423 lines
39 KiB
XML
423 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.593.8511" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f8a549a-c89c-473e-8b7d-977e05672a47" ID-PMC="PMC4926627" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-593-1" ID-PubMed="27408549" ID-ZBK="438AFCEFD11949E78C2F76D1E24E6B42" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-593-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 593" ModsDocTitle="A new, genetically divergent species of Pseudobaikalia Lindholm, 1909 (Caenogastropoda, Baicaliidae)" checkinTime="1464309932045" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sitnikova, Tatiana, Kovalenkova, Maria, Peretolchina, Tatiana & Sherbakov, Dmitry" docDate="2016" docId="D438D3536E3EC7208929F3C527A9A0F1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 593: 1-14" docOrigin="ZooKeys 593" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.593.8511" docTitle="Pseudobaikalia michelae Sitnikoiva & Kovalenkova, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="547D6538-64A8-4E90-8503-3048991BB626" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF88FFB02943EA05C8548617FFA84621" masterDocTitle="A new, genetically divergent species of Pseudobaikalia Lindholm, 1909 (Caenogastropoda, Baicaliidae)" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1668163137323" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new, genetically divergent species of Pseudobaikalia Lindholm, 1909 (Caenogastropoda, Baicaliidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sitnikova, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kovalenkova, Maria</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peretolchina, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sherbakov, Dmitry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>593</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>14</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.593.8511</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.593.8511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-593-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">438AFCEFD11949E78C2F76D1E24E6B42</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">438AFCEFD11949E78C2F76D1E24E6B42</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127900275" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:547D6538-64A8-4E90-8503-3048991BB626" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D438D3536E3EC7208929F3C527A9A0F1" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Taxon classification Animalia Littorinimorpha Baicaliidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/547D6538-64A8-4E90-8503-3048991BB626" authority="Sitnikoiva & Kovalenkova" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae Sitnikoiva & Kovalenkova</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 2A, B, C, 3, 4, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The species name '
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<taxonomicName genus="Caenogastropoda" lsidName="Caenogastropoda michelae" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="michelae">michelae</taxonomicName>
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' is in honour of Ellinor Michel (Natural History Museum, London) who has made a range of studies on gastropods inhabiting ancient lakes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Holotype (dry) and 2 paratypes (dry and in alcohol) from the type locality were deposited in freshwater gastropod collection of Zoological Institute
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">RAS</pageBreakToken>
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(Saint Petersburg, Russia) and are registered under Nos. 1/522-2015 (holotype) and 2/522-2015 (paratypes). Shells of six paratypes were destroyed for dissections (to study anatomy and nucleotide sequences) with images of them given here (Fig. 2B).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Two shells from a lot No. 1 of Zoological Institute collection with original label '
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Leucosia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosia angarensis var. pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="angarensis" variety="pulla">Leucosia angarensis var. pulla</taxonomicName>
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, Baikal, collection W.
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<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, W" journalOrPublisher="Memories de L'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 73" title="Die Gastropoden - Fauna des Baikal-Sees, anatomisch und systematisch bearbeitet." volume="22" year="1875">Dybowski 1875</bibRefCitation>
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'; 2 specimens: south-eastern part of Lake Baikal, near Utulik settlement (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.55375">51°33'13.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.08814">104°05'17.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at the depth of 17-31 m, silty sand; by drag, coll. by authors 07.21.2015 (site 2); 2 shells: the same part of the lake, Murinskaya Bank (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.50314">51°30'11.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.477615">104°28'39.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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), 34-39 m depth, stones, sand, silt; by drag, coll. by authors 07.21.2015 (site 3); 7 specimens: central part of the Lake, Barguzin Bay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="53.309666">53°18'34.8"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="108.73538">108°44'07.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at a depth of 14 m, sand and stones; by drag, coll. by authors 07.17.2015 (site 4 in Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Kultuk Bay (southern part) of the Lake Baikal (southern Siberia), (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.71664">51°42'59.9"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.72308">103°43'23.1"E</geoCoordinate>
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) from 11 to 27 m depth, sand and stones, sponges (site 1, Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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(Figs 2-5): Shell (Fig. 2A, B) grey-green or light brown, elongate-conic, smooth with 5-6 growth lines, small, up to 6.5 mm high and 3 mm wide; with 4.25-5.75 well rounded whorls, deep suture, without umbilicus; aperture elongate-oval, columellar lip slightly thickened, outer lip thin, simple or slightly rounded, basal lip rounded or slightly elongated. For shell dimensions please see Table 2. Protoconch (Fig. 3C, F) discoidal, about 1.25-1.45 whorls, diameter about 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μ">μ</normalizedToken>
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, surface almost smooth, near suture with slight spiral threads or slightly reticulate. Operculum (Fig. 3A, B) flat, thin, transparent, paucispiral with 5-6 growth whorls, last half whorl weakly frilled, nucleus subcentral, attachment scar elongated oval occupies about 1/3 of operculum width.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A, B Operculum, dorsal view to left and ventral view to right C, E Protoconch D Penis, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, D, E).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Figure 4. Radular teeth of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Scale bars: 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(A, B, C); 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(D, E).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Figure 5. Genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A, C Ventral and dorsal view of female genitalia B Section of capsule gland and ventral channel D Penis. Abbreviations: ag-albumen gland; cg-capsule gland; cov-coil oviduct; go-genitalia opening; vch-ventral channel; vd-vas deference. Scale bars 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Table 2. Shell dimensions and whorl counts of type material of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Abbreviation: SH-height of shell; SW-width of shell; AW-width of aperture; AL-length of aperture; SpH-height of spire; LW-height of last whorl; n-number of whorls. Measurements are in mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Specimen</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SH</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SW</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">AW</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">AL</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SpH</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LW</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">n</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">ZIN</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Radula (Fig. 4): 580-600
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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length with 46-48 teeth rows, 30-33 of them well-formed. Central teeth square or triangular, about 15.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide, cutting edge broadly concave; central cusp absent or square formed by the merger of 2-3 cusps; lateral cusps 15-16, thin and long; basal tongue slightly convex or straight. Lateral teeth face rectangular, outer margin with concave bend, central cusp similar to lateral cusps or slightly broader, or merger of 2-3 cusps, inner and outer lateral cusps about 9-10; outer wing rather broad, straight, about two times longer than cutting edge. Inner marginal teeth with approximately 24 cusps and outer marginal teeth with approximately 16 cusps.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body pigmented black, mantle edge light grey, ctenidium nearly 2 mm in length with 62-64 leaflets, osphradium broadly ovate, slightly narrowed in proximal end, ~ 0.5 mm length, opposite anterior part of ctenidium, a little deeper than mantle fold.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Reproductive system.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Male with small bean prostate gland (Figs 5D, 3D), anterior and posterior vas deferens close together in middle part of prostate, penis light grey, muscular, elongated, with thin glandulous often non-visible fold, gradually tapering with short and small papilla. Female coiled oviduct with one spiral, loop grey pigmented with two 'tube-like
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<normalizedToken originalValue="evaginations’">evaginations'</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. was found on heterogeneous (stones, sand, and silt) or soft sediments at depth zone ranging from 11 to 39 m in southern, east-southern and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">central-eastern</pageBreakToken>
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parts of Lake Baikal. At the type locality
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. was sympatric with three other species of baicaliids:
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Godlewskia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Godlewskia pulchella" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchella">Godlewskia pulchella</taxonomicName>
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(Dybowski, 1875),
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Korotnewia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Korotnewia semenkewitschi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="semenkewitschi">Korotnewia semenkewitschi</taxonomicName>
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Lindholm, 1909, and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Teratobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Teratobaikalia duthiersii" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duthiersii">Teratobaikalia duthiersii</taxonomicName>
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Dybowski, 1875. Eleven baicaliids including
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and three species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pseudobaikalia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
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were collected together at sites 2 and 4 (Fig. 1); ten baicaliids were registered at site 3 (Fig. 1), including the species,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pseudobaikalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes seven mainly shallow water species (Fig. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–K">D-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
); some of them were found down to 100 or 200 m depth. Two species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia cancellata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cancellata">Pseudobaikalia cancellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found only in the northern part of the lake,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia elegantula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegantula">Pseudobaikalia elegantula</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits the northern and central parts of the lake, and three other species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
are found in a range of locations throughout of Baikal, and are sympatric to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 2E) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 2F) are smooth as in the new species, while the other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pseudobaikalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
have transverse ribs or lirae. The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="tenuicosta">Pseudobaikalia pulla tenuicosta</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from the northern part of Lake Baikal) has slightly raised ribs. Both subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
have an operculum equal to aperture size (Fig. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
), but the operculum of other species including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is smaller than aperture. The new species is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its size and smooth shell but differs in colour (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
has light brown shell and body) and in the morphology of the female gonoduct (in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
the oviduct loop is wider and includes 3-4 'tube-like
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="evaginations’">evaginations'</normalizedToken>
|
||
); the penis of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been investigated yet (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sitnikova, TYa" editor="Lynevich, A" journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Novosibirsk" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="281 - 295" title="New structure of Baikalian endemic family Baicaliidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia)." year="1991">Sitnikova 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The new species is similar to young
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Parabaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parabaikalia elata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elata">Parabaikalia elata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Dybowski, 1975) in the shape of shell and aperture (Fig. 2I), but differs in adult shell size and the length of oviduct loop.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Parabaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parabaikalia elata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elata">Parabaikalia elata</taxonomicName>
|
||
is partially sympatric to a new species, they co-occur at sites 3 and 4 (Fig. 1), and thus it was included into molecular analyses (Fig. 6, Table 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Figure 6. Phylogram derived from Bayesian analysis of combined CO1, 16S DNA and ATPase
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α">α</normalizedToken>
|
||
gene intron sequences. Values at nodes represent posterior probabilities. The scale bar represents the branch length as a measure of substitution per site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Table 3. Mean (uncorrected) CO1 (lower triangle) and intron ATP
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α">α</normalizedToken>
|
||
(upper triangle) distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and other investigated species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">Taxon</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Parabaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parabaikalia elata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elata">Parabaikalia elata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla subsp. pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla subsp. tenuicosta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="tenuicosta">Pseudobaikalia pulla tenuicosta</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Parabaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parabaikalia elata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elata">Parabaikalia elata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subspecies" species="pulla" subspecies="tenuicosta">Pseudobaikalia pulla tenuicosta</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="molecular phylogeny">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Molecular</pageBreakToken>
|
||
phylogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Six specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and thirteen specimens of sister species were analyzed using nucleotide sequences from the mitochondrial genes CO1, mtSSU rDNA and nuclear ATPase
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α">α</normalizedToken>
|
||
intron segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JModelTest selected GTR + I + gamma for each CO1 codon positions separately HKY + I for mtSSU rDNA and HKY nucleotide substitution model for intron dataset as the best fit using the Bayesian Information Criterion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. cluster in the well-supported clade (posterior probability = 1.00) (Fig. 6). The average mutation distance from the new species to the other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pseudobaikalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
species was found to be appropriate for species-level distinction: 6.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.3%, 2.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.2% and 2.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.6% for the mitochondrial CO1 and mtSSU rDNA and the nuclear marker, respectively. Interspecies genetic distances are known for other taxa within this family, which can be non-monophyletic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The lowest mitochondrial genetic distance between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
are comparable to the distances between representatives of subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia pulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">Pseudobaikalia pulla</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They both are about 2% for CO1 and 0.03% for mtSSU rDNA. As for the CO1 data,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">Pseudobaikalia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
michelae
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. appears to be the sister group to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia contabulata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contabulata">Pseudobaikalia contabulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
with 4.8% of base substitutions. The minimum genetic distances in case of the intron of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is 0.7% to the two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia jentteriana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jentteriana">Pseudobaikalia jentteriana</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zachwatkini">Pseudobaikalia zachwatkini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Table 3). Moreover, there is an important higher-level character difference in the new species sequence profile as all intron sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Pseudobaikalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobaikalia michelae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="michelae">Pseudobaikalia michelae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. had a relatively large (57 BP) deletion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |