132 lines
19 KiB
XML
132 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="802818C850AFD56B351DFC29ED6170CD" ENCODING="UTF8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1b02f075-85b9-4e88-9b52-723eaa94c847" ModsDocAuthor="Kamill. B.W." ModsDocDate="1981" ModsDocID="ORI5390" ModsDocOrigin="http://unknown" ModsDocTitle="The Phthiracarus species of C.L. Koch" checkinTime="1326723794532" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Kamill, B. W." docDate="1981" docId="113E2C5586FBB7E7218F56307DCBA3B3" docLanguage="en" docName="Kamill1981_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology series) 41" docSource="http://unknown" docTitle="Hoplophora C. L. Koch" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="263" masterDocId="1E7EE29D383BC5EFE58F61F9E9ECC620" masterDocTitle="The Phthiracarus species of C. L. Koch" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="263" pageNumber="263" updateTime="1701313587184" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="387451DDBA27ADD426C7438AE814E325">
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<mods:title id="AC5F407FF7E771B8C9C597ADA9D718D4">The Phthiracarus species of C. L. Koch</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FB7DB4D91763E3379439DDC17C9D59A">Kamill, B. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B418B539C59EA42A2C21E9775BCCA7EC">Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology series)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1191F7EBAD98FA2001EE2A59248B5537">1981</mods:date>
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<treatment id="113E2C5586FBB7E7218F56307DCBA3B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6282549" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100111603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6282549" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:113E2C5586FBB7E7218F56307DCBA3B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/113E2C5586FBB7E7218F56307DCBA3B3" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
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<subSubSection id="7588026D2C5C72E89833D8E61B6ADC82" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D680A130227E416194D7C655FD2ACFD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
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[Genus
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<taxonomicName id="9EEC60ACB8D463BE9617DB50360B461B" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hoplophora C. L. Koch</taxonomicName>
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]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="847205527CD616C2F50BF0905832FCC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="512521E0479FEA1CE8F3B12F88718ED6" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
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Koch (1841) described a number of species of
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<taxonomicName id="CB56FCEDFA1EB84865F1A3E50D7D5C05" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hoplophora</taxonomicName>
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from Regensburg, Germany, of which nine are currently classified in
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<taxonomicName id="51D83A4A05AAE9D98AFDF149A866A3A3" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="6955F707A5F8A00FE433521FD55D56C7" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinita">crinita</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DE097675C83A74FD10087C69821BB3FB" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">ferruginea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="65DFA5187C1BAF98E26DBA792EEA47FD" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosa">globosa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6955D426930AD5F830623D594FCBECF8" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevigata">laevigata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="40FB7FE80AF2E1287F1C874EEC18EB54" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentula">lentula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="209B6600F0298F795C9A86A31A86DE2E" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula">longula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="607CF9E8EAC4445744C82116BEFCDFC0" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucida">lucida</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D1B12C99F430BA8D6045C504A736E2BB" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straminea">straminea</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="0A7DBC74F2270DF7A9A6D54263495D9F" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testudinea">testudinea</taxonomicName>
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(Parry, 1979). Apart from the last mentioned species, which appears from Koch's original figure to have a greater affinity with the
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<taxonomicName id="AD37EDDFE630405F50EBAE3C308ED2FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" rank="superfamily" superFamily="Euphthiracaroidea">Euphthiracaroidea</taxonomicName>
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(but see Jacot, 1936), all are undoubtedly members of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="E7E08188CDD0A2C6B76DD92591DBCD1C" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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. These species are, however, extremely difficult to reidentify since Koch's very brief descriptions are based almost entirely on body shape and colour, two characters now known to be uniform in many species of this genus. Only
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<taxonomicName id="C9943AF918294EF70C9AB82533C96FEB" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosa">globosa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E19ED67FB51EDCD60D7EEA0A422034BB" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevigata">laevigata</taxonomicName>
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can be characterized by body shape alone: in comparison with the other
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<taxonomicName id="602992461FCCD90C36C4B945A443CAEC" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species collected at Regensburg,
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<taxonomicName id="3D2FB3975C87372A903AC3D420E61728" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.bestMatchDistance="6264" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosa">H. globosa</taxonomicName>
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was said to be very 'globular' while the illustration of
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<taxonomicName id="27FBC26B2479E07947B1FC773FA35B9A" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.bestMatchDistance="8097" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevigata">H. laevigata</taxonomicName>
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shows the notogaster to be 'angled' anteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="96804E750510B84CF3D760CF365C71B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
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Several redescriptions of Koch's species have been published, including those of Jacot (1936), Feider and Suciu (1957) and van der Hammen (1963). Jacot collected at more than 20 localities in the Regensburg area, recognizing six of Koch's species (
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<taxonomicName id="CDBDBFD9AD9104CD9E5B04616CE5A399" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="2" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevigata">laevigata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="52841A7F4742EF797F833AACBF4026B5" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testudinea">testudinea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0CA72C94877C9DD1EFAABFEF74F2CBAC" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinita">crinita</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5927474466B559693C2B392283C1D948" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentula">lentula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C1156395E8A842DA41360CE4803BF643" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straminea">straminea</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="DDFEF3EA4B90D35CA39E617BCEF3E501" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">ferruginea</taxonomicName>
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) and one new
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<taxonomicName id="169C04DB727AEDF41B274BA5334D3350" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="C0B306F4D984EB1514B347690B8D7965" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boresetosus">P. boresetosus</taxonomicName>
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. Localities were chosen based not only on Koch's habitat descriptions but on
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<normalizedToken id="BE1076700B523FEB35F85AC3B37C23F5" originalValue="Fürnrohr's" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Fuernrohr's</normalizedToken>
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detailed lists of the Regensburg flora published in 1839. Jacot treated the redescriptions in eonsiderable detail, identifying each species on the basis of body shape and size, and setal form and length. However, he neglected to includc details of the leg chaetotaxy which are now regarded as being essential for the Separation of
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<taxonomicName id="5C52254F44D5BDAD609C950870128E63" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species. Although Jacot's interpretations of
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<taxonomicName id="D80017421A3F9F30B38FEF5CEC5D3F1E" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinitus">crinitus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B63442014971CAD2E782FA2D64689AA5" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentulus">lentulus</taxonomicName>
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correspond with those of the present study, his specimens have not been considered for neotype designation, since all are entire, uncleared and mounted together with one or more other species in Canada Balsam. In this condition, Jacot's material would not easily withstand dismounting, dissection and remounting. Further collecting at Regensburg by van der Hammen in 1959 and 1961 resulted in his description of
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<taxonomicName id="E7BCE9AC6D35DBC0C254D6D9762B25C8" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" genus.bestMatchDistance="2527" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevigatus">P. laevigatus</taxonomicName>
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and the designation of a neotype. A number of other species were tentatively identified by van der Hammen (pers. comm.) as representing Koch's seven other species - this material has been examined as part of the present study. Material collected by the late Dr Max Sellnick at Regensburg, and made available to the author through the courtesy of Dr Gisela Rack, Hamburg, has also been examined in an attempt to determine the identities of Koch's
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<taxonomicName id="99D47D7E558A9B51FBF3F07BA28B185C" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to borrow any of the specimens studied by Feider and Suciu.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B81E95B8AB5FE059D5E0F33268686CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">[....]</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0B17E31A037E05C063B5097549E6BA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Survey</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA5F7C01BEBB0A33415A3C1D542B9826" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
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Of the eight
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<taxonomicName id="11640F3862D4B1427097DEFC69295833" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species described by C. L. Koch, six are capable of being reidentified with reasonable certainty. The two remaining species (
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<taxonomicName id="CDB4131E57E12E3C941696D988FAA8E2" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucida">lucida</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EC864D62FD651A67B5A90CBE9FAD710C" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straminea">straminea</taxonomicName>
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) cannot in the author's opinion be separated by any morphological characters mentioned in the original descriptions, although
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<taxonomicName id="A043F9ABDF7D4871048F0A7BF6DA479B" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucida">lucida</taxonomicName>
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was collected from a 'swampy' meadow, while
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<taxonomicName id="97538A138F65CD6A9E89AF794B129C82" class="Arachnida" family="Euphthiracaridae" genus="Hoplophora" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straminea">straminea</taxonomicName>
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was recorded from moss in woods. However,
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<taxonomicName id="A6B6C195E9118EFF0342CA0D5CE4596F" class="Arachnida" family="Phthiracaridae" genus="Phthiracarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phthiracarus</taxonomicName>
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species are not generally considered to be habitat specific and it seems likely therefore, that Koch was in fact concerned with only one species, different specimens of which exhibited minor differences in colour.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |