275 lines
30 KiB
XML
275 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="A8218696D1ABD947176B8030F1632D5F" ID-CLB-Dataset="26978" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30b2e4dc-5996-46b6-8be8-7bccdd041563" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2651448" ID-ZooBank="CC6CDA5A-E283-49AD-9F31-CE95C123A379" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1556225796868" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Pillay, Ruwen & Janson, Liesl" docDate="2019" docId="224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4587.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4587 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ircinia lividus Samaai & Pillay & Janson 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="DE75FFE42B77FFF5FF9F8829FFDF6316" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1698723615903" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="E59C6E7C13E2E45BE40E1EAAA7B49522" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AB7D40D8D5805302C03DB43510DF63FF">
|
||
<mods:title id="D85AE1071F744CD6E9165648029CA643">Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="AAB13FB1DDFD316E8911413D943640C7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E877004AE0329C3A1EB8AF353E9862D0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="16478082EC6F2DB7C83B10C38FE380B1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="507FD4D61B37C6EC82E80A94019C214F">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7C09CF939F2BD06284E0019989D638D1" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CFB7B1F57E255A0D967FED7570EB0307">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2A51B94984AA5DD6B8519F39CE9D5071">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="44CE542AEA2832B07195A89AD2C800DA">Pillay, Ruwen</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="93556E3EB1BF4A7ADA9B9642A6E3F6F2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="92FEEB1ED095A90FD5873DE047062868">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="55681B3987DA1F48EF4677102A428E67">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="56A6AFE92E1838CB11B4B44EF360A272">Janson, Liesl</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="0D22760CD862F7F0874E977FAC6DC405">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="2E54E8C7F17BEF24CFEBCBC940A95B84" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5691805DD22103766D4D24CB01A8CF47">
|
||
<mods:title id="9D437B2CDAF928471D94416605D467DF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A248C14665CDB056F0D9B69F179510DE">
|
||
<mods:date id="CC506D39212D648B46821568BDCB7BAF">2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C37276E70E936D350614F43A9F5E8A64" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="AE60F7A068923EC3568783DB251D1077">2019-04-23</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5BD480CE2BCA2706AE771CC1C624E7D5" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="4D3E08E0DA96CC8E56ABA0D8DC7E10D1">4587</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8ABD044F58AEEDC05FC883B638CD13C4" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="43E75AEB6940F1A49B2AC96BED1A236A">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="83F50BBB6F2E68935E4A528DF0238F5F" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="AB4F7C308C706F37B7165A1C4BC2EE3D">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="F396A17622D702A13F2220698248072F">85</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="FE996D0A05AAB846EAB45C1DB7E5EB1C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="53E127FE60CDF93C07E830FDF679DD9F" type="CLB-Dataset">26978</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BBC0B28B777ED402218E1A1E9363A679" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9A01EFC7E1D4B4A9A0746B8F582EA445" type="GBIF-Dataset">30b2e4dc-5996-46b6-8be8-7bccdd041563</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C5B8FFB7DD7ED72FD538CDC090318171" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DEC54C069B7A14618BDE5B1E8683BCF3" type="Zenodo-Dep">2651448</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CD03D61B31C8BD8D69C5D6B250D1501C" type="ZooBank">CC6CDA5A-E283-49AD-9F31-CE95C123A379</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156843807" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF0889D3FE796102" box="[151,422,506,532]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF0889D3FE796102" blockId="63.[151,422,506,566]" box="[151,422,506,532]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<heading id="F11281E62B48FFCAFF0889D3FE796102" bold="true" box="[151,422,506,532]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF0889D3FE796102" bold="true" box="[151,422,506,532]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFF0889D3FE9E6102" ID-CoL="85T2H" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,321,506,532]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lividus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF0889D3FE9E6102" bold="true" box="[151,321,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B48FFCAFED789D3FE796102" box="[328,422,506,532]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF088A34FEF46120" box="[151,299,541,566]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF088A34FEF46120" blockId="63.[151,422,506,566]" box="[151,299,541,566]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B48FFCAFF008A34FF306120" box="[159,239,541,566]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 28. Ircinia lividus sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C–F. Skeletal architecture (C, x5; D, x10, E, 40; F, x65)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651506/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
A–F)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF088A4CFC3F6018" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF088A4CFABC61B7" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF088A4CFDD66168" bold="true" box="[151,521,613,638]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1A8D3CD72B48FFCAFE0A8A4CFDD66168" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2236964355" box="[405,521,613,638]" collectingDate="2003-11-03" collectorName="T. Samaai" country="South Africa" elevation="18" latitude="-27.4466" location="Ramsay Reef" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7152" municipality="Sodwana Bay" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="SAMC-A24782" specimenCount="18" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="755E88282B48FFCAFE0A8A4CFDDB6168" box="[405,516,613,638]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="FA439EF12B48FFCAFD888A4FFD106168" box="[535,719,614,638]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SAMC–A24782</specimenCode>
|
||
(cross-reference TS 895 & Saf 03-Sod 15),
|
||
<location id="AF3A60512B48FFCAFB678A4FFA476168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC:AF3A60512B48FFCAFB678A4FFA476168" box="[1272,1432,613,638]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.4466" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.7152" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Ramsay Reef" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ramsay Reef</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B48FFCAFF088AA0FEED61B4" box="[151,306,649,674]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B48FFCAFEDE8AA0FE6461B4" box="[321,443,649,674]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="5" value="-27.4466">27.4466°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B48FFCAFE598AA0FD9E61B4" box="[454,577,649,674]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="5" value="32.7152">32.7152°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B48FFCAFDCB8AA0FD3A61B4" box="[596,741,649,674]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
0
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B48FFCAFD658AA3FC1961B4" box="[762,966,649,674]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2003-11-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CE1FE9A22B48FFCAFD658AA3FC1961B4" box="[762,966,649,674]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2003-11-03">3 November 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="0710535C2B48FFCAFBFE8AA3FB0C61B4" box="[1121,1235,649,674]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">T. Samaai</collectorName>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B48FFCAFABC8AA3FABC61B7" box="[1315,1379,650,674]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFABC8AA3FA8061B7" box="[1315,1375,650,674]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="18.0">
|
||
<elevation id="21C8D1B92B48FFCAFABC8AA3FA8061B7" box="[1315,1375,650,674]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588A84FB1D61FF" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1A8D3CD72B48FFCAFF588A84FB1D61FF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2236964318" collectingDate="2003-11-03" collectionCode="SAMC-A" collectorName="T. Samaai" country="South Africa" elevation="20" latitude="-27.5331" location="Five Mile" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.6808" municipality="Sodwana Bay" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="SAMC-A24783" specimenCount="20" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588A84FEE461D0" bold="true" box="[199,315,685,710]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<typeStatus id="755E88282B48FFCAFF588A84FEE961D0" box="[199,310,685,710]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="FA439EF12B48FFCAFED58A87FDDE61D0" box="[330,513,686,710]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SAMC–A24783</specimenCode>
|
||
(cross-reference TS 945 & Saf 03-Sod 36),
|
||
<location id="AF3A60512B48FFCAFBAD8A84FB7761D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B48FFCAFF0889D3FBC565CC:AF3A60512B48FFCAFBAD8A84FB7761D0" box="[1074,1192,685,710]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.5331" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.6808" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Five Mile" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Five Mile</location>
|
||
reef,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B48FFCAFB668A84FA4361D0" box="[1273,1436,685,710]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B48FFCAFF008AF8FEC761FC" box="[159,280,721,746]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="5" value="-27.5331">27.5331°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD1504D2B48FFCAFEBB8AF8FE4061FC" box="[292,415,721,746]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="5" value="32.6808">32.6808°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B48FFCAFE2C8AF8FD9D61FC" box="[435,578,721,746]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
0
|
||
<date id="DE5B104A2B48FFCAFDC78AFBFCFB61FC" box="[600,804,721,746]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2003-11-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CE1FE9A22B48FFCAFDC78AFBFCFB61FC" box="[600,804,721,746]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2003-11-03">3 November 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="0710535C2B48FFCAFC208AFBFBED61FC" box="[959,1074,721,746]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">T. Samaai</collectorName>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B48FFCAFB1D8AFBFB1D61FF" box="[1154,1218,722,746]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFB1D8AFBFB6161FF" box="[1154,1214,722,746]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="21C8D1B92B48FFCAFB1D8AFBFB6161FF" box="[1154,1214,722,746]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588ADCFC3F6018" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,992,757,782]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588ADCFEBA6018" bold="true" box="[199,357,757,782]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
Ramsay Reef, Sodwana Bay, east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B48FFCAFCD78ADCFC036018" box="[840,988,757,782]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF588B30FC99678F" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588B30FDA26088" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588B30FE866024" bold="true" box="[199,345,793,818]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Amorphous tubular-digitate sponge, 100 × 70 ×
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFC1F8B33FC016027" box="[896,990,794,818]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="270.0">270 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, with large central osculum,
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFA118B30FF1C6043" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, on tubular structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B48FFCAFDA28B14FD1C6040" box="[573,707,829,854]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 28. Ircinia lividus sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C–F. Skeletal architecture (C, x5; D, x10, E, 40; F, x65)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651506/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface smooth but undulating with sand grains observed in the preserved specimen. No ectosomal armour visible. Texture soft and spongy, compressible, tears easily. Colour in life dark blue-black; in preservative brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588B80FDC86744" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588B80FEF160D4" bold="true" box="[199,302,937,962]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B48FFCAFEDD8B80FE4860D4" box="[322,407,937,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[163,1412,185,1651]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 28. Ircinia lividus sp. nov. A & B. In situ; C–F. Skeletal architecture (C, x5; D, x10, E, 40; F, x65)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651506/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
C–F). Choanosomal skeleton consists of primary fibres, and abundant fine collagenous filaments. Primary fibres fully cored with foreign material
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFCAC8BE7FC8D60F3" box="[819,850,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">viz</emphasis>
|
||
. sand grains, and are fascicular. Fascicles complex, compact and tangled. Secondary fibres uncored and often fasciculate though some sand particles may also be found. Primary fibres, 260 (240–295) µm in diameter, secondary fibres 58 (36–87) µm in diameter. Interstitial filaments, 4 (3–5) µm in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588C74FC99678F" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588C74FD446760" bold="true" box="[199,667,1117,1142]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Substratum, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is restricted to sandy sediment. These sponges were found in sheltered areas of reefs at a depth range of
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFD438CABFC9D678F" box="[732,834,1154,1178]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">
|
||
18–
|
||
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B48FFCAFC9A8CABFC9D678F" box="[773,834,1154,1178]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF588C8CFADB67A8" box="[199,1284,1189,1214]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588C8CFADB67A8" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,1284,1189,1214]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588C8CFE9167A8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1189,1214]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the blue-black colour of the species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFCEE8C8CFC6367A8" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[881,956,1189,1214]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFCEE8C8CFC6367A8" box="[881,956,1189,1214]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
meaning black and blue, L.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF588CE0FDF4655C" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588CE0FDF4655C" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588CE0FEE467F4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1225,1250]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFE218CE3FDD667F7" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[446,521,1226,1249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFE218CE3FDD667F7" box="[446,521,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is large; the plastic nature of the species, in terms of overall morphology, creates difficulties in separating species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFD948CC4FCC66610" author="Cook & Bergquist" box="[523,793,1261,1286]" firstAuthor="Cook" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1094 - 1096" refId="ref41384" refString="Bergquist, P. R. & Cook, S. D. C. (2002) Family Aplysinellidae Bergquist, 1980. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 1094 - 1096. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 112" type="book chapter" year="2002">Cook & Bergquist 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and as a result, few descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFB308CC7FB256613" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[1199,1274,1262,1285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFB308CC7FB256613" box="[1199,1274,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are definitive.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFF088D3BFF3D663F" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,226,1298,1321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF088D3BFF3D663F" box="[151,226,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are readily distinguished by the presence of fine filaments in the mesohyl, the fasciculation of primary fibres, foreign coring of primary, and an unarmored cortex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFC028D1CFB6D6658" author="Cook & Bergquist" box="[925,1202,1333,1358]" firstAuthor="Cook" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="545 - 563" refId="ref42535" refString="Cook, S. de C. & Bergquist, P. R. (1999) New species of dictyoceratid sponges from New Zealand: Genus Ircinia (Porifera: Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 33, 545 - 563. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.1999.9516899" type="journal article" year="1999">Cook & Bergquist 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFB598D1FFA566658" baseAuthorityName="Row" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1222,1417,1333,1358]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFB598D1FFA566658" box="[1222,1417,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’s original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFE028D73FD7E6664" author="Lendenfeld, R. von" box="[413,673,1369,1394]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="113 - 127" refId="ref46638" refString="Lendenfeld, R. von (1889) Das System der Spongien. Biologisches Zentralblatt, 9 (4), 113 - 127." type="journal article" year="1889">von Lendenfeld (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the subsequent description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFBB18D70FA886664" author="Samaai & Gibbons" box="[1070,1367,1369,1394]" firstAuthor="Samaai" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref48897" refString="Samaai, T. & Gibbons, M. J. (2005) Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. African Natural History, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2005">Samaai & Gibbons (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFF4A8D57FEE66680" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[213,313,1405,1430]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lividus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF4A8D57FEE66680" box="[213,313,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">I. lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B48FFCAFEDF8D54FE446683" box="[320,411,1405,1430]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFEDF8D54FE4B6680" bold="true" box="[320,404,1405,1430]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in having a massive, amorphous or thickly encrusting morphology, primary fibres
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFAD78D54FF6266AC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, filaments
|
||
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B48FFCAFEE78D8BFE1066AC" box="[376,463,1442,1466]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and a tough ectosome of foreign spicules. Three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFB2A8D8BFADF66AF" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[1205,1280,1442,1465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFB2A8D8BFADF66AF" box="[1205,1280,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are described from the WIO. These are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFE4C8DEFFCD366C8" authority="(Ridley, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[467,780,1477,1502]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFE4C8DEFFD8A66C8" box="[467,597,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">I. conulosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFDF58DECFCDB66C8" author="Ridley" box="[618,772,1477,1502]" firstAuthor="Ridley" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="366 - 482" refId="ref48144" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. Alert 1881 - 2. British Museum (Natural History), London. Istituti Biologici della Universita di Genova, 58 - 59, 69 - 75, pp. 366 - 482 + 582 - 635." type="journal article" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFC828DEFFA9566C8" authority="(Vacelet, Vasseur & Levi, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Vacelet, Vasseur & Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[797,1354,1477,1502]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cylindracea">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFC828DEFFC6066C8" box="[797,959,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">I. cylindracea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFC4C8DECFA9E66C8" author="Vacelet, Vasseur & Levi" box="[979,1345,1477,1502]" firstAuthor="Vacelet" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref52106" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. & Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, A, Zoologie, 49, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1976">Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFA138DEFFE786514" authority="(Hyatt, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Hyatt" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intertexta">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFA138DEFFEDC6517" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">I. intertexta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B48FFCAFE8C8DC3FE406514" author="Hyatt" box="[275,415,1514,1538]" firstAuthor="Hyatt" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="481 - 554" refId="ref45134" refString="Hyatt, A. (1877) Revision of the North American Poriferae, with Remarks upon Foreign Species. Part II. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, 2, 481 - 554, pls. XV-XVII." type="journal article" year="1877">Hyatt, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFE2A8DC3FD8A6514" authority="Samaai & Pillay & Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai & Pillay & Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[437,597,1513,1538]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lividus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFE2A8DC3FD8A6514" box="[437,597,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFDC18DC0FD656514" bold="true" box="[606,698,1513,1538]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83A257E32B48FFCAFDC18DC0FD656514" box="[606,698,1513,1538]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is readily distinguished from these
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B48FFCAFBC78DC3FB7C6517" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[1112,1187,1514,1537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFBC78DC3FB7C6517" box="[1112,1187,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ircinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its visibly short tubular form, large diameter of fibres, fasciculation of both primary and secondary fibres, and the prodigious coring of sand in the primary fibres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF588E7CFCA66584" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588E7CFDDC6578" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,515,1621,1646]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="9891EA982B48FFCAFF588E7CFDDC6578" bold="true" box="[199,515,1621,1646]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Key diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588E53FCA66584" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,889,1657,1682]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">• Sponge tubular-digitate with dark blue-black colouration.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B48FFCAFF588EB7FBC565CC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588EB7FD7365A0" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,684,1693,1718]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">• Texture soft, spongy and compressible.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B48FFCAFF588EEBFBC565CC" blockId="63.[151,1437,613,1754]" box="[199,1050,1729,1754]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">• Primary fibres thin, filaments very thin and cored with foreign material.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |