401 lines
47 KiB
XML
401 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="28CEE6CFD0B2D0596D164771D28F2A00">
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<mods:title id="84FE752359737292E341FCC552FEC749">Description of a new species of genus Trachischium with a redescription of Trachischium fuscum (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B54D3C4F1B62669B5350482F7741888">Raha, Sujoy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4844F2BEFFDAE0DA0DA55BE6EBF48D58">Das, Sunandan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="13DE4C54125D7E8A7F0A2E2B2C844ECB">Bag, Probhat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="448FC8585B2ACE6B88397D45AECF6AB5">Debnath, Sudipta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="30CBDD8DF25816E936ADB767D6763A03">Pramanick, Kousik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6DB10C05FDE31C25B5CB35811E755807">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="903BE0C3A224D487752C9EEFD20DCD31">
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<mods:date id="4D59084D2236B5A1D9A5B6884F560FE2">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="8A3EF965FFA66B4FFF01695EFDBF33D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5990875" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5990875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A3EF965FFA66B4FFF01695EFDBF33D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8A3EF965FFA66B4FFF01695EFDBF33D2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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<subSubSection id="4A8D1BF8FFA66B4EFF01695EFF4D36BC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" type="description">
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<paragraph id="02284873FFA66B4CFF01695EFCA83520" blockId="4.[151,778,1549,1609]" box="[151,778,1549,1575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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<heading id="5960FF1FFFA66B4CFF01695EFCA83520" bold="true" box="[151,778,1549,1575]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFF01695EFCA83520" bold="true" box="[151,778,1549,1575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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Redescription of
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFEFA695EFCA83520" authority="Blyth, 1854" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[364,778,1549,1575]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFEFA695EFDD43520" bold="true" box="[364,630,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">Trachischium fuscum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA66B4CFDEA695EFCA83520" author="Blyth" box="[636,778,1549,1575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" refString="Blyth, E. (1854) Notes and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 23, 287 - 302." type="journal article" year="1854">Blyth, 1854</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="02284873FFA66B4CFF016963FF5D354F" blockId="4.[151,778,1549,1609]" box="[151,255,1584,1609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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(
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<figureCitation id="9AAC54F6FFA66B4CFF096963FF55354F" box="[159,247,1584,1609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Lectotype of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI7044), B. Anomalous ventrals of a T. fuscum (ZSI7059), C. Nine eggs in a specimen of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI19120)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1147367/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="02284873FFA66B4CFF01692BFD753443" blockId="4.[151,1436,1656,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA66B4CFF01692BFE293597" box="[151,395,1656,1681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" refString="Talukdar, S. K., Sanyal, D. P. & Duttagupta, B. (1980) Redescription of and lectotype designation for Calamaris fusca Blyth, 1854 [Serpentes: Colubridae]. Bulletin of Zoological Survey of India, 3, 93 - 95." type="journal article">
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Talukdar
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFE97692AFE983596" box="[257,314,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">et al.</emphasis>
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(1980)
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</bibRefCitation>
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designated ZSI7044 as the
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<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA66B4CFD54692BFC8B3596" box="[706,809,1656,1681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFCD8692BFB9E3596" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[846,1084,1656,1681]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFCD8692BFB9E3596" box="[846,1084,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">Trachischium fuscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. They provided a redescription but it was brief and contained some ambiguous (such as number of VEN) and erroneous (namely SVL and TAL) information. Moreover, it lacked morphometric details and description of the novel characters used in this paper (such as 4SCW/L and 5SCW/L) used to separate
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFD7C69B6FCD735FA" authority="Raha & Das & Bag & Debnath & Pramanick, 2018" authorityName="Raha & Das & Bag & Debnath & Pramanick" authorityYear="2018" box="[746,885,1764,1789]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sushantai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFD7C69B6FCD735FA" box="[746,885,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">T. sushantai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2BD0291AFFA66B4CFC1769B6FC7535FB" box="[897,983,1765,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFBB069B7FB2B35FA" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[1062,1161,1764,1789]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFBB069B7FB2B35FA" box="[1062,1161,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">T.fuscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The aforesaid reasons necessitate the inclusion of a redescription of the
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<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA66B4CFD4A685BFCE13426" box="[732,835,1800,1825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFCF9685AFC793426" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[879,987,1800,1825]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFCF9685AFC793426" box="[879,987,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">T. fuscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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along with an analysis of variation in
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<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA66B4CFF01687FFE9B3442" box="[151,313,1836,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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and non-type materials of
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFDF3687EFD723442" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[613,720,1836,1861]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFDF3687EFD723442" box="[613,720,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">T. fuscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="02284873FFA66B4DFF516803FF6D32A8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1656,2005]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,539]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="554" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">
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Redescription was based on the lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA66B4CFD526803FC16346E" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[708,948,1872,1897]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFD526803FC16346E" box="[708,948,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">Trachischium fuscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ZSI7044): Adult male; SVL
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFA9B6803FACE346F" box="[1293,1388,1872,1897]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="325.0">325 mm</quantity>
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and TAL
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFF426827FE87348B" box="[212,293,1908,1933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
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(not
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFEF56827FE60348B" box="[355,450,1908,1933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="305.0">305 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFE6A6827FDEF348B" box="[508,589,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
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||
respectively as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA66B4CFC076827FB2C348B" box="[913,1166,1908,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" refString="Talukdar, S. K., Sanyal, D. P. & Duttagupta, B. (1980) Redescription of and lectotype designation for Calamaris fusca Blyth, 1854 [Serpentes: Colubridae]. Bulletin of Zoological Survey of India, 3, 93 - 95." type="journal article">
|
||
Talukdar
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<emphasis id="30E39461FFA66B4CFC6B6826FB95348A" box="[1021,1079,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="553">et al.</emphasis>
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[1980]
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
); TAL/TL ratio is 0.14; head small (HL
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFEC768CBFE0934B7" box="[337,427,1944,1968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
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, 3.2 % of SVL), wider than its height (HW and HH
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFB9F68CBFBC334B7" box="[1033,1121,1944,1969]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
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and 5.1 respectively); head indistinct from neck; eye small (ED
|
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFDBA68EFFD2634D3" box="[556,644,1980,2004]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
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||
, 13.3 % of HL); ESN
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA66B4CFCED68EFFC7634D3" box="[891,980,1980,2004]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
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||
; rostral slightly broader than high (width and height of rostral
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||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA76B4DFE1C6FCBFE4033A8" box="[394,482,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA76B4DFD8B6FCBFDD733A8" box="[541,629,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
respectively); internasals paired, much shorter than the undivided PF; length of the pentagonal frontal shield (
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA76B4DFDCF6FEFFD1133D3" box="[601,691,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) greater than its distance from the end of rostral (
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA76B4DFB7A6FEFFAEA33D3" box="[1260,1352,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
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||
), wider than supraoculars; parietals (length
|
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<quantity id="C56FE596FFA76B4DFDBD6F8CFD2633FF" box="[555,644,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
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) longer than frontal; 1 pre- and 1 post-ocular; loreal twice wider than high; nasals divided and very small; SL (R/L) 6/6, 1
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<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA76B4DFD766E50FCF23218" box="[736,848,259,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="smallest">st smallest</taxonomicName>
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, 6th largest, 3rd and 4th touching the eye; IL (R/L) 6/6 of 4 are in contact with the genials; anterior genials longer than posterior genials; TEMP (R/L) 1+2/1+2; dorsal scales smooth except those on the basal region of tail which are keeled, DSCH:M:
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<date id="76296EB3FFA76B4DFBCF6E1CFB353260" box="[1113,1175,335,359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" value="2013-05">V 13</date>
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:13:13; VEN 156; anal divided; SC 35 pairs, those one anterior half on tail around twice wider than long with 4SCW/L 2.46 and 5SCW/L 1.88.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="02284873FFA76B4DFF446EE9FE0A311C" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA76B4DFF446EE9FEC432D4" author="Blyth" box="[210,358,442,467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" refString="Blyth, E. (1854) Notes and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 23, 287 - 302." type="journal article" year="1854">Blyth (1854)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the colour as follows ‘Of an iridescent dull black colour throughout, the ventrals slightly margined paler.’ Now the specimen has become uniformly brown, with paler margins at the trailing edge of VEN still being evident.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="56E818FBFFA76B4DFF01686EFD3A3475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1147367/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" targetBox="[217,1369,594,1832]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA76B4DFF01686EFD3A3475" blockId="5.[151,1435,1853,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA76B4DFF01686EFEB13454" bold="true" box="[151,275,1853,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
A. Lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA76B4DFE54686EFD393454" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[450,667,1853,1875]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA76B4DFE54686EFD393454" box="[450,667,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">Trachischium fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSI7044), B. Anomalous ventrals of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA76B4DFBAE686CFB383454" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[1080,1178,1853,1876]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA76B4DFBAE686CFB383454" box="[1080,1178,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSI7059), C. Nine eggs in a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA76B4DFED2680FFDBE3475" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[324,540,1884,1906]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="554" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA76B4DFED2680FFDBE3475" box="[324,540,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="554">Trachischium fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSI19120)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="56E818FBFFA46B4EFF016DAFFB423015" box="[151,1248,764,786]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1147369/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" targetBox="[153,1434,195,739]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA46B4EFF016DAFFB423015" blockId="6.[151,1248,764,786]" box="[151,1248,764,786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFF016DAFFEB03016" bold="true" box="[151,274,764,786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Type of
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFEFB6DAFFDE33015" box="[365,577,764,786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFEFB6DAFFD9E3015" box="[365,572,764,786]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Eminophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineolata">Eminophis lineolata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. dorsal view, B. underside of tail. (Photo by Alice Schumacher)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA46B4EFF516C6DFCA437E5" blockId="6.[151,1437,830,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFF516C6DFEE83050" bold="true" box="[199,330,830,855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Variations.</emphasis>
|
||
Range of morphometric and meristic data of
|
||
<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA46B4EFCCD6C6DFC5F3050" box="[859,1021,830,855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and other non-type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFA116C6CFF45307C" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFA116C6CFF45307C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="4F157DC8FFA46B4EFE316C31FE59307C" box="[423,507,866,891]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,260,283]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of mensural and meristic data of the holotype of Trachischium sushantai sp. nov., lectotype of T. fuscum, syntype of Calamaria obscurostriata (synonym of T. fuscum), paralectotypes and other specimens of T. fuscum; mensural and meristic data are presented as range for paralectotypes and other specimens of T. fuscum; all measurements are in mm; N = total number of specimens in each category; n = number of specimens showing a particular character state of TEMP and PF." pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Head and dorsal scalation in this species shows almost no variation except that in ZSI18693 there is only one 1 posterior TEMP on right side.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFCD06CD5FC793098" author="Smith" box="[838,987,902,927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indochinese sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii + 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the range of VEN as 150–165 (the lowest VEN count reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFDA26CF9FD7C30C4" author="Sharma" box="[564,734,938,963]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Sharma, R. C. (2007) The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Reptilia. Vol. III. Serpentes. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 410 pp." type="book" year="2007">Sharma [2007]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is 132 which is most probably erroneous). The highest VEN count made by us was
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA46B4EFE036C9DFE7E30E0" box="[405,476,974,999]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2926" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" unit="in" value="169.0">169 in</quantity>
|
||
ZSI19120. Range of SC reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFCEB6C9DFBB030E0" author="Smith" box="[893,1042,974,999]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indochinese sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii + 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was 28–42. In ZSI18679, there are 44 pairs of SC. ZSI7059 (collected from Darjeeling) exhibits several anomalous ventral scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AAC54F6FFA46B4EFB5C6CA1FAE2370C" box="[1226,1344,1010,1035]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Lectotype of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI7044), B. Anomalous ventrals of a T. fuscum (ZSI7059), C. Nine eggs in a specimen of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI19120)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1147367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In this specimen, split VEN, incomplete VEN and fused VEN are present sporadically among normal VEN. This anomaly results from abnormalities on vertebrae and ribs (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFC9F6B69FC713754" author="Shine" box="[777,979,1082,1107]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Shine, R., Lankilde, Wall, M. & Mason, R. T. (2005) The fitness correlates of scalation asymmetry in garter snakes Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis. Functional Ecology, 19, 306 - 314. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2435.2005.00963. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Shine
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFCC56B68FC2C3754" box="[851,910,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFC746B69FBDA3754" author="Mebert" box="[994,1144,1082,1107]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Mebert, K. (2011) Introduced and Indigenous Populations of the Dice Snake (Natrix tessellata) in the Central Alps - Microgeographic Variation and Effect of Inbreeding. Mertensiella, 18, 71 - 79." type="journal article" year="2011">Mebert 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This specimen also has divided PF.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFE8A6B0DFE0D3770" author="Wall" box="[284,431,1118,1143]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found one specimen from Darjeeling which got 9 of its anterior SCs undivided. We found undivided SC in three specimens, including one
|
||
<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA46B4EFD2C6BD1FCF3379C" box="[698,849,1154,1179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(ZSI7051). The dorsum coloration (in preservative) varies from dark brown to almost jet black. Juveniles, as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFC496BF5FBDA37B8" author="Wall" box="[991,1144,1190,1215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFB2C6BF5FAF437B8" author="Smith" box="[1210,1366,1190,1215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indochinese sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii + 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, have longitudinal stripes and an incomplete collar over nape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA46B4EFF5B6BBCFF4D36BC" blockId="6.[151,1437,830,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
Here we would like to mention that there is another specimen from Jammu deposited in ZSI general collection (ZSI25651B) with divided nasal, VEN 150, SC 35 (first 4 undivided, rest distinctly wider than long, not regular hexagon/rhomboid shaped), SVL
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA46B4EFD876A64FDCC3649" box="[529,622,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="227.0">227 mm</quantity>
|
||
and TAL
|
||
<quantity id="C56FE596FFA46B4EFD486A65FC8F3649" box="[734,813,1334,1359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
(TAL 19.8 % of SVL) and black dorsum. It can be seen that this specimen can be easily distinguished from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA46B4EFD696A09FCC33674" box="[767,865,1370,1395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFC106A0FFBAF3674" authority="Raha & Das & Bag & Debnath & Pramanick, 2018" authorityName="Raha & Das & Bag & Debnath & Pramanick" authorityYear="2018" box="[902,1037,1370,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sushantai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFC106A0FFBAF3674" box="[902,1037,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. sushantai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2BD0291AFFA46B4EFB856A09FBCE3674" box="[1043,1132,1370,1395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFB856A09FBCE3674" bold="true" box="[1043,1132,1370,1395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and we currently refer it to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFF016A2CFF5D3690" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,255,1406,1431]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFF016A2CFF5D3690" box="[151,255,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as we could not find any differences in characters from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFC236A2CFB823690" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[949,1056,1406,1431]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFC236A2CFB823690" box="[949,1056,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of eastern Himalaya that we have studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4A8D1BF8FFA46B4FFF516A95FDBF33D2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="556" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA46B4EFF516A95FE8E3594" blockId="6.[151,1437,830,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFF516A95FEC236D8" bold="true" box="[199,352,1478,1503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFEFE6A94FE7136D8" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[360,467,1478,1503]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFEFE6A94FE7136D8" box="[360,467,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found from the states of Jammu & Kashmir, northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFBF86A94FB5D36D8" box="[1134,1279,1478,1503]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFA9D6A95FA3A36D8" box="[1291,1432,1478,1503]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFF016AB9FF493504" box="[151,235,1514,1539]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFF616AB8FEE63504" box="[247,324,1515,1539]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
and eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFE406AB9FD0E3504" box="[470,684,1514,1539]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A8008E3FFA46B4EFD456AB9FCAD3504" box="[723,783,1514,1539]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, east and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A8008E3FFA46B4EFC416AB9FBB83504" box="[983,1050,1514,1539]" name="Nepal" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A8008E3FFA46B4EFBC26AB9FB073504" box="[1108,1189,1514,1539]" name="Bhutan" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
border area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFAA86AB9FF713520" author="Gunther" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Gunther, A. (1860) Contribution to a knowledge of the reptiles of the Himalaya mountains. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 28, 148 - 175." type="journal article" year="1860">Günther 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFF49695DFE343520" author="Boulenger" box="[223,406,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1893) Catalogue of snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. Containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae, Boidae, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae and Colubridae, British Museum (Natural History), London, xiii + 448 pp, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54273" type="book" year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFE35695DFDC23520" author="Annandale" box="[419,608,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Annandale, N. (1904) Additions to the collection of oriental snakes in the Indian Museum. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 73, 207 - 211." type="journal article" year="1904">Annandale 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFDFB695DFD503520" author="Wall" box="[621,754,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall 1909b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD69695DFC263520" author="Smith" box="[767,900,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indochinese sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii + 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFC07695DFBD43520" author="Agarwal" box="[913,1142,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Agarwal, I., Mistry, V. & Athreya, R. (2010) Preliminary checklist of reptiles of the Eaglenest wildlife sanctuary, west Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 17, 81 - 93." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Agarwal
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFC6C695CFB913520" box="[1018,1075,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFB15695DFAC03520" author="Wallach" box="[1155,1378,1550,1575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wallach, V., Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J. (2014) Snakes of the world: a catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, xxvi + 1209 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / b 16901" type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFB70695CFABD3520" box="[1254,1311,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; also see the references contained in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFE6E6961FD7A354C" author="Wallach" box="[504,728,1586,1611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wallach, V., Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J. (2014) Snakes of the world: a catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, xxvi + 1209 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / b 16901" type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFDCD6967FD36354C" box="[603,660,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We currently regard one specimen from Jammu as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFABC6967FA36354C" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[1322,1428,1586,1611]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFABC6967FA36354C" box="[1322,1428,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also see comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFE336905FDD33568" box="[421,625,1622,1647]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Ablabes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilgiticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFE336905FDD33568" box="[421,625,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Ablabes gilgiticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD176905FCA83568" author="Wall" box="[641,778,1622,1647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall, F. (1924) A hand-list of snakes of the Indian empire. Part II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 29, 59 - 878." type="journal article" year="1924">Wall (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarded the locality Khasi hills (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFB026905FAB03568" box="[1172,1298,1622,1647]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
state) to be questionable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="02284873FFA46B4FFF5169CDFDBF33D2" blockId="6.[151,1437,830,2007]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="556" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFF5169CDFE2435B0" bold="true" box="[199,390,1694,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFE1869CCFE5A35B0" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[398,504,1694,1719]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFE1869CCFE5A35B0" box="[398,504,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a montane snake and it is found between 920 and 2590 meters above sea level (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFF086991FE3235DC" author="Wallach" box="[158,400,1730,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wallach, V., Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J. (2014) Snakes of the world: a catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, xxvi + 1209 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / b 16901" type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFE9E6997FEE535DC" box="[264,327,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This snake species is semi-fossorial and live under stones and leaf litter in montane deciduous forests (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFEE769B5FE5E35F8" author="Wall" box="[369,508,1766,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall 1909b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD9A69B4FD2635F8" author="Das" box="[524,644,1767,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Das, I. (2002) A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd., London, 144 pp." type="book" year="2002">Das, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD0369B5FC2635F8" author="Agarwal" box="[661,900,1766,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Agarwal, I., Mistry, V. & Athreya, R. (2010) Preliminary checklist of reptiles of the Eaglenest wildlife sanctuary, west Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 17, 81 - 93." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Agarwal
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFC9669B4FC9F35F8" box="[768,829,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Though
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFC6B69B4FBDD35F8" author="Das" box="[1021,1151,1767,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Das, I. (2002) A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd., London, 144 pp." type="book" year="2002">Das (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that these snakes become active after sunset,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFE7A6859FD2A3424" author="Wall" box="[492,648,1802,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
frequently found it during daytime in Darjeeling. They feed on earthworms and are of very gentle disposition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD53687DFCF33440" author="Wall" box="[709,849,1838,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall 1909b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFCFF687CFC753440" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[873,983,1838,1863]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFCFF687CFC753440" box="[873,983,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a sex ratio that is skewed toward females. The specimens studied by us contained
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFD2B6800FC80346C" box="[701,802,1874,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="male">14 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFCCC6800FC76346C" box="[858,980,1874,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="female">19 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(ratio 1:1.36).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFBE96801FAB1346C" author="Wall" box="[1151,1299,1874,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFA166800FF7A3488" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="male">37 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFE986825FE2A3488" box="[270,392,1910,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="female">51 females</specimenCount>
|
||
among
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFE746824FDD83488" box="[482,634,1910,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="generic">88 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of which he determined the sex. A similar
|
||
<typeStatus id="DD2CF6D1FFA46B4EFBCD6824FB293488" box="[1115,1163,1911,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of skewed sex ratio was reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFEB568CFFE0834B4" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[291,426,1946,1971]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFEB568CFFE0834B4" box="[291,426,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFE4268C9FDCA34B4" author="Wall" box="[468,616,1946,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFD0968C9FC2334B4" box="[671,897,1946,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Chettri, B., Bhupathy, S. & Acharya, B. A. (2009) Morphometrics and aspects of breeding biology of Trachischium guentheri Boulenger, 1890 (Serpentes: Colubridae) in north Sikkim, eastern Himalaya, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 16, 177 - 182." type="journal article">
|
||
Chettri
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFD6268CFFC8E34B4" box="[756,812,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The clutch size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA46B4EFBCD68CFFB6434B4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" box="[1115,1222,1946,1971]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA46B4EFBCD68CFFB6434B4" box="[1115,1222,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">T. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was reported to be 3–6 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA46B4EFF5968EDFEF534D0" author="Wall" box="[207,343,1982,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall 1909b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We found
|
||
<specimenCount id="149183FAFFA46B4EFE4968ECFD8A34D0" box="[479,552,1983,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="555" type="egg">9 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
in ZSI19120 (from Gopaldhara, Darjeeling,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0538691FFA46B4EFBB668ECFB0D34D0" box="[1056,1199,1982,2007]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AAC54F6FFA46B4EFB5068EDFA9F34D0" box="[1222,1341,1982,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1369,594,1832]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Lectotype of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI7044), B. Anomalous ventrals of a T. fuscum (ZSI7059), C. Nine eggs in a specimen of Trachischium fuscum (ZSI19120)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1147367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="555">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is the highest number of eggs reported for any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C59733F0FFA56B4FFD0A6FC4FC9633B7" box="[668,820,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Trachischium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="556" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E39461FFA56B4FFD0A6FC4FC9633B7" box="[668,820,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="556">Trachischium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. to date. Hatchlings of this species were seen by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66063582FFA56B4FFF016FEFFE8933D2" author="Wall" box="[151,299,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="556" refString="Wall. F. (1909 b) Notes on snakes from the neighbourhood of Darjeeling. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 19, 337 - 357." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Wall (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in Darjeeling in July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |