238 lines
19 KiB
XML
238 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbfece5e-665a-4062-92ec-3fe8b059e0bd" ID-PMC="PMC3095178" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-94-1" ID-PubMed="21594074" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-94-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 94" ModsDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" checkinTime="1451250463722" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hummon, William D." docDate="2011" docId="AD3EC9E01DC0DD6B08E5218385C4B1C4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 94: 1-59" docOrigin="ZooKeys 94" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" docTitle="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis Hummon, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="7D5E8574FF915668FF877704990AFFF6" masterDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1668168971445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hummon, William D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>59</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-94-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365021" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D93DAC26-9140-40C9-A797-D8507B3F6877" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD3EC9E01DC0DD6B08E5218385C4B1C4" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D93DAC26-9140-40C9-A797-D8507B3F6877" family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="sinaiensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">Tetranchyroderma</pageBreakToken>
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sinaiensis
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figure 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Tetranchyroderma</taxonomicName>
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EgyD
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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[E Med & Red Seas Database]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Adult Lt 423
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; PhJIn at U34. Body of medium length, narrow; head end rounded, without pestle organs, tentacles or lobes; neck indistinct along the rear pharynx, trunk broadening slightly in the mid-body, before narrowing gently to the caudal base; caudal pedicles short, borne on short lobes, with a wide concave margin separating the two lobes, incising medially to U97. Glands 8 per side, small, scattered in lateral columns. Epidermis covered with tetrancres of similar size, slightly smaller fore and aft; ancres occur in 45-50 rows of 9-10 ancres each, excluding the entire oral hood, but extending onto the base of the caudal lobes. TbA 7 per side forming arcs radiating from forward to outward, tubes inserting directly on the postoral body surface at U03-U05; TbVL 43 per side, 1 at U06, a group of 36 at U25-U80, 1 at U89, and a group of 5 at U93-U97; TbV 5 per side in a transverse row at U85; TbDL 9 per side, of two sizes, 7 (short) subequally spaced at U10-U90, and 2 (long) at U86 and U93; TbL/D per se absent; TbP 5 per side on the caudal pedicles, forming the fused 'two fingers and a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="thumb’">thumb'</normalizedToken>
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typical of the family, supplemented by a cirrata-like structure projecting from between the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘fingers,’">'fingers,'</normalizedToken>
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with 5 additional tubes in the space between the peduncles. Locomotor ciliature: a single field that covers the entire ventral surface at U04-U96. Mouth subterminal, as broad as the fore end of the body; buccal cavity lightly cuticularized; pharynx, broad throughout, has inconspicuous basal pores; intestine narrows fore to aft, anus is ventral at U94. Hermaphroditic; testis on left side as seen from below; vas deferens appears to open in front of the anus; developing ovum occurs above the hindgut; caudal organ is longitudinally ovoid and thick-walled, with an interior of refractive material and a central canal in the fore half; frontal organ is ovoid, hyaline and bi-layered, bearing active sperm, and partly embedded in the rear of the ovum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Adult Lt 423
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(others Lt 241-410); LPh 146
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(others LPh 95-141) to PhJIn at U34 (others PhJIn at U39-U34) (Fig. 15). Body of medium length, narrow, ventrally flattened, dorsally vaulted; head end rounded, without pestle organs, tentacles or lobes; neck indistinct along the rear pharynx, trunk broadening slightly in the mid-body, before narrowing gently to the caudal base; caudal pedicles short (L 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) borne on short lobes, with a wide concave margin separating the two lobes, incising medially to U97. Widths at mouth /rear pharynx /mid-gut /caudal base, and locations along the length of the body are as follows: 21 /36 /49 /27
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at U02 /U25 /U61 /U97, respectively. Glands 8 per side (4-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter) scattered in lateral columns at U08-U90.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Cuticular armature: Epidermis armored with tetrancres, taller than wide (L 6, W 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), of much the same size over much of the body, slightly smaller fore and aft; ancres
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<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">cover</pageBreakToken>
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dorsal surface in some 45-50 rows of 9-10 ancres each, being absent from the oral hood, but extending onto the base of the caudal lobes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Adhesive tubes: TbA 7 per side (L 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), forming arcs radiating from directly forward to obliquely outward, the medial-most being smaller than the other 6 and set slightly to the rear of the arc, all tubes inserting directly on the postoral body surface at U03-U05. TbVL 43 per side, 1 at U06 (L 8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), just behind the TbA, a group of 36 at U25-U80 (L 10-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), 1 at U89 (L 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), and a group of 5 at U93-U97 (L 10-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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); TbV 5 per side (L 11-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) in a transverse row at U85; TbDL 9 per side, of two sizes, 7 (L 6-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) subequally spaced at U10, U28, U44, U55, U65, U75 and U90, and 2 (L 17-19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) at U86 and U93; TbL/D per se are absent; TbP 3 per side on the caudal pedicles, forming the fused 'two fingers and a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="thumb’">thumb'</normalizedToken>
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typical of the family, (L terminal tubes 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, L tube on the inner margin 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), supplemented by a blind cirrata-like structure projecting dorsoposteriorly from between the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘fingers,’">'fingers,'</normalizedToken>
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with 5 additional tubes (L 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) in the space between the peduncles 3 on one side and 2 on the other.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Ciliation: Short sensory cilia surround the oral opening (L 2-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), with a number on the oral hood and several laterally (L 15-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), the longer ones being vibratile; other cilia occur regularly along the lateral (L 8-11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) and dorsolateral (L 14-17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) body surfaces, numbering 23 each. Ventral locomotor ciliature forms a single field of transverse rows from TbA to anus, lying between the TbVL columns, the field narrowing from anus to caudal base; individual cilia are 6-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Digestive tract: Mouth subterminal, as broad as the fore end of the body (15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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width); oral hood extends from U00 to U02; buccal cavity lightly cuticularized; pharynx, broad throughout, has inconspicuous basal pores; intestine narrows gradually front to rear and bends around the reproductive organs in the hind-gut region; anus is ventral at U94.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Reproductive tract: Hermaphroditic, testis on right side as seen from above (left side as seen from below); vas deferens opens in front of the anus; developing ovum (up to 48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) occurs above the hindgut; caudal organ, large, longitudinally ovoid and thick-walled (43
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), has an anterior protuberance, a concentric circular pore in the rear, an interior of refractive material, and a central canal in the fore half; frontal organ, ovoid, hyaline and bi-layered, bears active sperm, and is partly embedded in the rear of the ovum.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="sinaiensis">Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=423, LPh=146
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay, S. Sinai, Egypt; dorsal with tetrancrous surface (over half of the body), dorsal and lateral body cilia, and dorsolateral adhesive tubes; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, oyher adhesive tubes, and the locomotor ciliary band B dorsal tetrancre C caudal organ, frontal organ and ovum; B. and C. with separate scale bars.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Common in frequency of occurrence (30-60% of samples), scarce to prevalent in abundance (3% to greater than 30% of a sample, occasionally a co- [cdom] or dominant [dom]); sublittoral in very fine to medium, well to medium sorted sand at 0.5-10 m water depth (sometimes in very fine-very to coarse, poorly to very poorly sorted sand at 2-15 m water depth, amid fringing corals or between coral platforms, of both healthy and unhealthy corals, or at 1.5 m water depth at the base of a seagrass bed).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="geographical distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Geographical distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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RED SEA:EGYPT {Abu Ramada 1 [video], Abu Ramada 2 [dom], Abu Ramada 3, Marsa Bareika N [dom], Daghashland [video], Far Garden [2-videos], Giftun Island SE [video], Main Beach Ras Mohamed NP [cdom]
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<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
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Moon Beach, Moon Valley, ^
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay S (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.883333">27°53'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="34.316666">34°19'E</geoCoordinate>
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) [3-videos], Nabq S [video], Ras Nasrani, Ras Qanti [video], Tareef el-Reeh S [dom]}; ISRAEL: {Coral Beach M2, M3, M4 & M5, Princess Hotel [video], Snuba DS [video]}.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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There are 12 video sequences of
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="sinaiensis">Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., all from the upper Red Sea in Egypt and Israel. Five of these are available as MPEG 2 (and MPEG 1) from
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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: #1505 a mature Lectotype adult of Lt=423
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=146
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), collected in July 1994 from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay, S. Sinai, Egypt; #1504 a mature adult of Lt=410
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; #1508 a mature adult of Lt=371
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=110
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Ras Qanti, S. Sinai, Egypt; #1506 a mature adult of Lt=241
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=95
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) also from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay; and #1509 a juvenile of Lt=154
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=73
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Far Garden, S. Sinai, Egypt.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Sinaiensis (pronounced
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘sinaiënsis’">'sinaiensis'</normalizedToken>
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with a dieresis over the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘e’">'e'</normalizedToken>
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to indicate that it is to be pronounced separately from the diphthong
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘ai’">'ai'</normalizedToken>
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) is named after the geographical region, the Sinai Peninsula, in which it was first found.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="taxonomic affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Taxonomic affinities:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="sinaiensis">Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the only species of medium length in the genus without pestle organs, tentacles or lobes, a PhJIn at U39-U34, and tetrancres, which also has TbA 7 per side; TbVL 43 per side, two solitary tubes at U06 and U89, and two groups of 36 at U25-U80 and 5 at U93-U97; TbV 5 in a row on either side at U85, TbDL 9 per side, of two sizes, 7 short at U10-U90, and 2 long at U86 and U93, TbP 3 per side as 'two fingers and a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="thumb’">thumb'</normalizedToken>
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on small pedicles with a blind cirrata-like structure inserting between the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘fingers’">'fingers'</normalizedToken>
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and 5 additional tubes in the space between pedicles, but lacking TbL/D per se.
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma pachysomum" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="pachysomum">Tetranchyroderma pachysomum</taxonomicName>
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Hummon, Todaro & Tongiorgi, 1993 is the only other species in the genus that has tetrancres, TbD and TbV, but it is a short, squat animal, with differing numbers and arrangements of adhesive tubes than in
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<taxonomicName family="Thaumastodermatidae" genus="Tetranchyroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="sinaiensis">Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |