147 lines
13 KiB
XML
147 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" ID-PMC="PMC3804768" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-332-95" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" ID-PubMed="24163583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577540" ModsDocID="1313-2970-332-95" checkinTime="1451246929074" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barney, Robert J., LeSage, Laurent & Savard, Karine" docDate="2013" docId="074D7AA07786F450D77E6FD966B45695" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 332: 95-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 332" docPubDate="2013-09-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" docTitle="Pachybrachis calcaratus Fall 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" masterDocTitle="Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="115" updateTime="1668156466159" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barney, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Gus R. Douglass Land-Grant Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, West Virginia, United States 25112 - 1000</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rbarney@wvstateu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>LeSage, Laurent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Savard, Karine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-09-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>332</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>95</mods:start>
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<mods:end>175</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-332-95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577540</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047713" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:074D7AA07786F450D77E6FD966B45695" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/074D7AA07786F450D77E6FD966B45695" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName LSID="074D7AA0-7786-F450-D77E-6FD966B45695" authority="Fall, 1915" authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachybrachis calcaratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="115" start="start">Pachybrachis</pageBreakToken>
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calcaratus Fall, 1915
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 3" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Habitus 3. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis calcaratus. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20908" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Habitus 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 3" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Map 3. The known distribution of Pachybrachis calcaratus in eastern Canada. Carolinian Zone in dark beige." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20933" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">; Map 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tibial spurs: a absent from front leg, Pachybrachis atomarius b minute on front leg, Pachybrachis spumarius c large on front leg, Pachybrachis calcaratus d small and pointed on middle legs in most species." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20862" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">; Figures 5c</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Elytral punctures and coloration: a in rows in deep striae, Pachybrachis luctuosus b confused in basal half, in rows in apical half, Pachybrachis calcaratus c all confused, Pachybrachis hepaticus d confused and mottled, Pachybrachis spumarius e vittate with marginal vitta interrupted, Pachybrachis bivattatus f black, margined with yellow, Pachybrachis nigriconis carbonarius g entirely black, Pachybrachis luridus." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20864" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">, 7b</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">Pachybrachys calcaratus</taxonomicName>
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Fall, 1915: 389
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="recognition">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Recognition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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Color dull yellow, with diffuse brown markings on pronotum, with more contrasting markings on elytra (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 3" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Habitus 3. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis calcaratus. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20908" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Habitus 3</figureCitation>
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); ocular lines absent; front tibiae of male with subapical rectangular tooth on inner margin, due to abrupt narrowing of tibia, and with long stout curved terminal spur (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tibial spurs: a absent from front leg, Pachybrachis atomarius b minute on front leg, Pachybrachis spumarius c large on front leg, Pachybrachis calcaratus d small and pointed on middle legs in most species." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20862" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Figure 5c</figureCitation>
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); terminal spur of front tibia of female reduced to narrow spine; male size small: length 2.09
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.07 mm, width 1.106
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Pachybrachis calcaratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been found across the central portion of the United States but only in small numbers (Barney, unpublished data). Within the area of this study, it is restricted to the Carolinian Life Zone in southern Ontario (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 3" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Map 3. The known distribution of Pachybrachis calcaratus in eastern Canada. Carolinian Zone in dark beige." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20933" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Map 3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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ONTARIO: Essex Co., Roseland, 24.VI.1942, 'compared with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="type’">type'</normalizedToken>
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, J. A. Wilcox [1♂, CDFA]; same data, except 24.VI.1944, S. D. Hicks [1♂, CNC].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="host plants">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Host plants.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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No information was recorded on the specimens collected in southern Ontario.
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<bibRefCitation author="Clark, SM" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Publications of the West Virginia Department of Agriculture" pageId="45" pageNumber="140" refId="B44" refString="Clark, SM, LeDoux, DG, Seeno, TN, Riley, EG, Gilbert, AJ, Sullivan, JM, 2004. Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada. In: The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2., 476 pp." title="Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada." volumeTitle="The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2." year="2004">Clark et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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reported
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Pachybrachis calcaratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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nibbling purple loosestrife,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lythraceae" genus="Lythrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtiflorae" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="salicaria">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Lythrum salicaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1805" genus="Lythraceae" lsidName="" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" rank="genus">Lythraceae</taxonomicName>
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), in Ohio.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Pachybrachis calcaratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is another of
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<bibRefCitation author="Fall, HC" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="46" pageNumber="141" pagination="291 - 486" refId="B76" refString="Fall, HC, 1915. A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 41: 291 - 486" title="A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys." volume="41" year="1915">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fall’s">Fall's</normalizedToken>
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(1915)
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</bibRefCitation>
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Group C species that have "great variation in the degree of (elytral) maculation." The tibial spur (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tibial spurs: a absent from front leg, Pachybrachis atomarius b minute on front leg, Pachybrachis spumarius c large on front leg, Pachybrachis calcaratus d small and pointed on middle legs in most species." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20862" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Figure 5c</figureCitation>
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) is a defining character.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Pachybrachis calcaratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was very likely associated with the Carolinian Life Zone in southern Ontario in the past. However, it has not been seen from there for the last 68 years.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |