207 lines
21 KiB
XML
207 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5A2526F700369FA00310B379B333C28F">The sponge fauna of the Seno Magdalena and Puyuhuapi Fjord (Chile), with a description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9FD7CBCA796508A22EE134586627158E">Bertolino, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="312573510A45B39881B44C6D67A85AB9">Costa, Gabriele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A79580B43914B6F02A54DC4E63B7317">Reboa, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED1A267869EB9A2025FD0D083898B167">Bavestrello, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D8F8C33F35B9199084100CD78C54031">Pansini, Maurizio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1F0B001849C7B5B7F63829CCB42FF8D7">Betti, Federico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2BDA4369526C6732C1F9442530C32BAC">Bo, Marzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2AC81BE73A5A8F9164F2C1A74709D900">Daneri, Giovanni</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="618BC6FF07EB2E1E6EF20D0B5140DB34">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BD64858E9D45D031F10723B1D2E486CA">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="242DA5E3713F45D5C23596392F7381CE">2019-06-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B08FA5F348B6CE93AC42A30C9416281A">4623</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="21746792DD51950A436FB8502B22EB73" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4623.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5849EC13FFD4D84EC3FAF960935E2B53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5611471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158380829" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5611471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5849EC13FFD4D84EC3FAF960935E2B53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5849EC13FFD4D84EC3FAF960935E2B53" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFD4D840C3FAF960923D2FF7" box="[151,827,1665,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFD4D840C3FAF960923D2FF7" blockId="7.[151,827,1665,1692]" box="[151,827,1665,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<heading id="8B17EA69FFD4D840C3FAF960923D2FF7" bold="true" box="[151,827,1665,1692]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C3FAF960923D2FF7" bold="true" box="[151,827,1665,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="17E02686FFD4D840C27AF960923D2FF7" ID-CoL="85KK4" authority="Lundbeck, 1909" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1909" box="[279,827,1665,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ectyodoryx">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C27AF96090C12FF0" bold="true" box="[279,455,1665,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Lissodendoryx</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C2B5F96093672FF0" bold="true" box="[472,609,1665,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Ectyodoryx</emphasis>
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) Lundbeck, 1909
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFD4D840C3FAF92991ED2E6B" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFD4D840C3FAF929927F2F88" blockId="7.[151,889,1736,1799]" box="[151,889,1736,1764]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<taxonomicName id="17E02686FFD4D840C3FAF929927F2F88" ID-CoL="3VF8M" authority="(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" baseAuthorityName="Ridley & Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,889,1736,1764]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="patagonica" subGenus="Ectyodoryx">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C3FAF92993642F8F" bold="true" box="[151,610,1736,1763]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C3FAF92990392F8F" bold="true" box="[151,319,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Lissodendoryx</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C23DF92990D52F8F" bold="true" box="[336,467,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Ectyodoryx</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C28FF92893642F8F" bold="true" box="[482,610,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">patagonica</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="B47120F4FFD4D840C11CF92892772F88" author="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[625,881,1737,1764]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref6093" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18 (108), 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFD4D840C3FAF90C91ED2E6B" blockId="7.[151,889,1736,1799]" box="[151,235,1773,1799]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFD4D840C3CDF90C91E52E6B" box="[160,227,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFD4D840C3FAF8D593DC2E1F" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFD4D840C3FAF8D593DC2E1F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1844,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C3FAF8D590002E23" bold="true" box="[151,262,1844,1871]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="60885758FFD4D840C27CF8D493D12E1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2269395165" country="Chile" elevation="20" latitude="-44.484394" location="Canal Jacaf" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.73309" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="A8F71D95FFD4D840C27CF8D490492E23" box="[273,335,1845,1871]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">CILE</collectingCountry>
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70,
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<location id="D53F0BDEFFD4D840C2E5F8D493082E23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5849EC13FFD4D84EC3FAF960935E2B53:D53F0BDEFFD4D840C2E5F8D493082E23" box="[392,526,1845,1871]" country="Chile" latitude="-44.484394" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.73309" name="Canal Jacaf" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Canal Jacaf</location>
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(Islote Carlos) (L) (
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<geoCoordinate id="B5D43BC2FFD4D840C192F8D592942E23" box="[767,914,1844,1871]" degrees="44.484395" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" precision="1" value="-44.484394">44.484395°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="B5D43BC2FFD4D840C0F0F8D495382E23" box="[925,1086,1845,1871]" degrees="72.733093" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" precision="1" value="-72.73309">72.733093°W</geoCoordinate>
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), Puerto Cisnes (Chile),
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<elevation id="5BCDBA36FFD4D840C60DF8D491DE2E1F" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" unit="m" value="20.0">
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<quantity id="1718F0E0FFD4D840C60DF8D4949A2E23" box="[1376,1436,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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, rocky walls ending on detritus bottom, 2014
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFD4D84EC3AAF89D93F2282F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFD4D840C3AAF89D92B82EB3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1844,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFD4D840C3AAF89D905F2EFB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1916,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Description.</emphasis>
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The specimen observed is cushion shaped, almost globular,
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<quantity id="1718F0E0FFD4D840C76CF89C953E2EFB" box="[1025,1080,1917,1943]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="313" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
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in diameter. The surface is verrucose with ostia in between the warts. Oscules are roundish, elevated by thin rims. The colour in life is a very pale beige (
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<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFD4D840C38EF82490382EB3" box="[227,318,1989,2015]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="313">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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). The consistence of the live specimen is soft and elastic.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFDBD84FC3AAFF78957E29BB" blockId="8.[151,1436,153,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDBD84FC3AAFF78902029DF" box="[199,294,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">Skeleton</emphasis>
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. Ectosomal skeleton of styles and tornotes scattered near the surface; choanosomal skeleton an irregular isotropic reticulation of bundles of acanthostyles, echinated by smaller acanthostyles.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="849F0D8DFFDBD84FC3FAF84E925A2E82" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="314" startId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" targetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFDBD84FC3FAF84E925A2E82" blockId="8.[151,1436,1967,2030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">
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||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDBD84FC3FAF84E90192EA6" bold="true" box="[151,287,1967,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="17E02686FFDBD84FC248F85193E32EA6" baseAuthorityName="Ridley & Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[293,741,1968,1994]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="314" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="patagonica" subGenus="Ectyodoryx">
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||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDBD84FC248F85190CE2EA6" box="[293,456,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">Lissodendoryx</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDBD84FC2B5F85193512EA6" box="[472,599,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">Ectyodoryx</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="E2948117FFDBD84FC10AF85093E32EA6" box="[615,741,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="314">patagonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFDAD84EC3AAFF7893F2282F" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">
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||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDAD84EC3AAFF78902229DF" box="[199,292,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Spicules</emphasis>
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. Megascleres: Styles, almost straight or faintly curved, with small spines concentrated on the head and scattered on the shaft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFDAD84EC2A7FF5C932229BB" box="[458,548,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
), 290 (325) 350 x 12.5 (15.4) 20 μm. Acanthostyles with well- defined heads, straight and entirely spined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFDAD84EC2BEFF00932A2997" box="[467,556,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
), 90 (119) 160
|
||
<date id="A45E7BC5FFDAD84EC1B9FF0092022997" box="[724,772,225,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" value="2010-10">x 10</date>
|
||
(11.3) 15 μm. Straight tylotes with microspined extremities (
|
||
<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFDAD84EC3CDFEE491F12873" box="[160,247,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
), 160 (199) 225 x 2.5 (4.9) 5 μm. Microscleres: Arcuate isochelae with three, regular rounded teeth at each extremity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="48DB4180FFDAD84EC27FFEC8906E282F" box="[274,360,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1967,1994]" captionTargetBox="[202,1388,215,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[199,1388,234,1941]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) patagonica: (A) live sample; (B) Styles with small spines concentrated on the head; (C) tylotes; (D) Acanthostyles; (E) Arcuate isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407506/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
), 22.5 (30.8) 42.5 x 2.5 (3.4) 5 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFDAD84EC3AAFEAC92E528C3" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFDAD84EC3AAFEAC92E528C3" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDAD84EC3AAFEAC902A280B" bold="true" box="[199,300,333,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was previously collected at
|
||
<quantity id="1718F0E0FFDAD84EC19FFEAC923E280B" box="[754,824,333,359]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4799999999999995" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" unit="m" value="448.0">448 m</quantity>
|
||
depth on muddy bottoms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B47120F4FFDAD84EC732FEAC94582804" author="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[1119,1374,333,360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref6093" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18 (108), 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our specimen was found within a narrow channel between the coast and an island, in an environment characterized by rocky walls ending on debris, in presence of strong currents, at
|
||
<quantity id="1718F0E0FFDAD84EC030FE75929028C3" box="[861,918,404,431]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="98FA0E8EFFDAD84EC3AAFE58935E2B53" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D05F5D05FFDAD84EC3AAFE58935E2B53" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2948117FFDAD84EC3AAFE58903D28BF" bold="true" box="[199,315,441,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B47120F4FFDAD84EC1F6FE5892AF28B8" author="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[667,937,441,468]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref6093" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18 (108), 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
off the South
|
||
<collectingRegion id="122493E7FFDAD84EC720FE5895C028BF" box="[1101,1222,441,467]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="9" pageNumber="315">West coast</collectingRegion>
|
||
of Patagonia. This is the second record after the original description and a new finding for the Chilean fjords. Our specimen fits with Ridley & Dendy’s original description although the maximal size of the spicules of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0F5BE3A7FFDAD84EC703FDE095D62B77" box="[1134,1232,513,539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="315" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(styles of 420 μm and tylotes of 300 μm) is slightly larger.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |