273 lines
27 KiB
XML
273 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.76677" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9317a364-c02a-46d8-b2f0-c076cefb5079" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191943070" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-1-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="93420E5583855C58A9BC6AECC80F6B60" ID-ZooBank="CA75C8DB013E42D3920F654890CAFCAC" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EE84FF4-0803-487E-8997-97C7097007E2" ModsDocID="1860-0743-98-1-1" checkinTime="1641658284884" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pett, Brogan L., Rubio, Gonzalo D. & Perger, Robert" docDate="2022" docId="DC0F4F86839A500E8426FC38E2189D8D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 98(1): 1-11" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (1)" docPubDate="2022-01-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.76677" docTitle="Grismadox karugua Pett & Rubio & Perger 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9EE84FF4-0803-487E-8997-97C7097007E2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="93420E5583855C58A9BC6AECC80F6B60" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="93420E5583855C58A9BC6AECC80F6B60" masterDocTitle="Grismadox gen. nov., a new Neotropical genus of ant-resembling spiders (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), including the description of two new species from Bolivia and Paraguay" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1641664037422" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Grismadox gen. nov., a new Neotropical genus of ant-resembling spiders (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), including the description of two new species from Bolivia and Paraguay</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pett, Brogan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0461-3715</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Coleccion Cientifica Para La Tierra, 321 Mariscal Estigarribia, Pilar, Neembucu, Paraguay & Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR 10 9 FE, UK & SpiDivERse, Biodiversity Inventory for Conservation (BINCO), Walmersumstraat 44, 3380 Glabbeek, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">brogan.pett@outlook.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rubio, Gonzalo D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-2980</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina & Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Cerro Azul (EEA CA, INTA), Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perger, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-9638</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna, La Paz, Bolivia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-01-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>98</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>11</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.76677</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.76677</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-0743-1-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">CA75C8DB013E42D3920F654890CAFCAC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">93420E5583855C58A9BC6AECC80F6B60</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191943070" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EE84FF4-0803-487E-8997-97C7097007E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC0F4F86839A500E8426FC38E2189D8D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9EE84FF4-0803-487E-8997-97C7097007E2" authority="Pett & Rubio & Perger, 2022" authorityName="Pett & Rubio & Perger" authorityYear="2022" family="Corinnidae" genus="Grismadox" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grismadox karugua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karugua" status="sp. nov.">Grismadox karugua</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2-7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8-11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: ♀ • Paraguay:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
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, Estancia Santa Ana,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.9" value="-26.838028">26°50'16.9"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.7" value="-58.028526">58°01'42.7"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 07.ii.2020-13.ii.2020, Pitfall traps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Grassland”">"Grassland"</normalizedToken>
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, Brogan L. Pett & Rufus Wyer leg. (CIPLT-Ar 302).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Paraguay• 1♀;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
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, Estancia Santa Ana, 30.i.2020-06.ii.2020, co-ordinates same as HT, Pitfall traps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Grassland”">"Grassland"</normalizedToken>
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, Brogan L. Pett & Rufus Wyer leg. (CIPLT-Ar 300_A). • 1♂
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
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, Pilar Military Base,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="28.3" value="-26.841194">26°50'28.3"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.6" value="-58.31211">58°18'43.6"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 28.i.2020-16.ii.220, Pitfall traps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Grassland”">"Grassland"</normalizedToken>
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, Brogan L. Pett & Rufus Wyer leg. (CIPLT-Ar 305).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Separated from congeners by: embolus that coils four times (vs. three, four-and-a-half, or five) (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
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); embolic apex translucent and relatively blunt (vs. sharp and sclerotized); obvious constriction between ST I and ST II (vs. absent or moderate) (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
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); carapace color dark brown to black (with greyish tinge, orangish or yellowish in congeners) (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
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); coxae II and III light in both sexes (II-IV light in females of
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. mazaxoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mazaxoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. mazaxoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comb. nov. and
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. mboitui" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mboitui">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. mboitui</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comb. nov., female of
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. baueri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="baueri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. baueri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. not known) (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2-5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
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); tibia I spines 3-3 (2-2 or 3-2 in congeners).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The species epithet is a noun in apposition, and refers to the Guarani word for Wetland "
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pett & Rubio & Perger" authorityYear="2022" family="Corinnidae" genus="Grismadox" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grismadox karugua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karugua">Grismadox karugua</taxonomicName>
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". This refers to the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
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wetland complex, where the species was discovered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female holotype.</emphasis>
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Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2-7</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements</emphasis>
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: TL 5.83, CL 2.64, CW 1.30, CH 0.92, CI 49, AL 3.19 (incl. pedicel), AW 1.58, AI 50, SL 1.04, SW 0.59, SI 57. Legs. I: 1.18, 0.43, 1.04, 0.86, 0.65. II: 0.97, 0.32, 0.73, 0.76, 0.59. III: 1.05, 0.38, 0.89, 0.97, 0.57. IV: 1.50, 0.54, 1.43, 1.38, 0.76. Eyes. AME 0.10, ALE 0.09, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
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: Carapace dark brown with heavy black mottling, light orange mottling posteriorly and anteriorly but not medially. Sparse short white setae present in a chevron converging and reaching highest concentration just anterior to the fovea. Base of chelicerae darkest part of cephalothorax. Legs dark orange to brown, granulate. Coxa I and IV dark brown, II and III pale. Sternum orangish-brown with mottled black patches. Abdomen uniform black, with deep red- brown on epigastric sclerite. Rings of white feathery setae in constriction groove and just posterior to epigastric sclerite.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carapace</emphasis>
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: Generally ovoid, longer than wide by about 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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. Highest point at posterior foveal bump, sloping proximally toward base in lateral view. In dorsal view, carapace moderately truncated anteriorly, with weak curve around cephalic region.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sternum</emphasis>
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: Distinctly shield-shaped, granulated, widest between coxa I and II. Anterior ridge truncated.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eyes</emphasis>
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: Anterior eye row moderately recurved, with ALEs and AMEs less than half an AME diameter apart. Posterior eye row nearly straight in frontal view, clearly recurved in dorsal view, PMEs smallest.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
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: Femora with strong, long dorsal spine. Femoral spine IV longer than femoral spine III, III longer than II, and femoral spine on leg I with damaged spines on both legs. However, in paratype female spine of F II larger than spine F I.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chelicerae</emphasis>
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: Small lateral condyle. Two teeth on retromargin, distal tooth larger. Promargin with two teeth, distal tooth much larger than teeth on retromargin and other promarginal tooth, basal tooth about 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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distal tooth width away from distal tooth and much smaller. Strong promarginal rake setae obscure fang and cheliceral furrow teeth.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Twice as long as it is wide, dorsal scutum convex and covering between 1/4 and 2/3 of abdomen, shiny and granulated. Second pair of pedicellate setae sclerotized into pair of straight spines at anterior part of scutum, running subparallel to bulbous part of scutum. Clear constriction of abdomen around 1/3 of length, distinct when viewed laterally, ring of white longitudinally flattened short feathery setae in region of constriction, almost absent dorsomedially, densest venterolaterally. Another ring of short feathery white feathery setae present just posterior to spines at the dorsal scutum. Ventral sclerite absent, pale outline of venter clearly not concolorous with rest of abdomen. Concentrated patches of short, fluffy white setae in anterolateral corners of epigastric furrow. Inframamillary sclerite very small, dark brown, epigastric sclerite anteriorly forming petiole, dark brown to black, with moderately lighter orange and red mottling.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Epigyne</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 7. Grismadox karugua sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus. 2. Micrograph dorsal; 3. Micrograph lateral; 4. Drawing lateral; 5. Drawing dorsal. Figs 6, 7. cleared female epigyne. 6. Ventral; 7. Dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epigynal plate relatively small. Epigyne with widely spaced copulatory openings anterior to ST. CD horn-like, travelling medially first before reaching spermathecae, CD then tapering laterally from midpoint. ST II touching medially, spherical and diverging posterolaterally into ST I. ST I much smaller and oval, projected laterally, FD arising at ST I anteromedially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures2-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 2–7" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 2-7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pett & Rubio & Perger" authorityYear="2022" family="Corinnidae" genus="Grismadox" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grismadox karugua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karugua">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Grismadox karugua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. female holotype (CIPLT-Ar 302) habitus.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Micrograph dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3.</emphasis>
|
||
Micrograph lateral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawing lateral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawing dorsal. Figs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6, 7.</emphasis>
|
||
cleared female epigyne.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 8–11" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 8-11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. karugua" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karugua">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. karugua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10.</emphasis>
|
||
Pedipalp ventral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11.</emphasis>
|
||
Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leg spination</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
I: F = pl1 d1, Ti = v = 3-3 (plv3 rlv3), mt = 2-2 (plv 2 rlv 2). II: F = d2, Ti = 3-3 (plv3 rlv3), mt = 2-2 (plv2 rlv2). III: F = d2, pl1, P = d1, Ti = d1 pl2 rl1, mt = 2-2-2-2 (pl2 rl2 plv2 rlv2) 1 distal whorl, IV: F = d2 pl1, P = d1, Ti = d2 pl1 3-3 (plv3 rlv3), mt = d2 2-2 (plv 2 rlv2) 1 distal whorl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male paratype.</emphasis>
|
||
Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8 - 11. G. karugua sp. nov. male paratype habitus and pedipalp (CIPLT-Ar 305). 8. Dorsal; 9. Lateral; 10. Pedipalp ventral; 11. Pedipalp retrolateral. dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, Em = embolus, SD = sperm duct, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.76677.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/631449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
TL 4.54, CL 2.11, CW 1.08, CH 1.09, CI 51, AL 2.43 (incl. pedicel), AW 1.00, AI 41, SL 1.62, SW 0.97, SI 60. Chelicerae length 0.51, chelicerae width 0.30. Legs. I: 0.97, 0.28, 0.84, 0.80, 0.65. II: Missing. III: 0.95, 0.30, 0.76, 0.86, 0.51. IV: 1.27, 0.31, 1.27, 1.35, 0.68.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Habitus shape, leg formula, spination and general color pattern as in female, male carapace brighter, primarily orangish-brown. Dorsal scutum large, around 3/4 of AL, strong spines on anterior part of dorsal scutum projected posteriorly at 30-45 degree angle, abdominal constriction slight but conspicuous in lateral view, posterior to dorsal scutum. Few short white feathery setae dorsally and laterally at site of constriction and just posterior to spines of dorsal scutum. Ventral sclerite present, clearly defined, covering around
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
of venter just posterior to epigastric sclerite, inframamillary sclerite very small, dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
: Spination: femur = v 2, patella = v 2 pl 1, tibia = v 1 pl 1. Tibial spines substantially larger than others, with pl spine about 1.5 times the length of pl ventral spine. Palpal bulb with basally convoluted median loop in sperm duct, second, wider, more distal retrolateral loop. Palpal tibia with two short pointed retrolateral apophyses, ventral one projected disto-laterally at 11'00 position, dRTA shorter and more distally oriented, with tip recurving weakly back towards palp. Embolus screw-like, with three irregularly spaced coils, apical two crossing over, before tapering to pale apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Geographical and ecological distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is only known from the type locality in Estancia Santa Ana,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
|
||
wetland complex, Paraguay. According to the ecoregion delineation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" author="Olson, DM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B10" refString="Olson, DM, Dinerstein, E, Wikramanayake, ED, Burgess, ND, Powell, GVN, Underwood, EC, D'Amico, JA, Itoua, I, Strand, HE, Morrison, JC, Loucks, CJ, Allnutt, TF, Ricketts, TH, Kura, Y, Lamoreux, JF, Wettengel, WW, Hedao, P, Kassem, KR, 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience 51(11): 933-938. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" title="Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience 51 (11): 933 - 938." url="https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" year="2001">Olson et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the locality is situated in Humid Chaco. The habitat in which
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. karugua" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karugua">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. karugua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. was collected was savanna-like grassland. Judging from the occurrence in pitfall samples, the species is epigeal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |