600 lines
75 KiB
XML
600 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="668F2B032BA1105FD351C042C7575227" ID-CLB-Dataset="26978" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30b2e4dc-5996-46b6-8be8-7bccdd041563" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2651448" ID-ZooBank="CC6CDA5A-E283-49AD-9F31-CE95C123A379" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1556225796868" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Pillay, Ruwen & Janson, Liesl" docDate="2019" docId="224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4587.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4587 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Theonella timmi Samaai & Pillay & Janson 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="DE75FFE42B77FFF5FF9F8829FFDF6316" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698723615903" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C590B9766231428FA33BDF26B0DDC562" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A84C16464A2F24A662F5D984DC212201">
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<mods:title id="9671F137DAA34F4F4983AEA1ED0F6142">Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CFDF591A8EDBEFEF3704643492CE2C2A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6B14A25A793111A841CA95DAB6FB51B2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="43C285DCDBB5458D5E923ADABE38DA6B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AF6F897C9B708F43CDFCC9B50ED53F6D">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="59F528D49A89AC460DB84F0A983CD43B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0DBE6962F220FB304FD2E32AE090FE99">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C23EA5973552161099D86B8AB83F2F8E">Pillay, Ruwen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1177758388550ABCDE737457D3A3CF7D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3A2B622B84A1A5612C2B4BD7FEB32C75">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="291A037F7564C7E575F182073399397B">Janson, Liesl</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9649998ADA3246375286A2662112F1EF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="469EA362F6DF382275445729D298ACC1">
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<mods:title id="662E545257802C2D2740B9D4D9CCBAB3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2DE39A19494605F49B68905943463956">
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<mods:date id="9C8153B4A684AAEE190F660C46304C05">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DE4038A3B7EE882131821F16693ED4A8" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="DABDF531CA72163E2EA3A360A036A824">2019-04-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="29C18257768BF8EFEA22B757DA0B97F7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A256D95ED37E3B5ECD6CC2E32794C011">4587</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="FABD45A5E64CB827F1904D04CC45984D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5B4BC12919398F0F35AB80DE9B882109">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="89E0DECA6BDDA173DA481D86DF57E08E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="20C97C0F79397FE7A8663D4AF79BD2B0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="35D36E040368017FC7DD9BAF9C225D3E" type="CLB-Dataset">26978</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F4C8171672208DEC93A7C1C83D6A2398" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A1EC1B056CD24190EF6C1B1E59C4A4B5" type="GBIF-Dataset">30b2e4dc-5996-46b6-8be8-7bccdd041563</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="96C056633D7D9E0DFC240C6AE44EAD57" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8CD167B170394FD64BAF5AC55F01F6E8" type="Zenodo-Dep">2651448</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="193F755EC5E953C9C3195BA33011A2FE" type="ZooBank">CC6CDA5A-E283-49AD-9F31-CE95C123A379</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159054154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF088A14FE1C6141" box="[151,451,573,599]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF088A14FE1C6141" blockId="24.[151,451,573,632]" box="[151,451,573,599]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="F11281E62B6FFFEDFF088A14FE1C6141" bold="true" box="[151,451,573,599]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF088A14FE1C6141" bold="true" box="[151,451,573,599]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFF088A14FE816141" ID-CoL="85Z4Z" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,350,573,599]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF088A14FE816141" bold="true" box="[151,350,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6FFFEDFEFA8A14FE1C6141" box="[357,451,573,599]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF088A76FEFD616E" box="[151,290,607,632]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF088A76FEFD616E" blockId="24.[151,451,573,632]" box="[151,290,607,632]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFF008A76FF3E616E" box="[159,225,607,632]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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A–G)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF088A8EFDB661F4" box="[151,617,679,738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF088A8EFECA61D6" blockId="24.[151,617,679,738]" box="[151,277,679,704]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="F11281E62B6FFFEDFF088A8EFECA61D6" bold="true" box="[151,277,679,704]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF088A8EFECA61D6" bold="true" box="[151,277,679,704]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Synonymy</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF088AE5FDB661F4" blockId="24.[151,617,679,738]" box="[151,617,716,738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFF088AE5FF2361F4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,252,716,738]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF088AE5FF2361F4" box="[151,252,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFEBA8AE5FE1261F4" author="Chill" box="[293,461,716,738]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chill" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="16147 - 16152" refId="ref42406" refString="Chill, L., Kashman, Y. & Schleyer, M. (1997) Oriamide, a new cytotoxic cyclic peptide containing a novel amino acid from the marine sponge Theonella sp. Tetrahedron, 53 (47), 16147 - 16152. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0040 - 4020 (97) 10054 - 0" type="journal article" year="1997">
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||
Chill
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||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFEC18AE4FE5461F4" box="[350,395,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 1997
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 16147–1 6152
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF088B27FC2260A1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF088B27FABA605C" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF088B27FEA26031" bold="true" box="[151,381,782,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="1A8D3CD72B6FFFEDFE0F8B27FABA605C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313582367" collectingDate="2003-11-07" collectorName="T. Samaai" country="South Africa" elevation="20" latitude="-27.458" location="Seven Mile" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7141" municipality="Sodwana Bay" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="20" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFE0F8B27FDDB6031" bold="true" box="[400,516,782,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
<typeStatus id="755E88282B6FFFEDFE0F8B27FE206031" box="[400,511,782,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
SAMC–A24737 (cross-reference TS 859 & Saf 03-Sod 94),
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<location id="AF3A60512B6FFFEDFB468B26FA816031" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6:AF3A60512B6FFFEDFB468B26FA816031" box="[1241,1374,782,807]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.458" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7141" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Seven Mile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seven Mile</location>
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||
reef,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B6FFFEDFF088B1BFEED605D" box="[151,306,818,843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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||
(
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||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B6FFFEDFEDF8B1BFE67605D" box="[320,440,818,843]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="5" value="-27.458">27.4580°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B6FFFEDFE5C8B1AFDE2605D" box="[451,573,819,843]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="5" value="32.7141">32.7141°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
),
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||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFDD08B1BFD3D605D" box="[591,738,818,843]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
, 0
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||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6FFFEDFD638B1AFC17605D" box="[764,968,818,843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2003-11-07">
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||
<collectingDate id="CE1FE9A22B6FFFEDFD638B1AFC17605D" box="[764,968,818,843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2003-11-07">7 November 2003</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, collected by
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<collectorName id="0710535C2B6FFFEDFBFD8B1AFB0A605D" box="[1122,1237,818,843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. Samaai</collectorName>
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||
, depth
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||
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B6FFFEDFABA8B1AFABA605C" box="[1317,1381,819,843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFABA8B1AFABE605C" box="[1317,1377,819,843]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="20.0">
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||
<elevation id="21C8D1B92B6FFFEDFABA8B1AFABE605C" box="[1317,1377,819,843]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</specimenCount>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588B7FFB1C6084" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
<materialsCitation id="1A8D3CD72B6FFFEDFF588B7FFB1C6084" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313582368" collectingDate="2003-11-07" collectorName="T. Samaai" country="South Africa" elevation="20" latitude="-27.458" location="Seven Mile" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7141" municipality="Sodwana Bay" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="20" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588B7FFEE46079" bold="true" box="[199,315,854,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
<typeStatus id="755E88282B6FFFEDFF588B7FFEE96079" box="[199,310,854,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
SAMC–A24738 (cross-reference TS 932 & Saf03-Sod 97)
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||
<location id="AF3A60512B6FFFEDFB818B7EFB786079" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6:AF3A60512B6FFFEDFB818B7EFB786079" box="[1054,1191,854,879]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.458" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7141" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Seven Mile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seven Mile</location>
|
||
reef,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B6FFFEDFB668B7FFA436079" box="[1273,1436,854,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B6FFFEDFF008B53FEC96085" box="[159,278,890,915]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="5" value="-27.458">27.4580°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B6FFFEDFEBE8B52FE446085" box="[289,411,891,915]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="5" value="32.7141">32.7141°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFE328B53FD9F6085" box="[429,576,890,915]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 0
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6FFFEDFDC58B52FCF86085" box="[602,807,890,915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2003-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CE1FE9A22B6FFFEDFDC58B52FCF86085" box="[602,807,890,915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2003-11-07">7 November 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="0710535C2B6FFFEDFC5E8B52FBEC6085" box="[961,1075,890,915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. Samaai</collectorName>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B6FFFEDFB1C8B52FB1C6084" box="[1155,1219,891,915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFB1C8B52FB606084" box="[1155,1215,891,915]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="21C8D1B92B6FFFEDFB1C8B52FB606084" box="[1155,1215,891,915]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588BB7FC2260A1" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" box="[199,1021,926,951]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588BB7FEBA60A1" bold="true" box="[199,357,926,951]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<typeStatus id="755E88282B6FFFEDFF588BB7FEDD60A1" box="[199,258,926,951]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="AF3A60512B6FFFEDFEF38BB6FE3360A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B6FFFEFFF088A14FAFE67B6:AF3A60512B6FFFEDFEF38BB6FE3360A1" box="[364,492,926,951]" country="South Africa" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Seven Mile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seven Mile</location>
|
||
reef,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B6FFFEDFDB28BB7FD1760A1" box="[557,712,926,951]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFCFA8BB7FC2660A1" box="[869,1017,926,951]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF588BEBFDCF66C4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588BEBFAA6677D" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588BEBFE8660CD" bold="true" box="[199,345,962,987]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Massive conical to column-shaped sponges, ranging in length
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFBBF8BEBFB7560CC" box="[1056,1194,962,987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="72.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="45.0">45–100 mm</quantity>
|
||
, in width
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFA838BEBFA4760CC" box="[1308,1432,962,987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="25.0">25–70 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and in height
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFEA48BCEFE6560E8" box="[315,442,999,1023]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="40.0">40–80 mm</quantity>
|
||
, columns joined in a common base attached to rocky substrate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFB328BCFFAF160E9" box="[1197,1326,998,1023]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface smooth with slightly raised, irregularly distributed oval-shaped oscules,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFC5E8C23FBC16734" box="[961,1054,1034,1059]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (one per apex); larger specimens have oscules measuring
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFDB08C07FD506750" box="[559,655,1070,1095]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="5.0">5–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, leading to an axial cavity. Texture firm, velvety to the touch, not compressible, difficult to break. Interior soft. Colour in life blue, interior blue; in preservative, beige.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588C5FFBD667EC" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588C5FFEF16799" bold="true" box="[199,302,1142,1167]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFEDB8C5FFE7D6799" box="[324,418,1142,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Choanosomal skeleton composed of smooth tetraclone desmas. Ectosomal skeleton consists of phyllotriaenes with either long, slender or flattened clads. Phyllotriaenes with narrow clads occur in the inhalant areas on the outer sponge surface; while those with massive clads are found in the choanosome. The clads are sparsely tuberculated. Numerous acanthorhabds are found in the ectosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588D2FFE13669D" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588D2FFEF66609" bold="true" box="[199,297,1286,1311]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFEA58D2FFE136609" bold="true" box="[314,460,1286,1311]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Megascleres</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFE418D2FFDB76609" box="[478,616,1286,1311]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Phyllotriaenes various sizes: 312 (211–566) µm ×
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFB528D2EFAE96609" box="[1229,1334,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14 µm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 10; Tetraclone desmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFEE88D03FE116655" box="[375,462,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
), smooth: 316 (
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFDE18D03FCC86655" box="[638,791,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.065" metricValueMax="3.45" metricValueMin="2.68" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="306.5" valueMax="345.0" valueMin="268.0">268–345 mm</quantity>
|
||
) µm, n = 10. Strongyles, slightly curved, modified forms oxeas, distal end rounded or hastate: 410 (316–593) × 5 (5) µm, n = 10.
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFC268D67FB8F6671" bold="true" box="[953,1104,1358,1383]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Microscleres</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B6FFFEDFBC08D67FB6B6671" box="[1119,1204,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[150,1436,185,1749]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Theonella timmi sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Acanthorhabds: 17 (16–19) × 2 (2) µm, n = 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588DBFFDCF66C4" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588DBFFD5366B9" bold="true" box="[199,652,1430,1455]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Substratum, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The sponge was found shallow on rocky ledges up to a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6FFFEDFAFC8DBEFA4366B8" box="[1379,1436,1431,1455]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
in open reefs exposed to currents.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEDFF588DF7FEC76529" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEDFF588DF7FEC76529" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588DF7FE9966E1" bold="true" box="[199,326,1502,1527]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. Named after the late Mr. Peter Timm of Triton diving for his discovery of the Coelacanth off Sodwana Bay, his passion for marine science, for his friendship and logistical and technical support during our collections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B6FFFEFFF588E63FAFE67B6" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6FFFEFFF588E63FB4D6291" blockId="24.[151,1437,782,1997]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1437,151,1293]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFF588E63FEE46575" bold="true" box="[199,315,1610,1635]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFE5D8E63FDED6575" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[450,562,1610,1635]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFE5D8E63FDED6575" box="[450,562,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes 22 valid species (Van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFC6D8E62FB696575" author="Soest" box="[1010,1206,1610,1635]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Soest" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref50982" refString="Soest, R. W. M Van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Manconi, R., Schonberg, C., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M., Diaz, M. C., Cardenas, P., Carballo, J. L., Rios, P. & Downey, R. (2017) World Porifera database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 5 December 2017)" type="url" year="2017">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFBA88E65FBB56575" box="[1079,1130,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is cosmopolitan in distribution, and has been reported from the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Pacific and Atlantic (rare), from both shallow and deep waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFEE18EBDFD5B65BA" author="Pisera & Levi" box="[382,644,1684,1709]" firstAuthor="Pisera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="327 - 337" refId="ref47915" refString="Pisera, A. & Levi, C. (2002) Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 327 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 37" type="book chapter" year="2002">Pisera & Lévi 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Three species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFCFD8EBDFACB65BA" authority="(Carter, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[866,1300,1684,1709]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFCFD8EBDFBBD65BB" box="[866,1122,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella complicata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFBEF8EBDFAD365BA" author="Carter" box="[1136,1292,1684,1708]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref42068" refString="Carter, H. J. (1880) Report on Specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Captain W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6 (31), 35 - 61, pls. IV-VI; 129 - 156, pls. VII, VIII." type="journal article" year="1880">Carter, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFAB38EBDFE1E65C7" authority="(Kieschnick, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFAB38EBDFF3D65C6" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella conica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFF6F8E91FE6665C7" author="Kieschnick" box="[240,441,1720,1745]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref45951" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFE648E91FC8065C7" authority="Gray, 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[507,863,1720,1745]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFE648E91FD0865C7" box="[507,727,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFD7E8E91FC8065C7" author="Gray" box="[737,863,1720,1745]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="565 - 566" refId="ref43990" refString="Gray, J. S. (1868) Note on Theonella, a new genus of coralloid sponges from Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1868 (3), 565 - 566." type="journal article" year="1868">Gray, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are recorded from the WIO region, the latter also observed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFEB88EF5FE6465E3" box="[295,443,1756,1781]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(pers. obser.).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFDF38EF5FCBD65E2" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[620,866,1756,1781]" firstAuthor="Pulitzer-Finali" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="247 - 350" refId="ref48016" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1993) A collection of marine sponges from East Africa. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale G. Doria' 89, RAHIM, M. A. 1979. Porifera. Publications Saudi Biological Society, 3 (46), 247 - 350" type="journal article" year="1993">Pulitzer-Finali (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFC458EF4FB8465E3" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[986,1115,1756,1781]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFC458EF4FB8465E3" box="[986,1115,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFB058EF4FADB65E2" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1178,1284,1757,1780]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFB058EF4FADB65E2" box="[1178,1284,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFAD38EF4FA4765E3" box="[1356,1432,1757,1781]" name="Kenya" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFF438F29FE23640E" author="Vacelet & Vasseur" box="[220,508,1792,1817]" firstAuthor="Vacelet" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref52073" refString="Vacelet, J. & Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, 1 (Supplement), 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet & Vasseur (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFD988F29FD53640F" author="Levi" box="[519,652,1792,1817]" firstAuthor="Levi" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref46808" refString="Levi, C. (1956) Spongiaires des cotes de Madagascar. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar (A), 10, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1956">Lévi (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFD5D8F29FCA2640E" author="Ilan" box="[706,893,1792,1817]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ilan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="388 - 410" refId="ref45702" refString="Ilan, M., Gugel, J. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (2004) Taxonomy, reproduction and ecology of new and known Red Sea sponges. Sarsia, 89, 388 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364820410002659" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Ilan
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFD6B8F28FCF3640F" box="[756,812,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded them from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFBF88F29FB2F640F" box="[1127,1264,1792,1817]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFABB8F29FA43640F" box="[1316,1436,1792,1817]" name="Seychelles" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Red Sea respectively.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFE6F8F0DFD56642A" author="Carter" box="[496,649,1828,1852]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref42068" refString="Carter, H. J. (1880) Report on Specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Captain W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6 (31), 35 - 61, pls. IV-VI; 129 - 156, pls. VII, VIII." type="journal article" year="1880">Carter (1880)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFC988F0CFC7E642B" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[775,929,1828,1853]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFC988F0CFC7E642B" box="[775,929,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. complicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFB8B8F0DFB50642B" box="[1044,1167,1828,1853]" name="Seychelles" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFB038F0DFAB5642A" author="Chill" box="[1180,1386,1828,1853]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chill" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="16147 - 16152" refId="ref42406" refString="Chill, L., Kashman, Y. & Schleyer, M. (1997) Oriamide, a new cytotoxic cyclic peptide containing a novel amino acid from the marine sponge Theonella sp. Tetrahedron, 53 (47), 16147 - 16152. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0040 - 4020 (97) 10054 - 0" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Chill
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFB428F0CFAD0642B" box="[1245,1295,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFF088F61FE136477" author="Schleyer & Celliers" box="[151,460,1864,1889]" firstAuthor="Schleyer" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 384" refId="ref49473" refString="Schleyer, M. H. & Celliers, L (2005) Modelling reef zonation in the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63 (3), 373 - 384. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2004.12.003" type="journal article" year="2005">Schleyer & Celliers (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded an undescribed blue
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFCB18F61FC406477" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[814,927,1864,1889]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFCB18F61FC406477" box="[814,927,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFB8E8F61FB796477" box="[1041,1190,1864,1889]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFB648F61FF3E6493" author="Pulitzer-Finali" firstAuthor="Pulitzer-Finali" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="247 - 350" refId="ref48016" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1993) A collection of marine sponges from East Africa. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale G. Doria' 89, RAHIM, M. A. 1979. Porifera. Publications Saudi Biological Society, 3 (46), 247 - 350" type="journal article" year="1993">Pulitzer-Finali (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described there blue specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B6FFFEDFD168F45FD286493" box="[649,759,1900,1925]" name="Kenya" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFC828F44FC436493" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[797,924,1900,1925]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFC828F44FC436493" box="[797,924,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6FFFEDFC358F45FBB96493" author="Ilan" box="[938,1126,1900,1925]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ilan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="388 - 410" refId="ref45702" refString="Ilan, M., Gugel, J. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (2004) Taxonomy, reproduction and ecology of new and known Red Sea sponges. Sarsia, 89, 388 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364820410002659" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Ilan
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFC438F44FBD26493" box="[988,1037,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
however, recorded the blue specimen from the Red Sea as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFE728FB8FD8B64BE" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[493,596,1937,1960]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFE728FB8FD8B64BE" box="[493,596,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFDFE8FB9FCE464BF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[609,827,1936,1961]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFDFE8FB9FCE464BF" box="[609,827,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6FFFEDFCEE8FB8FC0864BE" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[881,983,1937,1960]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6FFFEDFCEE8FB8FC0864BE" box="[881,983,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the WIO & Red Sea is in need of a taxonomic revision as it may well contain a series of cryptic undetected species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFF588F6FFEA06448" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,383,1862,1887]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFF588F6FFEA06448" box="[199,383,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFE188F6FFE3E6449" bold="true" box="[391,481,1862,1887]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6EFFECFE188F6FFE3E6449" box="[391,481,1862,1887]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was first collected in 1997 from Sodwana Bay but identified only as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFA9B8F6FFAAA6449" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1284,1397,1862,1887]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFA9B8F6FFAAA6449" box="[1284,1397,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. undescribed” in a study that yielded a new cyclic peptide (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6EFFECFCD98F43FBD36495" author="Chill" box="[838,1036,1898,1923]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chill" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="16147 - 16152" refId="ref42406" refString="Chill, L., Kashman, Y. & Schleyer, M. (1997) Oriamide, a new cytotoxic cyclic peptide containing a novel amino acid from the marine sponge Theonella sp. Tetrahedron, 53 (47), 16147 - 16152. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0040 - 4020 (97) 10054 - 0" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Chill
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFC158F45FC626495" box="[906,957,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFBBC8F43FB026495" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1059,1245,1898,1923]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFBBC8F43FB026495" box="[1059,1245,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFB788F43FA9B6495" bold="true" box="[1255,1348,1898,1923]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6EFFECFB788F43FA9B6495" box="[1255,1348,1898,1923]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is here considered well differentiated from the brown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFD3B8FA7FCCB64B1" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[676,788,1934,1959]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFD3B8FA7FCCB64B1" box="[676,788,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFC338FA6FBCE64B0" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[940,1041,1935,1958]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFC338FA6FBCE64B0" box="[940,1041,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFBD58FA6FB1764B1" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1098,1224,1934,1959]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFBD58FA6FB1764B1" box="[1098,1224,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that occurs in the WIO.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFF7E8F9BFE4364DD" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[225,412,1970,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFF7E8F9BFE4364DD" box="[225,412,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFE388F9BFDDA64DD" bold="true" box="[423,517,1970,1995]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6EFFECFE388F9BFDDA64DD" box="[423,517,1970,1995]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFCC18F9DFC3E64DD" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[862,993,1970,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFCC18F9DFC3E64DD" box="[862,993,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is usually purple-brown, by a combination of characters which include the deep-violet colouration (external and internal), soft interior, the size of the small acanthorhabds [(
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6DFFEFFE2188B1FDC263B9" box="[446,541,152,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2014-10-23">14–23 x</date>
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFDBA88B1FD6963A6" box="[549,694,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.4">3.4 – 4.7 µm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFD4488B0FC8663A6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[731,857,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFD4488B0FC8663A6" box="[731,857,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFCF588BEFB8563A6" author="Pisera & Levi" box="[874,1114,151,176]" firstAuthor="Pisera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="327 - 337" refId="ref47915" refString="Pisera, A. & Levi, C. (2002) Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 327 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 37" type="book chapter" year="2002">Pisera & Lévi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
against 16–
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6DFFEFFB7B88BEFAF563A6" box="[1252,1322,151,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1919-10-02">
|
||
19 x
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFA8388B1FAF563A6" box="[1308,1322,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="2.0">2</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
µm for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFA1888B0FF0863C2" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFA1888B0FF0863C2" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF7E8895FEE063C3" bold="true" box="[225,319,188,213]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFF7E8895FEE063C3" box="[225,319,188,213]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)], the virtual absence of ectosomal phyllotriaenes with short rhabds, the presence of ectosomal phyllotriaenes with either long, slender or flattened rhabds, the size of the phyllotriaenes [(
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFB5B88F6FA8463EE" box="[1220,1371,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="510.0" valueMax="560.0" valueMin="460.0">460–560 µm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFA1888C8FF24620B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFA1888C8FF24620B" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFE91892DFDD6620A" author="Pisera & Levi" box="[270,521,260,285]" firstAuthor="Pisera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="327 - 337" refId="ref47915" refString="Pisera, A. & Levi, C. (2002) Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 327 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 37" type="book chapter" year="2002">Pisera & Lévi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
against
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFDF0892DFCDE620B" box="[623,769,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.885" metricValueMax="5.66" metricValueMin="2.11" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="388.5" valueMax="566.0" valueMin="211.0">211–566 µm</quantity>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFCA7892DFC2B620A" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[824,1012,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFCA7892DFC2B620A" box="[824,1012,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFC60892DFB84620A" box="[1023,1115,260,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFC60892DFB89620B" bold="true" box="[1023,1110,260,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
)], the presence of strongly tuberculated and branched tetraclone desmas and the smaller size of strongyles, sometimes oxea can be seen (
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFAFC8901FF336273" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="800.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="700.0">700– 900 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFEAD8965FE4A6273" box="[306,405,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFE698964FDAF6273" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[502,624,332,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFE698964FDAF6273" box="[502,624,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFDE08965FCB46272" author="Pisera & Levi" box="[639,875,332,357]" firstAuthor="Pisera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="327 - 337" refId="ref47915" refString="Pisera, A. & Levi, C. (2002) Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 327 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 37" type="book chapter" year="2002">Pisera & Lévi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
against
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFC588965FB8A6273" box="[967,1109,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.545" metricValueMax="5.93" metricValueMin="3.16" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="454.5" valueMax="593.0" valueMin="316.0">316–593 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFB048965FB0A6273" box="[1179,1237,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFADE8964FA436272" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1345,1436,333,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFADE8964FA436272" box="[1345,1436,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF088946FEDE629E" bold="true" box="[151,257,367,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFF088946FF2C629E" box="[151,243,367,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
),
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the tips of the desmas are pointed compared with the rounded tips in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFB938958FB55629E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1036,1162,367,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFB938958FB55629E" box="[1036,1162,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FE9A66022B6EFFECFF088EC3FEB16409" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651466/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1770,1792]" targetBox="[150,1436,185,1749]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6EFFECFF088EC3FEB16409" blockId="25.[151,1436,1770,1823]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFF088EC3FECD65E9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1770,1792]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFE868EC3FE616416" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[281,446,1770,1792]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFE868EC3FE616416" box="[281,446,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFE5B8EC2FDCA6416" bold="true" box="[452,533,1771,1792]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6EFFECFE5B8EC2FDCA6416" box="[452,533,1771,1792]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A & B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6EFFECFDF38EC2FD746416" box="[620,683,1771,1792]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6EFFECFDF38EC2FD746416" box="[620,683,1771,1792]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; C, D. Phyllotriaenes; E. Tetraclone desmas; F. Acanthorhabd; G. Skeletal architecture (G, x10).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6DFFEFFF5889BDFBE66002" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFF5889BDFE7762BB" author="Kieschnick's" box="[199,424,404,429]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick's" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref45951" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick’s (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDD089BCFD6A62BA" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[591,693,405,428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDD089BCFD6A62BA" box="[591,693,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is as follows: Sponge cone-shaped with a smooth surface. Oscules present and colour is brown. The sponge has a coherent skeleton made up of tetraclone desmas with smooth shafts and phyllotrianes present in the ectosome. Strongyles have expanded ends (‘tylote’). Microacanthorhabds are extremely numerous.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFE0B89D6FDB7610E" author="Kieschnick" box="[404,616,511,536]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref45951" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provide no other details of spicule dimensions of the species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFACA89D6FF3E612A" author="Thiele" firstAuthor="Thiele" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref51454" refString="Thiele, J. (1900) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 25, 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also makes reference to tylote like megascleres and the presence of small acanthomicrorhabds.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFAB38A0DFF086176" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFAB38A0DFF086176" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF408A6EFEE56176" bold="true" box="[223,314,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFF408A6EFEE56176" box="[223,314,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFE4C8A60FDE56176" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[467,570,585,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFE4C8A60FDE56176" box="[467,570,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following characteristics: the styles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFBD68A60FB6E6176" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1097,1201,585,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFBD68A60FB6E6176" box="[1097,1201,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are tylote and never oxeas or strongyles; acanthorhabds in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDD58A44FD6D6192" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[586,690,621,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDD58A44FD6D6192" box="[586,690,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are curved compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFC518A44FBF46192" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[974,1067,621,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFC518A44FBF46192" box="[974,1067,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFBAC8A45FB516193" bold="true" box="[1075,1166,620,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFBAC8A45FB516193" box="[1075,1166,620,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
where it is straight; the colour of the interior and exterior of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDAF8AB8FD5461BE" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[560,651,657,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDAF8AB8FD5461BE" box="[560,651,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFD0E8AA6FD3461BE" bold="true" box="[657,747,655,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFD0E8AA6FD3461BE" box="[657,747,655,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is very typical deep-blue, compared with the brown colour of
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF088A9CFED461DA" box="[151,267,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFF088A9CFED861DA" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,263,693,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">T. conica</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It is here considered that all specimens being cylindrical shaped (with one large oscule), brown colouration (light brown interior), the presence of tylote megascleres and small curved acanthomicrorhabds is typical of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFE168AD4FE2F6002" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[393,496,765,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFE168AD4FE2F6002" box="[393,496,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFD0C8AD5FCBD6003" author="Kieschnick" box="[659,866,764,789]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref45951" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFC068AD5FBEA6002" author="Thiele" box="[921,1077,764,789]" firstAuthor="Thiele" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref51454" refString="Thiele, J. (1900) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 25, 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6DFFEFFF588B09FDA860DE" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFF588B09FE81602E" author="Carter" box="[199,350,800,824]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref42068" refString="Carter, H. J. (1880) Report on Specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Captain W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6 (31), 35 - 61, pls. IV-VI; 129 - 156, pls. VII, VIII." type="journal article" year="1880">Carter (1880)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
originally described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDD48B08FD3C602E" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[587,739,799,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDD48B08FD3C602E" box="[587,739,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. complicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an excavating, encrusting sponge, with cladocalthrops,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFAED8B09FF62604B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2399999999999998" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="324.0">324 µm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, having tetractines,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFD988B6DFD8F604B" box="[519,592,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
|
||
and triod actines,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFC818B6DFC4E604B" box="[798,913,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. In contract,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFBC18B6CFB65604A" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1118,1210,837,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFBC18B6CFB65604A" box="[1118,1210,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFB5F8B6DFAC5604B" bold="true" box="[1216,1306,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFB5F8B6DFAC5604B" box="[1216,1306,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is massive, conical to columnar-shaped, with a common base, dark to violet-blue colour, both exteriorly and interiorly, with tetraclone desmas, 316 (
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFE388BA5FD9F60B2" box="[423,576,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.065" metricValueMax="3.45" metricValueMin="2.68" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="306.5" valueMax="345.0" valueMin="268.0">268–345 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and the presence of ectosomal phyllotrianes, 312 (211–566) µm
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6DFFEFFABC8BA4FAAE60B2" box="[1315,1393,908,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2014-10-08">
|
||
x
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B6DFFEFFAA78BA5FAAE60B2" box="[1336,1393,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
µm and acanthorhabds, 17 (16–19)
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B6DFFEFFE668B99FDC360DE" box="[505,540,944,968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">x 2</date>
|
||
(2) µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B6DFFEFFF588BFDFAFE67B6" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFF588BFDFE7B60FB" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[199,420,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF588BFDFE7B60FB" box="[199,420,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Theonella swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFDF28BFDFD2560FB" author="Gray" box="[621,762,980,1005]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="565 - 566" refId="ref43990" refString="Gray, J. S. (1868) Note on Theonella, a new genus of coralloid sponges from Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1868 (3), 565 - 566." type="journal article" year="1868">Gray (1868)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B6DFFEFFCA88BFDFB9D60FA" author="Pisera and Levi" box="[823,1090,980,1005]" firstAuthor="Pisera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="327 - 337" refId="ref47915" refString="Pisera, A. & Levi, C. (2002) Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 327 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 37" type="book chapter" year="2002">Pisera and Lévi (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFB408BFCFA9660FA" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1247,1353,981,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFB408BFCFA9660FA" box="[1247,1353,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following characteristics: the styles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDC48BD0FD196706" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[603,710,1017,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDC48BD0FD196706" box="[603,710,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are tylote and never oxeas or strongyles; acanthorhabds in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFA188BD0FF3D6722" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFA188BD0FF3D6722" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are curved and larger compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFDE58C34FD266723" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[634,761,1052,1077]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFDE58C34FD266723" box="[634,761,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where it is straight and small. It is here considered that all specimens being cylindrical shaped (with one large oscule), brown colouration (light brown interior), the presence of tylote megascleres and large curved acanthomicrorhabds is typical of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFBFE8C4CFB15676A" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1121,1226,1125,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFBFE8C4CFB15676A" box="[1121,1226,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as defined above.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFF088CAEFE9167B6" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,334,1159,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFF088CAEFE9167B6" box="[151,334,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Theonella timmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFECB8CAEFE7167B6" bold="true" box="[340,430,1159,1184]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B6DFFEFFECB8CAEFE7167B6" box="[340,430,1159,1184]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is much less common in Sodwana Bay compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFC618CA0FBA167B6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1022,1150,1159,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFC618CA0FBA167B6" box="[1022,1150,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B6DFFEFFB2B8CA0FAFE67B6" box="[1204,1313,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B6DFFEFFB2B8CA0FAC267B6" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1204,1309,1161,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">T. conica</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |