143 lines
13 KiB
XML
143 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.349.5914" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4036f4e7-9738-41d4-889f-e6aa76c9d1a4" ID-PMC="PMC3837405" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-349-11" ID-PubMed="24294078" ID-ZBK="29B17DCB5CF1483B85430368D36B86F3" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-349-11" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 349" ModsDocTitle="New species and host records of New World, mostly Neotropical, opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) reared from flower-infesting, stem-galling, and stem-mining Tephritidae (Diptera)" checkinTime="1451246692609" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wharton, Robert & Norrbom, Allen L." docDate="2013" docId="F8B8153BD0164355C10CE59644B88B22" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 349: 11-72" docOrigin="ZooKeys 349" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.349.5914" docTitle="Opius nablus Wharton, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7214B3DC-BC43-4DBE-A88B-A3B1BE52FFBB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFB3FFD3CA3C142FFFB1FFC3A91E5A54" masterDocTitle="New species and host records of New World, mostly Neotropical, opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) reared from flower-infesting, stem-galling, and stem-mining Tephritidae (Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1668156823863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species and host records of New World, mostly Neotropical, opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) reared from flower-infesting, stem-galling, and stem-mining Tephritidae (Diptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wharton, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>349</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>11</mods:start>
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<mods:end>72</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.349.5914</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.349.5914</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-349-11</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">29B17DCB5CF1483B85430368D36B86F3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">29B17DCB5CF1483B85430368D36B86F3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152049475" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7214B3DC-BC43-4DBE-A88B-A3B1BE52FFBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8B8153BD0164355C10CE59644B88B22" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="34" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7214B3DC-BC43-4DBE-A88B-A3B1BE52FFBB" authority="Wharton" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius nablus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nablus">Opius nablus Wharton</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="34" pageNumber="45">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 25, 63-66
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="45" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="45">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="45">
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Guatemala, Sacatepequez, 3-6 km west of San Miguel
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dueñas">Duenas</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="45" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="45">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="45">
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Holotype. Male (USNM), first label, first line: GUATEMALA: Sacatepequez second line: San Miguel Duenas, 3-6 km third line: W, 17.X.1990, A. L. Norrbom Second label, first line: reared ex. stem gall second line: of
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<taxonomicName family="Tephritidae" lsidName="" pageId="34" pageNumber="45" rank="family">Tephritidae</taxonomicName>
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sp. on third line:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Verbesina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbesina fraseri" order="Asterales" pageId="34" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraseri">Verbesina fraseri</taxonomicName>
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(90G8) Third label:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALN–">ALN-</normalizedToken>
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3.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="35" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="46">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="46" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="47" start="start">Male</pageBreakToken>
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. Eyes in dorsal view bulging beyond temples, temples weakly but distinctly receding. Clypeus 2.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than high, weakly punctate throughout; weakly triangular in outline, epistomal sulcus not even rounded; nearly flat in profile, very weakly protruding ventrally; ventral margin very weakly concave in anterior view with mandibles deflected, exposing substantial portion of labrum. Antenna with 41 flagellomeres. Malar sulcus impressed throughout, deeper near eye. Mesosoma 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than high. Pronotum laterally completely unsculptured or nearly so along posterior side of distinctly elevated vertical carina. Notaulus a short, curved, shallow groove not reaching anterior margin, not margined anteriorly by carinae; associated setae as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius marshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshi">Opius marshi</taxonomicName>
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. Metapleuron with median pit adjacent anterior margin connected to dorsal pit at posterior margin by a very weak sulcus; ventral margin without well-developed spine anteriorly, at most with ventral carina weakly, unobtrusively expanded anteriorly. Propodeum medially smooth, polished, with a pair of short lateral-median carinae; weakly rugulose along lateral margin, especially in vicinity of spiracle. Fore wing 3RSa 1.55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than strongly sinuate 2RS; (RS+M)a very weakly sinuate. T1 2.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider at apex than at base, 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than apical width; smooth, unsculptured basally and apical-laterally, striate to strigose over middle portion of apical 0.5; dorsal carina distinct basally, extending towards but not obviously attaining apex, weak and obscured by sculpture posteriorly. Color: Head with yellow orbital band extending posteriorly from torulus to gena at mid eye height, gena ventrally, lower occiput, malar space, orbital band between torulus and malar sulcus, clypeus, and mouthparts (except dark apical teeth of mandible) white; broad band extending from epistomal sulcus through dorsal half of occiput dark brown to black, the dark color extending slightly onto upper gena. Mesosoma similar in color to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius marshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshi">Opius marshi</taxonomicName>
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: pale yellow-orange except nearly all of pronotum dorsally and laterally, irregular streak ventral-laterally on mesopleuron extending between fore and mid coxae, scuto-scutellar sulcus, median longitudinal band on entire scutellum, and most of remaining parts of scutellar and metanotal area (except for a pair of yellow spots on either side of midline) brown. Metasomal tergal color and leg color as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius marshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshi">Opius marshi</taxonomicName>
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. Body length 4.0 mm; wing length 4.35 mm; mesosoma length 1.45 mm. Otherwise having all the characteristics described above for the godfrayi species group.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="36" pageNumber="47">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">
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Figures 25-28.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opius</taxonomicName>
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spp., habitus. 25
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius nablus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nablus">Opius nablus</taxonomicName>
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Wharton, sp. n. 26
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius nympha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nympha">Opius nympha</taxonomicName>
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Fischer 27
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius peleus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peleus">Opius peleus</taxonomicName>
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Fischer 28
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius pipitae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipitae">Opius pipitae</taxonomicName>
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Wharton, sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">
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This species is nearly identical to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius marshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshi">Opius marshi</taxonomicName>
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with slightly darker head and lighter hind tibia than males of that species. Perhaps more importantly, the notaulus is shorter and less distinctly impressed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius nablus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nablus">Opius nablus</taxonomicName>
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relative to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius marshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshi">Opius marshi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius godfrayi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="godfrayi">Opius godfrayi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="47" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">
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The only known specimen was reared from a stem gall on the asteracean plant
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Verbesina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbesina fraseri" order="Asterales" pageId="36" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraseri">Verbesina fraseri</taxonomicName>
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Hemsl. No flies were reared from this sample, so the tephritid host is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">The species name is an arbitrary combination of letters.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="47">This species is known from a single male specimen. In this specimen, hind wing M is more weakly developed than in other members of this species group, but the difference is not great.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |