637 lines
80 KiB
XML
637 lines
80 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0C3DCC4A703494BF155331910E22DC7A">Early-diverging bumblebees from across the roof of the world: the high-mountain subgenus Mendacibombus revised from species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="279696B739D3084AE305FACF3ED01BD3">Williams, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="27D52BE7D27A60FCB4D15EC71BB8851F">Huang, Jiaxing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A72E9C4613BAC357EC715A99FD13F8FA">Rasmont, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9E362FABFEC78B710AF83C6B457254D5">An, Jiandong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BAE309C02D0233BF3D75DCFE10F5C3D9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="BC85EF7D4D82C4D43E880A3AC16828C4">4204</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A661A112FDFB" blockId="39.[151,548,581,640]" box="[151,548,581,607]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0F0612E7C4A332BB090A661A112FDFB" bold="true" box="[151,548,581,607]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A661A112FDFB" bold="true" box="[151,548,581,607]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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5.
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB0B3A661A112FDFB" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[180,548,581,607]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0B3A661A29DFDFB" bold="true" box="[180,427,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus marussinus</emphasis>
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Skorikov
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A332BB090A643A24DFD24" box="[151,379,615,640]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A643A24DFD24" blockId="39.[151,548,581,640]" box="[151,379,615,640]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C4A332BB098A643A3C3FD24" box="[159,245,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C4A332BB106A64CA216FD24" box="[257,288,616,640]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">28</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C4A332BB12CA643A27CFD24" box="[299,330,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1415,299,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right, white bars indicating morphological characters referred to in the key to males: 36, B. waltoni; 37, B. mendax; 38, B. superbus; 39, B. convexus; 40, B. waltoni; 41, B. convexus; 42, B. defector; 43, B. mendax; 44, B. mendax; 45, B. turkestanicus; 46, B. avinoviellus; 47, B. mendax; 48, B. mendax; 49, B. makarjini; 50, B. handlirschianus; 51, B. himalayanus; 52, B. turkestanicus; 53, B. himalayanus; 54, B. himalayanus; 55, B. marussinus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192314/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C4A332BB152A643A244FD24" box="[341,370,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">60</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A695A74AFD40" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C4A332BB090A695A74AFD40" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110423" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Tajikistan" location="East Pamir" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB0A2A694A27CFD62" ID-CoL="MFPJ" box="[165,330,688,710]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0A2A694A27CFD62" box="[165,330,688,710]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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> subsp.
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB1A2A695A1D9FD62" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov 1910b:330" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="330" authorityYear="1910" box="[421,751,688,710]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB1A2A695A12FFD62" box="[421,537,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB21AA694A1F5FD62" author="Skorikov" box="[541,707,688,710]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov 1910b</bibRefCitation>
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:330
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</taxonomicName>
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, type-locality citation (Cyrillic) ‘[
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<location id="8ED880997C4A332BB439A694A78AFD62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C4A332BB439A694A78AFD62" box="[1086,1212,688,710]" country="Tajikistan" name="East Pamir" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">East Pamir</location>
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]’.
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB4D7A694A60DFD62" bold="true" box="[1232,1339,688,710]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB4D7A694A60DFD62" box="[1232,1339,688,710]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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queen by present designation
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<collectionCode id="ED164E877C4A332BB196A6EAA2F3FD40" box="[401,453,718,740]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">ZISP</collectionCode>
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examined, (Cyrillic) ‘[Shugnan, Pamir]’ (Pamir,
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<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C4A332BB3BEA6EAA714FD40" box="[953,1058,718,740]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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). Note 1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A6CAA051FCA7" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,871,749,771]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A6CAA051FCA7" box="[151,871,749,771]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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[
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB098A6C9A19DFCA7" ID-CoL="5FYXD" authority="Skorikov 1910b:330" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="330" authorityYear="1910" box="[159,683,749,771]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mendax" variety="aberrans">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB098A6C9A270FCA7" box="[159,326,749,771]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB17FA6C9A2E2FCA7" box="[376,468,749,771]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">aberrans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB1DDA6C9A149FCA7" author="Skorikov" box="[474,639,749,771]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov 1910b</bibRefCitation>
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:330
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|
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, infrasubspecific.]
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A728A0A8FC86" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,926,780,802]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A728A0A8FC86" box="[151,926,780,802]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB090A728A0ACFC86" author="Skorikov" box="[151,922,780,802]" page="124" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1914">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A728A058FC86" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,878,780,802]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subSpecies="marussinus">
|
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A728A2A2FC86" box="[151,404,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mendacibombus mendax</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB1E7A729A162FC86" box="[480,596,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB267A728A058FC86" author="Skorikov" box="[608,878,780,802]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov); Skorikov 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
:124
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A70EA7A7FCE4" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,1169,810,832]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB090A70EA1C9FCE4" author="Skorikov" box="[151,767,810,832]" page="149" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1923">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A70EA1E5FCE4" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,723,810,832]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A70EA28EFCE4" box="[151,440,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mendacibombus marussinus</emphasis>
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB1C2A70EA1E5FCE4" author="Skorikov" box="[453,723,810,832]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1923) [Palaearctic bumblebees. Part I. General biology (including zoogeography)]. Izvestiya Severnoi oblastnoi stantsii zashchity rastenii ot vreditelei, 4 (1922), 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1923">Skorikov); Skorikov 1923</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
:149
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB30EA70EA0E2FCE4" author="Skorikov" box="[777,980,810,832]" page="215" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB30EA70EA090FCE4" author="Skorikov" box="[777,934,810,832]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:215
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB3D9A70EA7B8FCE4" author="Tkalcu" box="[990,1166,810,832]" page="192" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB3D9A70EA754FCE4" author="Tkalcu" box="[990,1122,810,832]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1969) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans (Sammelergebnisse von O. Jakes 1963 - 64, D. Povolny 1965, D. Povolny & Fr. Tenora 1966, J. Simek 1965 - 66, D. Povolny, J. Geisler, Z. Sebek & Fr. Tenora 1967). Bombinae, Apoidea, Hym. Casopis Moravskeho musea v Brne, 53 (1968), 189 - 210." type="journal article" year="1969">Tkalců 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:192
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A76EA0CEFCFB" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,1016,841,863]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A76EA0CEFCFB" box="[151,1016,841,863]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB098A76DA1B1FCFB" ID-CoL="5FYXD" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[159,647,841,863]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mendax" subSpecies="marussinus" variety="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB098A76DA114FCFB" box="[159,546,841,863]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus mendax marussinus aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB296A76DA00BFCFB" author="Reinig" box="[657,829,841,863]" page="100" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB296A76DA024FCFB" author="Reinig" box="[657,786,841,863]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1930) Untersuchungen zur Kenntnis der Hummelfauna des Pamir - Hochlandes. Zoologische Ergebnisse der deutsch - russischen Alai - Pamir - Expedition der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der U. d. S. S. R. Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere, 17, 68 - 123." type="journal article" year="1930">Reinig 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:100
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, infrasubspecific.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A332BB090A74DA1D3FC1F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A74DA0D4FCDA" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,994,872,894]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A74DA0D4FCDA" box="[151,994,872,894]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB098A74CA142FCDA" box="[159,628,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB098A74CA114FCDA" ID-CoL="5FYXD" box="[159,546,872,894]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mendax" subSpecies="marussinus" variety="aberrans">Bombus mendax marussinus aberrans</taxonomicName>
|
||
zonatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB27CA74CA010FCDA" author="Reinig" box="[635,806,872,894]" page="101" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB27CA74CA1CBFCDA" author="Reinig" box="[635,765,872,894]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1930) Untersuchungen zur Kenntnis der Hummelfauna des Pamir - Hochlandes. Zoologische Ergebnisse der deutsch - russischen Alai - Pamir - Expedition der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der U. d. S. S. R. Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere, 17, 68 - 123." type="journal article" year="1930">Reinig 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, infrasubspecific.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A7A2A0CEFC38" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,1016,902,925]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A7A2A0CEFC38" box="[151,1016,902,925]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A7A2A010FC38" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,806,902,925]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subGenus="Mendacibombus" subSpecies="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A7A2A2CAFC38" box="[151,508,902,924]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus (Mendacibombus) mendax</emphasis>
|
||
Subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB24AA7ACA1F6FC39" box="[589,704,904,925]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB336A7A2A0C2FC38" author="Richards" box="[817,1012,902,924]" page="634" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB336A7A2A0F1FC38" author="Richards" box="[817,967,902,924]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Richards, O. W. (1930) The humble - bees captured on the expeditions to Mt. Everest (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10), 5, 633 - 658." type="journal article" year="1930">Richards 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:634
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A781A1D3FC1F" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,741,933,955]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A781A1D3FC1F" box="[151,741,933,955]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A781A12BFC1F" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,541,933,955]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subSpecies="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A781A281FC1F" box="[151,439,933,955]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus mendax marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB22FA781A1D6FC1F" author="Reinig" box="[552,736,933,955]" page="158" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1932">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB22FA781A180FC1F" author="Reinig" box="[552,694,933,955]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1932 b) Beitrage zur Faunistik des Pamir - Gebietes. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai - Pamir Expedition 1928. Reimer and Vohsen, Berlin." type="book chapter" year="1932" yearSuffix="b">Reinig 1932b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:158
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A332BB090A7E0A7B5FBB3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A7E0A1D1FC5C" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A7E0A1D1FC5C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A7E0A1A3FC7E" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,661,964,986]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A7E0A11CFC7E" box="[151,554,964,986]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus (Mendacibombus) marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB2A3A7E0A056FC7E" author="Reinig" box="[676,864,964,986]" page="258" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1932">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB2A3A7E0A002FC7E" author="Reinig" box="[676,820,964,986]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1932 a) Beitrage zur Faunistik des Pamir - Gebietes. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai - Pamir Expedition 1928. Reimer and Vohsen, Berlin." type="book chapter" year="1932" yearSuffix="a">Reinig 1932a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:258
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB368A7E1A757FC7E" author="Williams" box="[879,1121,964,986]" page="44" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB368A7E1A777FC7E" author="Williams" box="[879,1089,964,986]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">P.H. Williams 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:44
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB476A7E1A655FC7E" author="Williams" box="[1137,1379,964,986]" page="99" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB476A7E1A675FC7E" author="Williams" box="[1137,1347,964,986]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Williams, P. H. (1998) An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (Entomology), 67, 79 - 152. [updated at www. nhm. ac. uk / bombus / accessed 2015]." type="journal article" year="1998">P.H. Williams 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:99
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB576A7E1A257FC5C" author="Williams" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Williams, P. H. (2004) Genus Bombus Latreille. In: R. K. Gupta (Ed), An annotated catalogue of the bee species of the Indian Region. Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, p. Web page providing a list of bumblebees of India and adjacent countries with common synonyms and a summary of their distributions within the region." type="book" year="2004">P.H. Williams 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:no. 28;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB1A8A7C6A143FC5C" author="Suhail" box="[431,629,994,1016]" page="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB1A8A7C6A151FC5C" author="Suhail" box="[431,615,994,1016]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Suhail, A., Sabir, A. M., Asghar, M., Rafi, M. A. & Qadir, A. (2009) Geographic distributional patterns of the genus Bombus (Bombini, Apidae: Hymenoptera) in northern Pakistan. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 2, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Suhail
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB1F1A7C7A11CFC5C" box="[502,554,994,1016]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:3
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[not seen].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A026A7B5FBB3" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,1155,1025,1047]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A026A7B5FBB3" box="[151,1155,1025,1047]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB098A025A11FFBB3" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[159,553,1025,1047]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB098A025A11FFBB3" box="[159,553,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus (Mendacibombus) marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
f.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB243A025A196FBB3" box="[580,672,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB317A025A0F1FBB3" author="Reinig" box="[784,967,1025,1047]" page="258" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1932">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB317A025A0AAFBB3" author="Reinig" box="[784,924,1025,1047]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1932 a) Beitrage zur Faunistik des Pamir - Gebietes. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai - Pamir Expedition 1928. Reimer and Vohsen, Berlin." type="book chapter" year="1932" yearSuffix="a">Reinig 1932a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:258
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, infrasubspecific.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A332BB090A005A767FB92" box="[151,1105,1056,1078]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A005A767FB92" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,1105,1056,1078]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A005A767FB92" box="[151,1105,1056,1078]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB098A004A11FFB92" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[159,553,1056,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB098A004A11FFB92" box="[159,553,1056,1078]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus (Mendacibombus) marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
f.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB243A005A1BEFB92" box="[580,648,1057,1078]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">zonata</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB289A004A0A0FB92" author="Reinig" box="[654,918,1056,1078]" page="258" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1932">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB289A004A05CFB92" author="Reinig" box="[654,874,1056,1078]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1932 a) Beitrage zur Faunistik des Pamir - Gebietes. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai - Pamir Expedition 1928. Reimer and Vohsen, Berlin." type="book chapter" year="1932" yearSuffix="a">Reinig; Reinig 1932a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:258
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, infrasubspecific.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A332BB090A01AA104F9BE" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A01AA0E3FBF0" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" box="[151,981,1086,1109]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A01AA0E3FBF0" box="[151,981,1086,1109]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A01AA2FEFBF0" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,456,1086,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A01AA254FBF1" box="[151,354,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB1D4A01AA1B3FBF0" author="Reinig" box="[467,645,1086,1108]" page="172" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB1D4A01AA16CFBF0" author="Reinig" box="[467,602,1086,1108]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1934) Entomologische Ergebnisse der deutsch - russischen Alai - Pamir - Expedition, 1928 (III). 7. Hymenoptera VIII (Gen. Bombus Fabr.). Nachtrag. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1933, 163 - 174." type="journal article" year="1934">Reinig, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:172
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB297A01AA055FBF0" author="Sabir" box="[656,867,1086,1109]" page="161" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB297A01AA00CFBF0" author="Sabir" box="[656,826,1086,1109]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Sabir, A. M., Suhail, A., Ahmed, S. & Khalid, S. (2011) Diversity of bumblebees (Bombini, Apidae: Hymenoptera) in northern Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 13, 159 - 166." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Sabir
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB2CBA064A1C9FBF0" box="[716,767,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:161
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[not seen].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A079A611FB36" blockId="39.[151,1436,688,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C4A332BB090A079A611FB36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110410" country="Afghanistan" county="Hindu Kush" location="Chodja-Mahomed'" municipality="Kwaja Muhammed" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Badakhshan" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C4A332BB090A079A611FB36" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A079A114FBD7" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[151,546,1117,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A079A114FBD7" box="[151,546,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus (Mendacibombus) marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<subsp.>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB28BA079A0AAFBD7" authority="Reinig 1940:230" authorityName="Reinig" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1940" box="[652,924,1117,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afghanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB28BA079A1DFFBD7" box="[652,745,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">afghanus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C4A332BB2F7A079A0AAFBD7" author="Reinig" box="[752,924,1117,1139]" page="230" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1940">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB2F7A079A046FBD7" author="Reinig" box="[752,880,1117,1139]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hummelfauna von Afghanistan. (Hym., Apid.). (Ergebnisse der Reise von H. und E. Kotzsch in den Hindukusch im Jahre 1936.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1940, 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1940">Reinig 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:230
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C4A332BB482A079A67DFBD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C4A332BB482A079A67DFBD7" box="[1157,1355,1117,1139]" country="Afghanistan" county="Hindu Kush" municipality="Kwaja Muhammed" name="Chodja-Mahomed'" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Badakhshan">Chodja-Mahomed’</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C4A332BB55FA079A272FB36" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kwaja Muhammed</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C318A07C4A332BB149A058A2FAFB36" box="[334,460,1148,1170]" country="Afghanistan" name="Badakhshan" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Badakhshan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C4A332BB1D1A058A162FB36" box="[470,596,1148,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Hindu Kush</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C4A332BB259A058A1E9FB36" box="[606,735,1148,1170]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB2E8A058A074FB36" box="[751,834,1148,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen and male presumed lost by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB4A7A058A615FB36" author="Tkalcu" box="[1184,1315,1148,1170]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1969) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans (Sammelergebnisse von O. Jakes 1963 - 64, D. Povolny 1965, D. Povolny & Fr. Tenora 1966, J. Simek 1965 - 66, D. Povolny, J. Geisler, Z. Sebek & Fr. Tenora 1967). Bombinae, Apoidea, Hym. Casopis Moravskeho musea v Brne, 53 (1968), 189 - 210." type="journal article" year="1969">Tkalců 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB090A09BA104F9BE" blockId="39.[151,1437,1214,2031]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C4A332BB090A09BA264FA77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110414" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="Cryrillic & Toguz-bulak & V. Shugnan & Pam. & Makarin & Cyrillic & Skorikova & Podbolotsk. & M. Podbolotskaya & Skorikov" county="Skorikov" determinerName="PH Williams" location="Note" municipality="east Pamir. The" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C4A332BB090A09BA3FBFB72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C4A332BB090A09BA3FBFB72" box="[151,205,1215,1238]" county="Skorikov" municipality="east Pamir. The" name="Note" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Note</location>
|
||
1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB0F3A09BA245FB72" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[244,371,1215,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0F3A09BA245FB72" box="[244,371,1215,1238]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C4A332BB18BA09AA133FB73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C4A332BB18BA09AA133FB73" box="[396,517,1214,1239]" county="Skorikov" municipality="east Pamir. The" name="Skorikov's" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Skorikov’s</location>
|
||
original description of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB387A09BA736FB72" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[896,1024,1215,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB387A09BA736FB72" box="[896,1024,1215,1238]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cites the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB46AA09BA7ABFB73" box="[1133,1181,1215,1239]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality as
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C4A332BB527A09BA3F5FB5F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">east Pamir. The</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C4A332BB0CDA0C7A232FB5F" box="[202,260,1251,1275]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
collection studied by
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C4A332BB1F9A0C6A153FB5F" box="[510,613,1250,1275]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Skorikov</collectingCounty>
|
||
contains a queen that agrees with the original description and carries the labels: (1) white, printed (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB1BFA122A12CFABB" box="[440,538,1286,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cryrillic</collectorName>
|
||
) ‘[r.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB256A122A1E8FABB" box="[593,734,1286,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Toguz-bulak</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB2F4A123A041FABB" box="[755,887,1286,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">V. Shugnan</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB386A123A08DFABA" box="[897,955,1287,1310]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pam.</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB3C8A122A719FABB" box="[975,1071,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB3C8A122A719FABB" box="[975,1071,1286,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Makarin</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FFB9F0827C4A332BB447A123A7A8FABA" box="[1088,1182,1287,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1924-06-27">24/27.VI</date>
|
||
09.’; (2) white, printed (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB099A10EA3C1FAE7" box="[158,247,1322,1347]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cyrillic</collectorName>
|
||
) ‘[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB11CA10EA29EFAE7" box="[283,424,1322,1347]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
k.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB13FA10EA29EFAE7" box="[312,424,1322,1347]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Skorikova</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
]’; (3) white, handwritten in pencil ‘[illegible] / N 14’; (4) red, handwritten ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB524A108A3C7FAC3" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB524A108A6AAFAE7" box="[1315,1436,1324,1347]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A16AA3C7FAC3" ID-CoL="62H8K" box="[151,241,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bombus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB10BA16AA283FAC3" ID-CoL="MFPJ" authority="Subsp." authorityName="Subsp." box="[268,437,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB10BA16AA283FAC3" box="[268,437,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">mendax subsp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB1D7A16BA1A4FAC3" ID-CoL="MFP3" authority="Skor." authorityName="Skor." box="[464,658,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB1D7A16BA1A4FAC3" box="[464,658,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus Skor.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ design.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB300A16AA0BAFAC3" box="[775,908,1358,1383]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB300A16AA0B3FAC3" box="[775,901,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Podbolotsk</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
’ (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB3AFA16BA74CFAC3" box="[936,1146,1358,1383]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M. Podbolotskaya</collectorName>
|
||
, unpublished); (5) green, printed ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB0F0A156A286FA2F" box="[247,432,1394,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0F0A156A286FA2F" box="[247,432,1394,1419]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ MD# 736 det. PHW’; (6) red, printed ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB37AA157A714FA2F" box="[893,1058,1395,1419]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
[female] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB4A7A156A66FFA2F" ID-CoL="MFPJ" box="[1184,1369,1394,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB4A7A156A66FFA2F" box="[1184,1369,1394,1419]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp. /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A1B3A221FA0A" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[151,279,1431,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A1B3A221FA0A" box="[151,279,1431,1454]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C4A332BB128A1B2A2A1FA0B" box="[303,407,1430,1455]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Skorikov</collectorName>
|
||
, 1910 / det.
|
||
<determinerName id="7E643A867C4A332BB222A1B3A183FA0B" box="[549,693,1430,1455]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">PH Williams</determinerName>
|
||
2012’; (7) white, printed ‘[female]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB449A1B2A79EFA0B" ID-CoL="62H8K" box="[1102,1192,1430,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB449A1B2A79EFA0B" box="[1102,1192,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB4CEA1B2A6B4FA0B" box="[1225,1410,1430,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB4CEA1B2A6B4FA0B" box="[1225,1410,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB090A198A221FA77" ID-CoL="MFP3" box="[151,279,1468,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB090A198A221FA77" box="[151,279,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ det
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C4A332BB15BA19FA104F9BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110408" country="Philippines" location="This" municipality="Skorikov's" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C4A332BB15BA19FA2B6FA76" box="[348,384,1467,1490]" name="Philippines" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
Williams 2012’.
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C4A332BB245A19EA142FA77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C4A332BB245A19EA142FA77" box="[578,628,1466,1491]" country="Philippines" municipality="Skorikov's" name="This" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">This</location>
|
||
specimen, which is complete, is regarded as one of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C4A332BB4BDA19EA605FA77" box="[1210,1331,1466,1491]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Skorikov’s</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB53DA19FA6AAFA77" box="[1338,1436,1467,1491]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(others may have existed, it is unclear) and is designated here as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C4A332BB39DA1FAA737FA53" box="[922,1025,1502,1527]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in order to reduce uncertainty in the identity and application of the name.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C4A3324B0C0A202A097FA94" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB0C0A202A3DCF9C7" blockId="39.[151,1437,1214,2031]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0C0A202A278F99B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1574,1599]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species may be named after a Russian entomologist, P. Marusin, from Tashkent (A. Byvaltsev, in litt.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB0C0A24AA1A6F8B3" blockId="39.[151,1437,1214,2031]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0C0A24AA2C1F923" bold="true" box="[199,503,1646,1671]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Taxonomy and variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The single composite COI sequence supports this as a separate species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C4A332BB53DA24AA6B8F923" box="[1338,1422,1646,1671]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[300,1121,202,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[292,1266,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12. Recognising species from an estimate of phylogeny for 30 unique COI haplotypes of the subgenus Mendacibombus by BEAST, using GMYC models and the PTP procedure. From the GMYC models (11), the single threshold T is shown by the vertical grey bar so that the intersecting lineages are interpreted as indicating 12 separate species (black spots at coalescent nodes; outgroups not shown). Values below the nodes of the maximum clade-credibility tree are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support (groups with values <0.8 are considered unreliable) from the BEAST analysis with two billion MCMC generations and a 1 % burn-in. The x - scale axis is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. From the PTP procedure (12), the Bayesian PTP solution with highest support also indicates 12 species. Values above the nodes are PTP Bayesian support values that all daughter haplotypes are parts of a single species; values below the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support. The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Each unique haplotype is represented by one of the longest available sample sequences, labelled with: the sequence length in number of base pairs, a taxon name or name for an unpublished colour pattern (light / dark / yellow / white / pale), and then a code that consists of a specimen identifier (MD #) from the project database and (after the hyphen) a sample identifier from BOLD or from GenBank, followed with its geographic origin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192308/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interpretation of this taxon as a separate species is also supported by the distinct form of the female labrum and of the male genitalia. This disagrees with earlier concepts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB34EA292A0D3F96B" author="Tkalcu" box="[841,997,1718,1743]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1969) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans (Sammelergebnisse von O. Jakes 1963 - 64, D. Povolny 1965, D. Povolny & Fr. Tenora 1966, J. Simek 1965 - 66, D. Povolny, J. Geisler, Z. Sebek & Fr. Tenora 1967). Bombinae, Apoidea, Hym. Casopis Moravskeho musea v Brne, 53 (1968), 189 - 210." type="journal article" year="1969">Tkalců, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), diagnosed originally in terms of the colour pattern of the hair (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB1B8A2FEA148F957" author="Skorikov" box="[447,638,1754,1779]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov, 1910b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), because the species appears to be not as easily diagnosable by colour (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB0A7A2DBA25EF8B3" box="[160,360,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB0C5A2DBA25EF8B3" box="[194,360,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) as originally understood.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A332BB0C0A306A215F86F" blockId="39.[151,1437,1214,2031]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
All specimens have yellow and none has white hair on the thoracic dorsum or a black band between the wing bases.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C4A332BB0E5A362A29EF8FB" author="Skorikov" box="[226,424,1862,1887]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov (1910b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described females of the taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C4A332BB309A363A0E6F8FA" box="[782,976,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C4A332BB309A363A0BBF8FA" box="[782,909,1863,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="marussinus">marussinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C4A332BB392A363A0E6F8FA" box="[917,976,1863,1886]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the Pamir (MD#736) as having the corbicula framed with light hairs, with T1‒2 light yellow, the side of the thorax yellow above and whitish below, and the ventral side of the metasoma light (yellow). The palest specimens from the Pamir have T2 almost white (MD#1191).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C4A3324B0C0A3F3A24BFEC0" blockId="39.[151,1437,1214,2031]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
For some specimens from further south in the Hindu Kush there is variation in the replacement of yellow with black on T2 and on the lower side of the thorax (Reinig’s taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B378A4B3A0D0FF14" box="[895,998,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afghanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B378A4B3A0D0FF14" box="[895,998,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">afghanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) although we have no COI sequences (from the taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B15FA499A12DFF70" box="[344,539,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B15FA499A2E1FF70" box="[344,471,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="marussinus">marussinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C453324B1E5A499A12DFF70" box="[482,539,189,212]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.) from which to confirm this. Geographically associated males with the two colour patterns share the same diagnostic form of the male genitalia. The form of the female labrum is also diagnostic in grouping the taxa together. These specimens are interpreted as conspecific, as parts of the species
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B583A521A270FEE4" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B583A521A221FEE4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="marussinus">B. marussinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C453324B126A50DA270FEE4" box="[289,326,295,320]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" sensu="lato">s. l</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. (all of our COI sequences come from specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C453324B3DAA503A70AFEE4" box="[989,1084,295,320]" name="Pakistan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
with this dark colour pattern: MD#407, 408, 410).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A54BA0A7FDBC" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C453324B0C0A54BA25CFE2C" author="Tkalcu" box="[199,362,367,392]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1969) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans (Sammelergebnisse von O. Jakes 1963 - 64, D. Povolny 1965, D. Povolny & Fr. Tenora 1966, J. Simek 1965 - 66, D. Povolny, J. Geisler, Z. Sebek & Fr. Tenora 1967). Bombinae, Apoidea, Hym. Casopis Moravskeho musea v Brne, 53 (1968), 189 - 210." type="journal article" year="1969">Tkalců (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subsequently applied the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B2E5A54BA73AFE2C" box="[738,1036,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afghanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B2E5A54BA73AFE2C" box="[738,1036,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mendacibombus afghanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a series of specimens from the Karakorum that, in addition to the dark hair of T2, have darker wings and predominantly black hair on T6 (as opposed to predominantly orange for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B239A59DA1EAFE74" box="[574,732,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B239A59DA1EAFE74" box="[574,732,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), treating them as a separate species. These darker Karakorum specimens (but not those with a similar colour pattern from the Hindu Kush) are interpreted here as likely to be conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B151A625A2CAFDBC" box="[342,508,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B151A625A2CAFDBC" box="[342,508,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. avinoviellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see the comments on that species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A600A097FA94" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B0C0A600A2EFFD99" bold="true" box="[199,473,548,573]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnostic description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings nearly clear (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B2C3A600A0BBFD99" box="[708,909,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B2E0A601A0BBFD99" box="[743,909,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B3A2A600A7D7FD98" box="[933,1249,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Female hair colour pattern:</emphasis>
|
||
generally black, but with yellow hair in a large patch below the base of the antenna, in a small patch on the vertex of the head, on the entire thoracic dorsum (at most with an obscure small round patch of black hairs between the wing bases,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B558A648A210FD0C" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B583A649A210FD0C" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">B. himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and extending laterally and ventrally to half way down the side of the thorax, or to all of the way to the midleg base, on T1, on T2 anteriorly and medially or sometimes all of T2 except for a few black hairs intermixed medially along the posterior margin, T3 varying from orange only as a narrow posterior fringe to orange except for some black hairs anteriorly, and T4‒6 orange, except T6 usually dominated medially by long black hairs. Hindleg tibia with the corbicular fringes often appearing double: hairs on the corbicular surface and in the adjacent fringes are usually black, sometimes with orange tips, but exterior to this, the hair in the outer fringes (anteriorly and posteriorly) may be black or yellow (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B265A74CA0D2FC24" box="[610,996,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B284A74DA002FC24" box="[643,820,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">B. himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B339A74DA0D2FC24" box="[830,996,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B3FCA743A7D3FC24" box="[1019,1253,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Female morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
labrum with the basal depression narrow, the transverse ridge broader medially than the basal depression, in the median third convex throughout, not subsiding completely or interrupted and with only a few scattered medium punctures, the lateral tubercles smooth with very few punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C453324B2D8A7F0A005FC49" box="[735,819,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B348A7F0A7D7FC49" box="[847,1249,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B372A7F1A71FFC49" box="[885,1065,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">B. himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B430A7F1A7D7FC49" box="[1079,1249,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Clypeus in its central half with few scattered punctures, almost as many large as small punctures (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B472A7DCA670FBB4" box="[1141,1350,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B49BA7DDA670FBB4" box="[1180,1350,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B565A7D3A228FB91" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Male morphology</emphasis>
|
||
: genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C453324B199A038A2C6FB90" box="[414,496,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the volsella distally rounded (finger-shaped) and curled back dorsally but not anteriorly; volsella at its broadest near the midpoint of its length, the dorsal surface just distal to this point without a raised curved ridge just inside the inner margin; volsella with the apex broad, broader than the adjacent penisvalve head, but with the apex narrowly produced and finger-like. Gonostylus from the dorsal aspect almost triangular, without a distinct outer distal corner but broadly rounded. Penis-valve inner shoulder located at Ĺ 0.5× the length of the penis valve from the distal end to the broadest point of the spatha; penis valve proximal to the outer shoulder <2× as broad as the penis-valve head; penis-valve breadth just proximal to penis-valve head 0.11× the length of the penis valve distal to the broadest point of the spatha.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C453324B0C0A118A069F988" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A118A6A7FADC" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C453324B0C0A118A6BAFADC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110429" collectingDate="2013-01-01" collectionCode="NHM, RMNH, UMONS, ZISP" country="Afghanistan" location="Material" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="106" specimenCount-male="17" specimenCount-worker="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B0C0A118A282FAF1" bold="true" box="[199,436,1340,1365]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C453324B0C0A118A219FAF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C4A3324B090A661A2E4F9D1:8ED880997C453324B0C0A118A219FAF1" box="[199,303,1340,1365]" country="Afghanistan" name="Material" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material</location>
|
||
examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
9 queens
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C453324B234A118A182FAF1" box="[563,692,1340,1365]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="worker">86 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C453324B2C7A118A01DFAF1" box="[704,811,1340,1365]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="male">17 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C453324B37AA118A73FFAF1" box="[893,1033,1340,1365]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C453324B41FA118A74CFAF1" box="[1048,1146,1340,1365]" name="Pakistan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C453324B4B9A118A61AFAF1" box="[1214,1324,1340,1365]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C453324B547A118A6AEFAF1" box="[1344,1432,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C453324B090A144A3EDFAD3" box="[151,219,1376,1399]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
, PW,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C453324B11BA144A245FAD3" box="[284,371,1376,1399]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C453324B179A144A2D0FADC" box="[382,486,1376,1400]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">UMONS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C453324B1F6A144A119FADC" box="[497,559,1376,1400]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
), with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C453324B27DA144A032FADC" box="[634,772,1375,1400]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sequenced (interpretable sequences listed in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C453324B4FAA17BA6B5FADC" box="[1277,1411,1375,1400]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStart-2="FIGURE 8" captionStart-3="FIGURE 9" captionStart-4="FIGURE 10" captionStart-5="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12" captionStart-6="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1819,1841]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1076,1098]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionStartId-3="13.[151,250,1035,1057]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,250,1786,1808]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,264,1630,1652]" captionStartId-6="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1389,193,1768]" captionTargetBox-1="[351,1242,393,1045]" captionTargetBox-2="[351,1241,1197,1853]" captionTargetBox-3="[217,1366,431,956]" captionTargetBox-4="[155,1436,950,1760]" captionTargetBox-5="[300,1121,202,1610]" captionTargetBox-6="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[168,1412,193,1784]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[340,1247,375,1054]" captionTargetId-2="figure@12.[340,1247,1179,1857]" captionTargetId-3="figure@13.[151,1436,371,1013]" captionTargetId-4="figure@14.[151,1436,950,1764]" captionTargetId-5="figure@15.[292,1266,193,1625]" captionTargetId-6="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionTargetPageId-6="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6. Views of perching males of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus, showing the anteriorly extended antennae and laterally extended wings that are characteristic of their form of male mate-searching behaviour: 1, B. waltoni at Diebu ca 3910 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 2, B. convexus at Diebu ca 3340 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 3, B. avinoviellus at Gulmarg ca 2700 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 16. viii. 1985; 4, B. himalayanus at Apharwat ca 4100 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 30. viii. 1986; 5 ‒ 6, B. margreiteri near Dulan ca 3520 m, Burhan Budai mountains, Qinghai, China, 31. viii. 2010. Photos by PW (Figs 3 – 4 are the best available for these species)." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Frequency of specimen collection by decade among specimens examined for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus excluding B. mendax and B. handlirschianus." captionText-2="FIGURE 8. Plot of (y axis) terminal branch lengths from a tree for 43 unique COI haplotypes obtained with BEAST against (x axis) lengths of the barcode sequences in numbers of nucleotides." captionText-3="FIGURE 9. Map of the global distribution of sites from which samples of the subgenus Mendacibombus have been examined (these bees are unknown from any other regions). Spots are coloured to show the site elevation above sea level (scale in metres to the left). Image showing vegetation, Cartesian orthonormal projection, with north at the top of the map." captionText-4="FIGURE 10. Plot of (y axis) the number of lineages in the BEAST tree (Fig. 11) of unique COI haplotypes excluding outgroups on a log scale against (x axis) time as substitutions per nucleotide. T, the single threshold at maximum likelihood for the change in branching rate from the GMYC models." captionText-5="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12. Recognising species from an estimate of phylogeny for 30 unique COI haplotypes of the subgenus Mendacibombus by BEAST, using GMYC models and the PTP procedure. From the GMYC models (11), the single threshold T is shown by the vertical grey bar so that the intersecting lineages are interpreted as indicating 12 separate species (black spots at coalescent nodes; outgroups not shown). Values below the nodes of the maximum clade-credibility tree are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support (groups with values <0.8 are considered unreliable) from the BEAST analysis with two billion MCMC generations and a 1 % burn-in. The x - scale axis is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. From the PTP procedure (12), the Bayesian PTP solution with highest support also indicates 12 species. Values above the nodes are PTP Bayesian support values that all daughter haplotypes are parts of a single species; values below the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support. The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Each unique haplotype is represented by one of the longest available sample sequences, labelled with: the sequence length in number of base pairs, a taxon name or name for an unpublished colour pattern (light / dark / yellow / white / pale), and then a code that consists of a specimen identifier (MD #) from the project database and (after the hyphen) a sample identifier from BOLD or from GenBank, followed with its geographic origin." captionText-6="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/192303/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/192304/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/192305/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/192306/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/192307/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/192308/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<date id="FFB9F0827C453324B53BA144A6B5FADC" box="[1340,1411,1376,1400]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-01-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFD096A7C453324B53BA144A6B5FADC" box="[1340,1411,1376,1400]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-01-01">1 1–13</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A1A0A069F988" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B0C0A1A0A2C0FA39" bold="true" box="[199,502,1412,1437]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Flower-rich alpine grassland (not seen by us), at elevations 2800‒(3787)‒
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF7BA77C453324B543A1A0A6AAFA38" box="[1348,1436,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="4500.0">4500 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.. A species of the Pamir, Hindu Kush, and Karakorum mountains. There is some overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B4F5A18DA649FA64" box="[1266,1407,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B4F5A18DA649FA64" box="[1266,1407,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Pamir, there is some overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B23CA1E9A1D8FA41" box="[571,750,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B23CA1E9A1D8FA41" box="[571,750,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. turkestanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Pamir and Hindu Kush, and there is some overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C453324B090A1D5A27FF9AC" box="[151,329,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B090A1D5A27FF9AC" box="[151,329,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the northwestern Karakorum, but in these cases the two seldom occur together. A regional distribution map is available for Kashmir (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C453324B273A230A065F988" author="Williams" box="[628,851,1556,1581]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">P.H. Williams 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C453324B0C0A213A2E4F9D1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A213A2D3F9F4" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" box="[199,485,1591,1616]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B0C0A213A26DF9F4" bold="true" box="[199,347,1591,1616]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Food plants.</emphasis>
|
||
No records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C453324B0C0A278A2E4F9D1" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,1653]" box="[199,466,1628,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C453324B0C0A278A27EF9D1" bold="true" box="[199,328,1628,1653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
No records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |