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<mods:title id="F78391982F4A816FE941BE0BF6A82FB6">Two new species of sand-burrowing amphipods of the genus Haustorius Müller, 1775 (Amphipoda: Haustoriidae) from the northwestern Gulf of Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15D9BE22D2BA78AB896F091B3CAD28ED">Hancock, Zachary B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="3620034AFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FBE9FB3B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5978431" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148692581" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5978431" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3620034AFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FBE9FB3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3620034AFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FBE9FB3B" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection id="F693E1D7FFCBFFC45FBDFE00FB16FDEB" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FEF1FDC9" blockId="2.[151,1170,487,547]" box="[151,373,487,514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="E57E0530FFCBFFC45FBDFE00FEF1FDC9" bold="true" box="[151,373,487,514]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FEF1FDC9" bold="true" box="[151,373,487,514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45FC4FE0FFEF1FDC9" ID-CoL="7P5HW" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1775" box="[238,373,487,513]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FC4FE0FFEF1FDC9" bold="true" box="[238,373,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Haustorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FBDFDE2FB16FDEB" blockId="2.[151,1170,487,547]" box="[151,1170,522,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
(Modified from
<bibRefCitation id="DA18CFADFFCBFFC45E67FDE3FE60FDEB" box="[333,484,523,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" refId="ref15353" refString="LeCroy, S. E. (2002) An Illustrated Identification Guide to the Nearshore Marine and Estuarine Gammaridean Amphipoda of Florida. Vol. 2. State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, 224 pp." type="book">LeCroy 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DA18CFADFFCBFFC45EDAFDE2FC93FDEB" box="[496,791,522,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" refId="ref14351" refString="Barnard, J. L. &amp; Karaman, G. S. (1991) The Families and Genera of Marine Gammaridean Amphipoda (Except Marine Gammaroids). Records of the Australian Museum, 13 (Part 1), 1 - 418." type="journal article">Barnard &amp; Karaman 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DA18CFADFFCBFFC45C08FDE2FC55FDEB" box="[802,977,522,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" refId="ref14589" refString="Bousfield, E. L. (1973) Shallow-Water Gammaridean Amphipoda of New England. Cornell University Press, London, 312 pp." type="book">Bousfield 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DA18CFADFFCBFFC45CF7FDE2FB0EFDEB" box="[989,1162,522,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" refId="ref14539" refString="Bousfield, E. L. (1965) Haustoriidae of New England (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 117 (3512), 159 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.117 - 3512.159" type="journal article">Bousfield 1965</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F693E1D7FFCBFFC45FBDFDBAFA95FCAF" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FBDFDBAFA95FCAF" blockId="2.[151,1436,594,1267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FBDFDBAFE95FDA3" bold="true" box="[151,273,594,619]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body broad, fusiform; rostrum medium to strong, acute or subacute; head broad with weak, unpigmented eyes below anterolateral apices; antenna 1, accessory flagellum 25 articulate, inserted terminally on peduncle article 3; antenna 2, peduncle article 5 without posterodistally produced lobe; mandible with incisor; left mandible with lacinia mobilis, cleft or uncleft; mandibular palp article 3 with median row of comb setae; maxilla 2 outer plate broad or slender, rounded or lanceolate distally, roughly twice the size of inner plate; maxilliped palp article 3 geniculate; gnathopod 1 simple, dactyl nail-like; gnathopod 2, minutely chelate; pereopod 3 and 4 similar; pereopod 7, article 4 much wider than long, subtrapezoidal or subtriangular; pleonite 3 overhanging urosome; epimeron 3 rounded posteroventrally without tooth; uropod 1 variously spinose; telson variously cleft.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F693E1D7FFCBFFC45FEDFC9AFAA1FC67" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FEDFC9AFD3BFC43" blockId="2.[151,1436,594,1267]" box="[199,703,882,907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FEDFC9AFEE2FC43" bold="true" box="[199,358,882,907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Type Species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45E47FC9CFD3BFC43" authority="Slabber." authorityName="Slabber." box="[365,703,882,907]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45E47FC9CFDD9FC43" box="[365,605,884,907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Haustorius arenarius</emphasis>
Slabber.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FEDFC7EFAA1FC67" blockId="2.[151,1436,594,1267]" box="[199,1317,918,943]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<materialsCitation id="0EE1B801FFCBFFC45FEDFC7EFAA1FC67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917355236" box="[199,1317,918,943]" country="Mexico" county="West Atlantic" location="Northern Europe" municipality="North Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FEDFC7EFEFCFC67" bold="true" box="[199,376,918,943]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Known Range.</emphasis>
<location id="BB56E487FFCBFFC45E55FC7EFDBBFC66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3620034AFFCBFFC45FBDFE00FBE9FB3B:BB56E487FFCBFFC45E55FC7EFDBBFC66" box="[383,575,918,943]" country="Mexico" county="West Atlantic" municipality="North Africa" name="Northern Europe" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Northern Europe</location>
, Mediterranean Sea,
<collectingMunicipality id="5E522826FFCBFFC45C01FC7EFC3AFC67" box="[811,958,918,943]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">North Africa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="5757CAD0FFCBFFC45CE3FC7FFBE0FC67" box="[969,1124,918,943]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">West Atlantic</collectingCounty>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="C69EF2CCFFCBFFC45BE2FC7EFAA5FC67" box="[1224,1313,918,943]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F693E1D7FFCBFFC45FEDFC52FBE9FB3B" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BE36B25CFFCBFFC45FEDFC52FBE9FB3B" blockId="2.[151,1436,594,1267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FEDFC52FEBFFC1B" bold="true" box="[199,315,954,979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA18CFADFFCBFFC45E68FC53FE5DFC1B" box="[322,473,954,979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" refId="ref16205" refString="Sweet, M. H. (1996) The Evolution of the Haustorioidea of the World, and Post-Embryonic Development, Taxonomy and Ecology of the Haustoriidae (Amphipoda: Crustacea). Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, 640 pp. [PhD thesis]" type="book">Sweet (1996)</bibRefCitation>
proposed dividing
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45D9EFC54FCB5FC1B" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1775" box="[692,817,956,979]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45D9EFC54FCB5FC1B" box="[692,817,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Haustorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into two separate genera on either side of the Atlantic, and reclassified
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45E7DFC37FE7FFC3F" baseAuthorityName="Bousfield" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[343,507,990,1015]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45E7DFC37FE7FFC3F" box="[343,507,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Genus one
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45D96FC36FCBCFC3F" baseAuthorityName="Bousfield" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[700,824,990,1015]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45D96FC36FCBCFC3F" box="[700,824,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In this scheme, the most common ancestor of
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45AABFC37FE87FBD3" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45AABFC37FE87FBD3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. arenarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45E6CFBECFE6FFBD3" baseAuthorityName="Bousfield" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[326,491,1026,1051]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45E6CFBECFE6FFBD3" box="[326,491,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dated to the Cretaceous separation of the Euramerican continent.
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45A35FBECFE87FBF6" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45A35FBECFE87FBF6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Haustorius arenarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
then presumably radiated into the Mediterranean Sea and across northern Europe, while Genus one
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45FBDFBA2FE97FBAB" baseAuthorityName="Bousfield" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[151,275,1098,1123]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45FBDFBA2FE97FBAB" box="[151,275,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spread down the western Atlantic coast. However, a case solely using character states does not support this, as traits such as the number of antenna 1 accessory flagellum articles, curvature of maxilla 2 outer lobe, shape of pereopod 7 article 4, and telson cleft in the Mediterranean species,
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45CB5FB7CFBA8FB63" authorityName="Bellan-Santini" authorityYear="2005" box="[927,1068,1170,1195]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45CB5FB7CFBA8FB63" box="[927,1068,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45B48FB7CFB7BFB63" authorityName="Mulot" authorityYear="1968" box="[1122,1279,1170,1195]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="algeriensis">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45B48FB7CFB7BFB63" box="[1122,1279,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. algeriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, more closely match species in the Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="7C4D7CBEFFCBFFC45EC3FB5EFDC5FB07" box="[489,577,1206,1231]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<collectingCountry id="C69EF2CCFFCBFFC45EC3FB5EFDC5FB07" box="[489,577,1206,1231]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
, particularly
<taxonomicName id="7989C9DFFFCBFFC45DF0FB5FFCCDFB07" authority="Hancock &amp; Wicksten, 2018" authorityName="Hancock &amp; Wicksten" authorityYear="2018" box="[730,841,1206,1231]" class="Malacostraca" family="Haustoriidae" genus="Haustorius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allardi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45DF0FB5FFCCDFB07" box="[730,841,1206,1231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">H. allardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97CED335FFCBFFC45C7EFB5EFC34FB07" box="[852,944,1206,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">
<emphasis id="8CFD6E4EFFCBFFC45C7EFB5EFC34FB07" bold="true" box="[852,944,1206,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A revision of the genus, if necessary, will likely not proceed until molecular data is available to support a deep historical division.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>