210 lines
19 KiB
XML
210 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e37cd6ef-48e7-4484-8a3b-6ce1247434cf" ID-PMC="PMC3131050" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-105-1" ID-PubMed="21852919" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-105-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 105" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" checkinTime="1451250317184" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2011" docId="16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 105: 1-182" docOrigin="ZooKeys 105" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" docTitle="Selenops actophilus Chamberlin 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFD3FF99FF8FFE16FFE2FF80FFEDFFF4" masterDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668150752682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>105</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-105-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152029685" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Selenops_actophilus" authority="Chamberlin, 1924" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1924" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops actophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="actophilus">Selenops actophilus Chamberlin, 1924</taxonomicName>
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Figs 53-56198Map 7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops actophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="actophilus">Selenops actophilus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="561 - 694" title="The spider fauna of the shores and islands of the Gulf of California." volume="12" year="1924">Chamberlin 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 655, Figs 95-98 (♂, ♀, examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops actophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="actophilus">Selenops actophilus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 14, Figs 19-22 (♂, ♀).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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Holotype male: San Carlos Bay, Sonora,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, 7.VII.1921, J.C. Chamberlin (CAS1435, examined).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="MÉXICO">MEXICO</normalizedToken>
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: Baja California: Meling Ranch, 26.V.1981, V. Roth, 1♂ (AMNH). Chihuahua: 19 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 19.V.1991, R.E. Stecker 1♂ (CAS); 10 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 11-15.V.1991, R.E. Stecker, 2♀, 1♂, 3 imm. (CAS); 25 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 20-23.V.1991, R.E. Stecker, 1♂ (CAS). Sinaloa: 40 miles south of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Culiacán">Culiacan</normalizedToken>
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, 6.VIII.1956, V. Roth, W.J. Gertsch, 1♀ (AMNH). Sonora: Guaymas, under a rock on hill above Jamison's Dock, 3.IV.1964, W. Shear, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 24.VI.1943, F.J. Pough, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 14.IV.1921, J. C. Chamberlin, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 9.IV.1921, E.P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (AMNH); San Pedro Bay, 7.VII. 1921, J.C. Chamberlin (CAS1436); 15 miles west of Yecora, 4000', 7.VIII.1986, V. Roth, 1♀ (CAS); Navajoa, 1.VIII.1952, P., C. Vaurie, 1♂ (AMNH); Alamos, on building, 27.IV.1986, V. Roth, several (AMNH); Sonoran Highway on way to Yecora,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.569084">28°34'08.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-109.65781">109°39'28.1"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1512', 14.VII.2007, M. VanDam, 1♀ (EME sel_851). UNITED STATES: Arizona: Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mtns.,1.VI.1952, M. Cazier, W.J. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., 4 mi west of Portal, South fork of Cave Creek, 10.VI.1958, W.J, J.W. Gertsch, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mtns, SWRS, 5400', 5.VI.1965, D. Ligon, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains, South Fork of Cave Creek, 31.51 N, 109.12 W, 24.V.1963, W.J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, 1♂, 1♀ (AMNH); Mohave Co., South of Wickieup, 2.7 miles from Hwy 93, Burro Creek Crossing Road, 34°36'449"N, 113°28'921"W, S. Crews, L. Bell, 1♂ (CAS sel_001); Pima Co., Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, 10.VI.1952, M. Cazier, W. J. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, 1♂ (AMNH); Santa
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<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Cruz</pageBreakToken>
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Co., Pena Blanca Lake, northwest of Nogales, 31.24 N, 111.05 W, 19.V.1963, W. J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, several (AMNH); Santa Cruz Co., 10 miles east of Nogales, 9.V.1961, W.J. Gertsch, 1♀, 1 imm. (AMNH); Santa Cruz Co., Santa Rita Mountains, Madera Canyon, 7.VI.1952, Cazier, Gertsch, Schrammel, 1♀ (AMNH - with a male, however, male cannot be confirmed as this species). Texas: Alpine Co, 30.VI.1965, running on ground, M.H. Muma, 1♂ (FSU); Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, The Basin, 5400', 24.V.1965, K.W. Haller, 1♂ (AMNH); Presidio Co., 11 miles west of Valentine, VI.1948, Reagan, Flury, 2♀ (AMNH); Val Verde Co., 19 miles north of Comstock, 14.IV.1973, C. Soileau, 2♀, 1♂, 3 imm. (AMNH); Val Verde Co., Seminole Canyon, Hwy 90, under bridge,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.708717">29°42.523"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-101.3023">101°18.138"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 18.XI.2004, along road, under rock, P. Paquin, PP-8804, 1 imm. (EME sel_208).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Males can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops debilis" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">Selenops debilis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops nesophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nesophilus">Selenops nesophilus</taxonomicName>
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by a combination of the embolus beginning at the 5 o'clock position and a MA that is broad, but tapers suddenly to a finger-like extension. Additionally, the conductor and RTA are shaped differently than those of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops debilis" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">Selenops debilis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops nesophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nesophilus">Selenops nesophilus</taxonomicName>
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(Figs 59-62). Females can be distinguished by a more triangular epigynal plate, with a distally narrower septum. Internally, there is a much smaller invagination of the posterodorsal fold than in the other two species, and the spermathecae consist of two nearly parallel branches extending anteriorly (Figs 55-56).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Holotype male: Color:carapace brownish-red; sternum red-brown; chelicerae reddish-brown; maxillae light yellow-brown, lightening to white distally; labium grey-brown, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally grey-brown, damaged; ventrally dusky grey with no markings; legs orange-brown, annulations no longer apparent on this specimen. Carapace:0.96 times longer than broad; Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.15, ALE 0.05, PME 0.20, PLE 0.33; interdistances AME-PME 0.05, PME-ALE 0.18, ALE-PLE 0.43. PME-PME 0.95 mm. ALE-ALE 1.58; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.40, PLE-PLE 1.95; clypeus 0.08 high. Mouthparts: chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.11 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:Leg formula 4321 (Muma, 1953); scopulae present on distal end of all 4 tarsi; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw toothed, rl claw with fewer teeth; Leg I, missing; Leg II, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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0, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2-2, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0; Leg III, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2-2; Leg IV, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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0, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2-2, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:Fm, spination dorsal 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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4; cymbium ovoid in ventral view; conductor large, subangular structure arising mediolaterally, curved on one side and sinuous on the other, angular at bottom, tapering upwards with small hook distally, pointed toward 12 o'clock; embolus long, slender, curving around edge of bulb, beginning at 4 o'clock, terminating at 12 o'clock; MA located at 2 o'clock position, directed laterally, with short, very wide base and a long finger-like process; RTA with two branches, ventral process smaller of
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<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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two and blunt and curved, the lateral process a stout stalk with large nearly quadrangular process; tibial apophyses extend at least
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
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the length the cymbium in ventral view (Figs 53-54). Dimensions: Total length 8.60. Carapace length 4.25, width 4.45. Sternum length 2.00, width 1.80. Abdomen length 3.35, width 2.55. Pedipalp: Fm 1.50, Pt 0.30, Ti 0.75, Ta 1.00, total 3.55. Leg I: Missing. Leg II: Fm 5.50, Pt 2.00, Ti 5.00, Mt 4.75, Ta 2.00, total 18.75. Leg III: Fm 5.90, Pt 1.75, Ti 5.00, Mt and Ta missing. Leg IV: Missing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Female (CAS 1436): Color:carapace (CAS 1436) brown-red (recent) dusky yellow with dark patches laterally; sternum (CAS 1436) red-brown (recent) light orange-brown darker at border; chelicerae (CAS 1436) reddish-brown (recent) dusky yellow with broad lateral brown stripes; maxillae (CAS 1436) red-brown lightening distally (recent) light brown lightening distally; labium (CAS 1436) red-brown, lightening distally (recent) orange-brown, dusky on sides, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally (CAS 1436) grey-brown, damaged (recent) grey to cream-colored, slightly damaged, markings not visible; ventrally (CAS 1436) dark grey (recent) cream-colored; legs (CAS 1436) orange-brown, markings not visible (recent) dusky cream with stripes, not present on retrolateral side of femur. Carapace:0.98 times longer than broad. Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.23, ALE 0.10, PME 0.35, PLE 0.53; interdistances AME-PME 0.05, PME-ALE 0.23, ALE-PLE 0.53. PME-PME 1.23. ALE-ALE 2.08; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.45, PLE-PLE 2.30; clypeus 0.23 high. Mouthparts:Chelicerae with stout setae medially and anteriorly; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.13 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:Leg I only slightly shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 4321 (Muma, 1953); scopulae present on tarsi of all legs and metatarsi of legs I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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0; Mt v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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0, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0; Mt v 2-2. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:Claw with 11 teeth. Epigyne:epigynal plate triangular, narrow septum that widens and connects to what appear to be epigynal pockets, genital openings located where the septum begins to widen; internally, spermathecae simple, two branched cylindrical structures that extend anteriorly, with each branch nearly parallel to the other, though the outermost branches curve outward a bit; small posterodorsal fold present that doesn't cover any of the internal structures, and is just a very slight invagination of the bottom of the epigynal plate (Figs 55-56). Dimensions: Total length 8.68. Carapace: length 5.00 width 5.10. Sternum: length 2.25, width 2.00. Pedipalp: Fm 1.35, Pt 0.60, Ti 0.80, Ta 1.50, total 4.25. Leg I: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.80, Ti 4.00, Mt 3.50, Ta 1.75, total 16.05. Leg II: Missing. Leg III: Fm 5.80, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.65, Mt 4.00, Ta 1.75, total 18.20. Leg IV: Fm 5.75, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.75, Mt and Ta missing.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Natural History.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Collected under rocks in the arid southwest (Fig. 198).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Definitely found from Sonora,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, east to west Texas (Map 7). It may also be found in other areas of desert southwest of North America.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |