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<mods:title id="A75F2E8D3B8BABFF6E6E17F82D5D21E4">A revision of the Palaearctic species of the ant genus Cardiocondyla Emery 1869 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="38F5DD8940799C58FF19615CFC18AE62" box="[151,913,1621,1647]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="70508E0240799C58FF19615CFC18AE62" blockId="7.[151,913,1621,1647]" box="[151,913,1621,1647]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FF19615CFC18AE62" bold="true" box="[151,913,1621,1647]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Key to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FE91615CFEFCAE62" ID-CoL="62KFW" ID-ENA="235541" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1869" box="[287,373,1621,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">species</taxonomicName>
with outdoor occurrence in the Palaearctic
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38F5DD8940799C57FF196197FD01A9F8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="70508E0240799C58FF196197FD61AFD5" blockId="7.[151,1436,1693,2008]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
In order to comprise all 34 species with outdoor occurrence in the Palaearctic, the key and the supplementary information SI1 and SI2 additionally included nine species of species groups with other zoogeographic origin. These species either extend their range into the southern Palaearctic or are globally dispersing tramp species potentially occurring in each locality with sufficiently warm climate. The complete taxonomic names of these added species are 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FF4F6024FDDDAF4A" authority="Forel 1899" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[193,596,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FF4F6024FE46AF4A" box="[193,463,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cardiocondyla minutior</emphasis>
Forel 1899
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FDEE6027FC2FAF45" authority="Karavajev 1935" authorityName="Karavajev" authorityYear="1935" box="[608,934,1837,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tjibodana">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FDEE6027FD65AF4A" box="[608,748,1837,1864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. tjibodana</emphasis>
Karavajev 1935
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FC536027FB30AF4A" authority="Seifert 2003" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[989,1209,1837,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goa">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FC536027FBA1AF4A" box="[989,1064,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. goa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="147EF3F340799C58FBA16024FB30AF4A" author="Seifert, B." box="[1071,1209,1837,1863]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="203 - 338" refId="ref43774" refString="Seifert, B. (2003) The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums, Wien, Serie B, 104, 203 - 338." type="journal article" year="2003">Seifert 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(all three belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FF51605BFEE9AF66" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[223,352,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FF51605BFEE9AF66" box="[223,352,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. minutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group), 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FD95605BFC82AF66" authority="Forel 1881" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[539,779,1873,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FD95605BFD01AF66" box="[539,648,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. emeryi</emphasis>
Forel 1881
</taxonomicName>
(belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FC55605BFBC0AF66" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[987,1097,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FC55605BFBC0AF66" box="[987,1097,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. emeryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group), 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FA8D605BFE9BAF82" authority="Forel 1913" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fajumensis">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FA8D605BFA15AF66" box="[1283,1436,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. fajumensis</emphasis>
Forel 1913
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FEC4607FFDDFAF82" authority="Seifert 2003" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[330,598,1909,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicalis">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FEC4607FFE4DAF82" box="[330,452,1909,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. unicalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="147EF3F340799C58FE45607CFDDFAF82" author="Seifert, B." box="[459,598,1909,1935]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="203 - 338" refId="ref43774" refString="Seifert, B. (2003) The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums, Wien, Serie B, 104, 203 - 338." type="journal article" year="2003">Seifert 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(both belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FCD1607FFC64AF82" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1891" box="[863,1005,1909,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FCD1607FFC64AF82" box="[863,1005,1909,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. shuckardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group), 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FB29607FFF50AFBE" authority="(Forel 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wroughtonii">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FB29607FFAD9AF82" box="[1191,1360,1909,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. wroughtonii</emphasis>
(Forel 1890)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FE9D6093FDC5AFBE" authority="Wheeler 1929" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1929" box="[275,588,1945,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FE9D6093FE2AAFBE" box="[275,419,1945,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. obscurior</emphasis>
Wheeler 1929
</taxonomicName>
(both belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FCD36093FB81AFBE" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[861,1032,1945,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wroughtonii">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FCD36093FB81AFBE" box="[861,1032,1945,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. wroughtonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group) and 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FB7E6093FE98AFDA" authority="Forel 1890" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritanica">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FB7E6093FA15AFBE" box="[1264,1436,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. mauritanica</emphasis>
Forel 1890
</taxonomicName>
(belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140799C58FE5160B7FDBEAFDA" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[479,567,1981,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">
<emphasis id="429B521040799C58FE5160B7FDBEAFDA" box="[479,567,1981,2008]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. nuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF5B679EFD01A9F8" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">The key presented below almost thoroughly used dichotomous decision schedules for cases requiring combinations of multiple characters and in the same time it aspired to achieve a low error rate inevitably resulting in tedious procedures. Lamenting does not help here and those who think that simple answers can be given for difficult problems bark up the wrong tree. The finally best approach is here using a software providing linear discriminant functions (LDA), measuring the full set of morphometric characters and running the investigated samples as wild-cards within the data space of the hypothesis-providing supplementary file SI2. It is convenient to run the analysis with primary (raw) measurements instead with ratios. A good check of the result is then comparing with the images that are given for any species in four aspects and to consider geographic distribution. The low error rates reported in the key cannot be achieved for such tiny ants without high-resolution optical systems, a good measuring stage and a careful realization of character definitions.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<key id="047ED93340769C55FF196516FA14AD97" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF196516FA15AAA7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196516FA15AA62" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196516FA15AA62" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196516FF26AA39" bold="true" box="[151,175,543,564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1a</emphasis>
Anterior postpetiolar sternite laterally more prominent than in median part—as result an imagined cross section shows a deeply concave ventral margin of the sternite. The lateral protrusions appear in frontolateral view as dents (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FB296534FB73AA5E" box="[1191,1274,573,595]" captionStart="FIGURES 109–113" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1019,1043]" captionTargetBox="[251,1337,181,996]" captionTargetId="figure-31@24.[251,1337,181,996]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 109–113. Cardiocondyla obscurior; Fig. 109: head in dorsal view; Fig. 110: lateral view; Fig. 111: dorsal view; Fig. 112: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex; Fig. 113: frontolateral aspect of waist segments. Galapagos: Santa Cruz, 2012.11.19" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888293/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 113</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FA856534FA15AA5F" ID-CoL="R5CB" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1291,1436,573,594]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wroughtonii">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA856534FA15AA5F" box="[1291,1436,573,594]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. wroughtonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group............................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E6553FA15AA62" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,602,623]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19657EFA15AAA7" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19657EFA15AAA7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19657EFF39AA81" bold="true" box="[151,176,631,652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1b</emphasis>
Anterior postpetiolar sternite in median part more prominent or at equal level as the lateral surface—as result an imagined cross section shows a convex or straight ventral margin of the sternite................................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E659CFA15AAA7" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,661,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF1965BBFA14AB75" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1965BBFA15AB2D" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1965BBFA15AB2D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1965BBFF26AACA" bold="true" box="[151,175,690,711]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2a</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40769C57FF6C65BBFA15AB2D" collectionCode="EYE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="CW-59.33, SL-113.56, FRS-106.46" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1">
With all measurements in mm, discriminant 34.21* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940769C57FCF365BBFC6DAAC5" box="[893,996,690,712]" collectionCode="CW-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">CW-59.33</specimenCode>
*PoOc-177.83* 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740769C57FBF765BBFB23AAC5" box="[1145,1194,690,712]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EYE</collectionCode>
+72.15* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940769C57FB7665BBFAD6AAC5" box="[1272,1375,690,712]" collectionCode="SL-" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">SL-113.56</specimenCode>
* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940769C57FAE665BBFEACAAE8" collectionCode="FRS-" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14882" name="Falconer Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">FRS-106.46</specimenCode>
*SP+140.69*PpW-14.15 &lt;0 [error 0% in 37 nest sample means of 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40769C57FC4765D9FBCBAAEB" box="[969,1090,720,742]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="worker">two workers</specimenCount>
measured]. 1 
<superScript id="879A234A40769C57FB4465C6FB5AAAD6" attach="left" box="[1226,1235,719,731]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">st</superScript>
gaster segment in a majority of samples with absent or weakly developed blackish pigmentation. Worldwide tramp species. Outdoor occurrence confirmed for the Middle East. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD9E6403FD10AB2D" box="[528,665,778,800]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–108" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[256,1332,1149,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-58@23.[256,1332,1149,1956]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 105–108. Cardiocondyla wroughtonii; Fig. 105: head in dorsal view; Fig. 106: lateral view; Fig. 107: dorsal view; Fig. 108: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Malaisia: Lundu, 2007.05.27" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888291/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 105–108</figureCitation>
...................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAAD6403FA15AB2D" ID-CoL="R5CB" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1315,1436,778,800]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wroughtonii">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAAD6403FA15AB2D" bold="true" box="[1315,1436,778,800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">wroughtonii</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19642EFA14AB75" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19642EFA14AB75" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19642EFF39AB31" bold="true" box="[151,176,807,828]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2b</emphasis>
Discriminant&gt; 0 [0% error in 65 nest sample means of 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40769C57FD786421FCFBAB30" box="[758,882,807,829]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="worker">two workers</specimenCount>
]. 1 
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gaster segment in a majority of samples with strongly developed blackish pigmentation. Worldwide tramp species. Outdoor occurrence confirmed for southern 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FB41644CFA8FAB56" box="[1231,1286,837,859]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spain</collectingCountry>
and the Middle East. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FE99646BFE10AB75" box="[279,409,866,888]" captionStart="FIGURES 109–113" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1019,1043]" captionTargetBox="[251,1337,181,996]" captionTargetId="figure-31@24.[251,1337,181,996]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 109–113. Cardiocondyla obscurior; Fig. 109: head in dorsal view; Fig. 110: lateral view; Fig. 111: dorsal view; Fig. 112: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex; Fig. 113: frontolateral aspect of waist segments. Galapagos: Santa Cruz, 2012.11.19" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888293/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs.109–113</figureCitation>
............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAB0646BFA14AB75" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1929" box="[1342,1437,866,888]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAB0646BFA14AB75" bold="true" box="[1342,1437,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">obscurior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF196476FA15AC49" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196476FA15ABE1" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196476FA15ABE1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196476FF26AB99" bold="true" box="[151,175,895,916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3a</emphasis>
True foveolae on vertex dorsal of the eyes completely absent. Instead the bases of pubescence hairs are placed in the center of flat tubercles or flat pits of only 4–10 µm diameter, giving a finely punctate surface appearance at lower magnifications (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FAE26494FF75ABC2" captionStart="FIGURES 86–89" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1042,1066]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[236,1352,181,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 86–89. Cardiocondyla stambuloffii; Fig.86: head in dorsal view; Fig. 87: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 88: dorsal view; Fig. 89: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Georgia: river Podshori, 2010.08.27" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888273/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FE8864B3FEA8ABDD" box="[262,289,954,976]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–97" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,181,1004]" captionTargetId="figure-31@22.[245,1343,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 94–97. Cardiocondyla rolandi n. sp., holotype; Fig. 94: head in dorsal view; Fig. 95: lateral view; Fig. 96: dorsal view; Fig. 97: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. China: Oasis Yengisar, 2004.09.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888281/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">97</figureCitation>
). Postocular distance large, PoOc/CL 
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<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540769C57FD4964B3FC82ABDD" box="[711,779,954,976]" degrees="0.467" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="-0.467">–0.467</geoCoordinate>
. Frons usually very wide, FRS/CS&gt; 0.288 (except 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FB7564B2FAE4ABC2" box="[1275,1389,954,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FB7564B2FAE0ABC2" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1275,1385,954,976]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibetana">C. tibetana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
here 0.280 ± 0.006). Propodeal spines reduced to blunt dents. Metanotal depression deep. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FB9C64D1FB28ABE0" ID-CoL="R5C5" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" box="[1042,1185,984,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stambuloffii">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FB9C64D1FB28ABE0" box="[1042,1185,984,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. stambuloffii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.............. 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E64DEFA15ABE1" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,983,1004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1964FCFA15AC49" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1964FCFA15AC49" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1964FCFF39AC07" bold="true" box="[151,176,1013,1034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3b</emphasis>
Bases of pubescence hairs on vertex dorsal of the eyes placed in the center of foveolae or cuticular meshes of&gt; 10 µm diameter (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FF67631BFEA4AC2A" box="[233,301,1042,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1045,1069]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,181,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[234,1354,181,1021]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Cardiocondyla elegans; Fig. 6: head in dorsal view; Fig. 7 lateral view; Fig. 8: dorsal view; Fig. 9: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. France: Brehemont-1.1 km E, 2010.07.15." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888202/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FEB9631BFED8AC25" box="[311,337,1042,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Cardiocondyla ulianini; Fig. 22: head in dorsal view; Fig. 23: lateral view; Fig. 24: dorsal view; Fig. 25: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kyrgistan: 42.44.41N, 75.49.50E, 2000.07.30-91." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888212/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FED5631BFEF4AC25" box="[347,381,1042,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">117</figureCitation>
)—if foveolae reduced (
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FDEB631BFD36AC2A" authority="Seifert, 2023" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2023" box="[613,703,1042,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verdensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FDEB631BFD36AC2A" box="[613,703,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">verdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FD4B631BFD72AC2A" bold="true" box="[709,763,1042,1063]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A8EF6B40769C57FD4B631BFD72AC2A" box="[709,763,1042,1063]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), than PoOc/CL &lt;0.394. Frons narrower, FRS/CS &lt;0.288. Metanotal depression varying from nearly absent to deep. Propodeal spines variable......................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E6326FA15AC49" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1071,1092]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF196344FA15AC90" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196344FA15AC8D" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196344FA15AC8D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196344FF26AC6F" bold="true" box="[151,175,1101,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4a</emphasis>
Eye larger, EYE/CS&gt;0.235. Frons narrower, FRS/CS &lt;0.295. Waist segments lower, PeH/CS &lt;0.343, PpH/CS &lt;0.283. Southern and northern margin of Tarim Basin. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD2D6363FCA5AC72" box="[675,812,1130,1152]" captionStart="FIGURES101–104" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1029,1053]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,181,1005]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[244,1343,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES101–104.Cardiocondylatibetana, paratype;Fig.101:headin dorsalview; Fig.102:lateral view (flippedhorizontally); Fig. 103: dorsal view; Fig. 104: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex (flipped horizontally). China: Tarim: Ceele Station, 1966.08.26" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888289/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 101–104</figureCitation>
............................................ 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAC26363FA15AC8D" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1356,1436,1130,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibetana">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAC26363FA15AC8D" bold="true" box="[1356,1436,1130,1152]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">tibetana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19638EFA15AC90" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" box="[151,1436,1159,1181]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19638EFA15AC90" box="[151,1436,1159,1181]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19638EFF39AC91" bold="true" box="[151,176,1159,1180]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4b</emphasis>
EYE/CS &lt;0.235, FRS/CS&gt; 0.295, PeH/CS&gt;0.343, PpH/CS &lt;0.283............................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E6381FA15AC90" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1160,1181]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF1963ACFA15AD22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1963ACFA15ACF8" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1963ACFA15ACF8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1963ACFF26ACB7" bold="true" box="[151,175,1189,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5a</emphasis>
Posterior 40% of vertex surface completely smooth except for tiny pits of 4–5 µm around the bases of pubescence hairs just visible with high-resolution stereomicroscopy. Pubescence longer. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 334.68*PLG-45.456*CW+88.43*PoOc-66.63*EYE -3.60&gt; 2.3. 
<collectingRegion id="B22B40E040769C57FD5E63E9FC08ACFB" box="[720,897,1248,1270]" country="Kazakhstan" name="Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">South Kazakhstan</collectingRegion>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FC0463E9FB83ACF8" box="[906,1034,1248,1270]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–100" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,1113,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-71@22.[232,1356,1113,1956]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 98–100. Cardiocondyla gibbosa, lectotype; Fig. 98 head in dorsal view; Fig. 99: lateral view; Fig. 100: dorsal view. Kazakhstan: Suzak, 1923.07.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888285/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 98–100</figureCitation>
........................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FADE63D6FA15ACF8" authorityName="Kuznetzov-Ugamsky" authorityYear="1927" box="[1360,1436,1247,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosa">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FADE63D6FA15ACF8" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1247,1269]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">gibbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1963F4FA15AD22" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1963F4FA15AD22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1963F4FF39AD1F" bold="true" box="[151,176,1277,1298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5b</emphasis>
Posterior part of vertex not completely smooth, at least with weak rugulae and small tubercles around the bases of pubescence hairs. Discriminant &lt;2.3............................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E6213FA15AD22" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1306,1327]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF19623EFA15ADCF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19623EFA14AD85" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19623EFA14AD85" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19623EFF26AD41" bold="true" box="[151,175,1335,1356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6a</emphasis>
Westpalaearctic, known range extending east to the western shores of Caspian Sea. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 44.95*CW+54.68*PoOc+31.14*SL-130.25*SPBA-79.81*PpW +40.84*PeH+90.89*PpH -28.33 &lt;0.4 [0% error in 82 individuals]. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FEEF627BFE5CAD85" box="[353,469,1394,1416]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–89" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1042,1066]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[236,1352,181,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 86–89. Cardiocondyla stambuloffii; Fig.86: head in dorsal view; Fig. 87: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 88: dorsal view; Fig. 89: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Georgia: river Podshori, 2010.08.27" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888273/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 86–89</figureCitation>
...................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAAB627BFA14AD85" ID-CoL="R5C5" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" box="[1317,1437,1394,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stambuloffii">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAAB627BFA14AD85" bold="true" box="[1317,1437,1394,1416]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">stambuloffii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196286FA15ADCF" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196286FA15ADCF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196286FF39ADA9" bold="true" box="[151,176,1423,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6b</emphasis>
Central Palaearctic, known range extending from western coast of Caspian Sea east to 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FB936299FBF4ADAB" box="[1053,1149,1424,1446]" name="Mongolia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
. Discriminant&gt; 0.4 [0% error in 59 individuals]..................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E62A4FA15ADCF" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1453,1474]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF1962C3FA14AE17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1962C3FA14ADF0" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1962C3FA14ADF0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1962C3FF26ADD2" bold="true" box="[151,175,1482,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7a</emphasis>
With all measurements in mm, discriminant 120.6*PoOc-29.53*SL+109.54*PeW-109.42*PeH-157.97*PLG-7.70 &lt;0.7 [0% error in 37 individuals]. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FE4262E1FDC8ADF0" box="[460,577,1512,1534]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–97" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,181,1004]" captionTargetId="figure-31@22.[245,1343,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 94–97. Cardiocondyla rolandi n. sp., holotype; Fig. 94: head in dorsal view; Fig. 95: lateral view; Fig. 96: dorsal view; Fig. 97: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. China: Oasis Yengisar, 2004.09.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888281/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 94–97</figureCitation>
............................................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA9662EEFA14ADF0" bold="true" box="[1304,1437,1511,1533]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FA9662EEFAE9ADF0" authority="Seifert, 2023" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2023" box="[1304,1376,1511,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rolandi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA9662EEFAE9ADF0" bold="true" box="[1304,1376,1511,1533]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">rolandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A8EF6B40769C57FAE862E1FA14ADF0" box="[1382,1437,1512,1533]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19610CFA14AE17" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" box="[151,1437,1540,1563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19610CFA14AE17" box="[151,1437,1540,1563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19610CFF39AE17" bold="true" box="[151,176,1541,1562]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7b</emphasis>
Discriminant&gt; 0.7 [0% error in 22 individuals]. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD3B610CFCA0AE17" box="[693,809,1541,1563]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[248,1339,1126,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-54@21.[248,1339,1126,1944]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Cardiocondyla koshewnikovi; Fig. 90: head in dorsal view; Fig. 91: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 92: dorsal view; Fig. 93: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kazakhstan: Sassy Kol, 2001.08.07" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888277/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 90–93</figureCitation>
......................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FA98610DFA14AE17" ID-CoL="R5BH" box="[1302,1437,1540,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koshewnikovi">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA98610DFA14AE17" bold="true" box="[1302,1437,1540,1562]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">koshewnikovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF19612BFA15AEA1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19612BFA15AE7F" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19612BFA15AE7F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19612BFF26AE3A" bold="true" box="[151,175,1570,1591]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8a</emphasis>
Propodeal spines reduced to obtusely angled corners (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD6E612BFCBBAE35" box="[736,818,1570,1592]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
). Postpetiole rather narrow, PpW/CS &lt;0.46, in dorsal view never suggestively hexagonal. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 48.06*PoOc+27.66*SL-56.96*PpW+119.07*MGr-13.79&gt; 0 [error 0% in 17 individuals].......................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA1E6154FA15AE7F" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1629,1650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196173FA15AEA1" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196173FA15AEA1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196173FF39AE82" bold="true" box="[151,176,1658,1679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8b</emphasis>
Propodeal spines not reduced to obtusely angled corners. If spines occasionally reduced to blunt corners, then EYE/CS&gt; 0.221 and PpW/CS&gt;0.450. Discriminant &lt;0 [error 0% in 1140 individuals].......................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA0A619EFA15AEA1" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1687,1708]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF1961BCFA14AF4D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF1961BCFA15AF08" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF1961BCFA15AF08" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1961BCFF26AEC7" bold="true" box="[151,175,1717,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9a</emphasis>
Head elongated CL/CW&gt; 1.16 (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD9A61BCFDEEAEC6" box="[532,615,1717,1739]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
). Dorsum of promesonotum and lateral pronotum with more developed microsculpture (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FF6761DBFEFCAEE5" box="[233,373,1746,1768]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 115, 116</figureCitation>
). Head sculpture stronger, foveolae with regular margin (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FC1461DBFC64AEE5" box="[922,1005,1746,1768]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
). 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FC7061DAFBBEAEE5" box="[1022,1079,1747,1768]" name="Egypt" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Egypt</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FBE861DBFB6CAEE5" box="[1126,1253,1746,1768]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
.......................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FABE61E6FA15AF08" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1913" box="[1328,1436,1775,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fajumensis">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FABE61E6FA15AF08" bold="true" box="[1328,1436,1775,1797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">fajumensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196004FA14AF4D" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196004FA14AF4D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196004FF39AF2F" bold="true" box="[151,176,1805,1826]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9b</emphasis>
Head very short CL/CW &lt;1.16 (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FDAD6004FDF1AF2E" box="[547,632,1805,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–117" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-76@24.[248,1340,1140,1959]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–117. Cardiocondyla fajumensis; Fig. 114: head in dorsal view; Fig. 115: lateral view; Fig. 116: dorsal view; Fig. 117: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Hurghada, 2008.04.16" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888295/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
). Dorsum of promesonotum and lateral pronotum nearly glabrous (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FA8D6004FA18AF2E" box="[1283,1425,1805,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 118–121" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1030,1054]" captionTargetBox="[244,1344,181,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-15@25.[244,1344,181,1006]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 118–121. Cardiocondyla unicalis, holotype; Fig. 118: head in dorsal view; Fig. 119: lateral view; Fig. 120: dorsal view; Fig. 121: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Ma’amulam, 1973.08.06" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888297/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 119, 120</figureCitation>
). Head sculpture weaker, foveolae sometimes with irregular margin (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FCE66023FC35AF4D" box="[872,956,1834,1856]" captionStart="FIGURES 118–121" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1030,1054]" captionTargetBox="[244,1344,181,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-15@25.[244,1344,181,1006]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 118–121. Cardiocondyla unicalis, holotype; Fig. 118: head in dorsal view; Fig. 119: lateral view; Fig. 120: dorsal view; Fig. 121: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Ma’amulam, 1973.08.06" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888297/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
). 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FC436022FC7EAF4D" box="[973,1015,1835,1856]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Iran</collectingCountry>
............................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAC06023FA14AF4D" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1358,1437,1834,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicalis">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAC06023FA14AF4D" bold="true" box="[1358,1437,1834,1856]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">unicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C57FF19604EFA14AFB9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF19604EFA14AF9A" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF19604EFA14AF9A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF19604EFF32AF51" bold="true" box="[151,187,1863,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10a</emphasis>
Frons very narrow, FRS/CS 
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540769C57FD876041FDB6AF53" box="[521,575,1864,1886]" degrees="0.196" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="0.196">0.196</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540769C57FDB16041FD05AF53" box="[575,652,1864,1886]" degrees="0.228" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="-0.228">—0.228</geoCoordinate>
(
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FD116041FD70AF53" box="[671,761,1864,1886]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–125" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-52@25.[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 122–125. Cardiocondyla emeryi; Fig. 122: head in dorsal view; Fig. 123: lateral view; Fig. 124: dorsal view; Fig. 125: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Candelela, 2022.02.11" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888299/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
), postpetiole with a bulging sternite and high (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FB6D6041FABAAF53" box="[1251,1331,1864,1886]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–125" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-52@25.[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 122–125. Cardiocondyla emeryi; Fig. 122: head in dorsal view; Fig. 123: lateral view; Fig. 124: dorsal view; Fig. 125: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Candelela, 2022.02.11" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888299/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig.123</figureCitation>
.), PpH/CS 
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540769C57FF6C606CFE93AF76" box="[226,282,1893,1915]" degrees="0.306" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="0.306">0.306</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540769C57FE97606CFED4AF76" box="[281,349,1893,1915]" degrees="0.358" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="-0.358">–0.358</geoCoordinate>
. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 128.52*FRS+42.56*PeW-143.94*PpH+1.616 &lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40769C57FAF6606CFEC5AF95" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">145 specimens</specimenCount>
]. Confirmed outdoor occurrence in S 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240769C57FD3A608BFD67AF95" box="[692,750,1922,1944]" name="Georgia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Iberia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectorName id="DD1AEBD440769C57FD76608AFCC2AF95" box="[760,843,1922,1944]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N Africa</collectorName>
and Middle East. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FC74608BFB0FAF95" box="[1018,1158,1922,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–125" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-52@25.[241,1346,1114,1943]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 122–125. Cardiocondyla emeryi; Fig. 122: head in dorsal view; Fig. 123: lateral view; Fig. 124: dorsal view; Fig. 125: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Candelela, 2022.02.11" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888299/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 122–125</figureCitation>
.................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140769C57FAD4608BFA14AF9A" ID-CoL="R5BF" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[1370,1437,1922,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FAD4608BFA14AF9A" bold="true" box="[1370,1437,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">emeryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C57FF196096FA14AFB9" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" box="[151,1437,1951,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C57FF196096FA14AFB9" box="[151,1437,1951,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF196096FF35AFB9" bold="true" box="[151,188,1951,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10b</emphasis>
Frons wider and postpetiole without a strongly bulging sternite. Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40769C57FBE060A9FA8BAFB8" box="[1134,1282,1951,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">863 specimens</specimenCount>
].......... 
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FA086096FA14AFB9" bold="true" box="[1414,1437,1951,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740769C56FF1960B4FA15A951" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="70508E0240769C56FF1960B4FA15A92F" blockId="8.[151,1437,543,2032]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740769C56FF1960B4FA15A92F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="429B521040769C57FF1960B4FF33AFDF" bold="true" box="[151,186,1981,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11a</emphasis>
Small, CW &lt;
<quantity id="B71723E740769C57FEE860B4FE31AFDF" box="[358,440,1981,2002]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="420.0">420 mm</quantity>
. Metanotal depression very weak or absent, spines well developed, postpetiole much lower than petiole and with a completely flat sternite (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FDBF60D3FD0DAFFD" box="[561,644,2010,2032]" captionStart="FIGURES 126–128" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetId="figure-31@26.[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 126–128. Cardiocondyla minutior; Fig. 126: head in dorsal view; Fig. 127: lateral view; Fig. 128: dorsal view. Malaisia: Melina Beach-Paya, 2007.06.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888301/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
). Vertex with deeply impressed foveolae (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740769C57FB9F60D3FBE9AFFD" box="[1041,1120,2010,2032]" captionStart="FIGURES 126–128" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetId="figure-31@26.[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 126–128. Cardiocondyla minutior; Fig. 126: head in dorsal view; Fig. 127: lateral view; Fig. 128: dorsal view. Malaisia: Melina Beach-Paya, 2007.06.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888301/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig.126</figureCitation>
). All surfaces of head, mesosoma and waist matt (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FEF5679EFE46A8A3" box="[379,463,151,174]" captionStart="FIGURES 126–128" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetId="figure-31@26.[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 126–128. Cardiocondyla minutior; Fig. 126: head in dorsal view; Fig. 127: lateral view; Fig. 128: dorsal view. Malaisia: Melina Beach-Paya, 2007.06.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888301/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
). Outdoor occurrence confirmed for 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FCBE6791FCE0A8A0" box="[816,873,152,173]" name="Egypt" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Egypt</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FC16679EFB9DA8A0" box="[920,1044,151,173]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
........... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FB15679EFA15A8A0" bold="true" box="[1179,1436,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FB15679EFB78A8A1" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[1179,1265,151,172]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">minutior</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FB72679EFAD0A8A0" ID-CoL="R5C7" authorityName="Karavajev" authorityYear="1935" box="[1276,1369,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tjibodana">tjibodana</taxonomicName>
&amp; 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAF66791FA15A8A0" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1400,1436,152,173]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goa">goa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
These species are inseparable by single or few characters. It is recommeded to measure CL, CW, SL, EYE, FRS, SP, PpW, PeH, PpH and PLG and then running the test specimens as wild-cards in a LDA against the data given in supplementary information SI2. The total classification error in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FDB367F9FD22A908" box="[573,683,239,261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="worker">210 worker</specimenCount>
individuals in SI2 is 2.4%. Users who refrain from doing this time consuming and challenging separation are recommended to name this collective cluster........................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA856604FA1EA92F" bold="true" box="[1291,1431,269,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FA856604FAEBA92F" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[1291,1378,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA856604FAEBA92F" bold="true" box="[1291,1378,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">minutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aggr
</emphasis>
.
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196623FA15A951" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196623FA15A951" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196623FF32A932" bold="true" box="[151,187,298,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">11b</emphasis>
Larger, CW&gt; 
<quantity id="B71723E740779C56FEE26623FE37A94D" box="[364,446,298,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="420.0">420 mm</quantity>
. Minute specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FD186623FCAFA94D" ID-CoL="R5BL" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[662,806,298,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritanica">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FD186623FCAFA94D" box="[662,806,298,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. mauritanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may match the character combination of 11a but differ by shorter spines and a thinner petiolar peduncle (compare 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FD3A664EFC84A950" box="[692,781,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURES 126–128" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetId="figure-31@26.[249,1338,181,998]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 126–128. Cardiocondyla minutior; Fig. 126: head in dorsal view; Fig. 127: lateral view; Fig. 128: dorsal view. Malaisia: Melina Beach-Paya, 2007.06.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888301/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 127</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FCB26641FCEAA953" box="[828,867,328,350]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–132" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-57@26.[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 129–132. Cardiocondyla mauritanica; Fig. 129: head in dorsal view; Fig. 130: lateral view; Fig. 131: dorsal view; Fig. 132: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Luanda, 2022.02.0" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888303/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">130</figureCitation>
)............................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A664EFA15A951" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,327,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF19666CFA15AA4A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19666CFA15A9FD" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19666CFA15A9FD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19666CFF32A977" bold="true" box="[151,187,357,378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12a</emphasis>
Outlines of postpetiole in dorsal view approximately hexagonal (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FCC7666CFC15A976" box="[841,924,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–132" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-57@26.[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 129–132. Cardiocondyla mauritanica; Fig. 129: head in dorsal view; Fig. 130: lateral view; Fig. 131: dorsal view; Fig. 132: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Luanda, 2022.02.0" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888303/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 131</figureCitation>
). Metanotal depression shallow (MGr/CS 2.14±0.52). Propodeal spines developed as short dents (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FDF1668BFD5BA995" box="[639,722,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–132" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-57@26.[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 129–132. Cardiocondyla mauritanica; Fig. 129: head in dorsal view; Fig. 130: lateral view; Fig. 131: dorsal view; Fig. 132: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Luanda, 2022.02.0" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888303/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
). Gastral pubescence dense (sqPDG 3.72 ± 0.28). Postocular distance large (PoOc/CL 0.447 ± 0.008, 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FE516696FDBAA9BB" box="[479,563,415,438]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–132" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-57@26.[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 129–132. Cardiocondyla mauritanica; Fig. 129: head in dorsal view; Fig. 130: lateral view; Fig. 131: dorsal view; Fig. 132: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Luanda, 2022.02.0" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888303/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
). Microsculpture on vertex strongly reticulate (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FC716696FBDDA9BB" box="[1023,1108,415,438]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–132" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-57@26.[231,1357,1106,1951]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 129–132. Cardiocondyla mauritanica; Fig. 129: head in dorsal view; Fig. 130: lateral view; Fig. 131: dorsal view; Fig. 132: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Angola: Luanda, 2022.02.0" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888303/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 132</figureCitation>
). With MGr, PoOc and SP in mm and sqPDG in µm, discriminant 136.0*MGr-25.0*PoOc*73.99*SP+1.81*sqPDG-7.2322 &lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FB7066B4FA1DA9DF" box="[1278,1428,444,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">151 specimens</specimenCount>
]. Mediterranean and South Temperate zone of the Palaearctic.......................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FA9366D3FA1FA9E2" ID-CoL="R5BL" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[1309,1430,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritanica">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA9366D3FA1FA9E2" bold="true" box="[1309,1430,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">mauritanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1966FEFA15AA4A" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1966FEFA15AA4A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1966FEFF35AA01" bold="true" box="[151,188,503,524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12b</emphasis>
Outlines of postpetiole in dorsal view not approximately hexagonal. Metanotal depression usually deeper, propodeal spines more developed, gastral pubescence often more dilute, postocular distance usually smaller. Microsculpture on vertex different. Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0.3% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FD96653BFD25AA4A" box="[536,684,561,584]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">619 specimens</specimenCount>
]............................................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A653BFA15AA4A" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,562,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF196546FA15AAD7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196546FA15AA92" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196546FA15AA92" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196546FF32AA69" bold="true" box="[151,187,591,612]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13a</emphasis>
Postocular distance extremely small (PoOc/CL &lt;0.340). Petiole height and postpetiole width very low. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 30.96*PoOc-38.98*CL+17.12*PeH+26.77*PpW+ 7.196 &lt;0 [error in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FBD06564FB5EAA8E" box="[1118,1239,621,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
0%]. Kuweit. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FAE36564FEA8AAAD" captionStart="FIGURES 62–65" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1051,1075]" captionTargetBox="[229,1358,181,1028]" captionTargetId="figure-31@18.[229,1358,181,1028]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 62–65. Cardiocondyla opistopsis, holotype; Fig. 62: head in dorsal view; Fig. 63: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 64: dorsal view; Fig. 65: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kuweit: Burgan, 1988" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888247/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 62–65</figureCitation>
....................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAB26583FA15AA92" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1340,1436,650,671]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opistopsis">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAB26583FA15AA92" bold="true" box="[1340,1436,650,671]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">opistopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1965AEFA15AAD7" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1965AEFA15AAD7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1965AEFF35AAB1" bold="true" box="[151,188,679,700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13b</emphasis>
Postocular distance larger (PoOc/CL 
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<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FD0C65AEFD4EAAB0" box="[642,711,679,701]" degrees="0.469" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55" value="-0.469">–0.469</geoCoordinate>
]. Petiole height and postpetiole width higher. Discriminant&gt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FF6C65CCFEFFAAD7" box="[226,374,708,731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">612 specimens</specimenCount>
]...................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A65CCFA15AAD7" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,709,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">14</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF1965EBFA15AB87" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1965EBFA15AB60" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1965EBFA15AB60" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1965EBFF32AAFA" bold="true" box="[151,187,738,759]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">14a</emphasis>
Head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex strongly microrugulose (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FBEE65EBFB24AAF5" box="[1120,1197,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-70@18.[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Cardiocondyla rugulosa, holotype; Fig. 66: head in dorsal view; Fig. 67: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 68: dorsal view; Fig. 69: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Yemen: Sanaa, 1991.05" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888253/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
). Dorsal promesonotum longitudinally microrugulose (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FD8A65F6FDC2AB18" box="[516,587,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-70@18.[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Cardiocondyla rugulosa, holotype; Fig. 66: head in dorsal view; Fig. 67: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 68: dorsal view; Fig. 69: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Yemen: Sanaa, 1991.05" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888253/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
).All surfaces of head, mesosoma and petiole matt due to more developed microsculpture. Dorsal profile of mesonotum straight, contrasting the clearly convex dorsal profile of propodeum, metanotal depression feebly suggested (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FEC06433FE1FAB5D" box="[334,406,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-70@18.[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Cardiocondyla rugulosa, holotype; Fig. 66: head in dorsal view; Fig. 67: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 68: dorsal view; Fig. 69: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Yemen: Sanaa, 1991.05" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888253/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
). With all measurements in mm, discriminant 95.88*EYE-164.99*MGr-12.035&gt; 0. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FB4E6432FA8FAB5D" box="[1216,1286,827,848]" name="Yemen" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Yemen</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FA816433FA0AAB5D" box="[1295,1411,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-70@18.[251,1336,1136,1949]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Cardiocondyla rugulosa, holotype; Fig. 66: head in dorsal view; Fig. 67: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 68: dorsal view; Fig. 69: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Yemen: Sanaa, 1991.05" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888253/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 66–69</figureCitation>
............................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FACA645EFA15AB60" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1348,1436,855,877]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugulosa">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FACA645EFA15AB60" bold="true" box="[1348,1436,855,877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">rugulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19647CFA15AB87" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19647CFA15AB87" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19647CFF35AB87" bold="true" box="[151,188,885,906]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">14b</emphasis>
Body surfaces less microrugulose, often shiny. Dorsal profile of mesosoma different. Discriminant &lt;0................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A647CFA15AB87" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,885,906]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">15</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF19649BFA15ABF2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19649BFA14ABEF" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19649BFA14ABEF" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19649BFF32ABAA" bold="true" box="[151,187,914,935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">15a</emphasis>
Microsculpture of head with irregular foveolar margins (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FC9D649BFCD4ABA5" box="[787,861,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–73" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 70–73. Cardiocondyla kushanica, paratype; Fig. 70: head in dorsal view; Fig. 71: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 72: dorsal view; Fig. 73: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Afghanistan: Darountah, 1958.01.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888257/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
). Additionally differing from members of the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAA6649BFAF8ABAA" ID-CoL="68ZQK" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1869" box="[1320,1393,914,935]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAA6649BFAF8ABAA" box="[1320,1393,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FF6C64A6FEA4ABC9" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1889" box="[226,301,943,964]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulianini">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF6C64A6FEA4ABC9" box="[226,301,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ulianini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by larger eye (EYE/CS 
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<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FD0864A6FD40ABC8" box="[646,713,943,965]" degrees="0.274" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55" value="-0.274">–0.274</geoCoordinate>
] and from members of the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FC4664A6FB81ABC9" ID-CoL="R5B7" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1894" box="[968,1032,943,964]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FC4664A6FB81ABC9" box="[968,1032,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">batesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by longer tergite pubescence (PLG/ CS 6.84–6.94). 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FEF664C4FE78ABEE" box="[376,497,973,995]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FE7764C4FDE4ABEF" box="[505,621,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–73" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 70–73. Cardiocondyla kushanica, paratype; Fig. 70: head in dorsal view; Fig. 71: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 72: dorsal view; Fig. 73: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Afghanistan: Darountah, 1958.01.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888257/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 70–73</figureCitation>
............................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAB864C5FA14ABEF" ID-CoL="R5BJ" authorityName="Pisarski" authorityYear="1967" box="[1334,1437,972,994]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kushanica">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAB864C5FA14ABEF" bold="true" box="[1334,1437,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">kushanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1964E3FA15ABF2" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1964E3FA15ABF2" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1964E3FF35ABF2" bold="true" box="[151,188,1002,1023]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">15b</emphasis>
Foveolae on vertex not with irregular margins. Character combination different................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A64E3FA15ABF2" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1002,1023]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">16</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF19630EFA15AC79" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19630EFA14AC5A" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19630EFA14AC5A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19630EFF32AC11" bold="true" box="[151,187,1031,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">16a</emphasis>
Foveolae on vertex extremely small (dFOV 7.0–9.1 µm). Tergite pubescence very dilute (sqPDG 5.88–5.92). Scape and head much elongated (SL/CS 
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<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FD80632CFDD8AC36" box="[526,593,1061,1083]" degrees="0.867" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55" value="-0.867">–0.867</geoCoordinate>
, CL/CW 
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FD3F632CFD61AC36" box="[689,744,1061,1083]" degrees="1.238" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55" value="1.238">1.238</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FD67632CFCA7AC36" box="[745,814,1061,1083]" degrees="1.256" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55" value="-1.256">–1.256</geoCoordinate>
). 
<location id="7530D8D940779C56FCB1632CFCD7AC36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8463F1440799C55FF19615CFA14AD97:7530D8D940779C56FCB1632CFCD7AC36" box="[831,862,1061,1083]" country="Cape Verde" latitude="1.238" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-1.256" name="All" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">All</location>
body surfaces very shiny. Island endemic of 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FAAB632CFA10AC36" box="[1317,1433,1061,1083]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
, 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FF6C634BFED9AC55" box="[226,336,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[230,1357,1107,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-70@20.[230,1357,1107,1952]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Cardiocondyla verdensis n. sp., holotype; Fig. 82: head in dorsal view; Fig. 83: lateral view; Fig. 84: dorsal view; Fig. 85: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Cape Verde: Sao Nicolao, 2003.07.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888269/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs.82–85</figureCitation>
............................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA84634BFA14AC5A" bold="true" box="[1290,1437,1090,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FA84634BFAE8AC55" authority="Seifert, 2023" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2023" box="[1290,1377,1090,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verdense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA84634BFAE8AC55" bold="true" box="[1290,1377,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">verdense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A8EF6B40779C56FAE8634BFA11AC5A" box="[1382,1432,1090,1111]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196356FA15AC79" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1119,1141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196356FA15AC79" box="[151,1436,1119,1141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196356FF35AC79" bold="true" box="[151,188,1119,1140]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">16b</emphasis>
Foveolae much larger (dFOV 12–21 µm). Tergite pubescence often more dense. Scape and head usually shorter......... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A6356FA15AC79" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1119,1140]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">17</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF196374FA15ACE7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196374FA15ACC1" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196374FA15ACC1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196374FF32AC9F" bold="true" box="[151,187,1149,1170]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">17a</emphasis>
With sqPDG in µm and all other measurements in mm, discriminant 201.57*PLG-0.32*sqPDG-40.86*CL-10.32*PoOc+70.74 *SL+23.72*SPBA-24.27*SP+26.48*PeW+12.96*PpW-73.42*PeH-8.61&gt; 0 [error 0% in 177 individuals]. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FB6B6393FAC3ACA2" ID-CoL="68ZQK" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1869" box="[1253,1354,1178,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FB6B6393FAC3ACA2" box="[1253,1354,1178,1199]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group................................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A63BEFA15ACC1" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1207,1228]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">18</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1963DCFA15ACE7" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1236,1259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1963DCFA15ACE7" box="[151,1436,1236,1259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1963DCFF35ACE7" bold="true" box="[151,188,1237,1258]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">17b</emphasis>
Discriminant &lt;0 [error 0% in 322 individuals]. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FD2163DCFC82ACE7" ID-CoL="R5B7" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1894" box="[687,779,1237,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FD2163DCFC82ACE7" box="[687,779,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. batesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp; 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FCA763DCFC19ACE7" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1889" box="[809,912,1237,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulianini">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FCA763DCFC19ACE7" box="[809,912,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. ulianini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A63DCFA15ACE7" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1237,1258]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF1963FBFA15AD52" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1963FBFA14AD4F" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1963FBFA14AD4F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1963FBFF32AD0A" bold="true" box="[151,187,1266,1287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">18a</emphasis>
Occurring from 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FE0E63FBFE31AD05" box="[384,440,1266,1288]" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iberia</collectingCountry>
accross S 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FDAF63FAFDEBAD05" box="[545,610,1267,1288]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">France</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FD0A63FBFD3BAD05" box="[644,690,1266,1288]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Italy</collectingCountry>
. Contact zone with 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FCFD63FBFC5AAD0A" authorityName="Soudek" authorityYear="1925" box="[883,979,1266,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalmatica">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FCFD63FBFC5AAD0A" box="[883,979,1266,1287]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dalmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the border region of NE 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FB6B63FBFA98AD05" box="[1253,1297,1266,1288]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Italy</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FACC63FBFA10AD05" box="[1346,1433,1266,1288]" name="Slovenia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 56.7*SP+156*PeW-61.9*PoOc-126.2*PeH-48.2*PpW+126.6*MGr+17.86&gt;0 [error 0% in 81 two-specimen nest samples]. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FD186224FD7BAD4E" box="[662,754,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1045,1069]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,181,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[234,1354,181,1021]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Cardiocondyla elegans; Fig. 6: head in dorsal view; Fig. 7 lateral view; Fig. 8: dorsal view; Fig. 9: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. France: Brehemont-1.1 km E, 2010.07.15." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888202/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 6–9</figureCitation>
................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FADC6225FA14AD4F" ID-CoL="68ZQK" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1869" box="[1362,1437,1324,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FADC6225FA14AD4F" bold="true" box="[1362,1437,1324,1346]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196243FA15AD52" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196243FA15AD52" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196243FF35AD52" bold="true" box="[151,188,1354,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">18b</emphasis>
Occurring farther east. If found in NE 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FDDD6243FDF6AD6D" box="[595,639,1354,1376]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Italy</collectingCountry>
or 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FD116243FD7CAD6D" box="[671,757,1354,1376]" name="Slovenia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
, discriminant &lt;0........................................ 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A6243FA15AD52" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1354,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF19626EFA15ADFF" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19626EFA14ADB5" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19626EFA14ADB5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19626EFF32AD71" bold="true" box="[151,187,1383,1404]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19a</emphasis>
Combination of larger foveloar diameter on vertex, lower postpetiolar height, longer propodeal spines and higher pubescence distance on gaster tergites. With dFOV, sqPDG in µm and SP, PpH in mm, discriminant 1.623*sqPDG+0.718*dFOV+96.14*SP -62.63*PpH-15.233&gt; 2 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FDC962ABFD46ADBA" box="[583,719,1441,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
]. S 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FD7F62ABFCC9ADB5" box="[753,832,1442,1464]" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, NE 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FCE162ABFC6EADB5" box="[879,999,1442,1464]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Turkey, Iran</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FC6162ABFBE1ADB5" box="[1007,1128,1442,1464]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FBFF62ABFB6CADBA" box="[1137,1253,1442,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–21" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1970,1994]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,1147,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-92@12.[261,1327,1147,1946]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 18–21. Cardiocondyla brachyceps; Fig. 18: head in dorsal view; Fig. 19: lateral view; Fig. 20: dorsal view; Fig. 21: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Fars, 1997.09.19" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888210/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 18–21</figureCitation>
...... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAA062ABFA14ADB5" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1326,1437,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyceps">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAA062ABFA14ADB5" bold="true" box="[1326,1437,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">brachyceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1962B6FA15ADFF" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1962B6FA15ADFF" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1962B6FF35ADD9" bold="true" box="[151,188,1471,1492]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">19b</emphasis>
Foveolar diameter smaller, postpetiolar height larger, spines shorter, pubescence distance smaller. Discriminant &lt;2 [error 1.4% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FF7562D4FE0AADFF" box="[251,387,1500,1522]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">72 specimens</specimenCount>
]..................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A62D4FA15ADFF" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1501,1522]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">20</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF1962F3FA15AECD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1962F3FA14AE47" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1962F3FA14AE47" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1962F3FF32AE02" bold="true" box="[151,187,1530,1551]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">20a</emphasis>
Bases of propodeal spines more approached, petiole narrower and higher, surface of propodeum glabrous, propodeal spines very acute, petiole high with a very steep anterior profile of the node. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 163.8*PeH- 29.1*PeW-134.63*SPBA-5.68&gt;2 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FD24613CFCAFAE47" box="[682,806,1588,1611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FCBD613CFC2AAE46" box="[819,931,1589,1611]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FC25613CFBA9AE47" box="[939,1056,1589,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–17" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,181,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-31@12.[246,1342,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 14–17. Cardiocondyla dalmaticoides n. sp., holotype; Fig. 14: head in dorsal view; Fig. 15: lateral view, postpetiole and gaster in full lateral view shown upper left; Fig. 16: dorsal view, postpetiole and gaster in full dorsal view shown lower left; Fig. 17: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Turkey: Reyhauli-2 km N, 1993.06.09" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888206" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888206/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 14–17</figureCitation>
............... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FB56613DFA14AE47" bold="true" box="[1240,1437,1588,1610]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FB56613DFAE9AE47" authority="Seifert, 2023" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2023" box="[1240,1376,1588,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalmaticoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FB56613DFAE9AE47" bold="true" box="[1240,1376,1588,1610]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dalmaticoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A8EF6B40779C56FAE8613CFA14AE47" box="[1382,1437,1589,1610]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19615BFA15AECD" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19615BFA15AECD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19615BFF34AE6A" bold="true" box="[151,189,1618,1639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">20b</emphasis>
Bases of propodeal spines more distant, petiole wider and lower, surface of propodeum less glabrous, propodeal spines less acute, petiole lower with a less steep anterior profile of the node. Discriminant &lt;2 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40779C56FB0B6166FA87AE88" box="[1157,1294,1647,1669]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">59 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectorName id="DD1AEBD440779C56FA936179FAE0AE88" box="[1309,1385,1648,1669]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">From N</collectorName>
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FAFE6166FA15AE88" box="[1392,1436,1647,1669]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Italy</collectingCountry>
across the whole Balkans, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FE6C6184FDAEAEAF" box="[482,551,1677,1698]" name="Cyprus" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
and Asia Minor east to the 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FCBC6184FCD5AEAF" box="[818,860,1677,1698]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iran</collectingCountry>
. Northern range border in 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FBD46184FA88AEAE" box="[1114,1281,1677,1699]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Austria, Slovakia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FABF6184FA0CAEAF" box="[1329,1413,1677,1698]" name="Hungary" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hungary</collectingCountry>
at 
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540779C56FF6C61A3FE91AEB2" box="[226,280,1706,1727]" degrees="48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="55555" value="48.0">48°N</geoCoordinate>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FEAF61A3FE1CAEB2" box="[289,405,1706,1728]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–13" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,1129,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-52@11.[247,1341,1129,1950]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–13. Cardiocondyla dalmatica, Fig. 10: head in dorsal view; Fig. 11: lateral view; Fig. 12: dorsal view; Fig. 13: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Hungary: Balassagyarmat, 2007.06.31" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888204" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888204/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 10–13</figureCitation>
.............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAB561A3FA15AECD" authorityName="Soudek" authorityYear="1925" box="[1339,1436,1706,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalmatica">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAB561A3FA15AECD" bold="true" box="[1339,1436,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dalmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF1961CEFA15AF1A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF1961CEFA15AEF7" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF1961CEFA15AEF7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1961CEFF32AED1" bold="true" box="[151,187,1735,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21a</emphasis>
With all measurements in mm, discriminant 32.44*CW-103.36*CL+134.03*PoOc-44.05*EYE+23.08*SL-41.77*SPBA+48.21*PpW-0.135 &lt;0 [error 0% in 98 individuals]. Species of the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FC6261ECFBC1AEF7" ID-CoL="R5B7" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1894" box="[1004,1096,1765,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FC6261ECFBC1AEF7" box="[1004,1096,1765,1786]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. batesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group..................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A61ECFA15AEF7" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1765,1786]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">22</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19600BFA15AF1A" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1793,1816]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19600BFA15AF1A" box="[151,1436,1793,1816]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19600BFF35AF1A" bold="true" box="[151,188,1794,1815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21b</emphasis>
Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0.4% in 241 individuals]. Species of the 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FCC3600BFC3DAF1A" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1889" box="[845,948,1794,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulianini">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FCC3600BFC3DAF1A" box="[845,948,1794,1815]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. ulianini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group................................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A600BFA15AF1A" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1794,1815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">25</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C56FF196016FA15AF81" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196016FA14AF5F" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196016FA14AF5F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196016FF32AF39" bold="true" box="[151,187,1823,1844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">22a</emphasis>
Frontal carinae notably diverging frontad, FL/FR&gt;1.109. Postocular distance large, PoOc/CL&gt;0.408. Metanotal depression very shallow, MGr &lt;2.5 %. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FE7A6034FDBEAF5E" box="[500,567,1853,1875]" name="Jordan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Jordan</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FDCE6034FD3CAF5F" box="[576,693,1853,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 74–77" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[268,1320,1129,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-54@19.[268,1320,1129,1918]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 74–77. Cardiocondyla tenuifrons, holotype; Fig. 74: head in dorsal view; Fig. 75: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 76: dorsal view; Fig. 77: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex (flipped horizontally). Jordan: Abdallah, 1996.03.30" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888261/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 74–77</figureCitation>
...................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAB86035FA14AF5F" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1334,1437,1852,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuifrons">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAB86035FA14AF5F" bold="true" box="[1334,1437,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">tenuifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF196053FA15AF81" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF196053FA15AF81" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF196053FF34AF62" bold="true" box="[151,189,1882,1903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">22b</emphasis>
Frontal carinae less diverging, FL/FR &lt;1.110. Postocular distance smaller, PoOc/CL &lt;0.409. Metanotal depression deeper, MGr usually&gt; 2.5 %................................................................................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FA0A607EFA15AF81" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1911,1932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">23</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740779C55FF19609CFA15A8A1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C56FF19609CFA15AFC5" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C56FF19609CFA15AFC5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF19609CFF32AFA7" bold="true" box="[151,187,1941,1962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">23a</emphasis>
Petiole massive, ratio PeW /PpW&gt; 0.57. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 152.578*PeW-69.53*PpW+2.092*SL+3 0.63*PoOc-10.57&gt; 2.5 [error 0% in 4 individuals]. Only known from two sites in 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240779C56FC7760BBFBE0AFC5" box="[1017,1129,1970,1992]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C56FBFF60BBFB6FAFC5" box="[1137,1254,1970,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 58–61" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,1123,1958]" captionTargetId="figure-53@17.[237,1350,1123,1958]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 58–61. Cardiocondyla semirubra, paratype; Fig. 58: head in dorsal view; Fig. 59: lateral view; Fig. 60: dorsal view; Fig. 61: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Turkey: Sanliurfa-20 km S, 1993.06.12" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888245/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 58–61</figureCitation>
....... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140779C56FAB960BBFA15AFC5" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1335,1436,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semirubra">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FAB960BBFA15AFC5" bold="true" box="[1335,1436,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">semirubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240779C55FF1960C6FA15A8A1" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,2021]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740779C55FF1960C6FA15A8A1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="429B521040779C56FF1960C6FF34AFE9" bold="true" box="[151,189,1999,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">23b</emphasis>
Petiole less massive, ratio PeW/PpW in 97% of individuals &lt;0.57. Discriminant &lt;2.5 [error 0% in 132 individuals. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740779C55FAE360C6FA15A8A1" captionStart-0="FIGURES 54–57" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId-0="17.[151,264,1038,1062]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,264,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox-0="[238,1349,181,1015]" captionTargetBox-1="[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@17.[238,1349,181,1015]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@13.[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 54–57. Cardiocondyla batesii; Fig. 54: head in dorsal view; Fig. 55: lateral view; Fig. 56: dorsal view; Fig. 57: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Spain: Padul-4.5 km WNW, 2001.04.18" captionText-1="FIGURES 22–25. Cardiocondyla ulianini; Fig. 22: head in dorsal view; Fig. 23: lateral view; Fig. 24: dorsal view; Fig. 25: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kyrgistan: 42.44.41N, 75.49.50E, 2000.07.30-91." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888241" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888212" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7888241/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7888212/files/figure.png" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Figs. 54–57............................................................................................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A679EFA15A8A1" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,151,172]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">24</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF1967BCFA15A92F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1967BCFA15A8E5" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1967BCFA15A8E5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1967BCFF32A8C7" bold="true" box="[151,187,181,202]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">24a</emphasis>
With all measurements in mm, discriminant 63.22*CL-63.18*PoOc+55.89*SL+64.64*PeW-184.93*PeH-93.82*PpH-11.19 &lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FEE167DBFE7EA8EA" box="[367,503,209,231]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">37 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FD8B67DAFC8AA8E5" box="[517,771,210,232]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FC8367DBFCCEA8E5" box="[781,839,210,232]" name="Spain" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spain</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FCDE67DBFC4CA8E5" box="[848,965,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–57" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[238,1349,181,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-15@17.[238,1349,181,1015]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 54–57. Cardiocondyla batesii; Fig. 54: head in dorsal view; Fig. 55: lateral view; Fig. 56: dorsal view; Fig. 57: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Spain: Padul-4.5 km WNW, 2001.04.18" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888241/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 54–57</figureCitation>
.................................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAD267DBFA15A8E5" ID-CoL="R5B7" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1894" box="[1372,1436,210,232]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAD267DBFA15A8E5" bold="true" box="[1372,1436,210,232]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">batesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1967E6FA15A92F" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1967E6FA15A92F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1967E6FF34A909" bold="true" box="[151,189,239,260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">24b</emphasis>
Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FD8567E6FD1DA908" box="[523,660,239,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">95 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FD2D67E6FB13A908" box="[675,1178,239,261]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Portugal, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Cyprus</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FB2D67E6FB60A908" box="[1187,1257,239,261]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Middle East, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FAF867F9FA14A908" box="[1398,1437,240,261]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iran</collectingCountry>
eastwards to 
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540749C55FED16604FE1AA92E" box="[351,403,269,291]" degrees="56" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="55555" value="56.0">56°E</geoCoordinate>
. Color polymorphic. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FDD16604FD5AA92F" box="[607,723,269,291]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–81" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1022,1046]" captionTargetBox="[249,1339,181,999]" captionTargetId="figure-31@20.[249,1339,181,999]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 78–81. Cardiocondyla nigra; Fig. 78: head in dorsal view; Fig. 79: lateral view; Fig. 80: dorsal view; Fig. 81: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex (flipped horizontally). Cyprus: Linda Evangelista, 2003.03" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888265" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888265/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 78–81</figureCitation>
....................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAE96604FA15A92F" ID-CoL="R5BP" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1905" box="[1383,1436,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAE96604FA15A92F" bold="true" box="[1383,1436,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF196623FA15A9B9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF196623FA14A977" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF196623FA14A977" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF196623FF32A932" bold="true" box="[151,187,298,319]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">25a</emphasis>
Frons very narrow, FRS/CS 0.225; propodeal spines acute but very short, SP/CS 0.071; postocular distance small, PoOc/CL 0.403; postpetiole wide PpW/CS 0.552. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 160.18*FRS+41.17*PoOc-45.99*PpW- 15.23 &lt;0. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FECD666CFEF2A976" box="[323,379,357,379]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Israel</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FE0B666CFE7FA977" box="[389,502,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[248,1339,1093,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-70@14.[248,1339,1093,1911]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Cardiocondyla gallilaeica, holotype; Fig. 34: head in dorsal view; Fig. 35: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 36: dorsal view; Fig. 37: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Israel: Sedé Eliyyahu, 1983.09.06" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888225/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 34–37</figureCitation>
..................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAB8666DFA14A977" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1334,1437,356,378]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallilaeica">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAB8666DFA14A977" bold="true" box="[1334,1437,356,378]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">gallilaeica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF19668BFA15A9B9" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF19668BFA15A9B9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF19668BFF34A99A" bold="true" box="[151,189,386,407]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">25b</emphasis>
Frons wider; propodeal spines longer; postocular distance larger; postpetiole often narrower. Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FAF6668BFEC5A9B8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">240 specimens</specimenCount>
]......................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A6696FA15A9B9" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,415,436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">26</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF1966B4FA15AA4A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1966B4FA15AA01" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1966B4FA15AA01" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1966B4FF32A9DF" bold="true" box="[151,187,445,466]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">26a</emphasis>
Combination of large propodeal spine base distance, small eye, large postocular distance, broad and high postpetiole. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 44.74*PoOc-167.14*EYE+161.96*SPBA-56.07*PpW+31.77*PpH+0.543&gt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FF6C66F1FEFFAA00" box="[226,374,503,525]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">179 specimens</specimenCount>
]...................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A66FEFA15AA01" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,503,524]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">27</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF19651CFA15AA4A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF19651CFA15AA4A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF19651CFF34AA27" bold="true" box="[151,189,533,554]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">26b</emphasis>
Propodeal spine base distance smaller, eye larger, postocular distance smaller, postpetiole narrower and lower. Discriminant &lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FEE1653BFE7EAA4A" box="[367,503,561,584]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">61 specimens</specimenCount>
]........................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A653BFA15AA4A" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,562,583]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">29</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF196546FA15AAB1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF196546FA14AAAD" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF196546FA14AAAD" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF196546FF32AA69" bold="true" box="[151,187,591,612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">27a</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40749C55FF6C6546FA14AAAD" collectionCode="EYE" collectorName="S Balkans" country="Turkey" location="Asia Minor" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCode="CL-58.26, FRS-54.85, PLG-4.19" specimenCount="84">
With sqPDG in µm and all other measurements in mm, discriminant 163.54*PoOc+0.755*sqPDG-57.89* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940749C55FB566546FAB1AA68" box="[1240,1336,591,613]" collectionCode="CL-" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15579" name="Babes-Bolyai University" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">CL-58.26</specimenCode>
*CW+197. 78* 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740749C55FE8D6564FEBDAA8E" box="[259,308,621,643]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">EYE</collectionCode>
+47.39* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940749C55FE0C6564FE64AA8E" box="[386,493,621,643]" collectionCode="FRS-" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14882" name="Falconer Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">FRS-54.85</specimenCode>
*SP+55.08*PeW-109.15*PeH+53.45*PpH-178.59* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940749C55FC526564FBB6AA8E" box="[988,1087,621,643]" collectionCode="PLG-" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PLG-4.19</specimenCode>
&gt; 0.5 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FB776564FA08AA8F" box="[1273,1409,620,642]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">84 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectorName id="DD1AEBD440749C55FA016564FEA6AAAD" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S Balkans</collectorName>
and 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FED26583FE45AAAD" box="[348,460,650,672]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FE5B6583FDC0AAAD" box="[469,585,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–45" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1962,1986]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,1112,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-55@15.[243,1345,1112,1938]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 42–45. Cardiocondyla bulgarica; Fig. 42: head in dorsal view; Fig. 43: lateral view; Fig. 44: dorsal view; Fig. 45: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Bulgaria: Burgas-7 km S, 2003.09.30" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888231/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 42–45</figureCitation>
............................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAB06583FA14AAAD" ID-CoL="5WZQK" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" box="[1342,1437,650,672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgarica">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAB06583FA14AAAD" bold="true" box="[1342,1437,650,672]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">bulgarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1965AEFA15AAB1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" box="[151,1436,679,701]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1965AEFA15AAB1" box="[151,1436,679,701]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1965AEFF34AAB1" bold="true" box="[151,189,679,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">27b</emphasis>
Discriminant &lt;0.5 [error 0% in 
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]............................................................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A65AEFA15AAB1" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,679,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">28</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF1965CCFA15ABAA" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1965CCFA15AB5D" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1965CCFA15AB5D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1965CCFF32AAD7" bold="true" box="[151,187,709,730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">28a</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40749C55FF6C65CCFA15AB5D" collectionCode="PLG" collectorName="SE Balkans" country="Turkey" location="Caspian region" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCount="69">
Microsetae on clypeus shorter (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FDAA65CCFDF9AAD6" box="[548,624,709,731]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–49" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1035,1059]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-31@16.[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 46–49. Cardiocondyla sahlbergi; Fig. 46: head in dorsal view; Fig. 47: lateral view; Fig. 48: dorsal view; Fig. 49: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Russia: Barkhan Sarykum, 2017.04.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
), pubescence on all body parts shorter, foveolae on vertex less densely packed (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FF6765EBFEA2AAF5" box="[233,299,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–49" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1035,1059]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-31@16.[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 46–49. Cardiocondyla sahlbergi; Fig. 46: head in dorsal view; Fig. 47: lateral view; Fig. 48: dorsal view; Fig. 49: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Russia: Barkhan Sarykum, 2017.04.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig.49</figureCitation>
), postpetiole wider, petiole node in lateral view more symmetric (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FC2165EBFC79AAF5" box="[943,1008,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–49" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1035,1059]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-31@16.[240,1347,181,1011]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 46–49. Cardiocondyla sahlbergi; Fig. 46: head in dorsal view; Fig. 47: lateral view; Fig. 48: dorsal view; Fig. 49: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Russia: Barkhan Sarykum, 2017.04.21" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig.47</figureCitation>
), dorsum of mesosoma and waist shiny and mesosoma frequently darker. With dFOV in µm and all other measurements in mm, discriminant 0.965*dFOV+164.79*EYE-38.64*PpW+123.49* 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740749C55FE236414FE54AB3E" box="[429,477,797,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PLG</collectionCode>
+77.67*MGr-32.49 &lt;0 [error 2.9% in 
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]. 
<collectorName id="DD1AEBD440749C55FC706414FBFBAB3E" box="[1022,1138,797,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SE Balkans</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FBF26414FB64AB3E" box="[1148,1261,797,819]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FB766414FAB9AB3E" box="[1272,1328,797,819]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Israel</collectingCountry>
, Caucasus, 
<location id="7530D8D940749C55FF6C6433FEFCAB5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8463F1440799C55FF19615CFA14AD97:7530D8D940749C55FF6C6433FEFCAB5D" box="[226,373,826,848]" country="Turkey" name="Caspian region" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Caspian region</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FEF06432FE2EAB5D" box="[382,423,827,848]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iran</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FE3E6433FDA1AB5D" box="[432,552,826,848]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
, Kyrgistan. Figs, 46–49.............................................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FACE6433FA15AB5D" ID-CoL="R5BY" authorityName=", Forel" authorityYear="1913" box="[1344,1436,826,848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahlbergi">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FACE6433FA15AB5D" bold="true" box="[1344,1436,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sahlbergi</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF19645EFA15ABAA" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF19645EFA15ABAA" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF19645EFF34AB61" bold="true" box="[151,189,855,876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">28b</emphasis>
Microsetae on clypeus longer (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FD89645EFDC6AB60" box="[519,591,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-68@16.[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Cardiocondyla persiana, paratype; Fig. 50: head in dorsal view; Fig. 51: lateral view; Fig. 52: dorsal view; Fig. 53: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Shiraz-7 km NE, 1997.09.18" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888237/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
), pubescence on all body parts longer, foveolae on vertex more densely packed (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FAC4645EFA19AB60" box="[1354,1424,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-68@16.[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Cardiocondyla persiana, paratype; Fig. 50: head in dorsal view; Fig. 51: lateral view; Fig. 52: dorsal view; Fig. 53: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Shiraz-7 km NE, 1997.09.18" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888237/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
), postpetiole narrower, petiole node in lateral view more asymmetric (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FCF3647CFC4CAB86" box="[893,965,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-68@16.[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Cardiocondyla persiana, paratype; Fig. 50: head in dorsal view; Fig. 51: lateral view; Fig. 52: dorsal view; Fig. 53: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Shiraz-7 km NE, 1997.09.18" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888237/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
), dorsum of mesosoma and waist less shiny and mesosoma frequently lighter. Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 7.7% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FCBB649BFC34ABAA" box="[821,957,913,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">26 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FC45649BFB93ABA5" box="[971,1050,914,936]" name="Georgia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FBAA649AFBC7ABA5" box="[1060,1102,915,936]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iran</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FBD9649BFB4CABA5" box="[1111,1221,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-68@16.[235,1353,1120,1959]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Cardiocondyla persiana, paratype; Fig. 50: head in dorsal view; Fig. 51: lateral view; Fig. 52: dorsal view; Fig. 53: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Shiraz-7 km NE, 1997.09.18" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888237/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 50–53</figureCitation>
........... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAC9649BFA15ABAA" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1351,1436,914,935]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persiana">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAC9649BFA15ABAA" bold="true" box="[1351,1436,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">persiana</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF1964A6FA15AC5A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1964A6FA15AC10" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1964A6FA15AC10" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1964A6FF32ABC9" bold="true" box="[151,187,943,964]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">29a</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40749C55FF6C64B9FA15AC10" collectionCode="SPBA" country="Israel" location="Eqypt" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCount="10">
Vertex with rather large, well-demarcated, bicoronate and densely-packed foveolae and in anteromedian part with well-developed longitudinal sculpture(
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FDAB64C4FD1CABEE" box="[549,661,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[245,1341,181,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[245,1341,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Cardiocondyla israelica; Fig. 38: head in dorsal view; Fig. 39: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 40: dorsal view; Fig. 41: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Ebn Salam Mansora, 2002.11.07" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888227/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 38, 41</figureCitation>
). Pubescence on gaster tergites more dense. With dFOV, sqPDG in µm and 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740749C55FAEC64C4FA14ABEF" box="[1378,1437,973,994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SPBA</collectionCode>
in mm, discriminant 2.559*sqPDG-0.472*dFov+15.117*SPBA-4.857 &lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FBCA64E3FB46ABF2" box="[1092,1231,1001,1023]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
]. 
<location id="7530D8D940749C55FB6E64E2FA95AC0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8463F1440799C55FF19615CFA14AD97:7530D8D940749C55FB6E64E2FA95AC0D" box="[1248,1308,1003,1024]" country="Israel" name="Eqypt" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eqypt</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FAA664E3FAE9AC0D" box="[1320,1376,1002,1024]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Israel</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FAE364E3FE97AC10" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[245,1341,181,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[245,1341,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Cardiocondyla israelica; Fig. 38: head in dorsal view; Fig. 39: lateral view (flipped horizontally); Fig. 40: dorsal view; Fig. 41: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Egypt: Ebn Salam Mansora, 2002.11.07" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888227/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 38–41</figureCitation>
........................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAC6630EFA15AC10" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1352,1436,1031,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israelica">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAC6630EFA15AC10" bold="true" box="[1352,1436,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">israelica</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF19632CFA15AC5A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF19632CFA15AC5A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF19632CFF34AC37" bold="true" box="[151,189,1061,1082]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">29b</emphasis>
Vertex with smaller, less demarcated and more spaced foveolae and with very weak or absent longitudinal microsculpture. Pubescence on gaster tergites less dense. Discriminant&gt; 0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FC1C634BFB9EAC5A" box="[914,1047,1089,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">51 specimens</specimenCount>
]............................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A634BFA15AC5A" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1090,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">30</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF196356FA15ACE7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF196356FA14ACBD" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF196356FA14ACBD" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF196356FF32AC79" bold="true" box="[151,187,1119,1140]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">30a</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40749C55FF6C6356FA14ACBD" collectionCode="FRS" collectorName="N Xinjang" country="Ukraine" location="Continuously" longitude="88.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCode="PLG-6.246" specimenCount="44">
Postpetiole and frons wider, pubescence hairs on gaster tergites shorter. With all measurements in mm, discriminant 93.21* 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740749C55FEAE6374FEC2AC9E" box="[288,331,1149,1171]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14882" name="Falconer Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">FRS</collectionCode>
+27.62*PpW-406.34* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940749C55FDAE6374FD07AC9E" box="[544,654,1149,1171]" collectionCode="PLG-" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PLG-6.246</specimenCode>
&gt; 0 [error 0% in 
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]. 
<location id="7530D8D940749C55FC6C6374FBEAAC9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8463F1440799C55FF19615CFA14AD97:7530D8D940749C55FC6C6374FBEAAC9E" box="[994,1123,1149,1171]" country="Ukraine" longitude="88.0" name="Continuously" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Continuously</location>
distributed from the S 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FAC16374FA15AC9E" box="[1359,1436,1149,1171]" name="Ukraine" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540749C55FF676393FE92ACBD" box="[233,283,1178,1200]" degrees="32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="55555" value="32.0">32°E</geoCoordinate>
) eastwards to 
<collectorName id="DD1AEBD440749C55FE2B6392FD83ACBD" box="[421,522,1178,1200]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">N Xinjang</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="15DBE8C540749C55FD966393FDC2ACBD" box="[536,587,1178,1200]" degrees="88" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="55555" value="88.0">88°E</geoCoordinate>
). 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FDD26393FD59ACBD" box="[604,720,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[241,1347,181,1010]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Cardiocondyla ulianini; Fig. 22: head in dorsal view; Fig. 23: lateral view; Fig. 24: dorsal view; Fig. 25: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kyrgistan: 42.44.41N, 75.49.50E, 2000.07.30-91." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888212/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 22–25</figureCitation>
..................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAC06393FA14ACBD" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1889" box="[1358,1437,1178,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulianini">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAC06393FA14ACBD" bold="true" box="[1358,1437,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ulianini</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1963BEFA15ACE7" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1963BEFA15ACE7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1963BEFF34ACC1" bold="true" box="[151,189,1207,1228]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">30b</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C087845F40749C55FF6C63BEFA15ACE7" collectionCode="FRS" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCode="PLG-6.246" specimenCount="7">
Postpetiole and frons narrower, pubescence hairs on gaster tergites longer. Discriminant 93.21* 
<collectionCode id="16FE16C740749C55FBEB63BEFB19ACC0" box="[1125,1168,1207,1229]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14882" name="Falconer Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">FRS</collectionCode>
+27.62*PpW-406.34* 
<specimenCode id="2049267940749C55FAEB63BEFE91ACE6" collectionCode="PLG-" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PLG-6.246</specimenCode>
&lt;0 [error 0% in 
<specimenCount id="66E9458B40749C55FE3163DCFDB2ACE7" box="[447,571,1236,1258]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
]..................................................................... 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA0A63DCFA15ACE7" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1237,1258]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">31</emphasis>
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</keyStep>
<keyStep id="CB1B96A740749C55FF1963FBFA14AD97" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF1963FBFA14AD4F" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF1963FBFA14AD4F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF1963FBFF32AD0A" bold="true" box="[151,187,1266,1287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">31a</emphasis>
Postocular distance and postpetiole height much larger (PoOc/CL&gt; 0.423, PpH/CS&gt; 0.260). Foveolae on vertex mediad of eye with diffuse margins (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FE3B6206FE74AD2B" box="[437,509,1295,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-52@13.[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Cardiocondyla littoralis; Fig. 26: head in dorsal view; Fig. 27: lateral view; Fig. 28: dorsal view; Fig. 29: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kazakhstan: Sassy Kol, 2001.08.07." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888217/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
). Anterior face of petiole node moderately sloping down (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FBA76206FBF8AD2B" box="[1065,1137,1295,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-52@13.[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Cardiocondyla littoralis; Fig. 26: head in dorsal view; Fig. 27: lateral view; Fig. 28: dorsal view; Fig. 29: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kazakhstan: Sassy Kol, 2001.08.07." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888217/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). SE 
<collectingCountry id="08F8CE9240749C55FB2A6206FA9EAD28" box="[1188,1303,1295,1317]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FAAE6206FA1DAD28" box="[1312,1428,1295,1317]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-52@13.[239,1349,1119,1952]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Cardiocondyla littoralis; Fig. 26: head in dorsal view; Fig. 27: lateral view; Fig. 28: dorsal view; Fig. 29: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Kazakhstan: Sassy Kol, 2001.08.07." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888217/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 26–29</figureCitation>
.............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FAC46225FA14AD4F" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2003" box="[1354,1437,1324,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FAC46225FA14AD4F" bold="true" box="[1354,1437,1324,1346]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">littoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70508E0240749C55FF196243FA14AD97" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="CB1E2D3740749C55FF196243FA14AD97" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FF196243FF35AD52" bold="true" box="[151,188,1354,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">31b</emphasis>
Postocular distance and postpetiole height smaller (PoOc/CL &lt;0.423, PpH/CS &lt;0.260). Foveolae on vertex mediad of eye more strongly demarcated and bicoronate (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FDF0626EFD4FAD73" box="[638,710,1383,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetId="figure-31@14.[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Cardiocondyla caspiense n. sp., holotype; Fig. 30: head in dorsal view; Fig. 31: lateral view; Fig. 32: dorsal view; Fig. 33: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Miankaleh, 2004.07.23" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888221/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
). Anterior face of petiole node steeper (
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FBCD626EFB02AD73" box="[1091,1163,1383,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetId="figure-31@14.[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Cardiocondyla caspiense n. sp., holotype; Fig. 30: head in dorsal view; Fig. 31: lateral view; Fig. 32: dorsal view; Fig. 33: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Miankaleh, 2004.07.23" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888221/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
). Iranian Caspi region. 
<figureCitation id="E8D4928740749C55FAE3626EFEA8AD97" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetId="figure-31@14.[258,1330,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Cardiocondyla caspiense n. sp., holotype; Fig. 30: head in dorsal view; Fig. 31: lateral view; Fig. 32: dorsal view; Fig. 33: head surface between inner eye margin and paramedian vertex. Iran: Miankaleh, 2004.07.23" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7888221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7888221/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 30–33</figureCitation>
.................................................................................. 
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA8C628CFA14AD97" bold="true" box="[1282,1437,1413,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="B7EFF58140749C55FA8C628CFAE8AD97" authority="Seifert, 2023" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2023" box="[1282,1377,1413,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caspiense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="429B521040749C55FA8C628CFAE8AD97" bold="true" box="[1282,1377,1413,1434]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">caspiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A8EF6B40749C55FAE8628CFA14AD97" box="[1382,1437,1413,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>