]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBD5FDB55C8CD400D" box="[784,903,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C2A695FBDD9DB55CF68400D" box="[918,1058,1895,1919]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBA2FDB55CFF3400D" box="[1120,1209,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
is recovered as the sister taxon to a clade comprising
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBC5CDBB0C93140D6" box="[531,635,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. t s i m o l y</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBCC5DBB0C85F40D6" box="[650,789,1933,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nourissati">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBCC5DBB0C85F40D6" box="[650,789,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. nourissati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C2A695FBD1DDBB0C89040D6" box="[850,986,1932,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamenabe">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C2A695FBD1DDBB0C89040D6" box="[850,986,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">P. lamenabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C2A695FBDA7DBB6CF6040D1" box="[1000,1066,1931,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,482,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[176,1411,479,1733]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Strict consensus species-level phylogeny for Paretroplus based on the simultaneous analysis of nucleotide characters and morphological transformations. Character numbers for the unambiguously optimized morphological transformations shown on the topology (restricted to the “ Paretroplus damii clade ”) correspond to those listed in the text (Results, under diagnoses). Unique and unreversed synapomorphies are indicated by solid circles and homoplasious features by open circles. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support (BS) and jackknife (JK) resampling percentages (&gt; 50 %) for each recovered node in the format of BS / JK." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204398/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
): Clade N. Members of the latter clade are readily distinguished from the former two species by the presence of two prominent and converging midlateral bands (several fainter bands are also present on the flank) and elongate nasal bones, features that are lacking in
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBEFCDCA4CA6D47C2" box="[179,295,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBEFCDCA4CA6D47C2" box="[179,295,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF12DCA4CAFE47C2" box="[349,436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
(compare
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBC60DCAAC93147DD" box="[559,635,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1340,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1340,1959]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paretroplus damii, syntype, RMNH 3939, 69.2 mm SL, satellite island of Nosy Be, Lake Ampombilava (= Lacus Pambilao), northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204399/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBCD1DCAAC9E647DD" box="[670,684,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,879,902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,858]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paretroplus damii, UMMZ 235023, 178.5 mm SL, large adult, Andranomaloto River (= tributary of Mananjeba River), northern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">3</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBCADDCAAC9BA47DD" box="[738,752,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">5</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD5CDCAAC86947DD" box="[787,803,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1009,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1009,1695]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">6</figureCitation>
, with
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD27DCAAC8E647DD" box="[872,940,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1670,1693]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,974,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,960,1649]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paretroplus lamenabe, holotype, MHNG 2676.30, 168.5 mm SL, Mahajamba River, northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204401/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Members of the “
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBACBDCA5CE0447C2" box="[1156,1358,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBACBDCA5CE0447C2" box="[1156,1358,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade” of Sparks (2008), comprising
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBFBBDC80C90547A6" box="[500,591,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBC2BDC80C99947A6" box="[612,723,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsimoly">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBC2BDC80C99947A6" box="[612,723,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. tsimoly</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBCABDC80C83947A6" box="[740,883,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nourissati">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBCABDC80C83947A6" box="[740,883,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. nourissati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBDCBDC80CF5B47A6" box="[900,1041,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamenabe">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBDCBDC80CF5B47A6" box="[900,1041,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. lamenabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBA1ADC80CF8747A6" box="[1109,1229,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBA1ADC80CF8747A6" box="[1109,1229,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C29695CBA91DC80CE2047A6" box="[1246,1386,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, are united by the shared presence of five unambiguously optimized apomorphic morphological features [See
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBB72DCE2CBFF466E" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis</emphasis>
for “Clade D:
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBF2DDD39C966466E" box="[354,556,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF2DDD39C966466E" box="[354,556,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group” above, and Sparks (2008)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="946E45030C29695CBE8ADD1ACF7445BE" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Interestingly, our phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of yet another novel taxon within this clade, referred to herein as
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBFC2DD70CAD54616" box="[397,415,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBFE3DD71CAA44616" bold="true" box="[428,494,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">n. sp.</emphasis>
“anjingo” (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBC36DD71C98B4616" box="[633,705,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1453,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,752,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,741,1435]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paretroplus n. sp. “ anjingo ”, UMMZ 235021, 145.0 mm SL, Anjingo River, northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
), which is endemic to the Anjingo and Ankofia river drainage basins, including Lac Andrapongy, in northwestern
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBC93DD52C82946F5" box="[732,867,367,391]" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD3CDD52C8F246F5" box="[883,952,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1654,1677]" captionTargetBox="[287,1300,697,1632]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[287,1300,697,1633]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Map of northern Madagascar, illustrating the approximate geographic ranges for Paretroplus loisellei (black circle), P. damii (light gray shading), and P. n. sp. “ anjingo ” (dark gray shading)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204405/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBD81DD4DCF1B46FA" box="[974,1105,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBD81DD4DCF1B46FA" box="[974,1105,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C29695CBA16DD4DCFD246FA" box="[1113,1176,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" rank="species">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBA16DD4DCFD246FA" bold="true" box="[1113,1176,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
“anjingo” is recovered as the sister taxon to the clade comprising
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBC33DDA8C99E46DE" box="[636,724,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. d a m i i</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBD5EDDA8C8CC46DE" box="[785,902,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBD5EDDA8C8CC46DE" box="[785,902,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares the four apomorphic features that distinguish this group from Clade N: absence of a darkly pigmented vertical barring pattern; a characteristically uniform brown (grayish-, reddish-, or golden-brown) overall coloration as adults (unstressed individuals may exhibit a broad golden yellow to reddish band on the anterior flank); absence of broad, converging black midlateral bars; small lateral cusps on the two enlarged symphyseal teeth in the upper jaw, such that these teeth are weakly tricuspid.
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBF2DDE75CACB4512" box="[354,385,584,608]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">As</collectingCountry>
noted by Sparks (2008) and communicated by P. Loiselle (pers. comm.), specimens historically assigned to
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBF14DE50CAFD45F6" box="[347,439,620,644]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF14DE50CAFD45F6" box="[347,439,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBF88DE51C94645F6" box="[455,524,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1340,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1340,1959]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paretroplus damii, syntype, RMNH 3939, 69.2 mm SL, satellite island of Nosy Be, Lake Ampombilava (= Lacus Pambilao), northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204399/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), as well as populations of morphologically similar fishes recently discovered in extreme northern and northeastern
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBC53DEB2C9E945D5" box="[540,675,655,679]" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBCFDDEB2C84A45D5" box="[690,768,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,879,902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,858]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paretroplus damii, UMMZ 235023, 178.5 mm SL, large adult, Andranomaloto River (= tributary of Mananjeba River), northern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD43DEB2C85645D5" box="[780,796,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,249,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,884]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,885]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, holotype, AMNH 251631, 142.8 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204402/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD67DEB2C87C45D5" box="[808,822,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1009,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1009,1695]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paretroplus loisellei, new species, paratype, AMNH 251632, 128.5 mm SL, Mahanara River, northeastern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204403/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">6</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBD17DEB2C82245D5" box="[856,872,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1453,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,752,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,741,1435]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paretroplus n. sp. “ anjingo ”, UMMZ 235021, 145.0 mm SL, Anjingo River, northwestern Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">9</figureCitation>
), were hypothesized to represent possibly as many as three distinct species, a result corroborated by our phylogenetic analysis (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBDA3DE89CF6745BE" box="[1004,1069,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,482,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[176,1411,479,1733]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Strict consensus species-level phylogeny for Paretroplus based on the simultaneous analysis of nucleotide characters and morphological transformations. Character numbers for the unambiguously optimized morphological transformations shown on the topology (restricted to the “ Paretroplus damii clade ”) correspond to those listed in the text (Results, under diagnoses). Unique and unreversed synapomorphies are indicated by solid circles and homoplasious features by open circles. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support (BS) and jackknife (JK) resampling percentages (&gt; 50 %) for each recovered node in the format of BS / JK." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204398/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="C0AE158B0C29695CBED8D990CE7B42B1" box="[151,1329,1453,1476]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[151,1436,752,1434]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="946E45030C29695CBED8D990CE7B42B1" blockId="10.[151,1329,1453,1476]" box="[151,1329,1453,1476]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBED8D990CA5842B1" bold="true" box="[151,274,1453,1476]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBF57D993CAC542B6" box="[280,399,1454,1476]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF57D993CAC542B6" box="[280,399,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD96246A0C29695CBFD9D993CA8542B1" box="[406,463,1454,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" rank="species">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBFD9D993CA8542B1" bold="true" box="[406,463,1454,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
“anjingo”, UMMZ 235021, 145.0 mm SL, Anjingo River, northwestern Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="946E45030C29695CBE8AD9D1CF284051" blockId="10.[151,1436,1515,1827]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
It is also worth noting that an identical biogeographic pattern is recovered for the endemic
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBA95D9D6CE0D4171" box="[1242,1351,1515,1539]" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
cichlid genus
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBEAFDA32CACD4155" box="[224,391,1551,1575]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBEAFDA32CACD4155" box="[224,391,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with distinct species exhibiting the same geographic ranges as
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBA10DA32CE614155" box="[1119,1323,1551,1575]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="damii">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBA10DA32CE614155" box="[1119,1323,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus damii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(viz.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBB22DA2DCAF84139" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligacanthus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBB22DA2DCAF84139" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Ptychochromis oligacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBF84DA09C90B4139" box="[459,577,1587,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF84DA09C90B4139" box="[459,577,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBC1CDA09C9944139" box="[595,734,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Pty.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBCC9DA0EC9944139" box="[646,734,1587,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">loisellei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
), and
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBD65DA09C8764139" box="[810,828,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBD08DA0EC8CA4139" bold="true" box="[839,896,1587,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">n. sp</emphasis>
. “anjingo” (
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBA40DA09CFE44139" box="[1039,1198,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Pty.
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBA0CDA09CFE44139" box="[1091,1198,1588,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">inornatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C29695CBA87DA0ECE104139" author="Sparks" box="[1224,1370,1587,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" refString="Sparks, J. S. (2002) Ptychochromis inornatus, a new cichlid (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from northwestern Madagascar, with a discussion of intrageneric variation in Ptychochromis. Copeia, 2002, 120 - 130." type="journal article" year="2002">Sparks 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C29695CBB28DA0ECADF411D" author="Stiassny" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" refString="Stiassny, M. L. J. &amp; Sparks, J. S. (2006) Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the endemic Malagasy cichlid genus Ptychochromis (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with the description of five new species and a diagnosis for Katria, new genus. American Museum Novitates, 3535, 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="2006">Stiassny &amp; Sparks 2006</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBFE6DA6ACABB411D" box="[425,497,1623,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,482,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[176,1411,479,1733]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Strict consensus species-level phylogeny for Paretroplus based on the simultaneous analysis of nucleotide characters and morphological transformations. Character numbers for the unambiguously optimized morphological transformations shown on the topology (restricted to the “ Paretroplus damii clade ”) correspond to those listed in the text (Results, under diagnoses). Unique and unreversed synapomorphies are indicated by solid circles and homoplasious features by open circles. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support (BS) and jackknife (JK) resampling percentages (&gt; 50 %) for each recovered node in the format of BS / JK." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204398/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The Anjingo/Ankofia drainage basin is characterized by a highly endemic ichthyofauna (
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C29695CBF78DA46CA8D41E1" author="Sparks" box="[311,455,1659,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" refString="Sparks, J. S. (2005) Northwestern basins. In: Thieme, M. L., Abell, R., Stiassny, M. L. J., Lehner, B., Skelton, P., Teugals, G., Dinerstein, E., Kamdem Toham, A., Burgess, N. &amp; Olson, D. (Eds.), Freshwater ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar. A conservation assessment. Island Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 311 - 312." type="book chapter" year="2005">Sparks 2005</bibRefCitation>
), and is also home to an endemic aplocheiloid killifish (
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBA79DA46CE2F41E1" box="[1078,1381,1659,1683]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aplocheilidae" genus="Pachypanchax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sparksorum">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBA79DA46CE2F41E1" box="[1078,1381,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Pachypanchax sparksorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBB32DA46CED641E1" box="[1405,1436,1659,1683]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">As</collectingCountry>
for
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBE8FDAA2CA0E41C5" box="[192,324,1695,1719]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBE8FDAA2CA0E41C5" box="[192,324,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Paretroplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBF32DAA2C96E41C5" box="[381,548,1695,1719]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBF32DAA2C96E41C5" box="[381,548,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a distinct killifish species (
<taxonomicName id="53D13E800C29695CBD2ADAA2CFDE41C5" box="[869,1172,1695,1719]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aplocheilidae" genus="Pachypanchax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="omalonotus">
<emphasis id="A6A599110C29695CBD2ADAA2CFDE41C5" box="[869,1172,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Pachypanchax omalonotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) occurs to the north of the Anjingo/Ankofia basin in the Sambirano River and on the satellite island of
<collectingCountry id="ECC605930C29695CBA6EDAF9CF1641AE" box="[1057,1116,1732,1756]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Be (
<bibRefCitation id="F04038F20C29695CBADCDAFECE7B41A9" author="Loiselle" box="[1171,1329,1731,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" refString="Loiselle, P. V. (2006) A review of the Malagasy Pachypanchax (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae), with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa, 1366, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2006">Loiselle 2006</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="0CEA59860C29695CBB06DAFECEC441A9" box="[1353,1422,1731,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[289,1298,1070,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[283,1304,1060,1862]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paretroplus loisellei: A. AMNH 231248, 85.8 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right premaxilla in medial view. B. AMNH 231257, 74.9 mm SL, C &amp; S, isolated right infraorbital (= circumorbital) series in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204404/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). The biogeographic disjunction between the Anjingo/Ankofia River system and the Sambirano River directly to the north is intriguing and worth investigating for other aquatic, as well as terrestrial, taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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