314 lines
40 KiB
XML
314 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="B3FCE08C59D6591CCF19CBB950883942" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97f581b3-4a31-4414-8753-97a66197d5ee" ModsDocID="z01612p025" checkinTime="1247241928304" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Piet Verburg & Roger Bills" docDate="2007" docId="7E8A9E5EFE8F4672A66FE478E3B79285" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Verburg_Bills_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1612" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C7EE498-1D50-4856-8AF2-5F59D36B029F" docTitle="Neolamprologus chitamwebwai Verburg & Bills, 2007, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="1A2F48BA902D92E218EEB22288BA2C71" masterDocTitle="Two new cichild species Neolamprologus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa." masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1701314756014" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="15916D1579BF3B83EFBF62FA7CBF7490" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C0EB91A159DCE94388A7785E3C748E83">
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<mods:title id="E96A5AD3FF8627D5F4492A3DB4477A7F">Two new cichild species Neolamprologus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7F3A8CBCEE5E1DDD8DE404B45C6DD841" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C0E108BE0B5ADB68A4B5000F89C69194">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ACDE2F2F4584D60E4092007BE0DE0E30">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5A19028FB7645CC137C2EF6453F82524">Piet Verburg</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A2020158925EE86C7E1C6A238F79A89D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="33A882AE4B7EF7B8C5C80CF3026885F1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1B26E1782F7BD5928226944F02D6F939">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0521E8BDB9F3434E1DC36A19E85B40E3">Roger Bills</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0A49C332CA1A8080BC55B75358FC9302">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="9B12275B156993DF3222BE286F30D353" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="380A98C4070509DAF260139FD1CDAE2F">
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<mods:title id="FF915E0F90EB96A596574B32511B49E8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BDD53AF552122AEF4766CA201E54B543">
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<mods:date id="184B1473DB1B138AC630C3403D479712">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A21664B5C940ADA00188CF9561F76825" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2310CB8DE586125A2FF133060657AE09">1612</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="1F6717717482DE0D26C09FDC268E4253" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="B9F1DA5F691BE03E3A313704BC55AF70">25</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="5FCCFD1C3B2613264A079629C463112C">44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="47D1CAA7B8C7B28CBE80001E52FCB480">
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<mods:url id="B4EF9CE747E6AB0221B70F3DFF0AE742">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C7EE498-1D50-4856-8AF2-5F59D36B029F</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="1689AAD5B337E3F5B1C8ECA6B56605CE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="965A77B8CC961813C036BA87D828D9CF" type="Plazi-Custom">z01612p025</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="7E8A9E5EFE8F4672A66FE478E3B79285" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6244588" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100122870" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6244588" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E8A9E5EFE8F4672A66FE478E3B79285" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E8A9E5EFE8F4672A66FE478E3B79285" lastPageNumber="39" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="27BCED2C03AE47333AF3313EED037A1D" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B6D6365FE850777DA4BF2756D45BF2D5" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="18317A3DB825BD6794464200250C083D" ID-CoL="46K2K" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="42D3838CD09066BF2254CA5182639E3E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1900430190C8CDD98CA3D6BFAA7BA1A6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B80C1C1B9A91131678397694081FAFE4" pageNumber="35">(Figs. 2 and 3)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B48C6878F088801AD6AAEE5FC0C36AF8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FFDDB69C7F0369BBCB1A2A566B88EE9F" pageNumber="35">
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<materialsCitation id="8F1AE7E9A070E8B11209213D6A55D535" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899939" country="Tanzania">
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Type material.
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<typeStatus id="DB09E1C732EDC4ED7D5B87B8D7F6A36A">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="E790C13625B0A2AFA9A67FE50FD8182C" collectionName="SAIAB">SAIAB</collectionCode>
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56270, female, 56.5 mm SL, Cape Bangwe on the Bangwe peninsula near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="495FA5A4D23DE23386C390E6DE5238FC">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="13DE524BF08F657BCC1520738582178B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-4.9122224">04°54'44" S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E8AE92242BDEFC4D095D4230DDF6C4AC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="29.598612">29°35'55" E</geoCoordinate>
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), 13/10/1997.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="73F5892FDC84A59D2C2ACBA8DE5E1BA9" pageNumber="35">
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<typeStatus id="28FFC3D5A2670361BFCF396930E428FD">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: The material was collected from one locality on the Bangwe peninsula (Cape Bangwe, Fig. 4), about midway in between both localities of
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<taxonomicName id="42929BA74EC0E88B7FA075C9BE35AE89" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
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(Tembo Rock and Muzungu Beach).
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<materialsCitation id="65B6728C3D5B6BC1408D324C58FF9847" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899942" country="Tanzania">
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<collectionCode id="6B6D20D00DD49F604D69F795F6D63489" collectionName="SAIAB">SAIAB</collectionCode>
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58256 (7), 18.0-60.6 mm SL, Cape Bangwe, near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="8742AA451BE1F7E8B900A9ADC5D275BF">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="E17AE16954AEBCB2832DBC3D5EB86B5A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-4.9122224">04°54'44" S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0AFF4E3D84B4DCFE2EC5BF34F4D38C6D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="29.598612">29°35'55" E</geoCoordinate>
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), 13/10/1997
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="1AA732EB8B05DB554DB6B846DAA22B8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899940" country="Tanzania">
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<collectionCode id="F75A3B5732AC9F26806A11D6DB22E35F" collectionName="SAIAB">SAIAB</collectionCode>
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57911 (10), 53.2-72.7 mm SL, Cape Bangwe, near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="AC037CA95F1B2195658A645FB4A890F1">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, 13/04/1998
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="E25AA9D078B22A7A37119F474252B0A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899943" country="Tanzania">
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<collectionCode id="E182A1E9465B929A11B2562D210C32E3" collectionName="SAIAB">SAIAB</collectionCode>
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57908 (1), 56.5 mm SL, Cape Bangwe, near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="AD77BDAEA134C00F239137A6DD251D8E">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, 13/04/1998
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="245680CAAF5451EB3F54F271F57E8F07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899944" country="Tanzania">
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<collectionCode id="3675942792A1300590880E214145F807" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale">MRAC</collectionCode>
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98-056-P-2 (1), 68.6 mm SL, Cape Bangwe, near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="964D2E32B8B774006E527C358550A11A">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,13/04/1998
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C4B6F16F6140A27C8CFA40ADBF425615" pageNumber="35">
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<materialsCitation id="7D404E0D38E7E08A897DE6A945FED0D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899946" country="Tanzania">
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Topotypes:
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<collectionCode id="62286EB8ED4BDBC5F2DB00F622B627B9" collectionName="GMNH">GMNH</collectionCode>
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4420 (14), Cape Bangwe, near Kigoma,
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<collectingCountry id="BEC4973433E821ECB6F3609147F806DE">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="40F4EC8B84EBA5280C0DA1CCC4FE1630" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-4.9122224">04°54'44" S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="04C72AE04AF54F9C4F88DE40D1F33F81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="29.598612">29°35'55" E</geoCoordinate>
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), 8/7/ 1998.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="677C347F9A892D52E3C774FCC25A3F81" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B33E28641CE56347F2D6F7373C5ECC85" lastPageNumber="36" pageNumber="35">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName id="AA0F36C43FBAF2158D3D06CF94C068BC" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="FA8A5A4A6E75FFCAFA3336336813B339" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassus">N. crassus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C3F7ED16DA09F659ECBAC0D3DBBC714B" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="E8C01F93CA078AD8001FA4156FACFF76" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceous">N. olivaceous</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="2C391CC69A3F55749656203CFB3135A5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">N. pulcher</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="98C62114B2038F1735188648C1DCF38A" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendens">N. splendens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="EB46087801F0C9CDBEEA77C6CD7FCA34" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9635626-82B6-4514-A745-22C5F6887D5F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus helianthus Büscher 1997:701" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helianthus">N. helianthus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="00E0192FD559B8C824E7FD94FA3477DB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BB28A57-F0B7-4522-A82C-C511181015B1" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus marunguensis Büscher 1989:739" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marunguensis">N. marunguensis</taxonomicName>
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by a smaller body depth (24.9-28.9 vs. 29.0-34.4 % SL, Table 1 and Fig. 5) and by a smaller cheek depth (16.7-24.1 % vs. 24.3-29.0 % HL).
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<taxonomicName id="841A0FD504385D2F6E661AA061862ADC" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="5648B1FBD2BD2C903377BF8D11A1C0ED" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
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in the linear relations between cheek depth and head length and between body depth and standard length (significantly different intercepts, P <0.002, Fig. 5) with smaller cheek depth and smaller body depth for specific specimen size.
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<taxonomicName id="72526C2E0B70060FE72B44593D9E7784" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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further differs from
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<taxonomicName id="45C7C07020E10B458EB5CCF553E1C26F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
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in habitat preference (large boulders with sand vs. rubble substrate with fine sediment), by having less pronounced markings on the dorsal and caudal fins (Fig. 2), by a larger premaxillary pedicel (Figs. 2 and 6), and by larger maximum length (72.7 vs. 56.7 mm).
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<taxonomicName id="BD4A8A2B63F0B1D5C2643DC7A78C3DA5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="81515C919BABA2B61566A52E9A02EF45" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
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by having drab grey-brown juveniles (compared with bright yellow-orange fins of the juveniles of
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<taxonomicName id="203580748BC03C2A41663EF071834ECF" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
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; Konings, 1998), and perhaps by having more dorsal soft rays (8-10 vs. 7 for holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="229D56933678CB75B2FF76A049D9C68F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
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). It differs from
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<taxonomicName id="47352357E758D33D54008DF8CC1AA436" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceous">N. olivaceous</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="62C1890A534AF3A3B085CC249A7EADB5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A17A357A5B5B4910D3E05B069D47CF3B" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendens">N. splendens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="26CB88153F0E56B67A60376C9DC29774" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">N. pulcher</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4857357B4B49D1C374E3D934DC5776F5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E15B2D8052CCE2485B3C78708EAFF7E0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9635626-82B6-4514-A745-22C5F6887D5F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus helianthus Büscher 1997:701" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helianthus">N. helianthus</taxonomicName>
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by the absence of markings on the operculum.
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<taxonomicName id="7B5F48A37D43AEDAEA76147472ED62BC" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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differs from all species in the complex except
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<taxonomicName id="493D81F839E847DCABDEA1D8E4FD8578" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="317DC28A62BD478BC1EE047A22F691B3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BB28A57-F0B7-4522-A82C-C511181015B1" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus marunguensis Büscher 1989:739" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marunguensis">N. marunguensis</taxonomicName>
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(with uncertain status for
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<taxonomicName id="6503832DDD58BBADF800BA63AD8F4728" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
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) by the number of upper and lower canines (8 and 6 vs. 6 and 4 respectively for all others, except 6 and 6 for
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<taxonomicName id="3F11C9C5463F2E0671DF5CACF1A8DF54" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9635626-82B6-4514-A745-22C5F6887D5F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus helianthus Büscher 1997:701" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helianthus">N. helianthus</taxonomicName>
|
|
). With 33- 35 scales in the longitudinal series,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6B9F470173E0E07498285B52A7EA6F56" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9106998CDE1791C11E7C99039777B4F6" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">N. gracilis</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F9FDFBB0374B6032408ACBD5A8B283ED" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendens">N. splendens</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FCEFE069C41B9EBE92EBC7FC75164858" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9635626-82B6-4514-A745-22C5F6887D5F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus helianthus Büscher 1997:701" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helianthus">N. helianthus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(36-38 scales). With 6-9 gill rakers,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1D9E44F93EA5B1FF04D71970C1245365" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2621BBDD525D49D9EFA391818D69E72E" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B430764AFD768CCE5120AD6AAB8D36CF" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">N. gracilis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(10-18 gill rakers).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F7CAD10D64E80A0F8DC3FACF0484CFA8" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A02A29EAE7FC873957ABDF34FCC720DD" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendens">N. splendens</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3410026B807AFECC97706765A3A615FE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BB28A57-F0B7-4522-A82C-C511181015B1" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus marunguensis Büscher 1989:739" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marunguensis">N. marunguensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5264B521BC62644E73D003D49AB0F9EE" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the absence of scales on the paired fins and by the absence of ctenoid scales on the dorsal and anal fins; from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="98254260DE3C032FD52A56EAE22C16F7" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="28B2F964F0FE8D5401D07A4DF7A8C915" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="156502F7DC7F2E5B302A6019F396F776" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceous">N. olivaceous</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2180127EC78938982BB1350D93072A28" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">N. pulcher</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the presence of cephalic pits; from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9F71C285547440BB69BAE8AB5A75B103" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceous">N. olivaceous</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="646861B9855ABD372B1940533E9B90C4" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">N. pulcher</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the absence of conspicuous spots on scales and from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0F44355654E47E5087911A42806E2B56" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FCF760C509F93E78024C59BA91ED85B" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">N. pulcher</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9B538C54C1EF75F8752A9450D332E2DE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9635626-82B6-4514-A745-22C5F6887D5F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus helianthus Büscher 1997:701" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helianthus">N. helianthus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3B7E513E329684C39D430C09ADB3A13E" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassus">N. crassus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="64A158B159C335BA5A1F5B02E6739C4E" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendens">N. splendens</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="603C8A19BEC982118813F5D1E85DFAA5" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BB28A57-F0B7-4522-A82C-C511181015B1" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Neolamprologus marunguensis Büscher 1989:739" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marunguensis">N. marunguensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a smaller caudal peduncle depth (11.2-12.8 % vs. 13.4-15.3 % SL).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="98E08C949E566C102586832D1AE5A526" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D468CB8CDF49B010EF367AA10F7ED9B9" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A98418C2241EF630CE471B354A33213C" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">N. gracilis</taxonomicName>
|
|
by having less scales between the upper and lower lateral lines (2 vs. 3) and by having less scales around the caudal peduncle (16 vs. 19).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AD9430D845E419BF35309F0C924ADDA1" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
further differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="17E0A745C5D15B57C877D0F6F7FCE549" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the absence of bars on the body, by a smaller predorsal fin length (29.4-33.3 % vs. 34.6-36.8 % SL) and by having more pectoral fin rays (13 vs. 12).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="D71CFEBD026392ABF04068F4FC47E089" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="5642F3183D1AB5112FB5D4B287CC5E6E" pageNumber="36">Description. Counts and measurements for the type series are given in Table 1. Range of standard length of investigated specimens: males 53.2-72.7 mm (8 specimens), females 34.8-60.6 mm (6 specimens). A relatively elongate species (BD 24.9-28.9 % SL, mean 27.1 % SL). Head profile in front of eye convex. Premaxillary pedicel pronounced (Figs. 2 and 6). Mouth terminal, isognath, gape ends well anterior to eye.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6DC4399FBDC245B45F3950F49DC5D5AC" pageNumber="36">No sexual dimorphism, apart from what may be caused by a combination of allometry and the difference in sizes of males and females. For instance, pectoral fin length is larger in males, due to positive allometry.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3E0A3CD5A0548486267E78F7F81406C4" pageNumber="36">Six-9 canines in the upper jaw (mode 8, 79 %) and 4-6 lower canines (mode 6, 86 % of specimens), with two outer canines on both jaws enlarged (Fig. 6). Dentigerous arm of premaxilla slightly recurved.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F04F98B21A6970DB535CB0C8F9587460" pageNumber="36">Gill rakers 6-9 (Fig. 6), slender, with black spots, decreasing in size towards anterior end of arch, often the first one or two bifid. Changes from posterior to anterior end of arch from flattened to rounded rakers.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9AC55C564543F4C2EA8D0F8CA228E6E1" pageNumber="36">No scales on cheek, in some specimens cycloid scales on preoperculum (not seen on the other species in the complex), few scales posterior of eye, above preoperculum, 10 - 18 cycloid scales on operculum, few cycloid scales in supra-occipital region in most specimens (posterior to eye), fully scaled cycloid on nape, about 5 -10 scales between pelvic and pectoral fin, urogenital area ctenoid scales, flank scales ctenoid. Few scales on dorsal and anal fin. No scales on pectoral and pelvic fins. Caudal fin small ctenoid scales, on 70-90 % of tail along middle rays in adults, range of scales on caudal fin increases with size (juveniles 25-35 mm: 25-30 % of tail scaled). Scales on outer rays range in adults up to past posterior end of middle rays. On juveniles no scales on fins, except tail, with less scales on tail than adults.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C51A5626B968CE0A0F33AEBC76513020" pageNumber="36">In the longitudinal line 33-35 scales, and relatively high number of scales in upper lateral line, 23-30. In upper lateral line 21-28 canal scales (76-100 % of all scales in the upper lateral line, median 25 canal scales, 94% of all scales). In lower lateral line 4-13 canal scales (50-100% of all scales in the lower lateral line, median 9, 77 %). Scales without canal segments in between canal scales were pitted. Most scales anterior to canal scales in lower lateral line were pitted. In few specimens 1 canal scale beyond the caudal flexure. In 6 specimens (43 %) upper lateral line continued for 1-3 scales on the caudal peduncle, 1 scale row further down than row containing upper lateral line on the flank, leaving on the peduncle only 1 scale row between upper and lower lateral lines instead of 2 scale rows (Fig. 10). No relation with size apparent.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4A47EF6888D20A001E3383597F35A465" pageNumber="37">First pelvic fin ray longest. Caudal fin lunate. Anal fin filament on average 4.2 % longer than dorsal fin filament. Dorsal fin margin concave (Fig. 2B).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="94B85C4C64B228DE9A6A260FD838FD92" pageNumber="37">Lower pharyngeal jaw about as wide as long (Fig. 7). Dentigerous area covered with slender, pointed, unicuspid teeth, anteriorly slightly recurved, posterior rows straight and enlarged. On upper pharyngeal jaw teeth bicuspid with major cusp protracted.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="71C7256FFBC93DF1C6AF2F51723F9D82" pageNumber="37">Post-lachrymal infraorbital bone series absent (Fig. 8). Narrow suborbital groove, consisting of almost separate cephalic pits, with superficial neuromasts. Papillae in pits not always visible.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F9884FC8DE54A1710AAB0C63FB486497" pageNumber="37">Hardly any epidermal papillae present on body.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="47F3A8147489090B7F8A725E17169187" pageNumber="37">
|
|
Coloration. Lighter coloured than
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0452F6B2D4AF1C264177D42455E95F50" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
, grey to beige. Black margin on dorsal fin absent or only very thin, shorter and less conspicuous than in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F41220ED85C3D8D162F2804A9656566B" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Yellow-brown vertical stripes, between the rays, on all fins, except the pectoral. On the dorsal and anal fin the stripe pattern is diagonal to the direction of the rays, about 4 stripes cross each ray. On the caudal fin stripes perpendicular to the rays (± 6 stripes). On pelvic fin stripe pattern is more or less perpendicular to rays. In preserved specimens colour of fins not or less discernible, banded patterns visible. The yellow-brown vertical stripes on the fins hardly noticeable when observing the fish in their habitat. The pectoral fin yellow at distal end. Iris light iridescent blue. Blue suborbital stripe, as found in many lamprologines, in location of sensory groove. Posterior margin of scales brownish.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="15DF7CC57BB55E719EFC4BF4BF27862B" pageNumber="37">Juveniles. Brown, smallest examined specimen almost yellow (16.9 mm SL), no bands on body, tail emarginate, no filaments on tail or anal and dorsal fins. Pelvic fins blackish, dorsal and anal fin dark to a lesser degree, no vertical stripes on fins. Margin of dorsal fin black. Little spots on the head. No scales on fins, except tail. On tail fewer scales than adults. Operculum and nape scaled, no scales on cheek and occiput.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="0218DC25DA37F31A2710EFA7FE5B1B55" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="8D96148B4B2258A029F77B10FA2E08EB" pageNumber="37">
|
|
Distribution. We found it only at one site on the Bangwe peninsula. However, Konings (1998) contains a photo of a specimen which may be
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EBC3082AF56BC65EF06784BCA13FB828" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
(pg. 80, ascribed to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CD11758061B31CA9AC86FAC386C4F4B4" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcicula">N. falcicula</taxonomicName>
|
|
), from the east coast near the centre of the lake (Lumbye). Bangwe peninsula has been an island for at least a part of the 19th century, when lake levels were about 10 m higher than at present (Stanley, 1895, Nicholson, 1999).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="36B41256D9632701592BB96DF7D48A0A" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="10BEB7430D6401EF46084CC636C34713" pageNumber="37">
|
|
Habitat and biology. Fig. 9 shows
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A789A0971161F99A2D998226899A5CF3" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
in its habitat. The habitat of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9D7309BDF8A87610F1F3AEB108944E0A" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is strikingly different from that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F5A819A198CA405D58CFC559BFE230" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
. It consists of large boulders, with a diameter in the order of 1 to 2 meter, on a steep slope, with some sand in between the stones, and no bivalve shell accumulations or other rubble present. The habitat of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C309CA4B7CA4FAAC83B1EA63C6A5D518" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is more exposed to currents, compared with that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0DE020F45BECD0D0A1CC4E84591333F5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with lower sedimentation rates, coarser sediment, and higher visibility. Such habitats are generally found at capes along the coast. For instance at the Bangwe peninsula,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="33F975E79867D0339777A36AEBE99F45" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is found at a site on the lake side of the peninsula, while
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B97BD6D119A6E23B5971E1E05D08E5DF" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs on the more sheltered north and south shores of the peninsula.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="31F3F8540D26CDAAF823A1704D4DAE29" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="F05BD6975A35CED0183B5D8B1BA52286" lastPageNumber="39" pageNumber="38">
|
|
The population density of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0F7AD8481F75E578FA1197A50833D5FA" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
is much lower than that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8F96F915C6E3AD816CE7FB4BAC875600" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">N. walteri</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="867CC0957D81D7304AF8E92435EF1E93" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">Neolamprologus brichardi</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9ED90AA91B8E94335B5C0DED0ED7E56F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savoryi">N. savoryi</taxonomicName>
|
|
occur often in close proximity with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="63EDE651CA4D8E5AB6C5EA64E43E717F" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="16880FEFF4683D040C04712B34437389" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
|
|
dives for cover when approached. The presence of sand in the habitat is mandatory.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0863CC054DE5AE3F61721F9DD2C01504" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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creates tiny refuges by removing sand at the foot of large stones. In areas without sand there are generally not enough spaces for refuge nor the opportunity to create them through digging. It spends the night in these crevices. Depth range 10-30 m. Most common at 10-20 m. Large depth overlap with
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<taxonomicName id="BACF276600AB18993020369710FC3226" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
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, but
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<taxonomicName id="3DACE1D44AA0CAAEF5E3F8357573742A" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brichardi">N. brichardi</taxonomicName>
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reaches higher densities in shallower depths.
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<taxonomicName id="8BC4881D1A564D619B2C0F8430AEC0C3" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">Neolamprologus chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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has strong site fidelity, with only a small home range, about 2 m diameter. Observed to ingest sediment and spit out through mouth. An inspected oesophagus was filled with sediment. Young of <10 mm were not observed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E16B82A37754CDCD49BE8727BC2FB3C8" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="4A7E1D5CC2E723E8912FF3F150771812" pageNumber="39">
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Etymology. The species is named after Deonatus Chitamwebwa, the interim director of the Tanzanian Fisheries Research Institute during the period that the collections were made, in gratitude for his excellent hospitality and assistance and because of his elongated shape and small body depth to length ratio that makes him stand out as it does with
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<taxonomicName id="E4B1CE461E940ADDF645B8701F1B948D" family="Cichlidae" genus="Neolamprologus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chitamwebwai">N. chitamwebwai</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |