496 lines
51 KiB
XML
496 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3382461" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fd03f669-c046-46cd-861a-6bf56b7fc989" ID-Handle="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3382461" approvalRequired="468" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="7" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="16" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="18" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="406" approvalRequired_for_treatments="19" checkinTime="1567239673843" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sahni, Ashok" docDate="1972" docId="1A7187CFFFAA171EFB2CFA63E4DB5994" docLanguage="en" docName="B147.6.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Alphadon rhaister Clemens 1966" docType="treatment" docVersion="23" lastPageNumber="384" masterDocId="E648FFB7FFEA175DFFBAFFBEE2785A7A" masterDocTitle="The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana" masterLastPageNumber="416" masterPageNumber="319" pageNumber="381" updateTime="1673867241423" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sahni, Ashok</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1972</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>147</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>6</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>319</mods:start>
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<mods:end>416</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3382461</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">fd03f669-c046-46cd-861a-6bf56b7fc989</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Handle">http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1099</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3382461</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4710522" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159397354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4710522" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A7187CFFFAA171EFB2CFA63E4DB5994" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A7187CFFFAA171EFB2CFA63E4DB5994" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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<subSubSection box="[1174,1816,1501,1537]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1068,1920,1499,2811]" box="[1174,1816,1501,1537]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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<heading box="[1174,1816,1501,1537]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="10" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="Clemens, 1966" box="[1174,1816,1501,1537]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1174,1322,1501,1537]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis box="[1386,1417,1501,1536]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1438,1554,1501,1537]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[1565,1816,1501,1537]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="64" pageNumber="381" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1386,1603,1565,1600]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1068,1920,1499,2811]" box="[1386,1603,1565,1600]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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<figureCitation box="[1386,1541,1565,1600]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="70.[478,579,785,816]" captionText="Figure 14A-K" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Figure 14</figureCitation>
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L-P
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1071,1765,1626,1663]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1068,1920,1499,2811]" box="[1071,1765,1626,1663]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1071,1203,1628,1663]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1071,1203,1628,1663]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName authority="CLEMENS, 1966" authorityName="Clemens" authorityYear="1966" box="[1261,1660,1628,1663]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1261,1289,1628,1662]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1308,1411,1628,1662]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[1423,1660,1628,1663]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="64" pageNumber="381" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">CLEMENS, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 34.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1068,1920,1499,2811]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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The presence of a large didelphid, only slightly smaller than
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<taxonomicName box="[1517,1849,1718,1754]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matutinus">
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<emphasis box="[1517,1849,1718,1754]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Boreodon matutinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is suggested by two teeth in the collection. AMNH 77372
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<emphasis box="[1196,1220,1813,1847]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">is</emphasis>
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an upper molar which resembles the teeth described by
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<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[1441,1714,1855,1892]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="64" pageNumber="381" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens (1966</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 15) as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1073,1219,1902,1938]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1073,1219,1902,1938]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName box="[1290,1460,1903,1938]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1290,1321,1903,1938]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1345,1460,1903,1938]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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obtained from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Another tooth, AMNH 77371, is also a large lower molar morphologically similar to teeth of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1518,1665,2039,2078]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1518,1665,2039,2078]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName box="[1738,1910,2042,2077]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1738,1769,2042,2077]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1790,1910,2042,2077]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. These two teeth are provisionally included within
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1207,1353,2133,2170]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1207,1353,2133,2170]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName box="[1439,1619,2134,2169]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1439,1470,2134,2169]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1501,1619,2134,2169]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Both teeth are morphologically different from corresponding teeth of
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<taxonomicName box="[1215,1520,2226,2262]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matutinus">
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<emphasis box="[1215,1520,2226,2262]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Boreodon matutinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1068,1920,1499,2811]" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">
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The status of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1358,1506,2272,2308]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1358,1506,2272,2308]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName box="[1575,1743,2272,2307]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1575,1606,2272,2307]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1628,1743,2272,2307]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is subject to question. It is unlikely that the two specimens figured by
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<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[1267,1528,2362,2399]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="64" pageNumber="381" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens (1966</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 12) are in fact an ''extreme in intraspecific variation" of
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="64" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
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<emphasis box="[1880,1912,2408,2443]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1073,1191,2456,2491]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="381">rhaister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. More probably they represent a new metatherian genus. Additional material from Clambank Hollow indicates that two taxa are present. All stylar cusps are present in AMNH 77372. Stylar cusps B, C, D are well developed, and A and E are distinct (fig. 140-P). Stylar cusp A is small and conical, and has a cingulum leading from it to the paraconule. Stylar cusp B
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="66.[146,998,363,2241]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
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is a large anteroposteriorly elongated cusp, only slightly smaller than the paracone, and connected to the paracone by a high ridge which intersects cusp B anterolingually. Cusp C is smaller than cusp B and is situated slightly lingual to it. Stylar cusp D
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<emphasis box="[404,428,598,632]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">is</emphasis>
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larger than cusp C. A ridge extends from the posterior metastyle to the metacone. The stylar shelf is broad and the labial margin relatively straight. The paracone and metacone are separated by a broad valley, and the metacone is the larger of the two cusps. The disposition of the crests arising from the paracone is characteristic. The anterior crest, originating from the metacone, is anterolabially directed toward stylar cusp C and meets the posterior crest originating from the paracone at a high angle. This condition is uncommon in species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[317,463,1147,1182]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[317,463,1147,1182]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[549,694,1148,1183]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[549,694,1148,1183]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Both paraconule and the metaconule are present. The protocone is a low cusp with relatively short ridges leading to the conules. Although its size and greater length/width ratios would indicate that it is a DP3 of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[306,450,1376,1411]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[306,450,1376,1411]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, this is unlikely. The tooth, AMNH 77372, is highly molariform, its stylar shelf is straight and very different from the condition seen for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[422,562,1515,1550]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[422,562,1515,1550]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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upper molars. Its cusps are well developed and anteroposteriorly elongate, its metacone is higher than the paracone, and both conules are present. Also, the tooth bears little resemblance to AMNH 77386, considered here to be a DP3 of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[681,827,1744,1780]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[681,827,1744,1780]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and also to DP3 of
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<taxonomicName authority="(Clemens, 1966, p. 70)" authorityName="Clemens" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityPageNumber="70" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Didelphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vorax">
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<emphasis box="[366,669,1787,1826]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Didelphodon vorax</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[714,989,1791,1826]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="66" pageNumber="383" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 70)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="66.[146,998,363,2241]" lastBlockId="66.[1071,1922,361,2244]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
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The following features set this group of teeth apart: large size, straight stylar shelf, prominent development of all stylar cusps, particularly cusps B and D, the presence of a ridge linking cusp B with the paracone, a metacone slightly higher than the paracone, a stylar shelf narrower than in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[292,436,2158,2193]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[292,436,2158,2193]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, metacone and paracone ridges directed posteriorly, W-shaped, bulbous teeth usually less transverse than in other marsupials, and finally the presence of a low protocone.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1071,1922,361,2244]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
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Specimen AMNH 77371 from Ankylosaur Point is probably an M4 of this species (fig. 1 4L- N). Its trigonid is anteroposteriorly compressed, the paraconid is as high as the metaconid, and the protoconid is broken. A short anterobasal cingulum is present. The talonid consists of a prominent hypoconid and a closely twinned, posterolingually placed, hypoconulid and entoconid. The orientation of the crista obliqua
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<emphasis box="[1893,1917,825,859]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">is</emphasis>
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more lingual than in molars of contemporary marsupials, and connects the hypoconid with the posterior margin of the metaconid. This results in narrowing of the talonid (talonid width 1.9 mm., trigonid width 2.4 mm.). The valley separating the protoconid and hypoconid is wide and shallow. A posterolabial cingulum encircles the hypoconid. The posterior root is larger than the anterior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1071,1922,361,2244]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
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Characteristics of AMNH 77371, a presumed M4, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[1226,1366,1331,1366]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1226,1366,1331,1366]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
molars are compared in
|
|
<tableCitation box="[1792,1918,1332,1368]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="67.[700,825,369,401]" captionTargetBox="[359,1181,574,1554]" captionText="TABLE 2 COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF AMNH 77371 (?M4) WITH CORRESPONDING FEATURES OF Boreodon MOLARS" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C6A76651FFA9171EFD06FECFE1D65875" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="C6A76651FFA9171EFD06FECFE1D65875">table 2.</tableCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="66.[1071,1922,361,2244]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
|
|
M
|
|
<tableCitation box="[1155,1175,1378,1413]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="80.[1429,1555,343,375]" captionTargetBox="[1087,1889,511,858]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="TABLE 4 NUMBER OF POLLEN TYPES PRESENT IN VARIOUS PALEOCENE AND CRETACEOUS FORMATIONS" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C6A76651FFBA170DFA2FFEE9E54D5BB0" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="C6A76651FFBA170DFA2FFEE9E54D5BB0">4</tableCitation>
|
|
, AMNH 77371, is the expected size for M4 of
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Matthew (1916)" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1916" box="[1216,1830,1422,1460]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Eodelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="browni">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1216,1496,1422,1459]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Eodelphis browni</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="MATTHEW, W. D." box="[1527,1830,1423,1460]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="66" pageNumber="383" pagination="447 - 500" part="35" refId="ref61861" refString="MATTHEW, W. D. 1916. A marsupial from the Belly River Cre- taceous. With critical observations upon the affinities of the Cretaceous mammals. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 35, pp. 447 - 500, figs. 1 - 4, pls. 2 - 6." title="A marsupial from the Belly River Cre- taceous. With critical observations upon the affinities of the Cretaceous mammals" type="journal article" year="1916">Matthew (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the type and only species of the genus.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Eodelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="browni">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Eodelphis browni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is based on a single jaw, and resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1076,1220,1561,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1076,1220,1561,1596]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as much as it does
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[1604,1744,1561,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1604,1744,1561,1596]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Boreodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1889" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Didelphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Didelphodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, genera to which it is usually assigned.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="66.[1071,1922,361,2244]" lastBlockId="67.[354,1208,1658,2797]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
|
|
DIscUSSION: Cretaceous marsupials are differentiated primarily on the degree and development of the stylar cusps of the upper molars, and on the orientation of the crista obliqua on the lower molars. Other features used are the relative heights of the paracone and metacone, the width of the stylar shelf, and the relative development of the conules. The stylar shelf in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1074,1221,2022,2057]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1074,1221,2022,2057]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
consists of five cusps of which cusp B is the best developed. Cusp B is separated from the parastyle (cusp A) by a valley. It is also connected to the slightly higher paracone by a high ridge. Cusp C is larger than cusp D. Specific differences between the Lance species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were made chiefly on the basis of size (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[374,643,1752,1787]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The orientation of the crista obliqua of the lower molars has been used for generic differentiation (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[774,1037,1845,1880]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3382475/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" targetBox="[373,2130,389,2580]" targetPageId="65">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="66.[149,1923,2339,2787]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">
|
|
FIG. 13.
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(Russell)" authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[321,753,2341,2373]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praesagus" status="new combination">
|
|
<emphasis box="[321,597,2341,2372]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon praesagus</emphasis>
|
|
(Russell)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[773,1049,2342,2373]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
. A. AMNH 77342, occlusal view of right maxilla with M3, M4. B. AMNH 77343, occlusal view of right M2. C. AMNH 77344, occlusal view of right M'. D. AMNH 77355, lingual view of right P3. E. Occlusal view. F. AMNH 77361, occlusal view of left M4. G. Lingual view. H. AMNH 77356, occlusal view of left mandible with M3. I. Labial view. J. Lingual view. K.?
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(Russell)" authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praesagus" status="new combination">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1643,1921,2467,2499]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon praesagus</emphasis>
|
|
(Russell)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[319,603,2508,2539]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
, AMNH 77398, occlusal view of DP3. L. Lingual view. M.
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(Russell)" authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praesagus" status="new combination">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1636,1921,2511,2542]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon praesagus</emphasis>
|
|
(Russell)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[312,586,2549,2581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
, AMNH 77358, lingual view of right mandible with M2 and P3 talonid. N. Occlusal view. 0.?
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[328,536,2590,2621]" class="Mammalia" family="Pediomyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pediomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, AMNH 77375, occlusal view of right upper molar.
|
|
<emphasis box="[1433,1562,2593,2623]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Pediormys</emphasis>
|
|
clemensi,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1724,1915,2593,2623]" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
. P. AMNH 77373, occlusal view of left upper molar. Q. AMNH 77376, occlusal view of right lower molar. R. Lingual view. S. AMNH 77377, occlusal view of right lower molar. T. Lingual view.
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Sahni, 1972" authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" box="[1596,1836,2674,2706]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="66" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halleyi" status="new species">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1596,1836,2674,2706]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="383">Alphadon halleyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="66" pageNumber="383" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
. U. AMNH 77367, occlusal view of left lower molar. V. Lingual view. W. AMNH 77370, occlusal view of left upper molar. All x 10.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption ID-Table-UUID="C6A76651FFA9171EFD06FECFE1D65875" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C6A76651FFA9171EFD06FECFE1D65875" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" targetBox="[359,1181,574,1554]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="67">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="67.[359,1206,369,527]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<heading allCaps="true" box="[700,861,369,401]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" reason="4">TABLE 2</heading>
|
|
<heading allCaps="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" reason="5">
|
|
<emphasis box="[360,552,412,443]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">COMPARISON</emphasis>
|
|
OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF AMNH 77371 (?M4) WITH CORRESPONDING FEATURES
|
|
</heading>
|
|
OF
|
|
<emphasis box="[672,942,496,527]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[672,798,496,527]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Boreodon</taxonomicName>
|
|
MOLARS
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<table box="[359,1181,574,1554]" gridcols="4" gridrows="23" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,574,606]" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<th box="[405,776,574,606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">AMNH 77371</th>
|
|
<th box="[840,1181,574,606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[920,1046,574,606]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[920,1046,574,606]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Boreodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,640,673]" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,385,640,673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">1.</th>
|
|
<td box="[405,776,640,673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Paraconid crescentic,</td>
|
|
<td box="[795,821,640,673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">1.</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,640,673]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Cylindrical</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,683,714]" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,683,714]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">anteroposteriorly</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,724,757]" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,724,757]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">compressed</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,767,800]" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,385,767,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">2.</th>
|
|
<td box="[405,776,767,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Anterior cingulum</td>
|
|
<td box="[795,821,767,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">2.</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,767,800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Better developed,</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,808,840]" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,808,840]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">short</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,808,840]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">continuous on labial</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,849,882]" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,849,882]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">side, marked by</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,892,923]" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,892,923]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">rugosities</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,933,966]" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,385,933,966]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">3.</th>
|
|
<td box="[405,776,933,966]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Hypoconulid and</td>
|
|
<td box="[795,821,933,966]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">3.</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,933,966]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Farther apart</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,977,1008]" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,977,1008]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">entoconid close</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1019,1051]" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1019,1051]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">together</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1059,1093]" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,385,1059,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">4.</th>
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1059,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Crista obliqua</td>
|
|
<td box="[795,821,1059,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">4.</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1059,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Crista obliqua</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1102,1135]" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1102,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">intersects protoconid-</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1102,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">intersects posterior to</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1144,1177]" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1144,1177]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">metaconid wall</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1144,1177]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">protoconid, labial to</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1186,1219]" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1186,1219]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">posterior to metaconid,</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1186,1219]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">the valley separating</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1228,1261]" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1228,1261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">and lingual to the</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1228,1261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">the metaconid and</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1270,1303]" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1270,1303]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">valley separating the</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1270,1303]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">protoconid</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1313,1345]" gridrow="17" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,1313,1345]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">metaconid and</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1355,1386]" gridrow="18" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,1355,1386]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">protoconid</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1395,1427]" gridrow="19" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,385,1395,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">5.</th>
|
|
<td box="[405,821,1395,1427]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Talonid very narrow 5.</td>
|
|
<td box="[840,1181,1395,1427]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Talonid broad</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1437,1470]" gridrow="20" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<th box="[359,1181,1437,1470]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">and basined (talonid</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1480,1513]" gridrow="21" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,776,1480,1513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">width 1.9 mm.,</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr box="[359,1181,1520,1554]" gridrow="22" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
|
<td box="[405,821,1520,1554]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">trigonid width 2.4 mm.)</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption box="[1592,1812,1845,1880]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="67.[1277,2130,1845,2798]" box="[1592,1812,1845,1880]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<figureCitation box="[1592,1812,1845,1880]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Figure 13P-T</figureCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="67.[354,1208,1658,2797]" lastBlockId="67.[1281,2131,368,1008]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
The three Campanian species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[989,1139,1891,1927]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[989,1139,1891,1927]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praesagus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1163,1194,1893,1926]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[354,508,1942,1971]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">praesagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" box="[533,692,1938,1972]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halleyi">
|
|
<emphasis box="[533,564,1939,1971]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[589,692,1938,1972]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">halleyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[800,946,1937,1972]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[800,946,1937,1972]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
cf.
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1021,1194,1938,1972]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1021,1052,1940,1971]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[1077,1194,1938,1972]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">rhaister</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, are ancestral to later Maestrichtian forms.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halleyi">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1164,1195,1985,2018]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[358,458,2029,2064]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">halleyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is poorly known and similar in size to
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lulli">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1164,1195,2030,2063]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[359,426,2076,2110]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">lulli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[448,594,2075,2110]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[448,594,2075,2110]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
cf.
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[664,831,2077,2110]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhaister">
|
|
<emphasis box="[664,695,2077,2110]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[717,831,2077,2110]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">rhaister</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
may be synonymous with
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1916" box="[453,725,2120,2155]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Eodelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="browni">
|
|
<emphasis box="[453,725,2120,2155]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Eodelphis browni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but this cannot be shown conclusively as yet. Among the commonest marsupials in the two faunas are
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sahni" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[883,1084,2214,2247]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praesagus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[883,914,2214,2247]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[933,1084,2216,2247]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">praesagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the Campanian and
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[660,814,2260,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marshi">
|
|
<emphasis box="[660,691,2260,2293]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[713,814,2260,2293]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">marshi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the Maestrichtian. Apart from a size difference between the two forms, other morphological dissimilarities seem to be present, but these are at a specific, rather than at a higher level. The most obvious of these differences are in the structure of the lower premolars, structure of the upper molar stylar shelf, and the morphology of M4.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="CLEMENS, W. A." box="[894,1197,2578,2613]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci." pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="1 - 122" part="62" refId="ref56477" refString="1966. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia. Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci., vol. 62, pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 77, tables 1 - 24." title="Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Pt. 2. Marsupialia" type="journal article" year="1966">Clemens's (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="LILLEGRAVEN, J. A." box="[442,791,2625,2660]" journalOrPublisher="Univ. Kansas Paleont. Contrib." pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="1 - 122" part="50" refId="ref60830" refString="LILLEGRAVEN, J. A. 1969. Latest Cretaceous mammals of upper part of Edmonton Formation of Alberta, Canada, and review of marsupial-placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution. Univ. Kansas Paleont. Contrib., art. 50 (Vertebrata 12), pp. 1 - 122, figs. 1 - 53, tables 1 - 2 1." title="Latest Cretaceous mammals of upper part of Edmonton Formation of Alberta, Canada, and review of marsupial-placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution." type="journal article" year="1969">Lillegraven's (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
detailed discussions of the ancestors and descendants of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1054,1200,2670,2705]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1054,1200,2670,2705]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
greatly increase knowledge about marsupial origins, and also about their Tertiary history. At the time Clemens published on the Lance marsupials little was known about the earlier Campanian fauna. Clemens rightly pointed out that
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[1383,1527,509,544]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1383,1527,509,544]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Boreodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, although primitive in certain respects, is more advanced than
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1970,2123,555,590]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1970,2123,555,590]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[1281,1425,601,636]" class="Mammalia" family="Stagodontidae" genus="Boreodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1281,1425,601,636]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Boreodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, however, shares with
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1927" box="[1871,2019,601,636]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Alphadon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1871,2019,601,636]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Alphadon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
common features, such as the great width of the stylar shelf, and the prominence of stylar cusp
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2105,2130,693,728]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">B</emphasis>
|
|
and prominence of the ridge connecting this cusp to the paracone.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="67.[1281,2131,368,1008]" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Slaughter" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1324,1654,831,866]" class="Mammalia" family="Holoclemensiidae" genus="Holoclemensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Uranotheria" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texana">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1324,1654,831,866]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="384">Holoclemensia texana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="SLAUGHTER, B. H." box="[1685,1990,830,867]" journalOrPublisher="Science" pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="254 - 255" part="162" refId="ref63923" refString="1968 b. Earliest known marsupials. Science, vol. 162, pp. 254 - 255, fig. 1." title="Earliest known marsupials" type="journal article" year="1968">
|
|
Slaughter, 1968
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="SLAUGHTER, B. H." box="[1969,2115,831,867]" journalOrPublisher="Ibid." pageId="67" pageNumber="384" pagination="1306" part="162" refId="ref63946" refString="1968 c. Holoclemensia instead of Clemensia. Ibid., vol. 162, p. 1306." title="Holoclemensia instead of Clemensia" type="journal article" year="1968">b, 1968c</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) from the Albian Trinity Formation of Texas seems appropriate as an ancestor for all the Campanian marsupials.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |