treatments-xml/data/22/4C/87/224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3.xml
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<document id="16B83EBDC338C2FAB094181190F0C826" ID-CLB-Dataset="26978" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30b2e4dc-5996-46b6-8be8-7bccdd041563" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2651448" ID-ZooBank="CC6CDA5A-E283-49AD-9F31-CE95C123A379" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1556225796868" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Pillay, Ruwen &amp; Janson, Liesl" docDate="2019" docId="224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4587.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4587 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aplysilla lacunosa Keller 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="DE75FFE42B77FFF5FF9F8829FFDF6316" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1698723615903" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3C2E016F2145AE04336B541E2368D51E">Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3C6F39FFB91EE4A5D0221E0BF0689C39">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D14D2195B6C3ECA055015BB815768D8">Pillay, Ruwen</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156843802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3EFFBCFF088D3DFDE86638" box="[151,567,1300,1326]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF088D3DFDE86638" blockId="73.[151,567,1300,1359]" box="[151,567,1300,1326]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<heading id="F11281E62B3EFFBCFF088D3DFDE86638" bold="true" box="[151,567,1300,1326]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFF088D3DFDE86638" ID-CoL="FQ6V" authority="Keller, 1889" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,567,1300,1326]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF088D3DFDE86638" bold="true" box="[151,567,1300,1326]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF088D3DFEDE6638" bold="true" box="[151,257,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Aplysilla</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFEB28D3DFE456638" bold="true" box="[301,410,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">lacunosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B3EFFBCFE3D8D3DFDE86638" author="Keller" box="[418,567,1300,1326]" firstAuthor="Keller" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="311 - 405" refId="ref45891" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405, pls. XX-XXV." type="journal article" year="1889">Keller, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3EFFBCFF088D1FFEF26659" box="[151,301,1334,1359]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF088D1FFEF26659" blockId="73.[151,567,1300,1359]" box="[151,301,1334,1359]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
(
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B3EFFBCFF008D1FFF316659" box="[159,238,1334,1359]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="74.[151,250,1566,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 34. Aplysilla cf. lacunosa Keller, 1889. A. In situ; B &amp; C. Skeletal architecture (B, x5; C, x10)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651518/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
AC)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3EFFBCFF088D57FB1666AC" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF088D57FB1666AC" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF088D57FE596681" bold="true" box="[151,390,1406,1431]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="1A8D3CD72B3EFFBCFE0D8D56FB1666AC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2236964311" collectingDate="2007-11-03" collectionCode="SAMC-A" collectorName="T. Samaai" country="South Africa" elevation="20" latitude="-27.488" location="Ribbon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.6977" municipality="Sodwana Bay" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" specimenCode="SAMC-A24797" specimenCount="20">
<specimenCode id="FA439EF12B3EFFBCFE0D8D56FD966681" box="[402,585,1407,1431]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">SAMCA24797</specimenCode>
(cross-reference TS 927 &amp; Saf 03-sod111),
<location id="AF3A60512B3EFFBCFBC18D57FB6E6681" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:224C879C2B3EFFBFFF088D3DFDC862E3:AF3A60512B3EFFBCFBC18D57FB6E6681" box="[1118,1201,1406,1431]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.488" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="32.6977" municipality="Sodwana Bay" name="Ribbon" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ribbon</location>
reef,
<collectingMunicipality id="4A3EACF02B3EFFBCFB638D57FA436681" box="[1276,1436,1406,1431]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Sodwana Bay</collectingMunicipality>
(
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,
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),
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B3EFFBCFE2C8D8BFD9A66AD" box="[435,581,1442,1467]" name="South Africa" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 0
<date id="DE5B104A2B3EFFBCFDC08D8AFCF466AD" box="[607,811,1442,1467]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2007-11-03">
<collectingDate id="CE1FE9A22B3EFFBCFDC08D8AFCF466AD" box="[607,811,1442,1467]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2007-11-03">3 November 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="0710535C2B3EFFBCFC598D8AFBE766AD" box="[966,1080,1442,1467]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">T. Samaai</collectorName>
, depth
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<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3EFFBCFB168D8AFB1B66AC" box="[1161,1220,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="21C8D1B92B3EFFBCFB168D8AFB1B66AC" box="[1161,1220,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF588DEFFCEA655D" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF588DEFFE8666C9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1478,1503]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description.</emphasis>
Thinly encrusting sponge, 10 × 80 ×
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3EFFBCFC9A8DEFFC8A66C8" box="[773,853,1478,1503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
diameter (
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B3EFFBCFC508DEFFBE666C9" box="[975,1081,1478,1503]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="74.[151,250,1566,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 34. Aplysilla cf. lacunosa Keller, 1889. A. In situ; B &amp; C. Skeletal architecture (B, x5; C, x10)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651518/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 34A</figureCitation>
). Surface smooth but conulose, with fibres protruding through the surface giving the sponge a prickly appearance. Oscules evenly distributed over the surface of the sponge,
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3EFFBCFE268E26FE256530" box="[441,506,1551,1575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Texture soft, compressible not easily torn. Colour in life bright-yellow, turns purple out of water; in preservative dark purple-black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF588E7FFED165A1" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF588E7FFEF16579" bold="true" box="[199,302,1622,1647]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Skeleton</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32DE2A0F2B3EFFBCFEDE8E7FFE116579" box="[321,462,1622,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="74.[151,250,1566,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1435,555,1544]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 34. Aplysilla cf. lacunosa Keller, 1889. A. In situ; B &amp; C. Skeletal architecture (B, x5; C, x10)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2651518/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 34B, C</figureCitation>
). Choanosomal skeleton dendritic, made up of fibres
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3EFFBCFBD78E7EFB7D6579" box="[1096,1186,1623,1647]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
wide, with a distinct medulla and only slightly narrower apically. Fibres may branch, but are usually simple and do not coalesce to form a network.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF588EEBFAC865CC" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" box="[199,1303,1730,1755]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF588EEBFD5365CD" bold="true" box="[199,652,1730,1755]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Substratum, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
This sponge is found on a rocky ledge at a depth of
<specimenCount id="BCE3FD032B3EFFBCFB488EEAFAC865CC" box="[1239,1303,1731,1755]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3EFFBCFB488EEAFACC65CC" box="[1239,1299,1731,1755]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF588ECFFDF265E9" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" box="[199,557,1766,1791]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF588ECFFE3065E9" bold="true" box="[199,495,1766,1791]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
WIO
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3EFFBFFF588F23FEDC6256" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBCFF588F23FD9864A5" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF588F23FEE46435" bold="true" box="[199,315,1802,1827]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</emphasis>
No species of
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFE7C8F23FD986435" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1878" box="[483,583,1802,1827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFE7C8F23FD986435" box="[483,583,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Aplysilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described from the WIO, except
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFBB68F22FB716435" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[1065,1198,1802,1827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFBB68F22FB716435" box="[1065,1198,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A. lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the red sea and
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFF088F06FECB6450" baseAuthorityName="Barrois" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[151,276,1838,1863]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF088F06FF706450" box="[151,175,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF478F06FECB6450" box="[216,276,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recorded from
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B3EFFBCFE5D8F07FD8B6451" box="[450,596,1838,1863]" name="South Africa" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. Bergquist and Warne (1980) and
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B3EFFBCFC508F07FB206451" author="Bergquist and Cook" box="[975,1279,1838,1863]" firstAuthor="Bergquist" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1094 - 1096" refId="ref41384" refString="Bergquist, P. R. &amp; Cook, S. D. C. (2002) Family Aplysinellidae Bergquist, 1980. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 1094 - 1096. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 112" type="book chapter" year="2002">Bergquist and Cook (2002)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that colour is a stable specific character in
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFDDF8F7BFD7B647D" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1878" box="[576,676,1874,1899]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFDDF8F7BFD7B647D" box="[576,676,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Aplysilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and that variation in colour within a species does not occur (
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B3EFFBCFAD78F7BFE896499" author="Samaai &amp; Gibbons" firstAuthor="Samaai" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref48897" refString="Samaai, T. &amp; Gibbons, M. J. (2005) Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. African Natural History, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2005">Samaai &amp; Gibbons 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The position adopted here follows that of
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B3EFFBCFCA38F5FFBB06499" author="Bergquist and Cook" box="[828,1135,1910,1935]" firstAuthor="Bergquist" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1094 - 1096" refId="ref41384" refString="Bergquist, P. R. &amp; Cook, S. D. C. (2002) Family Aplysinellidae Bergquist, 1980. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 1094 - 1096. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 112" type="book chapter" year="2002">Bergquist and Cook (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, is that colour is consistent and that
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFF688FB2FEA464A5" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[247,379,1946,1971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFF688FB2FEA464A5" box="[247,379,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A. lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a valid species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3EFFBFFF588F97FEDC6256" blockId="73.[151,1437,1406,2007]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The sponge described here agrees well with the description of
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3EFFBCFC198F96FBD864C1" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[902,1031,1982,2007]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3EFFBCFC198F96FBD864C1" box="[902,1031,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">P. lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
provided by
<bibRefCitation id="CE744B7B2B3EFFBCFB028F97FAEA64C1" author="Keller" box="[1181,1333,1982,2007]" firstAuthor="Keller" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="311 - 405" refId="ref45891" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405, pls. XX-XXV." type="journal article" year="1889">Keller (1889)</bibRefCitation>
from the Red Sea.
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3DFFBFFE9C88BEFE0B63A6" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[259,468,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFE9C88BEFE0B63A6" box="[259,468,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Aplysilla lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thinly encrusting, surface conulose and slimy, being intensely butter yellow
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFAD088B0FA4363A6" box="[1359,1436,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">in situ.</emphasis>
The conuli are pointed elevations on the surface
<quantity id="6D1D9B6F2B3DFFBFFD428895FCE163C2" box="[733,830,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
high. This is similar to the sponge described here. Classifying this sponge fully as
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3DFFBFFD9A88C9FD5563EE" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[517,650,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFD9A88C9FD5563EE" box="[517,650,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is difficult due to its distribution in
<collectingCountry id="D2F2761A2B3DFFBFFBB488F6FB1F63EE" box="[1067,1216,223,248]" name="South Africa" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. No other
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3DFFBFFAA788F6FA4363EE" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1878" box="[1336,1436,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFAA788F6FA4363EE" box="[1336,1436,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Aplysilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are described here or in the WIO. Due to its similarity to
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFC0D892DFBC0620B" box="[914,1055,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3DFFBFFC0D892DFBC3620B" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[914,1052,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">A. lacunosa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
this sponge is regarded as
<taxonomicName id="6DE54D092B3DFFBFFAC2892DFEDF6256" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFAC2892DFAA9620D" box="[1373,1398,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFF08890EFEDF6256" box="[151,256,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFF60890EFEDC6256" box="[255,259,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3DFFBFFF588965FDDC6273" box="[199,515,332,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="key">
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3DFFBFFF588965FDDC6273" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,515,332,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="9891EA982B3DFFBFFF588965FDDC6273" bold="true" box="[199,515,332,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Key diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3DFFBFFF588959FEA562BA" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
• Sponge thinly encrusting with fibres protruding through the surface giving the sponge a prickly
<subSubSection id="E2FF65012B3DFFBFFF6A89BCFEA562BA" box="[245,378,405,428]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">appearance.</subSubSection>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3DFFBFFF588991FD4462C6" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,667,439,464]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">• Thin dendritic choanosomal skeleton.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5A368A2B3DFFBFFF5889F4FDC862E3" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,535,476,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">• Butter-yellow colouration</paragraph>
</treatment>
</document>