240 lines
32 KiB
XML
240 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="E4F42FA104418C799BAB8B01DCFF4AE6" ID-CLB-Dataset="26061" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="72dd17e4-7c47-41d2-b49b-971d6b63ba7f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3363653" ID-ZooBank="04D7DC4C-5EBC-4C5A-9E68-7795E8E60ECA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1565270468486" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Halász, Anna, Mcfadden, Catherine S., Toonen, Robert & Benayahu, Yehuda" docDate="2019" docId="967E5C11AC24900BFF5AFA3D1596F87D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4652.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4652 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xenia fusca , Schenk 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="212" masterDocId="6A472469AC2E9000FFCDFFF8171FFF97" masterDocTitle="Re-description of type material of Xenia Lamarck, 1816 (Octocorallia: Xeniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="211" updateTime="1698749242854" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="FFF6410E7B0A739F6B80B384701211CB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C8E666EF91E638F3E1AC67AB328FECE1">
|
||
<mods:title id="E6DCF51C124C31AB9C933903C5CA9056">Re-description of type material of Xenia Lamarck, 1816 (Octocorallia: Xeniidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="1E0CFACDCD4D3F9ADE1D11B70F63E3FB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="993E1C451650A074770844D789DE0032">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C31FA9AA530543F2EDBB2EFF830D6154">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FBF7EC8F0F9CB99D1CB4281A401A4E96">Halász, Anna</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B1A1860901BF417E12312B2B6E394FB0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="80DF5F5C87F40CFBEFAE85585E4FF2C5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="10701F987E48479BE549119E49111253">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="476650B7B47611822A3102E5406F4124">Mcfadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="59B65F08ECF82FCB00B3026C824D008B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E70865FC0F9BD925698674AF97D8EB6F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="11254DAF2597AF5927630B500BFE0EDA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="009D14AFC83BA88A191366998AD83F1C">Toonen, Robert</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C78841E7E6B36569BD806DA8EB0956C0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F36B62A72A7A33AAEA6F3058F963F2D2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="68AD2938CD6EC6685BE89A75DE586E35">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5323387467B18057C78EFBD69C009415">Benayahu, Yehuda</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="10A1E94116B905E28C476D5F72BFBFB5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="FB9B5F096243AFA1EC0B6715F1E0E60A" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E53910666F0A5FBAFAC36FBA18935403">
|
||
<mods:title id="DF6E81B3626F2F201275AA9C333AC263">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="B0FA4F41558361C6AA3C2C940FF6BE82">
|
||
<mods:date id="EE64CD48D90E1328E2BE6D60BCC94D70">2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3C4E73DFD78D16D5F821DEC540D81D39" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="B0B705A195489AD40EB7AF3BA98C8E54">2019-08-08</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A20EDFB3A9E8340C7CD6020153AD5D77" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="74252A5912411F06C9A272DE8FB1BC59">4652</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1C64B159E42DA9B815B28FEF9FD3361F" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="27DA03CAC1B2ED3987D9104995B8D274">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="06FA1B17E3C73874A58BF247C4AE8898" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="442C3153787DCF4A338658CE54CA39DC">201</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="13829F241B5DEBBE58DDF2EF027A1959">239</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5B2D91E1623241114372F58F3D459CD4">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ED922AB1D3B09AE97A833320A7D0D125" type="CLB-Dataset">26061</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2F0E1FBC208894EF60E5A98272743290" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CAD148BD22F3D17B25FEF28F28DBF7E2" type="GBIF-Dataset">72dd17e4-7c47-41d2-b49b-971d6b63ba7f</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6B5A9895FBC7883889A05FFE528A1544" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A47DE59F9F8DBFE364592F94B5471A18" type="Zenodo-Dep">3363653</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5E018ADF4932087FDAE130C81FC17351" type="ZooBank">04D7DC4C-5EBC-4C5A-9E68-7795E8E60ECA</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="967E5C11AC24900BFF5AFA3D1596F87D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5944962" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159044036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5944962" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967E5C11AC24900BFF5AFA3D1596F87D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/967E5C11AC24900BFF5AFA3D1596F87D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC24900AFF5AFA3D16CCFA48" box="[151,467,1477,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF5AFA3D16CCFA48" blockId="10.[151,467,1477,1536]" box="[151,467,1477,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<heading id="45205A6BAC24900AFF5AFA3D16CCFA48" bold="true" box="[151,467,1477,1503]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC24900AFF5AFA3D16CCFA48" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,467,1477,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF5AFA3D16CCFA48" bold="true" box="[151,467,1477,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF5AFA3D1638FA48" bold="true" box="[151,295,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Xenia fusca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC24900AFEE3FA3D16CCFA48" author="Schenk, A." box="[302,467,1477,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC24900AFF5AFA1F17C6F997" box="[151,217,1511,1536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF5AFA1F17C6F997" blockId="10.[151,467,1477,1536]" box="[151,217,1511,1536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC24900AFF5AFA1F17C6F997" box="[151,217,1511,1536]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC24900AFF5AF9C916DBF9D1" box="[151,452,1584,1606]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF5AF9C916DBF9D1" blockId="10.[151,452,1584,1606]" box="[151,452,1584,1606]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3EC7CA29AC24900AFF5AF9C916DBF9D1" box="[151,452,1584,1606]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC24900AFF5AF9C916DBF9D1" authority="Schenk, 1896: 59" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityPageNumber="59" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,452,1584,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF5AF9C91612F9D1" box="[151,269,1584,1606]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Xenia fusca</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9F76CB16AC24900AFED9F9C816DBF9D1" author="Schenk, A." box="[276,452,1584,1606]" page="59" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" year="1896">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC24900AFED9F9C816DBF9D1" author="Schenk, A." box="[276,452,1584,1606]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC24900BFF5AF98A1596F87D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF5AF98A1330F91C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1650,2035]" box="[151,1071,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF5AF98A1619F91C" bold="true" box="[151,262,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AEBFE75AAC24900AFEC0F98A1330F91C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313475028" box="[269,1071,1650,1675]" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="W. Kukenthal." country="Indonesia" location="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" specimenCode="SMF 40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFEC0F98A1668F91C" bold="true" box="[269,375,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC24900AFEC0F98A166DF91C" box="[269,370,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="4E71457CAC24900AFEB3F98B16C4F91C" box="[382,475,1651,1675]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">SMF 40</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC24900AFE2AF98A1548F91C" box="[487,599,1650,1675]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC24900AFDAFF98B141CF91C" box="[610,771,1650,1675]" name="Ternate Island" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Ternate Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1894, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="B32288D1AC24900AFC40F98B1330F91C" box="[909,1071,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">W. Kükenthal.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF0AF96E14C7F8A8" blockId="10.[151,1436,1650,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF0AF96E1646F938" bold="true" box="[199,345,1686,1711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC24900AFE5DF96F16F8F938" box="[400,487,1687,1711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFDCBF96F154AF939" box="[518,597,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; its stalk is
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFCC2F96F1441F939" box="[783,862,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFC06F96F1306F939" box="[971,1049,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at its base,
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFB1BF96E123BF939" box="[1238,1316,1686,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at its uppermost part. The polyp body is up to
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFDA4F94315B4F945" box="[617,683,1723,1747]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and the tentacles are up to
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFBEAF9421385F945" box="[1063,1178,1722,1747]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, featuring mostly four rows of pinnules along each of the tentacle margins. Occasionally 3 and even 5 rows are present. The pinnules are relatively short and stout, up to
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFDE8F8FA1596F88D" box="[549,649,1794,1819]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFD35F8FB1443F88D" box="[760,860,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFC65F8FB1314F88C" box="[936,1035,1794,1819]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="3.556" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="in" value="18.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="14.0">14–22 in</quantity>
|
||
the outermost row, spacing ranging from no gap to up to a half pinnule-wide space between adjacent pinnules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900AFF0AF8B213D2F858" blockId="10.[151,1436,1650,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
Sclerites are abundant in all parts of the colony; they are ellipsoid platelets,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC24900AFBD9F8B2134CF8F4" box="[1044,1107,1866,1891]" degrees="0.006" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" precision="55" value="0.006">0.006</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC24900AFB9EF8B213BFF8F4" box="[1107,1184,1866,1891]" degrees="0.014" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" precision="55" value="-0.014">–0.014</geoCoordinate>
|
||
X
|
||
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC24900AFB0FF8B3129FF8F5" box="[1218,1408,1867,1891]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="0.016" valueMax="0.019" valueMin="0.013">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC24900AFB0FF8B3121FF8F4" box="[1218,1280,1867,1891]" degrees="0.013" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" precision="55" value="0.013">0.013</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC24900AFACDF8B31252F8F4" box="[1280,1357,1867,1891]" degrees="0.019" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" precision="55" value="-0.019">–0.019</geoCoordinate>
|
||
mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC24900AFEC4F8961667F810" box="[265,376,1902,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6a, n</figureCitation>
|
||
=20). The sclerites are composed of dendritic rods assembled within the sclerite interior (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC24900AFAA2F89617A9F83C" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
|
||
), providing a granular appearance to the sclerite surface. Few fractured sclerites were observed, and they remained intact after preparation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC24900AFDD9F84E1579F858" box="[532,614,1974,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ethanol-preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC24900AFCB0F84E14C0F858" box="[893,991,1974,1999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is dark gray in color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC24900BFF0AF82217F7FEF3" blockId="10.[151,1436,1650,2035]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFF0AF8221624F864" bold="true" box="[199,315,2010,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC24900AFD5BF82414B6F864" authority=", Schenk (1896)" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[662,937,2010,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC24900AFD5BF82415EDF864" box="[662,754,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">X. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC24900AFCCFF82214B6F864" author="Schenk, A." box="[770,937,2010,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicated that the species has 6–7 irregular rows of pinnules and 13–14 pinnules in each row, as opposed to the current findings that revealed mostly four rows and 14–22 pinnules in the outermost row. The dimensions of the sclerites obtained in the current study correspond to the original description. The sclerites of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC25900BFD60FF1815C2FF6F" box="[685,733,224,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFCCBFF191494FF6F" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[774,907,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFCCBFF191494FF6F" box="[774,907,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Xenia fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those commonly occurring among other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFF14FEFD1605FE8B" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[217,282,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFF14FEFD1605FE8B" box="[217,282,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Xenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFE70FEFD1525FE8A" authorityName=", May" authorityYear="1899" box="[445,570,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bauiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFE70FEFD1525FE8A" box="[445,570,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. bauiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFD87FEFC1590FE8B" box="[586,655,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1171,1193]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,517,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[310,1277,517,1149]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia bauiana May, 1899 syntype (ZMB 3673). a. Ellipsoid platelets, mostly fractured; b. Fractured sclerite composed of dendritic rods, more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; Scale bar at a 0.010 mm, at b 0.005 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363657/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFD51FEFD15E3FE8A" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[668,764,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFD51FEFD15E3FE8A" box="[668,764,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. blumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFCC0FEFC144DFE8B" box="[781,850,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[309,1277,193,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[309,1277,193,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia blumi Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 44). a. Ellipsoid platelets, fractured; b. Fractured sclerite enlarged; c. Fractured sclerite composed of dendritic rods; d. Overview of sclerites. Scale bar at a, c and d 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363659/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFCADFEFD1363FE8B" authority="Bourne, 1894" authorityName="Bourne" authorityYear="1894" box="[864,1148,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFCADFEFD14CAFE8B" box="[864,981,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. garciae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC25900BFC10FEFD1363FE8B" author="Bourne, G. C." box="[989,1148,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="455 - 483" refId="ref24568" refString="Bourne, G. C. (1894) On the structure and affinities of Heliopora coerulea, Pallas. With some observations on the structure of Xenia and Heteroxenia. Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society (B), 186, 455 - 483." type="journal article" year="1894">Bourne, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFB45FEFC13DAFE8A" box="[1160,1221,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1695,1717]" captionTargetBox="[309,1277,463,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[309,1277,463,1673]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia garciae Bourne, 1894 type (BML 1921.11.18.1). a. Sclerite with a surface crest, fractured; b. Ellipsoid sclerites, fractured c. Fractured sclerite composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous and radially arranged in the peripheral region; d. Overview of sclerites, fractured. Scale bar at a, b and d 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363667/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig.7</figureCitation>
|
||
), feature a densely packed granular surface, and do not exhibit the typical radial cracks under SEM (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFBA9FED113DBFED7" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[1124,1220,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFBA9FED113DBFED7" box="[1124,1220,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. blumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFB19FEDF1207FED7" box="[1236,1304,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[309,1277,193,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[309,1277,193,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia blumi Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 44). a. Ellipsoid platelets, fractured; b. Fractured sclerite enlarged; c. Fractured sclerite composed of dendritic rods; d. Overview of sclerites. Scale bar at a, c and d 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363659/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFAEBFED1128BFED7" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[1318,1428,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFAEBFED1128BFED7" box="[1318,1428,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. plicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFF5AFEB417C4FEF3" box="[151,219,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[309,1277,547,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1277,547,1409]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia plicata Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 45). a. Ellipsoid platelets, most fractured; b. Fractured sclerite; c. Fractured sclerite, enlarged, composed of calcite rods, often dendritic and sinuous, and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.001 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363661/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4AA8BD8FAC25900BFF5AF986133BF945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" startId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" targetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC25900BFF5AF986133BF945" blockId="11.[151,1436,1662,1746]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFF5AF986160AF903" bold="true" box="[151,277,1662,1684]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFC8FF978134EF903" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[834,1105,1662,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFC8FF97814A4F903" box="[834,955,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Xenia fusca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC25900BFC09F986134EF903" author="Schenk, A." box="[964,1105,1662,1684]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC25900BFF0AF901161BF851" blockId="11.[151,1437,1785,2026]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFF0AF9011527F885" bold="true" box="[199,568,1785,1810]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Similar species and conclusion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFDF3F9021587F885" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[574,664,1786,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFDF3F9021587F885" box="[574,664,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">X. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC25900BFD00F902131FF885" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[717,1024,1785,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFD00F902147EF885" box="[717,865,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Xenia rubens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC25900BFCA5F901131FF885" author="Schenk, A." box="[872,1024,1785,1810]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feature mostly four rows of pinnules and a similar number of pinnules in the outermost row. They also share the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC25900BFB8CF8E6136EF8A1" box="[1089,1137,1822,1846]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of sclerite surface but the internal structure of their sclerites differs: the latter with wide rods and a void in the interior and the former with randomly arranged calcite rods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFDCDF89D1544F8E9" box="[512,603,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1575,1597]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,193,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[309,1278,193,1554]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia rubens Schenk, 1896 type (SMF 46). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites revealing internal void; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale bar at a 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm, at c 0.020 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363679/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC25900BFD5CF89D15BEF8E9" box="[657,673,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">6</figureCitation>
|
||
, respectively). Therefore, it is concluded that the two species should be considered as separate until further data on freshly collected colonies and their sclerite microstructure become available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC25900BFF0AF8291596F87D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1785,2026]" box="[199,649,2001,2026]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC25900BFF0AF829167FF87D" bold="true" box="[199,352,2001,2026]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC25900BFEAAF82916C7F87D" box="[359,472,2001,2026]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC25900BFE2EF82A159AF87D" box="[483,645,2001,2026]" name="Ternate Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Ternate Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |