157 lines
18 KiB
XML
157 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FE59AD18742DBDCBA013166B46EB684F">Revision of carpenter bees of the subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Mexico and Mesoamerica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E67B9C903FE40F08542D835575F45485">Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F30B7B1A7C032A09682D0C5F1600D583">Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5E1BEF594601577A70921AB3846F6A3D">Ayala-Barajas, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F795E372CC0200C36D252E88D59FFD1">Pozo, Carmen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CED1EFCD8B842B812690E019804D7D0A">Vandame, Rémy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FEB67F3ED5907C40459F7CAEEEEDB4E0" type="email">ihinojosa@ib.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A1EE04B089423324117110635F1EB21E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9B608D8351A90A7B3CB9AC3B3E1ACB98">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="FE1487ACAD13FFBFFF429245FDC4F860" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821868" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204966540" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821868" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE1487ACAD13FFBFFF429245FDC4F860" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE1487ACAD13FFBFFF429245FDC4F860" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="3EA76531AD13FFBFFF429245FDDDFBA8" box="[151,550,1058,1084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF429245FDDDFBA8" blockId="25.[151,550,1058,1084]" box="[151,550,1058,1084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFF429245FDDDFBA8" bold="true" box="[151,550,1058,1084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFF1A9245FE8CFBA8" ID-CoL="5CKW5" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1912" box="[207,375,1058,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanorum">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFF1A9245FE8CFBA8" bold="true" box="[207,375,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">mexicanorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3EA76531AD13FFBFFF429202FBDAF9E3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF429202FBDAF9E3" blockId="25.[151,1437,1125,1655]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFF429202FEE9FBEB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1125,1151]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Female and male of majority of species less than
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<quantity id="B1459B5FAD13FFBFFCE99202FC70FB14" box="[828,907,1125,1152]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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in length. Female: Frontal area of head without elevated ridges or prominences adjacent to ocelli (as in figs. 34 and 43); Clypeus: lateral areas no protuberant, discal area unpunctate rest of clypeus densely punctate. Area below middle ocellus with a well-defined anterior frontal groove without punctures that initiates with a diameter equal to the width of the ocelli, diminishing to end in a middle elevation between the antennal sockets; ocelli located below the tangent of the eyes; lateral ocelli with pits on the posterolateral region. Malar area equal than or similar to minimum diameter of F1; Mandibles without a notch at the level of the middle tooth (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFDD6935AFDA3FAC3" box="[515,600,1341,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–38" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,238,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-46@27.[151,1436,237,1595]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 33–38. Female of X. (N.) mexicanorum. 33. Genal area; 34. Frontal view; 35. Lateral habitus; 36. Dorsal habitus; 37. Mandible left; 38. Scutellum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758812/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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). Area between parapsidal line and discal area of mesoscutum with sparse or scattered punctures. Terga with bigger punctures compared to
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFCAD9306FC2DFAEF" authorityName=", Hurd & Moure" authorityYear="1963" box="[888,982,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFCAD9306FC2DFAEF" box="[888,982,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">frontalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (around one fifth the diameter of middle ocellus), pubescence dense. Posterior tibiae: apex of basitibial plate with two asymmetrical dentiform apical processes, anterior dentiform apical process sharp and posterior dentiform apical process rounded. Scutellum angled (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFF4A93AAFF09FA73" box="[159,242,1485,1511]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–38" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,238,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-46@27.[151,1436,237,1595]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 33–38. Female of X. (N.) mexicanorum. 33. Genal area; 34. Frontal view; 35. Lateral habitus; 36. Dorsal habitus; 37. Mandible left; 38. Scutellum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758812/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
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). Male: integument in general as in
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFDAE93AAFD22FA73" authorityName=", Hurd & Moure" authorityYear="1963" box="[635,729,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFDAE93AAFD22FA73" box="[635,729,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">frontalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, with black posterior bands on half the terga; labrum with a small subtriangular area unpunctate on the medial region; rest of the labrum with scattered punctures; clypeus, with scattered punctures on middle region of inferior submargin; lateral ocelli below upper margin of eyes; internal distal extreme of hind tibiae with a prominent subapical projection, without a noticeable anterior rounded lobe (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFABA905EFF4DF9E3" captionStart="FIGURES 39–42" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1730,1754]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,582,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-222@28.[151,1437,582,1715]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 39–42. Male of X. (N.) mexicanorum. 39. Frontal view; 40. Lateral habitus; 41. Dorsal habitus; 42. Hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758814/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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), with blunt margin; internal surface of hind tibiae with abundant pubescence.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3EA76531AD13FFBFFF4290A3FC05F94A" box="[151,1022,1731,1758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF4290A3FC05F94A" blockId="25.[151,1022,1731,1758]" box="[151,1022,1731,1758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFF4290A3FC05F94A" bold="true" box="[151,1022,1731,1758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Keys for species in the
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFE6090A3FDA6F94A" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1912" box="[437,605,1732,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanorum">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFE6090A3FDA6F94A" bold="true" box="[437,605,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">mexicanorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group as recognized in this study
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3EA76531AD13FFBFFF42916EFA66F825" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="key">
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF42916EFA67F8CC" blockId="25.[151,1437,1801,1969]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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- Genal area densely punctate; pubescence reddish-brown on head, mesosoma and T1 (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFBF0916EFB67F88B" box="[1061,1180,1801,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–46" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1194,1218]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,183,1160]" captionTargetId="figure-24@30.[151,1436,181,1170]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 43–46. Female of X. (N.) ocellaris. 43. Frontal view; 44. Genal area and mesosoma lateral view; 45. Dorsal habitus; 46. Metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758816" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758816/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs. 43–46</figureCitation>
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); integument black, wings yellow with copper iridescence, vertex with scattered punctures; distance between punctures more of four times their diameter, similar in size as those on clypeus (
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<collectingCountry id="0EAA762AAD13FFBFFDE09124FD63F8CD" box="[565,664,1859,1881]" name="Colombia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0EAA762AAD13FFBFFD749124FCF7F8CD" box="[673,780,1859,1881]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0EAA762AAD13FFBFFCC39124FC9FF8CC" box="[790,868,1859,1880]" name="Panama" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Panama</collectingCountry>
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).....................................
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFAFB9123FA67F8CC" ID-CoL="5CKXG" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1901" box="[1326,1436,1859,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellaris">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFAFB9123FA67F8CC" box="[1326,1436,1859,1881]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">X. ocellaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF429106FA66F825" blockId="25.[151,1437,1801,1969]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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- Genal area with sparse punctation (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFDED9106FD7AF8E2" box="[568,641,1889,1911]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–38" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,238,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-46@27.[151,1436,237,1595]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 33–38. Female of X. (N.) mexicanorum. 33. Genal area; 34. Frontal view; 35. Lateral habitus; 36. Dorsal habitus; 37. Mandible left; 38. Scutellum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758812/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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); pubescence and integument black; wings dark-brown with strong blue-green iridescence distal extreme papillate with greenish blue iridescence (
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<figureCitation id="EE862A3FAD13FFBFFC869119FC60F800" box="[851,923,1918,1940]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–38" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,238,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-46@27.[151,1436,237,1595]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 33–38. Female of X. (N.) mexicanorum. 33. Genal area; 34. Frontal view; 35. Lateral habitus; 36. Dorsal habitus; 37. Mandible left; 38. Scutellum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6758812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6758812/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
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); vertex with punctures slightly smaller than those on clypeus (Central and Southern
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<collectingRegion id="B479F858AD13FFBFFDDE91FCFDADF825" box="[523,598,1947,1969]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mexico</collectingRegion>
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)........................................................
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFB2A91FBFA66F825" ID-CoL="5CKW5" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1912" box="[1279,1437,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanorum">
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<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFB2A91FBFA66F825" box="[1279,1437,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">X. mexicanorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3EA76531AD13FFBFFF4291BBFDC4F860" box="[151,575,2012,2036]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="760236BAAD13FFBFFF4291BBFDC4F860" blockId="25.[151,575,2012,2036]" box="[151,575,2012,2036]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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*Males of
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<taxonomicName id="B1BD4D39AD13FFBFFED191BAFE82F860" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1901" box="[260,377,2012,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="44C9EAA8AD13FFBFFED191BAFE82F860" box="[260,377,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">X. ocellaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not examined
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |