125 lines
12 KiB
XML
125 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="EEDB797E24C6F8B5CB9C6F11D21FEAAC" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a15ec661-e796-4207-8509-756590c75c0e" ID-PMC="PMC4389221" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-493-1" ID-PubMed="25878545" ID-ZooBank="1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-493-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 493" ModsDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1451244490299" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2015" docId="03A979AAFF3DE4677390389B58FA6281" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 493: 1-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 493" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" docTitle="Tylosema Kieffer 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="DD2DFF8EFFC4FFA2FFD7FFE4FFB46007" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1701316059099" updateUser="plazi">
|
|
<mods:mods id="3FDE1074CFFFC2259D8852BC36667277" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="65FFB29DD53A8C602E00D0033908B955">
|
|
<mods:title id="542CF350F201B651249DD9BFBE167087">Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="5D964E25EAEB3DF0CA762107324FF995" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="B1AA16DBF31220CA8AF894273EAEF5EC">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="F2554CB590087890280DD837930DD6D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="05E692BD865B11AD026695B8E9B57359">Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="4B9B4E073BE34D12D9E75FE803362CEA" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="85EC4234A36C67871A9589B9242BC8A5">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="421B03C5F36E721B4292EE8F70C72883">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="40B03EFF1FDF60932DF890315C5D7CEA">Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="66DC21754D5893EA1DAEEE9D452B5C5B" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="0CEC2B7B3A1F30471E78299C3F226C2A">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="12444E0DE7C15EF20DE44F4E0285EA95">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="FB9080F6A6565638DAE4B611ED747790">Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="8422EC41009BA243C818E36A09E1EF27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="77AA5738EE7AB350662D4CE013720548" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="5DBECE8521AB26CFB4DE32F68B499856">
|
|
<mods:title id="7CDD5A3836859A57595CF19E01C75CE0">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="FEEC2BBD1130187A213F64E4E0B59A48">
|
|
<mods:date id="8D51E30EB5C858D719506BAA2A6F2D4B">2015</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="8F2569A8782B1E0A57B125ABD4F0EAAA" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="50326913766FF54A39454525A1EBC96B">493</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="BBA291FDEF517CDB3A60AFDB974DF16A" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="01A8C03B2C161FA1C316B65A85C9E839">1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="7379873A639AE57737B75BA15D529B85">176</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="1D5ED99D329991225E4B82A269A2F57A">
|
|
<mods:url id="2AC44E280375C5F8B2285A40F33AFCE7">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="EC83FB2E05F258958EE40BB52B6B400C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="6DC8011525AA3F3F34448283BC626E63" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="E058A3BAC44BCFC684F0206FD03A92C5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-493-1</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="CD1F41BFDACD1A060A085315E49954BD" type="ZooBank">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="03A979AAFF3DE4677390389B58FA6281" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059234" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A979AAFF3DE4677390389B58FA6281" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A979AAFF3DE4677390389B58FA6281" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<subSubSection id="18DFA42F82842552D987B990C9C36B33" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="multiple">
|
|
<paragraph id="F553ED5B2FD0FD45757E8695A0A6005D" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<pageBreakToken id="9A9270E0CB662A3D53E40B59D10F9C0F" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
|
classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="2B350A9E12DA08631647FDFBA4A39820" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="4F5E68B94B03372AAD13A9F2780E8EB2" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E94A518A11AE9FD4093387642F9F6EF7" ID-CoL="9CMBN" authority="Kieffer, 1905" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1905" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema" order="Fabales" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tylosema Kieffer, 1905</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="FDC7777C1A408012D1788502F5E58832" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="A7C67FB6BC8B4B0C7DD840A9BB135653" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C611C5BF83D581883481BE45252B7D8B" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Revised by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C22D3E6CCC355D470CD6FD704C509F00" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 30" title="A world revision of the Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species." volume="1392" year="2007">Buffington and van Noort (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="685E638FE6DFF2EACE157625BA541913" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="556E618B72A6B5CA08E7F9933098E915" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B93A0AB6207CCAD1E816BF53E462AA94" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Within the Afrotropical region,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="02E7AD95C8D81775ED865BE2B6A1413C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<pageBreakToken id="9615E8794FE4D667F1468C582B643288" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" start="start">Tylosema</pageBreakToken>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be confused with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="341B7DFD775EEA101A300AFAC475CE08" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pycnostigmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B661D1820E0CC505ACFCD33E37379398" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pycnostigmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus</taxonomicName>
|
|
lack notauli on the mesoscutum, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="634F84E1DEF8BCADDFACC29BEFAFAFD2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tylosema</taxonomicName>
|
|
have complete notauli; this is very easy to observe and the character is reliable. Outside the Afrotropical region,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="21583CD0D8E81AE8614DAAC52194F2E5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tylosema</taxonomicName>
|
|
could be confused with the Palearctic
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A2FB4BAA0683D55DAE95BC768D3FB192" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trjapitziniola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trjapitziniola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trjapitziniola</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but this latter taxon lacks notauli, and has not been recorded from Africa (but see above).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CA0F4EC89C3C6679D467B600A0D70362" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema nigerrimum" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigerrimum">Tylosema nigerrimum</taxonomicName>
|
|
was taken in Algeria, indicating this taxon is present in Mediterranean Africa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="6223174391F1A5B26F06D61ADCF198F6" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
<paragraph id="4B4E4140213246F91875089A2F5E04D7" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
Figure 50.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9EEB57EA497D2A77FAAEBBD485BDFC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema dayae" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayae">Tylosema dayae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C head, anterior view.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="76834127E2D0DF176BF0FB40A18842E2" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="9146DBB2B3D50098BCB18254F434D1C0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="59659F0D1E45BEB7DC5893680B5EB0C7" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
Occurs in South Africa as well as in southwestern Palearctic (north Africa). Afrotropical records: South Africa (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="30E057A6FF9635103916ED3BD5A03DBB" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 30" title="A world revision of the Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species." volume="1392" year="2007">Buffington and van Noort 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6D0449C67B37242D3AE02EDFFAF60C38" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="biology">
|
|
<paragraph id="09EAD45643C50D84A8ABA3C3F95335A2" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Biology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7EAB8572DC348A8E10DB6815C3A1B298" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
Unknown. The phylogeny of
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="474ABDCFB5EECBE569E3A27068394B0C" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="287 - 304" title="Divergence estimates and early evolutionary history of Figitidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00617.x" volume="37" year="2012">Buffington et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggest the host might be a gall-inducing hymenopteran.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F94C3FFD50E26D84601ECFE683CFE9E1" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="species richness">
|
|
<paragraph id="F8104875C28C0D1305D75F5D85D06127" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Species richness.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1DCA0B7D48EC4F47DA8A19360B36EBE4" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EE43B5E3CE7441595E51105AD4CFFA73" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema dayae" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayae">Tylosema dayae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E253238F3E497FA730CB1E9594E0C0CC" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B591D1A244A41B48B6A49BDC1511F280" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema ronquisti" order="Fabales" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronquisti">Tylosema ronquisti</taxonomicName>
|
|
Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |