332 lines
45 KiB
XML
332 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="1C3206E1B75FFB01AB4C3B28F2DBC411" ID-CLB-Dataset="5595" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.16" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eef597df-ebcc-4e43-bd7e-eb091f6dae03" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4915468" ID-ZooBank="ECB9A7D7-C69F-4925-8B2C-662F79307047" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623200098953" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rivera, Julio" docDate="2014" docId="03B6878CFFEA5B15EEE0F6DF507ECBB5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03797p273.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3797 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thespoides bolivari Chopard 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="272" masterDocId="FF8FFFF4FFEA5B16EE77F342556DC945" masterDocTitle="On the identity and taxonomic status of the enigmatic mantid Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Angelinae)" masterLastPageNumber="273" masterPageNumber="269" pageNumber="269" updateTime="1699006543109" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7AF6DAA7D54FF6E32E1715D8F81C785F">On the identity and taxonomic status of the enigmatic mantid Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Angelinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FFEB2EA94218BD2025E7CB8007B60E2C">Rivera, Julio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3738F1E6830207FEB37842622613D0E8">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto. Correspondence: Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada. E-mail: julior @ rom. on. ca. & Museo de Entomología Klaus Raven Buller, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="01DFEF0AAE636C7131E5455B74EC9696">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="50DDBDD6AED8838D6F1A2F940034A2AF">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B6878CFFEA5B15EEE0F6DF507ECBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5083272" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183404155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5083272" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6878CFFEA5B15EEE0F6DF507ECBB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6878CFFEA5B15EEE0F6DF507ECBB5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<subSubSection id="C3056511FFEA5B16EEE0F6DF572ECCF2" box="[151,579,1437,1463]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEA5B16EEE0F6DF572ECCF2" blockId="0.[151,579,1437,1496]" box="[151,579,1437,1463]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<heading id="D0E881F6FFEA5B16EEE0F6DF572ECCF2" bold="true" box="[151,579,1437,1463]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EEE0F6DF572ECCF2" authority="Chopard, 1916" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,579,1437,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EEE0F6DF572ECCF2" bold="true" box="[151,579,1437,1463]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EEE0F6DF54EFCCF2" bold="true" box="[151,386,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFEA5B16EFFEF6DF572ECCF2" author="Chopard, L." box="[393,579,1437,1463]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard, 1916</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3056511FFEA5B15EEE0F6FD54B4C8E8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEA5B16EEE0F6FD547CCC9D" blockId="0.[151,579,1437,1496]" box="[151,273,1471,1496]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEA5B16EEE8F6FD5465CC9D" box="[159,264,1471,1496]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" captionTargetBox-0="[433,1132,753,1932]" captionTargetBox-1="[176,1411,221,1382]" captionTargetId-0="figure-273@1.[425,1162,735,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure-318@2.[151,1436,215,1396]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Male type of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 deposited at the MNCN, and its corresponding labels. Scale bar=5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Original illustrations accompanying the description of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915471" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4915471/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEA5B16EEE0F54551E4CFF5" blockId="0.[151,1438,1543,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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The actual
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<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEA5B16EF62F545541ACF65" box="[277,375,1543,1568]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEA5B16EFFFF54554A4CF65" box="[392,457,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[433,1132,753,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-273@1.[425,1162,735,1941]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male type of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 deposited at the MNCN, and its corresponding labels. Scale bar=5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915471/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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) is incomplete, as the mesothorax, metathorax and abdomen are all now missing. The only parts left are the pronotum, both forelegs, and the head, the latter partially damaged. The specimen bears three labels (
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<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEA5B16EE9CF50D545DCF2D" box="[235,304,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[433,1132,753,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-273@1.[425,1162,735,1941]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male type of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 deposited at the MNCN, and its corresponding labels. Scale bar=5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915471/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). The original description of the complete insect was accompanied by three illustrations that are reproduced in
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<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEA5B16EF3BF53154DACFC9" box="[332,439,1651,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,221,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-318@2.[151,1436,215,1396]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Original illustrations accompanying the description of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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. After comparing this specimen with the original description and accompanying illustrations, the author was able to draw several conclusions about its identity, as follows:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEA5B17EEB0F5F956FBC87A" blockId="0.[151,1438,1543,2036]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="270" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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A) The only surviving parts of the
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<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEA5B16EC26F5FE57ECCF91" box="[593,641,1724,1748]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">type</typeStatus>
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(i.e., the prothorax and head) conform to the original description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EBF0F5FE559DCFBD" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EBF0F5FE559DCFBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">T. bolivari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The left foretibia and femur are notoriously smaller than the right ones, a clear sign of a regenerated lost limb; this anatomical feature of the
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<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEA5B16EC3BF4465711CE59" box="[588,636,1796,1820]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">type</typeStatus>
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was not mentioned by Chopard. Analysis of pronotal proportions, armature of the forelegs and general habitus of these parts confirms that the
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<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEA5B16ED92F46A5178CE05" box="[997,1045,1832,1856]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EA4EF46A51C0CE05" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[1081,1197,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EA4EF46A51C0CE05" box="[1081,1197,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">T. bolivari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is ascribed to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EB3BF46554F0CE21" authority="Rehn, 1906" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EB3BF4655462CE26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Angela guianensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFEA5B16EF6EF40954F0CE21" author="Rehn, J. A. G." box="[281,413,1867,1892]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" pagination="273 - 278" refId="ref2422" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1906) Record and descriptions of non-saltatorial Orthoptera from British Guiana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 58, 262 - 265, 273 - 278." type="journal article" year="1906">Rehn, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<tableCitation id="C69D0321FFEA5B16EFD8F409576ACE21" box="[431,519,1867,1892]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,800,822]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between prothoracic structures of A. guianensis and T. bolivari. Measurements (in mm) of T. bolivari were taken from Chopard (1911), whereas minimum and maximum ranges of the same in A. guianensis were taken from Rivera (2004) (sample size=22 male specimens)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF606612FFE95B15EEE0F0625750CA3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" tableUuid="DF606612FFE95B15EEE0F0625750CA3F">Table 1</tableCitation>
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), a widespread and frequently collected species throughout the Amazon basin, including localities in
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<collectingCountry id="F308760AFFEA5B16EFE3F42D576BCECD" box="[404,518,1903,1928]" name="Colombia" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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. Consequently, the now missing parts of the
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<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEA5B16EA74F432515ECECD" box="[1027,1075,1904,1928]" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">type</typeStatus>
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specimen (i.e., the mesothorax, metathorax and abdomen), which were described and illustrated by Chopard (
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<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEA5B16EA63F4D15137CEE9" box="[1044,1114,1939,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,221,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-318@2.[151,1436,215,1396]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Original illustrations accompanying the description of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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), almost certainly belong to another species, as they depart markedly in form from the anatomy of other
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16ED80F4F55112CE8A" box="[1015,1151,1975,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16ED80F4F5512BCE95" box="[1015,1094,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Angela</emphasis>
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spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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, including
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EA8AF4FA50F8CE8A" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[1277,1429,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EA8AF4FA50F8CE8A" box="[1277,1429,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">A. guianensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. For example, the cerci in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEA5B16EFC4F49E574ACEB1" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[435,551,2011,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEA5B16EFC4F49E574ACEB1" box="[435,551,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">T. bolivari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were originally described and illustrated as cylindrical, rather than laminar, the latter a putative synapomorphy of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EC5CF3D55717C9F5" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1839" box="[555,634,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EC5CF3D55717C9F5" box="[555,634,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Angela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and a character of widespread use in identification keys (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFEB5B17EB2DF3DA55BEC990" author="Terra, P. S." pageId="1" pageNumber="270" pagination="13 - 86" refId="ref2908" refString="Terra, P. S. (1995) Revisao Sistematica dos Generos de louva-a-deus da Regiao Neotropical (Mantodea). Revista brasileira de Entomologia, 39 (1), 13 - 86." type="journal article" year="1995">Terra, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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). Similarly, the wings of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EC65F3FF57E0C990" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[530,653,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EC65F3FF57E0C990" box="[530,653,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">T. bolivari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were described as “hairy”, a condition not observed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EB32F3FE50F9C990" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1839" box="[1349,1428,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EB32F3FE50F9C990" box="[1349,1428,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Angela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Accordingly, it is highly likely that the specimen studied by Chopard was a composite specimen comprised of disarticulated body parts from two different species, one of which was
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17ED8BF24651FAC859" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[1020,1175,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17ED8BF24651FAC859" box="[1020,1175,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">A. guianensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69D0321FFEB5B17EADDF246506FC858" box="[1194,1282,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,800,822]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between prothoracic structures of A. guianensis and T. bolivari. Measurements (in mm) of T. bolivari were taken from Chopard (1911), whereas minimum and maximum ranges of the same in A. guianensis were taken from Rivera (2004) (sample size=22 male specimens)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF606612FFE95B15EEE0F0625750CA3F" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" tableUuid="DF606612FFE95B15EEE0F0625750CA3F">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). This likely explains why the abdomen was markedly shorter than the pronotum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEB5B17EEB0F20E5164CB78" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">
|
||
B) Although the posterior thorax and abdomen are now lost, the original description provides clues about the identity of the other species. The wings depicted by Chopard (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEB5B17ED23F22D56F5C8CD" box="[852,920,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,221,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-318@2.[151,1436,215,1396]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Original illustrations accompanying the description of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) exhibit characteristics typical of members of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EF65F2D654E5C8E8" box="[274,392,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thespidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as the vein pattern, the elongated stigma on the forewing and the conspicuous pilosity on the wing surface. Similarly, the triangular supra-anal plate is another feature commonly observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EB5EF2F550F1C895" box="[1321,1436,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thespidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1FFFEB5B17EEE8F29E558BC8B0" box="[159,230,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,221,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-318@2.[151,1436,215,1396]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Original illustrations accompanying the description of Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 (original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, the actual identity of this part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEB5B17ED38F29E5612C8B1" box="[847,895,476,500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">type</typeStatus>
|
||
cannot be determined based on the description alone, but judging from the metrics provided by Chopard, it likely corresponded to a species of comparable size, such as members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EF0CF16757E3CB78" authority="Saussure, 1869" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[379,654,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Musonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EF0CF16754B0CB79" box="[379,477,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Musonia</emphasis>
|
||
Saussure, 1869
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17ECC4F1665168CB78" authority="Werner, 1909" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1909" box="[691,1029,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pseudomusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17ECC4F1665609CB78" box="[691,868,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Pseudomusonia</emphasis>
|
||
Werner, 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEB5B17EEB0F10554E4CBED" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">
|
||
C) The distal margin of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFEB5B17EC7DF10A5757CB25" box="[522,570,584,608]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen’s pronotum contains a residue of glue, which provides additional (though circumstantial) evidence that, at one time, the anomalous posterior elements of the specimen were glued to the anterior elements.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF606612FFEB5B17EEE0F4EF546ACEA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4915471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" startId="1.[151,250,1965,1987]" targetBox="[433,1132,753,1932]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFEB5B17EEE0F4EF546ACEA7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1965,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EEE0F4EF547BCE86" bold="true" box="[151,278,1965,1987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Male type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFEB5B17EFC7F4EF5673CE86" authority="Chopard, 1916" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[432,798,1965,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFEB5B17EFC7F4EF5716CE86" box="[432,635,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="270">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFEB5B17ECF3F4EF5673CE86" author="Chopard, L." box="[644,798,1965,1987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="270" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited at the MNCN, and its corresponding labels. Scale bar=5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF606612FFE85B14EEE0F6CE5624CCBB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915473" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4915473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4915473/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" startId="2.[151,250,1420,1442]" targetBox="[176,1411,221,1382]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE85B14EEE0F6CE5624CCBB" blockId="2.[151,1436,1420,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EEE0F6CE547FCCE7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1420,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Original illustrations accompanying the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14ED49F6CE51CFCCE7" authority="Chopard, 1916" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[830,1186,1420,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14ED49F6CE5168CCE7" box="[830,1029,1420,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE85B14EA7BF6CE51CFCCE7" author="Chopard, L." box="[1036,1186,1420,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(original numbering and captions included). The full specimen is depicted on the left (notice the absence of cursorial legs, which were missing at the time of description), whereas on the right there is a dorsal view of the last abdominal segments (including supraanal plate and cerci), distal inner lobe of the fore coxa and trochanter. Not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE85B14EEB0F569500CCFBD" blockId="2.[151,1437,1579,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
D)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE85B14EE9AF56954CCCF01" author="Chopard, L." box="[237,417,1579,1604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EC64F56957FCCF01" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[531,657,1579,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EC64F56957FCCF01" box="[531,657,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Thespoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14ED2BF5695169CF01" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1904" box="[860,1028,1579,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Miopteryginae">Miopteryginae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a lineage that today constitutes the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EE9BF50D540ECF2D" box="[236,355,1615,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thespidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Interestingly, the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14ECF1F50D5669CF2D" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[646,772,1615,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14ECF1F50D5669CF2D" box="[646,772,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Thespoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was inspired from the apparent similarities between the proposed genus and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EF08F53154A3CFC9" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1839" box="[383,462,1651,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EF08F53154A3CFC9" box="[383,462,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Angela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the species of which were assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EDE3F5315687CFC9" box="[916,1002,1651,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EDE3F5315687CFC9" box="[916,1002,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Thespis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the time of Chopard’s publication). Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EEAFF5D5544ACFF5" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1839" box="[216,295,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EEAFF5D5544ACFF5" box="[216,295,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Angela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EF11F5D554D1CFF5" box="[358,444,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EF11F5D554D1CFF5" box="[358,444,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Thespis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are now considered valid and distinct genera. These two facts suggest that Chopard himself was confused by the dual nature of the specimen before him, without realizing that it was a composite of non-conspecific, disarticulated parts. Regardless, his classification was based on the thespid traits of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE85B14EB5EF5A25030CFBD" box="[1321,1373,1760,1784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE85B15EEB0F44154DFC820" blockId="2.[151,1437,1579,2036]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
Under Article 73.1.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE85B14EA3AF44151B6CE59" author="ICZN & London, XXIX" box="[1101,1243,1795,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" refId="ref2236" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, XXIX + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) “
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EA8DF44157FDCE26" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
if the nominal species-group taxon is based on a single specimen, either so stated or implied in the original publication, that specimen is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE85B14EF24F40954DECE21" box="[339,435,1867,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
fixed by monotypy
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”. Chopard described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE85B14EDF9F40E516BCE21" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[910,1030,1867,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B14EDF9F40E516BCE21" box="[910,1030,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">T. bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of a single specimen, citing it simply as the “type”. Chopard clearly considered the whole specimen as a single individual, therefore his procedure conforms to the ICZN and thus this specimen can be considered as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE85B14EA57F4D151EBCEE9" box="[1056,1158,1939,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. However, Article 73.1.5 states “
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE85B15EE9EF4F55485C9F5" italics="true" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
If a subsequent author finds that a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE85B14EC04F4F557BECE95" box="[627,723,1975,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
which consists of a set of components (e.g. disarticulated body parts) is not derived from an individual animal, the extraneous components may, by appropriate citation, be excluded from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE95B15EF18F3D554BFC9F5" box="[367,466,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
…
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”. Thus, in agreement to Article 73.1.5 and to provide nomenclatural stability, the non-conspecific lost parts from the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EC02F3FF5785C990" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[629,744,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EC02F3FF5785C990" box="[629,744,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">T. bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, already physically removed from the type, are removed from the description. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EF86F39D57AAC9B2" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[497,711,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EF86F39D57AAC9B2" box="[497,711,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Angela guianensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EDC2F39D5124C9BD" author="Rehn, J. A. G." box="[949,1097,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" pagination="273 - 278" refId="ref2422" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1906) Record and descriptions of non-saltatorial Orthoptera from British Guiana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 58, 262 - 265, 273 - 278." type="journal article" year="1906">Rehn (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ten years before Chopard’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EEE0F2465414C858" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,377,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EEE0F2465414C858" box="[151,377,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
description, making it necessary to apply the “Principle of Priority” (ICZN Article 23.1). Accordingly, it is established that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EC61F2655799C805" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[534,756,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EC61F2655799C805" box="[534,756,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a new junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EA4CF2655067C87A" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[1083,1290,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EA4CF2655067C87A" box="[1083,1290,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Angela guianensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A summary of the taxonomy follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EEE0F2D654B4C8E8" blockId="3.[151,666,404,573]" box="[151,473,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EE92F2D654B4C8E8" authority="Serville, 1839" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1839" box="[229,473,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EE92F2D65459C8E8" box="[229,308,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Angela</emphasis>
|
||
Serville, 1839
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3056511FFE95B15EED2F2FA507ECBB5" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EED2F2FA5759C895" blockId="3.[151,666,404,573]" box="[165,564,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EEC3F2F5548DC895" authority="Chopard, 1916" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[180,480,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EEC3F2F5545FC895" box="[180,306,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EF4DF2F5548DC895" author="Chopard, L." box="[314,480,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EF90F2FA5759C895" bold="true" box="[487,564,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">n. syn.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EEE0F29E5480C8B0" blockId="3.[151,666,404,573]" box="[151,493,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EEE0F29E5480C8B0" authority="Rehn, 1906" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,493,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EEE0F29E5408C8B1" box="[151,357,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Angela guianensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EF1BF29E5480C8B0" author="Rehn, J. A. G." box="[364,493,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" pagination="273 - 278" refId="ref2422" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1906) Record and descriptions of non-saltatorial Orthoptera from British Guiana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 58, 262 - 265, 273 - 278." type="journal article" year="1906">Rehn, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EED2F1425746CB5D" blockId="3.[151,666,404,573]" box="[165,555,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EECBF2BD5746CB5D" authority="Chopard, 1911" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1911" box="[188,555,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infuscata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EECBF2BD5412CB5D" box="[188,383,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespis infuscata</emphasis>
|
||
Chopard, 1911
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EED2F16657F7CB79" blockId="3.[151,666,404,573]" box="[165,666,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EECBF166572ACB78" authority="Chopard, 1916" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1916" box="[188,583,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Thespoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EECBF16654F4CB78" box="[188,409,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespoides bolivari</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EFD7F166572ACB78" author="Chopard, L." box="[416,583,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref2156" refString="Chopard, L. (1916) Etude des Mantides Americains. Collection I. Bolivar. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 85, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1916">Chopard, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EC3AF16657F7CB79" bold="true" box="[589,666,548,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F3FFE95B15EC3AF16657F7CB79" box="[589,666,548,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369AFFE95B15EEB0F12E507ECBB5" blockId="3.[151,1436,620,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
In addition, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A48838FFE95B15EFF7F12E54DDCBC1" box="[384,432,620,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15EFACF12E5638CBC0" authority="Chopard, 1911" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1911" box="[475,853,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infuscata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15EFACF12E57CFCBC0" box="[475,674,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Thespis infuscata</emphasis>
|
||
Chopard, 1911
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also deposited at the MNCN was examined. This species is considered to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15ECB3F1D25630CBE2" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[708,861,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15ECB3F1D25630CBE2" box="[708,861,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">A. guianensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EDFBF1CD5137CBED" author="Giglio-Tos, E." box="[908,1114,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" refId="ref2208" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1927) Das Tierreich. Orthoptera-Mantidae. Vol. 50. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, 707 pp." type="book" year="1927">Giglio-Tos (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, an action later accepted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6BFFE95B15EEE0F1F6544BCB88" author="Rehn, J. A. G." box="[151,294,692,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" pagination="167 - 271" refId="ref2463" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1935) The Orthoptera of Costa Rica. Part I. Mantidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 87, 167 - 271." type="journal article" year="1935">Rehn (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that is herein corroborated. Because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D19FFE95B15ECAFF1F6561FCB89" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1906" box="[728,882,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Angela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA88FFE95B15ECAFF1F6561FCB89" box="[728,882,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">A. guianensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rather common species across the Amazon basin, further studies are needed to determine whether or not other synonyms remain to be discovered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |