treatments-xml/data/E1/85/CA/E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C.xml

248 lines
28 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="62488" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30f0f54f-e5af-493f-b792-c1c661ef03bf" ID-PMC="PMC9849010" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-198-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" ID-PubMed="36760991" ModsDocID="1314-2003-198-1" checkinTime="1654168732655" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aubriot, Xavier &amp; Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2022" docId="E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 198: 1-270" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 198" docPubDate="2022-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" docTitle="Solanum deflexicarpum C. Y. Wu &amp; S. C. Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16 (2): 73. 1978." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the &quot; spiny solanums &quot; of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732649590965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="A97D0CECEE56CF8F3886C2C89AE270AA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8D4FC2F1254C552AC934A826E8367C6D">
<mods:title id="5240AFF83E0EBEE1BBE4B91924D3D01B">A revision of the &quot; spiny solanums &quot; of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BE34BC00820BC0130657DF4FA500F9B4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F1CB71E04E0E9E72E8BD322E82AD0F71">
<mods:roleTerm id="AF403B8615454BDA62A6142581C382DA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FD17D13D83232D5AC7073E873605397C">Aubriot, Xavier</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8961DB0E50602EE6259C3C41B975C0F5">Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France &amp; The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4F93B7D4DEAB718BF155CC027563C623" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8814998DD5CF180CE49862A4DB8D51A9">
<mods:roleTerm id="D61CAAF9CC597444A57B8EE37000AE26">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FD85BEAB7D0E1DB8154D4FC42F9D46BC">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="278B1BF929AD482E8808872532743ECE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E2CA5A8F92D7073C598492636456FE18">The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="97D1E1825C1F0A1A778FBB1051536E7A" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="21298B28CA86C1398131A2224F013329">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="92AB23168B01CD5E0CCD0012BEC6B311" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0176F00395B50E3C7FE214DDC0766AA4">
<mods:title id="4AEE3F7C5214A4E2A49BEAD970129B5B">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6E89F59BD709C46ED2791FCAB47419AE">
<mods:date id="0B5F773781CE39C810B63FB6B81AAC3B">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F7BCE138253429751241DD596084296B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B6236407C259A0B54C5E7C407BC842CD">2022-06-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C08BC64B132F3D73B25710DFE73CB7EE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3FC586622E415ECCD1C6533DA5797C6D">198</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="CA43CE4D329E0629246160FBB502378E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="32CC71FA39D8CF3A6D5733D07C556598">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="44BC7C27C5742B40E19F41CACB3E4DA1">270</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="88E762467C505A7BABCC34E7C49CF0BC">
<mods:url id="D338D41C53C374B5154D07D67F031195">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="66AD400C2F89302E401DFDF2CDE575E7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F24591369AC2FC68E55BDCCE70278D75" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="86F360F17B8D749CFE4085DAD456BC56" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-198-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EBC2D1368A0823D296758EFFBDD7A0CC" type="Pensoft-UUID">486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195723713" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="9B6A0FEA72E1F9F6585B058D1B0720CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="38083E080DEAAC456D2CCDF9B76F6B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
11.
<taxonomicName id="BC160E50A2880F3C385E5E653F15BEFD" ID-CoL="4Y27W" authority="C. Y. Wu &amp; S. C. Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16 (2): 73. 1978." authorityName="C. Y. Wu &amp; S. C. Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16 (2): 73. 1978." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">Solanum deflexicarpum C.Y.Wu &amp; S.C.Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 73. 1978.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D6DA80C9C4BA2BE4514766C813E9505" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="1D89CC7D1C46E4E21F6220E08AE287C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="D991D616C9307D78785B60A5DB3EB9B6" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Solanum deflexicarpum C. Y. Wu &amp; S. C. Huang A herbarium specimen collected in China in 2007 (Knapp et al. 10130, BM 001019378) B detail of a fertile branch (Knapp et al. 10130, China) C detail view of a flower (Knapp et al. 10130, China) D detail view of an infructescence (Knapp et al. 10130, China). Photograph credits: A CC-BY, © copyright The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London B-D S. Knapp." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689711" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="83470077A0870E519F6A470E7A3F0BCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7A6B69ED50E491E24B150A40B8BBF6C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="515678DFD3D3E7D41E4DB0E9BE84C444" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum indicum subsp. var. var. recurvatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="indicum" subSpecies="var." variety="recurvatum">Solanum indicum L. var. recurvatum</taxonomicName>
C.Y.Wu &amp; S.C.Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 73. 1978. Type. China. Yunnan: Dali, &quot;Bohai city [transl. from the label]&quot;, 21 Feb 1957,
<emphasis id="22408485A068EB770893B53966EA613A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Yunnan expedition 5005</emphasis>
(holotype: KUN [KUN184304]; isotypes: IBK [IBK00241973], IBSC [IBSC0004706], PE [PE00031389, PE02079736], SZ [SZ00254985, SZ00254997]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77D1252633352D7F0645B2DA64C0B8B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1DBBE8D01FC4EA1C4A3B4FD0F41318E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="77645F7686B2144709EA73F63BCA0618">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D344BD8D00D6099AD75A5EB3440F987B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="EF9B82C7AD21391CACB49E47A4BCC424" collectingDate="1947-08-29" collectorName="G. Feng" country="China" location="Xishou" municipality="Xiangping Mountain" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="69E960BAB537AF133F9B573692961880" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AC9557C1581610558BC1B5556DF32A5A" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
: &quot;
<collectingMunicipality id="C54D997C1CE8D0F84B2AE89C43BA649F">Xiangping Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="A084CAF03A8AB98125804D67135730D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E185CA406919B28C42E92C27E13F6C6C:A084CAF03A8AB98125804D67135730D2" country="China" municipality="Xiangping Mountain" name="Xishou" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xishou</location>
[transl. from protologue]&quot;,
<collectingDate id="D830EE0C4E3CE7C5C308DFCFAB486C66" value="1947-08-29">29 Aug 1947</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="C2664CFB701A70B0EDB4FB0C2EDDC0C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName id="13FD9C0A605C5865BFAB84541515E781">G. Feng</collectorName>
11429
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="35097CD849DE8D42841414FDB47CCFD5">holotype</typeStatus>
: KUN [KUN484279]; isotypes: A [A00310057], PE [PE00730648], WUK [WUK0194818])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9589D8D106236A974077AD79D19C835" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="CCDEF583B1E368C213A781EBB084EAC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D0D0FE561B8F343C23AD87911DE3F46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shrubs to 2 m tall, unarmed or rarely sparsely armed. Stems erect, terete, moderately stellate-pubescent; prickles, if present, to 5 mm long, to 3 mm wide at the base, broad-based, curved, pale yellowish tan, sparsely stellate-pubescent near the base; pubescence of sessile to very short-stalked porrect-stellate trichomes, the rays 5-7, 0.1-0.4 mm long, the midpoints absent or to 0.5 mm long; new growth densely stellate-pubescent, the trichomes white and tangled, soon deciduous and the stems glabrate; bark of older stems greyish brown to grey. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, or not geminate, the leaves of a pair equal in size and shape. Leaves simple, shallowly lobed, the blades 5-11 cm long, 2.5-7.5 cm wide, ca. 2 times longer than wide, elliptic, chartaceous, discolorous, unarmed or sparsely armed along the midrib and major veins with small curved prickles; adaxial surface evenly and sparsely to moderately stellate-pubescent with white-cream sessile porrect trichomes, the rays 4-6, 0.1-0.2 mm long, the midpoints 0.5-1.3 mm long; abaxial surface with similar sessile porrect-stellate trichomes, but with some short-stalked stellate trichomes with stalks to 0.5 mm and longer rays to 0.5 mm long; major veins 3-4 pairs, densely pubescent especially abaxially; base abruptly truncate, somewhat oblique; margins shallowly lobed, the lobes 3-4 on each side, 0.3-1 cm long, broadly deltate, apically rounded, the sinuses less than halfway to the midrib; apex acute; petioles 1-2 cm long, 1/4-1/2 as long as the leaf blades, sparsely prickly and moderately pubescent, the prickles 0-3, like those of the stems, the pubescence of sessile stellate-trichomes like those of the stems. Inflorescences 1-3 cm long, internodal and lateral, unbranched, with 5-10 flowers, only 1 or 2 flowers open at any one time, pubescent with sessile stellate-porrect trichomes like those of the stems, with 4-6 rays ca. 0.2 mm long and midpoints to 0.5 mm long, unarmed or with a few small prickles to 3 mm long; peduncle 0.1-0.8 cm long, unarmed; pedicels 0.35-0.5 cm long, 0.5-1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the apex, spreading and slightly nodding at anthesis, unarmed or with a few small prickles to 1 mm long, densely stellate-pubescent like the inflorescence axes, articulated at the base; pedicel scars irregularly spaced 3-4 mm apart. Buds ellipsoid and somewhat tapering, strongly exserted from the calyx before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, apparently all perfect, but some distal flowers may be short-styled. Calyx with the tube 2-2.5 mm long, conical, the lobes 1-2 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, deltate, unarmed or with a few small prickles to 3 mm long and densely stellate-pubescent abaxially with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes like those of the pedicels. Corolla 0.8-1 cm in diameter, white, deeply stellate, lobed 3/4 of the way to the base, interpetalar tissue present, the lobes 4-4.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, deltate, spreading at anthesis, mostly glabrous adaxially but with a few stellate trichomes at the tips, densely stellate-pubescent abaxially with densely tangled sessile trichomes where exposed in bud, these densest at the tips. Stamens equal; anthers 3-4 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, slightly tapering, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores directed distally, not elongating to slits with drying; filament tube minute, glabrous; free portion of the filaments ca. 0.5 mm long, glabrous. Ovary conical, glabrous; style 5-6 mm long, glabrous; stigma capitate, the surfaces minutely papillose, bright green in live plants. Fruit a globose berry, several to many per infructescence, 1-1.2 cm in diameter, orange-red when ripe, the pericarp thin and shiny, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.8-1 cm long, 1-1.2 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 2 mm in diameter at the apex, somewhat woody, sharply deflexed and nodding, unarmed or with small prickles; fruiting calyx not accrescent, the lobes often breaking off. Seeds 50-60 per berry, 2-3 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, flattened reniform, pale tan or yellowish brown, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells with sinuate margins. Chromosome number: not known.</paragraph>
<caption id="7759BB15691028F279A1547642348A69" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689711" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph id="3385C7DA553F171BC5E2BE469117DA5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C02008595AA134FE39255FE364A1F988" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="910BAA2C573015095BC1E1D00338EFB9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="E6E93B27FADC8923E4411670ADC98D90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.Y.Wu &amp; S.C.Huang
<emphasis id="E3835F4498A3F9E7DEC2978A1B9A44B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
herbarium specimen collected in China in 2007 (
<emphasis id="247BAE66CE1C5B98A1AC771EFB617157" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10130</emphasis>
, BM001019378)
<emphasis id="0BC3F093CEA6893CE043B03A38837D05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
detail of a fertile branch (
<emphasis id="C399A0F09984E9097CB454D21F7DFC1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10130</emphasis>
, China)
<emphasis id="8ED2BB84C3671874A5B5E48D2D2AFB6D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
detail view of a flower (
<emphasis id="07ACC31330D8B1B9FD92E608909687B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10130</emphasis>
, China)
<emphasis id="609641F39726DE791920800D93F9F2C5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
detail view of an infructescence (
<emphasis id="7F4A8DB752032DB7FCD727AC11A22F5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10130</emphasis>
, China). Photograph credits:
<emphasis id="A00EE1F21307E9AA274F48A244968592" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
CC-BY, © copyright The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London
<emphasis id="6BFE7A898FA6782D89CE6598982DD54C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
S. Knapp.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12AB322D996926CE88B48E04950A95A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="04824E0BFB6A21BFBEE92FCBAD13C2B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60B38BD60F6B3B23C89E3AF0735EF523" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="06973B9C3BFF968BCB0245DDC038F1EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="7FC82B1D74A4428EC7C3E1255CAB19D6" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of S. deflexicarpum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689712" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F8728F1E1E15C2F83721F9237698B410" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="A56D6C9263CB48D20C7091C014354371" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to China (Yunnan province) and only known from few collections; potentially also present in northeastern Myanmar (
<emphasis id="97B87357027D75D9DD6199BBBC283FBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andrew s.n.</emphasis>
collected in
<normalizedToken id="F8C9EE20FEB14C5445ACAF92FF6CF24A" originalValue="Poneshee">'Poneshee'</normalizedToken>
close to the boarder with Myanmar).
</paragraph>
<caption id="D26E07803306C890085557C7EF10B31D" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689712" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph id="3E3074D6FCA948840F64D30810153727" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="AC1D10516A0CF59056134E1711C5B592" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="8DFF30984872561FD899A7183C8BC9EF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="2D442F0280664E76A277BFDFEFAF4023" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1E273022D48B78844903D920F1D3A41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="241878FF92F2F3EAD532100DC6C1F390" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B6BB084B508525FF177F4CFAAF57F98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2E0EDEC8E20BAAA8D904B3D10D39FC61" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="0F116FB99763129B276D9B66CA7D68E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in open vegetation and roadsides in semideciduous tropical forests, from 1,255 to 1,500 m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1A51BE6B41C2459F622A6477D18B56B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph id="4EA923F2D002F4B18B03627FA92E1220" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39A9D2D2856814E7D133A13E23D9DE58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
China. ku ci (
<bibRefCitation id="E498DCB8EF15D456A54022CDAFEE8FA1" author="Zhang, Z-Y" journalOrPublisher="National Taiwan University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B280" refString="Zhang, Z-Y, Lu, A, D'Arcy, WG, 1994. Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing &amp; St. Louis." title="Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing &amp; St. Louis." year="1994">Zhang et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
); Yunnan: ku ci, wan bing ci tian qie (pedicel curved and spiny, high altitude) [Mandarin] (
<emphasis id="7261090D3A51651BFDFFFC2EAE5D95A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Feng 11429</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1B04D82BD3C5D3F39EB70BBE573A210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="0B1F0A7684452BFCF929F453D514C1D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95A51921E35D55E28CE55B942335444D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="09A6383CDEAD20D5BDC6A00326E867BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<bibRefCitation id="57FC880D2DC8B7314CA3C6303BB4C457" author="Hutchings, A" journalOrPublisher="AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B105" refString="2019. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Near Threatened (NT). EOO (65,755 km2); AOO (16 km2).
<taxonomicName id="1B1B14BB857654D950ADFEAC256A33A4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="1FCD331233BBAF8A19D464235217799A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs over a relatively wide range, but there are very few collections; the paucity of collections suggest that the species is of some conservation concern, meriting further study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="985603F1656C48E175EB1739C26F8B23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2B412307714C0CA312066C3D38CFF64C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0E825BAF015E904754BA6ABEAC6E396" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="805C3F09EB693CA1680486CC2FB7A1D5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="0D4FC272D1DC851A45EFB716D3602F3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to the sympatric and very widespread
<taxonomicName id="CC80706D87BF647C06278352A3BF22E1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. violaceum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violaceum">
<emphasis id="11C9DB1C2D2A29B2F42D7679856B09C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. violaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and to the Indian endemics
<taxonomicName id="DD5A4EC3690131F89A71EA11A3B95A27" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. hovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hovei">
<emphasis id="EADD4DC028EAA0F4AF416E9FC58296BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="07713CB1B3CE3A3070A58BB2885FC017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. multiflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiflorum">
<emphasis id="80834CC4D18DC8AF250BD8BC431444B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. multiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in the analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="50E5724E5A450A00D80DAB7DDD4268A6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" author="Aubriot, X" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="199 - 223" refId="B8" refString="Aubriot, X, Singh, P, Knapp, S, 2016a. Tropical Asian species show the Old World clade of &quot;spiny solanums&quot; (subgenus Leptostemonum pro parte: Solanaceae) is not monophyletic. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 (2): 199 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" title="Tropical Asian species show the Old World clade of &quot; spiny solanums &quot; (subgenus Leptostemonum pro parte: Solanaceae) is not monophyletic." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" volume="181" year="2016 a">Aubriot et al. (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
it is part of a monophyletic group with those species. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="B173E337FBE11D2B437B57DA04E34F7A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. violaceum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violaceum">
<emphasis id="A0396B519961CA9978CCC3D33320D893" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. violaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its condensed inflorescences with white rather than violet flowers and strongly down-curved fruiting pedicels; the fruiting pedicels of
<taxonomicName id="A98F4E8635F25CD2A43D6D43D2A2E756" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. violaceum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violaceum">
<emphasis id="10091DA67B1506BF3ECD4197A04A2AD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. violaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more spaced, straight and are strongly spreading from the axis.
<taxonomicName id="58096E4EA27649009471E05B8AF48FAC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum deflexiflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexiflorum">
<emphasis id="69198D099AF50F0DB707813AD633D23E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum deflexiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="6DCDE90B044D1496B3B1620A2EAA812F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. hovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hovei">
<emphasis id="0377EE9ED941B0895FEA76A4B163285E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its recurved fruiting pedicels (straight in
<taxonomicName id="729E913D3AC58671FC3587FF71C3252E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. hovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hovei">
<emphasis id="9E0719C4FEFA1D9A3895E8F80DBC07AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and truncate, oblique (versus attenuate) leaf bases. The inflorescences of
<taxonomicName id="F055E9164061F16627A599839CD94BB4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. multiflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiflorum">
<emphasis id="84764F8B156D2FCA0C69FF27CCAB278C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. multiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similarly condensed, but
<taxonomicName id="C315672D56A3554788FD2D4F6B851AAB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. deflexicarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deflexicarpum">
<emphasis id="3A3BA3214ABBB28693AA7D853848110E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. deflexicarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from that species in its more compact trichomes, fewer flowers per inflorescence, and its distribution in southern China.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2A8E8346E36536E0E915345643892CEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0E8BFC2EDED628E6DB5C185967D035FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="664BB00ACBB2D7DF3011815791D4CE7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. materials 1-3.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>