196 lines
16 KiB
XML
196 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a0f1338-3873-4a8f-affd-5ba3e335ade7" ID-PMC="PMC7494662" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-966-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" ID-PubMed="32982546" ID-ZooBank="B18DEB582C8F4F95B7EF3BECC9F4D4B7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-966-57" checkinTime="1599731061580" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Runyon, Justin B." docDate="2020" docId="72E1CE43ECE1570FA4FA28F123DE3733" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 966: 57-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 966" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192" docTitle="Asyndetus interruptus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" masterDocTitle="The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Montserrat, West Indies" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668169452387" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Montserrat, West Indies</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Runyon, Justin B.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1648 S. 7 th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA & Montana Entomology Collection, Montana State University, Room 50 Marsh Laboratory, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-0511</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jrunyon@montana.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>966</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>57</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>151</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-966-57</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B18DEB582C8F4F95B7EF3BECC9F4D4B7</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167581836" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72E1CE43ECE1570FA4FA28F123DE3733" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72E1CE43ECE1570FA4FA28F123DE3733" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="72E1CE43-ECE1-570F-A4FA-28F123DE3733" authority="(Loew)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Asyndetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asyndetus interruptus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interruptus">Asyndetus interruptus (Loew)</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diaphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorus interruptus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interruptus">Diaphorus interruptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Loew, 1861: 37.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Asyndetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asyndetus interruptus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interruptus">Asyndetus interruptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Loew, 1869: 37.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robinson" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Asyndetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asyndetus bredini" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bredini">Asyndetus bredini</taxonomicName>
|
||
Robinson, 1975: 68.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robinson" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Asyndetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asyndetus wirthi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wirthi">Asyndetus wirthi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Robinson, 1997: 479, syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Belize</emphasis>
|
||
: 2 ♂, 5 ♀, Stann Creek District, beach at Hopkins, 0-2 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="51.16" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.852667">16°51.16'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="16.73" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-88.27883">88°16.73'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 April 2015, JB Runyon; 10 ♂, 3 ♀, same as previous, 18 March 2019.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">British Virgin Islands</emphasis>
|
||
: 1 ♂, Prickly Pear Island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="30.18" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.503">18°30.18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="22.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-64.36667">64°22.00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 November 2016, JB Runyon.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Montserrat</emphasis>
|
||
: 20 ♂, 8 ♀, Woodlands Beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45.75" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.7625">16°45.75'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="13.42" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.223667">62°13.42'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Old Road Bay (beach),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="44.623" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.743717">16°44.623'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="14.035" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-62.233917">62°14.035'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 2 ♂,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fox’s">Fox's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bay Beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="43.59" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.7265">16°43.59'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="14.17" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.236168">62°14.17'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 1 ♀, Rendezvous Bay Beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48.489" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.80815">16°48.489'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="12.296" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-62.204933">62°12.296'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 2 ♀, Rendezvous Bay, 26 July 2005, yellow pan trap, V.G. Martinson.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Nevis</emphasis>
|
||
: 7 ♂, Winward Beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="06.96" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="17.116">17°06.96'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="32.91" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.5485">62°32.91'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 May 2017, J.B. Runyon.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">St. Kitts</emphasis>
|
||
: 3 ♂, Majors Bay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="13.62" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="17.227">17°13.62'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="38.91" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.6485">62°38.91'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 2 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 9 ♂, 4 ♀, North
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Friar’s">Friar's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="16.59" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="17.2765">17°16.59'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="40.33" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.672165">62°40.33'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24 May 2017, J.B. Runyon.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">St. Lucia</emphasis>
|
||
: 5 ♂, 3 ♀, Savannes, Mangrove Reserve, 0-5 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="45.97" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.766167">13°45.97'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="54.88" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-60.914665">60°54.88'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 May 2009, J.B. Runyon; 3 ♂, Micoud District, Fond Bay at beach, 0-5 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="49.89" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.8315">13°49.89'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="53.65" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-60.894165">60°53.65'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 8 May 2009, J.B. Runyon (MTEC, USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Widespread, can be found on beaches in the southeastern United States (Florida), Central America (Belize), Ecuador (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
|
||
Islands), and the West Indies (Antigua, British Virgin Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Jamaica, Montserrat, Nevis, St. Kitts, St. Lucia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Initially, I thought both
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interruptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. wirthi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="wirthi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. wirthi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Robinson, very similar species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Robinson, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="477 - 482" refId="B69" refString="Robinson, H, Deyrup, M, 1997. Two new species of Asyndetus Loew, and notes on the identity of A. interruptus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 99: 477 - 482" title="Two new species of Asyndetus Loew, and notes on the identity of A. interruptus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)." volume="99" year="1997">Robinson and Deyrup 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), were represented in material from Montserrat. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interruptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show a wide range of intraspecific variability as discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" author="Bickel, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="241 - 270" refId="B11" refString="Bickel, DJ, Sinclair, BJ, 1997. The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna. Entomologica scandinavica 28: 241 - 270, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" title="The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" volume="28" year="1997">Bickel and Sinclair (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The large series from Woodlands Beach shows a gradation in characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Robinson, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="477 - 482" refId="B69" refString="Robinson, H, Deyrup, M, 1997. Two new species of Asyndetus Loew, and notes on the identity of A. interruptus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 99: 477 - 482" title="Two new species of Asyndetus Loew, and notes on the identity of A. interruptus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)." volume="99" year="1997">Robinson and Deyrup (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interruptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. wirthi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="wirthi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. wirthi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., relative length to width of face, shape of antenna, presence of coppery median band between rows of dorsocentral setae). Dissection and examination of male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="interruptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-morphotype and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="wirthi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="wirthi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">wirthi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-morphotype specimens from Woodlands Beach reveal no obvious differences and both match the illustration in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" author="Bickel, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="241 - 270" refId="B11" refString="Bickel, DJ, Sinclair, BJ, 1997. The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna. Entomologica scandinavica 28: 241 - 270, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" title="The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" volume="28" year="1997">Bickel and Sinclair (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. wirthi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="wirthi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. wirthi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interruptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Asyndetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asyndetus interruptus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Asyndetus interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults were seen mostly on open sand almost always near crab holes and most specimens were obtained by quickly placing a net over crab holes to catch adults as they promptly flew out. This species was re-described and illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" author="Bickel, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="241 - 270" refId="B11" refString="Bickel, DJ, Sinclair, BJ, 1997. The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna. Entomologica scandinavica 28: 241 - 270, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" title="The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079" volume="28" year="1997">Bickel and Sinclair (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |