177 lines
31 KiB
XML
177 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="2028894D8921C6B3C01C4BDDF4AD1D3C" ID-CLB-Dataset="172789" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5199.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="561bf1b4-29e4-4e1c-af72-131229c72f47" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7251761" ID-ZooBank="61CD7E40-DD47-4FAC-A880-42B505A84AE8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666769533449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stiller, Michael & Webb, Michael D." docDate="2022" docId="03D987B7FFC4FF838FB9DC34FE807670" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5199.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5199 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5199.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bonaspeiini Zahniser & Dietrich 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFE0FFCFFFC0FF878F2EDE08FFCE7356" masterDocTitle="Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1699408237171" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="778B3F50AA679E29CF5AC927439C6A67">Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7788A25258E9CAB4BFBE0E3066E76805">Webb, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E71CE1F1311CF985A7B873AEF8E2F0FD">2022</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36A1FFC4FF838FB9DC34FD607100" blockId="4.[151,686,572,598]" box="[151,686,572,598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="D08781CDFFC4FF838FB9DC34FD607100" bold="true" box="[151,686,572,598]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD110B0FFC4FF838FB9DC34FD667100" author="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H." box="[151,680,572,598]" page="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="2013">
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838FB9DC34FD667100" authority="Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013: 50" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,680,572,598]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Bonaspeiini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Bonaspeiini
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838E1FDC34FD667100" author="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H." box="[305,680,572,598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref52710" refString="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H. (2013) A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 45, 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="2013">Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013: 50</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36A652AFFC4FF838FB9DC8CFBEB70CC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36A1FFC4FF838FB9DC8CFBEB70CC" blockId="4.[151,1437,644,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FB9DC8CFEC471C8" bold="true" box="[151,266,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838E90DC8CFD2171C8" author="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H." box="[446,751,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref52710" refString="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H. (2013) A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 45, 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="2013">Zahniser & Dietrich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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. Medium sized leafhoppers; forewings often submacropterous (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838FB1DCA0FF227194" box="[159,236,680,706]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1413,518,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-137@17.[151,1435,489,1704]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, aedeagus, laterally. E, aedeagus, shaft apex, posteriorly. F, pygofer, lobe, laterally. G, style. H, connective. I, tegmina. J, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
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) to brachypterous (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838EE6DCA0FDFC7194" box="[456,562,680,706]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,361,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-67@25.[151,1435,345,1676]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Colistra bucapitatus sp. n., line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate. D, pygofer lobe laterally. E, connective, a–b, width across stem, c–d, width across arms, e, length stem, f, length arms. F, connective, Cedarberg specimen. G–K, aedeagus laterally. G, Papkuilsvlei specimen. H, Natures Valley specimen. I, Keurboom specimen. J, Caledon specimen. K, Remhoogte specimen. L, style, a, apophysis length, sagittal plane, a–b, midsection, b–c, basal length, d–e, angle of apophysis. M, tegmina. N, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 11M</figureCitation>
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) and in the former, hind wings strap-like (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838B23DCA0FBAF7195" box="[1037,1121,680,707]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1413,518,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-137@17.[151,1435,489,1704]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, aedeagus, laterally. E, aedeagus, shaft apex, posteriorly. F, pygofer, lobe, laterally. G, style. H, connective. I, tegmina. J, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 7J</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838B40DCA0FB6D7194" box="[1134,1187,680,706]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1289,1313]" captionTargetBox="[182,1388,214,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@44.[164,1423,181,1265]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 17. Proekoides postspina sp. n., line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, style. E, aedeagus, anteriorly. F, aedeagus, apex, laterally. G, aedeagus, laterally. H, aedeagus, posteriorly. I, pygofer lobe, laterally. J, pygofer lobe, dorsally. K, connective. L, tegmina. M, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251795/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">17M</figureCitation>
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) and in the latter hind wings reduced in size (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838EB6DCC4FE3371B0" box="[408,509,716,742]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,361,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-67@25.[151,1435,345,1676]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Colistra bucapitatus sp. n., line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate. D, pygofer lobe laterally. E, connective, a–b, width across stem, c–d, width across arms, e, length stem, f, length arms. F, connective, Cedarberg specimen. G–K, aedeagus laterally. G, Papkuilsvlei specimen. H, Natures Valley specimen. I, Keurboom specimen. J, Caledon specimen. K, Remhoogte specimen. L, style, a, apophysis length, sagittal plane, a–b, midsection, b–c, basal length, d–e, angle of apophysis. M, tegmina. N, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 11N</figureCitation>
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) or absent. Connective wider than long (
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838CE8DCC4FBEC71B0" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1961" box="[966,1058,716,742]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Colistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838CE8DCC4FBEC71B0" box="[966,1058,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colistra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838B06DCC4FBB071B1" box="[1064,1150,716,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1413,518,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-137@17.[151,1435,489,1704]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, aedeagus, laterally. E, aedeagus, shaft apex, posteriorly. F, pygofer, lobe, laterally. G, style. H, connective. I, tegmina. J, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838BA2DCC4FAC771B0" box="[1164,1289,716,742]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Proekoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838BA2DCC4FAC771B0" box="[1164,1289,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Proekoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838A3EDCC4FA5B71B0" box="[1296,1429,716,742]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[239,1349,196,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[226,1361,181,1782]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 16. Proekoides species, line drawings, male genitalia. A–E, aedeagus, laterally. A, P. hawekwae Stiller, 1986. B, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. C, P. piketensis Stiller, 1986. D, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. E, P. postspina sp. n. F–J, aedeagus, posteriorly. F, P. hawekwae Stiller, 1986. G, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. H, P. piketensis Stiller, 1986. I, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. J, P. postspina sp. n. K–O, connective. K, P. hawekwae Stiller, 1986. L, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. M, P. piketensis Stiller, 1986. N, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. O, P. postspina sp. n. P–T, style. P, P. hawekwae Stiller, 1986. Q, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. R, P. piketensis Stiller, 1986. S, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. T, P. postspina sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251793/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 16K–O</figureCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838FB9DCF8FF3E705C" box="[151,240,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Proekes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FB9DCF8FF3E705C" box="[151,240,752,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Proekes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838FD5DCF8FEAD705C" box="[251,355,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,202,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-24@56.[151,1435,181,1643]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 23. Proekes cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), male, line drawings inTheron 1975 and additional drawings. A–I, Theron, 1975. A, head dorsally. B, head, laterally. C, pygofer lobe and anal tube, laterally. D, subgenital plate, in part, ventrally. E, aedeagus, laterally. F, aedeagus, anteriorly. G, style, dorsally. H, connective. I, tegmina. J–U, additional drawings. J, genital capsule, dorsally. K, subgenital plate and valve, ventrally. L–Q, aedeagus. L, laterally, Hawekwa specimen. M, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. N, anteriorly, Fisantekraal specimen. O–Q, laterally, anteriorly, posteriorly, Verlorenvlei specimen. R, genital capsule, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. S, pygofer lobe, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. T, hind wing, male, Fisantekraal specimen. U, tegmina, male, Fisantekraal specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251807/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 23H</figureCitation>
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) with arms strongly divergent with stem often very short (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838B38DCF8FBBC705C" box="[1046,1138,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1413,518,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-137@17.[151,1435,489,1704]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, aedeagus, laterally. E, aedeagus, shaft apex, posteriorly. F, pygofer, lobe, laterally. G, style. H, connective. I, tegmina. J, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
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) or absent; equidistant in
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838FB9DD1CFF3D7078" authority="Stiller & Webb, 2022" authorityName="Stiller & Webb" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,243,788,814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Xhoreus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FB9DD1CFF3D7078" box="[151,243,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xhoreus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FD0DD1CFE9E7078" bold="true" box="[254,336,788,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C8FFC4FF838FD0DD1CFE9E7078" box="[254,336,788,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838E74DD1CFE0B7078" box="[346,453,788,814]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,289,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-62@49.[151,1436,273,1434]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 20.Xhoreus ulosentus sp. n., line drawings, male.A, genital capsule, dorsally.B, genital capsule, laterally.C, subgenital plate. D, style, dorsally. E, style, laterally. F, aedeagus, laterally. G, aedeagus, shaft apex, laterally. H, aedeagus, shaft, atrium and preatrium, dorsally. I, aedeagal process, apex, dorsolaterally. J, aedeagus, shaft apex, laterocaudally. K, connective. L, tegmina. M, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251801/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 20K</figureCitation>
|
||
; rarely longer than wide (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838C01DD1CFBF47078" authority="Theron, 1974" authorityName="Theron" authorityYear="1974" box="[815,1082,788,814]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Hadroca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838C01DD1CFC5C7078" box="[815,914,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hadroca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838CB2DD1CFBF47078" author="Theron, J. G." box="[924,1082,788,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref52336" refString="Theron, J. G. (1974) The Naude species of South African Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) III. Species assigned to the genera Chlorotettix Van Duzee, Thamnotettix Zetterstedt, Euscelis Brulle, Scaphoideus Uhler and Selenocephalus Germar. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 37, 147 - 166." type="journal article" year="1974">Theron, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Male pygofer usually deeply incised (dorsal bridge very short e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838D79DD30FD7D7004" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1961" box="[599,691,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Colistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838D79DD30FD7D7004" box="[599,691,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colistra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838DEADD30FC8F7005" box="[708,833,824,851]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1413,518,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-137@17.[151,1435,489,1704]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate, ventrally. D, aedeagus, laterally. E, aedeagus, shaft apex, posteriorly. F, pygofer, lobe, laterally. G, style. H, connective. I, tegmina. J, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838C7EDD31FB547004" authority="Linnavuori, 1961" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1961" box="[848,1178,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Bonaspeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838C7EDD31FC087004" box="[848,966,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bonaspeia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838CFCDD30FB547004" author="Linnavuori, R." box="[978,1178,824,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="452 - 486" refId="ref51806" refString="Linnavuori, R. (1961) Hemiptera (Homoptera) Cicadellidae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life, Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, 8, 452 - 486." type="journal article" year="1961">Linnavuori, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838B84DD30FF1F7020" authority="Linnavuori, 1961" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caffrolix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838B84DD30FAC07004" box="[1194,1294,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caffrolix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838A37DD30FF1F7020" author="Linnavuori, R." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="452 - 486" refId="ref51806" refString="Linnavuori, R. (1961) Hemiptera (Homoptera) Cicadellidae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life, Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, 8, 452 - 486." type="journal article" year="1961">Linnavuori, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838FF0DD54FDCE7020" authority="Davies, 1987" authorityName="Davies" authorityYear="1987" box="[222,512,860,886]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Curvostylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FF0DD54FEAA7020" box="[222,356,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Curvostylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838E45DD54FDCE7020" author="Davies, D. M." box="[363,512,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="437 - 452" refId="ref51720" refString="Davies, D. M. (1987) Athysanini (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) described from Southern Africa. I. The genera Bonaspeia Linnavuori and Curvostylus gen. nov. Phytophylactica, 19, 437 - 452." type="journal article" year="1987">Davies, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with segment 10 large (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838C45DD54FC097020" authority="Stiller & Webb, 2022" authorityName="Stiller & Webb" authorityYear="2022" box="[875,967,860,886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Xhoreus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838C45DD54FC097020" box="[875,967,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xhoreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838CE0DD54FBD07020" bold="true" box="[974,1054,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C8FFC4FF838CE0DD54FBD07020" box="[974,1054,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Ovipositor sometimes distinctly protruding far beyond pygofer apex, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838D45DD88FD0A70CC" box="[619,708,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Proekes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838D45DD88FD0A70CC" box="[619,708,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Proekes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838DFDDD88FC9D70CD" box="[723,851,896,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[235,1357,183,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-19@55.[230,1358,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 22. Proekes species habitus views. A–I, P. cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), male, female and nymph. A, male, dorsally, Hawekwa specimen. B, male, dorsally, Fisantekraal specimen. C, female, dorsally, Slagboom specimen. D, female, dorsally, Caledon specimen. E, F, nymphs, pale and dark Fisantekraal specimens, respectively. G, female terminalia, ventrally, Caledon specimen. H, head and pronotum dorsally, Slagboom specimen. I, female, face, Caledon specimen. P. hemiplatyphalis sp. n., female, male and nymph. J, K, female, dorsally, laterally respectively. L, male, dorsally. M, nymph. A–G, J–M, scale=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251805/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 22F–J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838C70DD88FC4970CC" box="[862,903,896,922]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="57.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[233,1369,187,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-19@57.[212,1376,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 24. Proekes cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), line drawings, female. A, sternite 7. B, valvifer 1, laterally. C, valvifer 1, laterally. D, valvifer 2, laterally. E, valvifer 2, sculpture. F, valvifer 2, sculpture. G, valvifer 1, dorsally. H, valvula 1. I, valvula 2. J, genital capsule, laterally. K, valvula 1, apex, laterally. L, valvula 1, midsection, laterally. M, valvula 2, apex sculpture, laterally. N, valvula 2, midsection sculpture, dorsally. O, valvula 2, midsection, detail of sculpture, dorsally. P, valvula 3, setae. Q, tegmina. R, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251810/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">24J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A24FFC4FF838CBDDD88FBC770CC" box="[915,1033,896,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,294,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-56@67.[151,1436,294,1914]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 27. Proekes species habitus images, dorsally and laterally. A–D, P. tetracaphalis sp. n. A, male, dorsally, dark. B, male, dorsally, light. C, female, dorsally. D, female, laterally. E–H, P. diacaphalis sp. n. E, male, dorsally. F, male, laterally. G, female, dorsally. H, female, laterally." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251816" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251816/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27C, D, G</figureCitation>
|
||
,).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A652AFFC4FF838FE9DDACFE807670" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36A1FFC4FF838FE9DDACFE807670" blockId="4.[151,1437,644,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAB3FFC4FF838FE9DDACFEF570E8" bold="true" box="[199,315,932,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838E9ADDACFDF370E8" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[436,573,932,958]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bonaspeiini">Bonaspeiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, like many other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838C28DDACFC7270E8" authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1870" box="[774,956,932,958]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deltocephalinae">Deltocephalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
tribes, is poorly defined morphologically, there being no unique characters found in all genera. The characters noted in the above diagnosis are a reduced set compared to that given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838EE6DDE4FCCC7750" author="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H." box="[456,770,1004,1030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref52710" refString="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H. (2013) A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 45, 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="2013">Zahniser & Dietrich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Of the characters used by these authors to define the tribe the color range of ivory, greenish, or brownish is considered too wide ranging to be diagnostic. In addition, the absence of transverse carinae on the fore margin of the head (a situation found in most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838B5EDA3CFAE67718" authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1870" box="[1136,1320,1076,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deltocephalinae">Deltocephalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was only mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B50FFC4FF838E18DA50FDA97724" author="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H." box="[310,615,1112,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref52710" refString="Zahniser, J. N. & Dietrich, C. H. (2013) A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 45, 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="2013">Zahniser & Dietrich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
because it is a diagnostic character for Selenocephalini, which was paired with some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838E3DDA74FE5777C0" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[275,409,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bonaspeiini">Bonaspeiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
in molecular studies (pers. com. J. Zahniser). A group of genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D22FFC4FF838BBBDA74FAD077C0" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[1173,1310,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bonaspeiini">Bonaspeiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (including those studied here) have reduced wings but this could be due to convergent evolution and habitat but the strap-like hind wings found in all submacropterous forms is unusual. Based on the above findings, the validity of the tribe awaits further studies on the many other similar new genera and species which have been found in the Savanna and Fynbos Biomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |