292 lines
38 KiB
XML
292 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="632D6379149E74C36F26DDC2A5A06523">A taxonomic study on the genus Zethus Fabricius from Hong Kong, with proposal of a new synonym (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A11957489F233A70AFE5FD48E120EBE">Yeh, Wen-Chi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="29B652BDEA4D8EB7A1EF9F220AEE6002">Barthélémy, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F45D54488BA824438ACF4D2DB21547EA">Sai Kung, Hong Kong, China. chb 99 @ netvigator. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8234 - 6237</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B4F3C86775FCBD0763E91DBB7F502994">2023</mods:date>
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<heading id="320B62000A39FA176687FA2DFD4EF9AD" bold="true" box="[151,758,1527,1554]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A39FA176687FA2DFD4EF9AD" ID-CoL="7GFJQ" authority="Giordani Soika, 1995" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,758,1527,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri" subGenus="Zethastrum">
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<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176687FA2DFD4EF9AD" bold="true" box="[151,758,1527,1554]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176687FA2DFF52F9AD" bold="true" box="[151,234,1527,1554]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Zethus</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA1766EBFA2DFE3FF9AD" bold="true" box="[251,391,1527,1554]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Zethastrum</emphasis>
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)
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||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176789FA2DFE5EF9AD" bold="true" box="[409,486,1527,1554]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">bakeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6DA89D0A39FA1767FDFA22FD4EF9AD" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[493,758,1528,1554]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" pagination="91 - 99" refId="ref4426" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1995) Nuovi Eumenidi della Regione Orientale e della Papuasia. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 44, 91 - 99." type="journal article" year="1995">Giordani Soika, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="21E686E70A39FA176687F9E6FE20F92D" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A39FA176687F9E6FC13F9EA" blockId="9.[151,1436,1596,1682]" box="[151,939,1596,1621]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="49ECF2420A39FA176687F9E6FC13F9EA" box="[151,939,1596,1621]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<treatmentCitation id="E85DF37D0A39FA176687F9E6FD90F9EB" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,552,1596,1620]" page="92" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" year="1995">
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||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A39FA176687F9E6FD90F9EB" ID-CoL="7GFJQ" authority="Giordani Soika, 1995: 92" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,552,1596,1620]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176687F9E6FE9AF9EB" box="[151,290,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Zethus bakeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6DA89D0A39FA176738F9E6FD90F9EB" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[296,552,1596,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" pagination="91 - 99" refId="ref4426" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1995) Nuovi Eumenidi della Regione Orientale e della Papuasia. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 44, 91 - 99." type="journal article" year="1995">Giordani Soika, 1995: 92</bibRefCitation>
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—“
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A39FA17645CF9E6FD0EF9EB" box="[588,694,1596,1620]" name="Singapore" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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” (
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<typeStatus id="B6476BCE0A39FA1764DCF9E6FC91F9EB" box="[716,809,1596,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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||
<specimenCount id="7FFA1EE50A39FA176523F9E7FCFEF9EB" box="[819,838,1597,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, MSNV).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A39FA176687F981FE20F92D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1596,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="49ECF2420A39FA176687F981FE20F92D" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<treatmentCitation id="E85DF37D0A39FA176687F981FD36F9CC" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[151,654,1627,1651]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/566987F5C220D46EAEE2FDCDCB91EC4C" page="705" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" year="2010">
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<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A39FA176687F981FD36F9CC" authority="Gusenleitner, 2010: 704 - 705" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="704 - 705" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,654,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malayanus">
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||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176687F981FEEBF9CC" box="[151,339,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Zethus malayanus</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="D994DF310A39FA17674EF981FD36F9CC" box="[350,654,1627,1651]" collectionCode="OLML" country="Malaysia" location="Cameron Highlands" municipality="Batu" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Perak" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6DA89D0A39FA17674EF981FD36F9CC" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[350,654,1627,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" pagination="695 - 709" refId="ref4498" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2010) Bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen-Funde aus der orientalischen Region Teil 5 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 (1), 695 - 709." type="journal article" year="2010">Gusenleitner, 2010: 704–705</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 15–19—“
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<collectingRegion id="AB381B8E0A39FA17653FF981FCD6F9CC" box="[815,878,1627,1651]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Perak</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<location id="6C2383B70A39FA17656DF981FBF7F9CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E155647A0A39FA156687FA2DFA32FD4E:6C2383B70A39FA17656DF981FBF7F9CC" box="[893,1103,1627,1651]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Batu" name="Cameron Highlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" stateProvince="Perak">Cameron Highlands</location>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="89274F160A39FA17624DF986FB37F9CC" box="[1117,1167,1628,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Batu</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A39FA17628EF981FB45F9CC" box="[1182,1277,1627,1651]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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” (
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<typeStatus id="B6476BCE0A39FA176308F981FACDF9CC" box="[1304,1397,1627,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCount id="7FFA1EE50A39FA176393F986FA2EF9CC" box="[1411,1430,1628,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, OLML), “
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<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA17673FF9A0FE34F92D" bold="true" box="[303,396,1658,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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”
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="21E686E70A39FA156687F91AFC3BFDA6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="531" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A39FA176687F91AFC56F965" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" box="[151,1006,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA176687F91AFE39F965" bold="true" box="[151,385,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="D994DF310A39FA176797F91AFC52F965" box="[391,1002,1728,1754]" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="Coll. Baker" country="Singapore" location="SINGAPORE" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A39FA176797F91AFD89F965" box="[391,561,1728,1754]" name="Singapore" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
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—
|
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<specimenCount id="7FFA1EE50A39FA176440F91AFDDEF965" box="[592,614,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectorName id="C409B0BA0A39FA176462F91AFD4EF965" box="[626,758,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Coll. Baker</collectorName>
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; (
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<typeStatus id="B6476BCE0A39FA176519F91AFCD7F965" box="[777,879,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectionCode id="0FED4DA90A39FA17656BF91AFC5AF965" box="[891,994,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">MSNVE</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A39FA1766D7F93EFF4FF89D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<materialsCitation id="D994DF310A39FA1766D7F93EFF4BF89D" collectingDate="2006-06-06" collectionCode="FACT" collectorName="W. - C. Yeh" country="China" latitude="22.490364" location="Hong Kong" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="114.18337" municipality="Hok Tau" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A39FA1766D7F93EFE98F941" box="[199,288,1764,1790]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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—
|
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<location id="6C2383B70A39FA17672DF93EFE78F940" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E155647A0A39FA156687FA2DFA32FD4E:6C2383B70A39FA17672DF93EFE78F940" box="[317,448,1764,1791]" country="China" latitude="22.490364" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="114.18337" municipality="Hok Tau" name="Hong Kong" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Hong Kong</location>
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• 1♁;
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<collectingMunicipality id="89274F160A39FA17641BF93EFDD7F940" box="[523,623,1764,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Hok Tau</collectingMunicipality>
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;
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,
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;
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<collectorName id="C409B0BA0A39FA1765F0F93EFBEDF941" box="[992,1109,1764,1790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">W.-C. Yeh</collectorName>
|
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leg.;
|
||
<collectingMethod id="B0BDAD7B0A39FA176284F93EFB40F940" box="[1172,1272,1764,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">hand net</collectingMethod>
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;
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<date id="1D42F3AC0A39FA176314F93EFA20F941" box="[1284,1432,1764,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" value="2006-06-06">
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<collectingDate id="0D060A440A39FA176314F93EFA20F941" box="[1284,1432,1764,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529" value="2006-06-06">06 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
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</date>
|
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; (
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<collectionCode id="0FED4DA90A39FA17668FF8D2FF53F89D" box="[159,235,1800,1826]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">FACT</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A39FA1766D7F8F6FBF7F845" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis id="5B88097E0A39FA1766D7F8F6FD83F8F9" bold="true" box="[199,571,1836,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Diagnostic description. Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA17645CF8F6FD75F8F9" box="[588,717,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 22–26</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body black with yellowish tegula, tibia adorned outside with dense and long pale yellowish hair (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA176425F88AFD33F8D5" box="[565,651,1872,1898]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus broader than long, apical margin straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA1762F6F88AFA84F8D5" box="[1254,1340,1872,1898]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegula oval, apex slightly incurved and obtuse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA176478F8AEFD06F831" box="[616,702,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Propodeum nearly vertical, dorsal side shallowly foveate, both lateral and submedian carinae indiscernible, bf linear (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA1764E5F842FCF1F80D" box="[757,841,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal Sg1 slim and long, four times as long as wide; Sg2 strongly petiolate with basal petiole around 1/4 as long as the segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA176223F866FB3EF868" box="[1075,1158,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Zethus bakeri, female holotype. 22, head in frontal view; 23, tegula; 24, female lateral habitus; 25, metasoma in dorsal view; 26, propodeum in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
), S3 with median part of apical margin protruding backwards, forming a crescent protuberance (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A39FA1765FFF83AFBFAF845" box="[1007,1090,2016,2042]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="529">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D8385E40A3AFA146687F85AFD8AF85F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8313737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313737/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="530" startId="10.[151,264,1920,1944]" targetBox="[194,1394,193,1883]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="6943D56C0A3AFA146687F85AFD8AF85F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1920,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA146687F85AFEF5F827" bold="true" box="[151,333,1920,1944]" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">FIGURES 34–39</emphasis>
|
||
. Male genital structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3AFA146472F85AFD1EF827" box="[610,678,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA146472F85AFD1EF827" box="[610,678,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">Zethus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 34, 36, 37,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3AFA146533F85BFC19F827" authorityName="Nguyen and Carpenter" authorityYear="2016" box="[803,929,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA146533F85BFC19F827" box="[803,929,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">Z. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 35, 38, 39,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3AFA14620FF85BFBC3F827" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1995" box="[1055,1147,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA14620FF85BFBC3F827" box="[1055,1147,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">Z. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 34 & 35, left volsella, inner view; 36 & 38, aedeagus in lateral view; 37 & 39, aedeagus in ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA146586F87EFC09F803" bold="true" box="[918,945,1956,1980]" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">ap</emphasis>
|
||
, basal apodeme of aedeagus;
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA1462CDF87EFB45F803" bold="true" box="[1245,1277,1956,1980]" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">lvv</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral lobe of penis valve;
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3AFA146707F812FE8BF85F" bold="true" box="[279,307,1992,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="530">pb</emphasis>
|
||
, basal plate of aedeagus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6943D56C0A3BFA1566D7FF4DFA2AFEA2" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1566D7FF4DFEBCFF0E" bold="true" box="[199,260,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA156702FF4DFE2DFF0E" box="[274,405,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Figs 27–31</figureCitation>
|
||
). Differing from female mainly in the following: Clypeus with a large yellow spot at middle, mandibles largely yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA1567D5FF61FDA3FF6A" box="[453,539,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antenna with F3–F9 ventrally adorned with dense and long whitish hair tufts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA15668FFF05FF4AFF46" box="[159,242,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
), F11 bullet-shaped with apex obtusely pointed and reaching at the base of F
|
||
<quantity id="AE0478890A3BFA156240FF05FBC1FF46" box="[1104,1145,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||
appressed condition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA15637FFF05FF0FFEA2" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegula black, hairs of tibia not especially dense and long; both Sg1 and basal petiole of Sg2 shorter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA156321FED9FA3DFEA2" box="[1329,1413,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[152,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 27–31. Zethus bakeri, male. 27, lateral habitus; 28, head in frontal view; 29, apical lamella of S3; 30 & 31, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6943D56C0A3BFA1566D7FEFCFC3BFDA6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1566D7FEFCFE8DFEFF" bold="true" box="[199,309,294,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA156755FEFDFE1AFEFE" box="[325,418,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1396,1420]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,429,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-128@9.[219,1368,417,1372]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–33. Male genitalia of Zethus in ventral view. 32, Z. angulatus; 33, Z. bakeri. crv, volsellar ridge; cu, cupis; di, digitus; go, gonocoxite; lbd, basal lobe of digitus; ldd, distal lobe of digitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313735/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA1567BFFEFCFD9BFEFE" box="[431,547,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–39" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,193,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[181,1407,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–39. Male genital structures of Zethus, 34, 36, 37, Z. angulatus; 35, 38, 39, Z. bakeri. 34 & 35, left volsella, inner view; 36 & 38, aedeagus in lateral view; 37 & 39, aedeagus in ventral view. ap, basal apodeme of aedeagus; lvv, ventral lobe of penis valve; pb, basal plate of aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313737/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">35, 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apex of genital capsule strongly curved inwards, volsellar ridge unarmed and nearly smooth. Cuspis long with apex reaching apex of genital capsule (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA1565D4FE91FBA0FEDA" box="[964,1048,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1396,1420]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,429,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-128@9.[219,1368,417,1372]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–33. Male genitalia of Zethus in ventral view. 32, Z. angulatus; 33, Z. bakeri. crv, volsellar ridge; cu, cupis; di, digitus; go, gonocoxite; lbd, basal lobe of digitus; ldd, distal lobe of digitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313735/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
), adorned with dense thin hairs on inner side. Digitus petal-shaped, largely membranous and concave on ventral side; lbd transversely triangular and adorned with many tiny sensory cones and few short hairs, ldd finger-like and curved with rounded apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA15632BFE49FA37FE12" box="[1339,1423,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–39" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,193,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[181,1407,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–39. Male genital structures of Zethus, 34, 36, 37, Z. angulatus; 35, 38, 39, Z. bakeri. 34 & 35, left volsella, inner view; 36 & 38, aedeagus in lateral view; 37 & 39, aedeagus in ventral view. ap, basal apodeme of aedeagus; lvv, ventral lobe of penis valve; pb, basal plate of aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313737/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus in lateral view with lvv erect and rectangular, basally attenuating into a horn-like protuberance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA15632CFE6DFA37FE6E" box="[1340,1423,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–39" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,193,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[181,1407,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–39. Male genital structures of Zethus, 34, 36, 37, Z. angulatus; 35, 38, 39, Z. bakeri. 34 & 35, left volsella, inner view; 36 & 38, aedeagus in lateral view; 37 & 39, aedeagus in ventral view. ap, basal apodeme of aedeagus; lvv, ventral lobe of penis valve; pb, basal plate of aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313737/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
), ap roundly curved at middle, pb very short and obtuse at apex; in ventral view, apical half of lvv expanding and rounded, ap angulately incurved at basal 1/4, pb rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C7C9E90A3BFA156533FE25FCCFFDA6" box="[803,887,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–39" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,193,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[181,1407,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–39. Male genital structures of Zethus, 34, 36, 37, Z. angulatus; 35, 38, 39, Z. bakeri. 34 & 35, left volsella, inner view; 36 & 38, aedeagus in lateral view; 37 & 39, aedeagus in ventral view. ap, basal apodeme of aedeagus; lvv, ventral lobe of penis valve; pb, basal plate of aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8313737/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21E686E70A3BFA1566D7FDF9FA87FD72" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6943D56C0A3BFA1566D7FDF9FA87FD72" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1566D7FDF9FE8CFD82" bold="true" box="[199,308,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: We examined the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6476BCE0A3BFA15647AFDF9FD74FD82" box="[618,716,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3BFA1564E7FDF9FCE7FD82" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1995" box="[759,863,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1564E7FDF9FCE7FD82" box="[759,863,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Z. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and compared it with high resolution images, the original description and figures of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6476BCE0A3BFA15644AFD9DFD04FDDE" box="[602,700,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3BFA156550FD9DFC62FDDE" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2010" box="[832,986,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA156550FD9DFC62FDDE" box="[832,986,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Z. malayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The result did not reveal any distinct difference separating them; hence, we confirm that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3BFA1564C6FDB1FCD4FD3A" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2010" box="[726,876,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1564C6FDB1FCD4FD3A" box="[726,876,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Z. malayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3BFA156265FDB1FB62FD3A" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1995" box="[1141,1242,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA156265FDB1FB62FD3A" box="[1141,1242,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Z. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA156309FDB1FA24FD3A" box="[1305,1436,619,645]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
male was compared with the description and figures of the Guangdong male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFCAEEF0A3BFA15620DFD55FB0CFD16" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2010" box="[1053,1204,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA15620DFD55FB0CFD16" box="[1053,1204,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Z. malayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6DA89D0A3BFA156336FD55FEB3FD72" author="Nguyen, L. T. P. & Xu, Z. - F." pageId="11" pageNumber="531" pagination="596 - 600" refId="ref4774" refString="Nguyen, L. T. P. & Xu, Z. - F. (2017) First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 4272 (4), 596 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.4.10" type="journal article" year="2017">Nguyen & Xu (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and there was no convincible evidence either that could differentiate the males from each other.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21E686E70A3BFA1566D7FD0CFA32FD4E" box="[199,1418,726,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6943D56C0A3BFA1566D7FD0CFA32FD4E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,753]" box="[199,1418,726,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B88097E0A3BFA1566D7FD0CFEE1FD4F" bold="true" box="[199,345,726,752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Distribution</emphasis>
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||
:
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA156778FD0DFE64FD4E" box="[360,476,727,753]" name="Singapore" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA1567F8FD0DFDE9FD4E" box="[488,593,727,753]" name="Malaysia" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA15644CFD0DFD03FD4E" box="[604,699,727,753]" name="Vietnam" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6DA89D0A3BFA1564D9FD0DFC47FD4E" author="Nguyen, L. T. P. & Carpenter, J. M." box="[713,1023,727,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="531" pagination="24 - 32" refId="ref4709" refString="Nguyen, L. T. P. & Carpenter, J. M. (2016) Taxonomic review of the genus Zethus Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam with descriptions of four new species. Entomological Science, 20 (1), 24 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / ens. 12218" type="journal article" year="2016">Nguyen & Carpenter, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA156202FD0DFBEDFD4E" box="[1042,1109,727,753]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">China</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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||
<collectingRegion id="AB381B8E0A3BFA156273FD0DFB52FD4E" box="[1123,1258,727,753]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="11EB95FC0A3BFA1562E6FD0DFAC6FD4E" box="[1270,1406,727,753]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="11" pageNumber="531">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |