315 lines
32 KiB
XML
315 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9de00312-de60-4225-b363-69a9b45493db" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-43-45" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" ID-ZBK="400C0A045BB046539A87535B5CA22D0C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575063" ID-ZooBank="400C0A045BB046539A87535B5CA22D0C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1314-2607-43-45" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43" ModsDocTitle="Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)" checkinTime="1451252215265" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Talamas, Elijah J., Johnson, Norman F. & Buffington, Matthew" docDate="2015" docId="819208C7BA6625F9E918FB5597C3AEC3" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 43: 45-110" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43" docPubDate="2015-03-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560" docTitle="Trissolcus cultratus Talamas & Johnson & Buffington 2015, comb. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" masterDocTitle="Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1678745954541" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Talamas, Elijah J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-6345</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">billy.jenkins@GMAIL.COM</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, Norman F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-5187</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-3861</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-03-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>43</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
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<mods:end>110</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-43-45</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575063</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152018045" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819208C7BA6625F9E918FB5597C3AEC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/819208C7BA6625F9E918FB5597C3AEC3" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A89F2A0A-A4E4-539B-83EE-74948ABBE3BB" authority="(Mayr)" authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus" status="comb. rev.">Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="19" pageNumber="64">comb. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. 25 17 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, lateral view 18 T. occiduus, female (USNMENT 00764995), mesosoma, lateral view 19 Trissolcus cultratus, female (USNMENT 00764850), head and mesosoma, dorsolateral view 20 T. euschisti, female (OSUC 523871), mesosoma, lateral view 21 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, posterolateral view 22 T. hullensis, female (OSUC 523881), mesosoma, dorsolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40938" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="65" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
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19
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</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–51" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 50 - 51. 33 Trissolcus cultratus 50 female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 51 female (USNMENT 00764850), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures50-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40946" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">, 50-51</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 52 - 55. 34 52 T. cultratus, female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, anterolateral view 53 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterolateral view 54 T. cultratus, female (USNMENT 00675734), head, anterior view 55 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterior view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures52-55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40947" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">, 52</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 52 - 55. 34 52 T. cultratus, female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, anterolateral view 53 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterolateral view 54 T. cultratus, female (USNMENT 00675734), head, anterior view 55 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterior view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures52-55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40947" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">, 54</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Telenomus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus" status="comb. rev.">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="65" start="start">Telenomus</pageBreakToken>
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cultratus
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</taxonomicName>
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Mayr, 1879: 699, 701, 703 (original description, keyed, synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Kozlov, MA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="188 - 223" refId="B44" refString="Kozlov, MA, 1968. . Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 52: 188 - 223" volume="52" year="1968">Kozlov (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kozlov, MA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="188 - 223" refId="B44" refString="Kozlov, MA, 1968. . Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 52: 188 - 223" volume="52" year="1968">Kozlov 1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 200 (junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes" status="comb. rev.">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Trissolcus flavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Thomson)).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" class="Trematoda" family="Scelionidae" genus="Aphanurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanurus Cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="Cultratus" status="comb. rev.">Aphanurus Cultratus</taxonomicName>
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(Mayr):
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<bibRefCitation author="Kieffer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie," pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 160" refId="B41" refString="Kieffer, JJ, 1912. Proctotrypidae (3e partie). Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie, 11: 1 - 160" title="Proctotrypidae (3 e partie)." volume="11" year="1912">Kieffer 1912</bibRefCitation>
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: 70 (description, generic transfer).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Microphanurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microphanurus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus" status="comb. rev.">Microphanurus cultratus</taxonomicName>
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(Mayr):
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<bibRefCitation author="Kieffer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" refId="B42" refString="Kieffer, JJ, 1926. . Das Tierreich Vol. 48" title="Das Tierreich" volume="Vol. 48" year="1926">Kieffer 1926</bibRefCitation>
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: 91, 95 (description, generic transfer, keyed);
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<bibRefCitation author="Nixon, GEJ" journalOrPublisher="Arbeiten ueber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem" pageId="45" pageNumber="90" pagination="129 - 136" refId="B62" refString="Nixon, GEJ, 1939. Parasites of hemipterous grain-pests in Europe (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea). Arbeiten ueber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem 6: 129 - 136" title="Parasites of hemipterous grain-pests in Europe (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea)." volume="6" year="1939">Nixon 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 130, 133 (description, keyed);
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<bibRefCitation author="Rjachovsky, VV" journalOrPublisher="Ukrainskii Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Zashchity Rastenii" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="76 - 88" refId="B66" refString="Rjachovsky, VV, 1959. . Ukrainskii Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Zashchity Rastenii 8: 76 - 88" volume="8" year="1959">Rjachovsky 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 83 (keyed).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Asolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asolcus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus" status="comb. rev.">Asolcus cultratus</taxonomicName>
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(Mayr):
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<bibRefCitation author="Masner, L" journalOrPublisher="Control, Prague" pageId="45" pageNumber="90" pagination="375 - 382" refId="B53" refString="Masner, L, 1959. Some problems of the taxonomy of the subfamily Telenominae (Hym. Scelionidae). Trans. I. Int. Conf. Insect Pathology and Biol. Control, Prague 1958: 375 - 382" title="Some problems of the taxonomy of the subfamily Telenominae (Hym. Scelionidae). Trans. I. Int. Conf. Insect Pathology and Biol." volume="1958" year="1959">Masner 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 378 (diagnosis, variation);
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<bibRefCitation author="Delucchi, VL" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de la Recherche Agronomique" pageId="43" pageNumber="88" pagination="41 - 67" refId="B15" refString="Delucchi, VL, 1961. Le complexe des Asolcus Nakagawa (Microphanurus Kieffer) (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea) parasites oophages des punaises des cereales au Maroc et au Moyen-Orient. Cahiers de la Recherche Agronomique 14: 41 - 67" title="Le complexe des Asolcus Nakagawa (Microphanurus Kieffer) (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea) parasites oophages des punaises des cereales au Maroc et au Moyen-Orient." volume="14" year="1961">Delucchi 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 44, 51 (description, keyed).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus" status="comb. rev.">Trissolcus cultratus</taxonomicName>
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(Mayr):
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<bibRefCitation author="Safavi, M" journalOrPublisher="Entomophaga" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="381 - 495" refId="B68" refString="Safavi, M, 1968. Etude biologique et ecologique des hymenopteres parasites des oeufs des punaises de cereales. Entomophaga 13: 381 - 495" title="Etude biologique et ecologique des hymenopteres parasites des oeufs des punaises de cereales." volume="13" year="1968">Safavi 1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 414 (keyed);
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<bibRefCitation author="Szabo, JB" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="265 - 278" refId="B71" refString="Szabo, JB, 1975. Neue Gattungen und Arten der palaearktischen Telenominen (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 67: 265 - 278" title="Neue Gattungen und Arten der palaearktischen Telenominen (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)." volume="67" year="1975">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Szabó">Szabo</normalizedToken>
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1975
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 266, 267 (description, lectotype designation, keyed).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Trissolcus cultratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily distinguished from other members of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas & Johnson & Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Trissolcus flavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group treated here by the parallel arched rugae on the frons between the anterior ocellus and the antennal scrobe. This species also lacks a well-developed orbital furrow near the malar sulcus, and by this character it may be separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. brochymenae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochymenae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">T. brochymenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. edessae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edessae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">T. edessae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. euschisti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euschisti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">T. euschisti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">T. japonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="link to distribution map">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Link to distribution map.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">[http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=13182]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="associations">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Associations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
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Emerged from egg of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Poda" baseAuthorityYear="1761" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Carpocoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carpocoris pudicus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudicus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Carpocoris pudicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Poda): [
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
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]; emerged from egg of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Eurygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurygaster" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Eurygaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Laporte: [
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
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:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scutelleridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
]; collected near eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Moraceae" genus="Raphigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Raphigaster nebulosa" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nebulosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Raphigaster nebulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Poda): [
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
]; emerged from egg of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Moraceae" genus="Raphigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Raphigaster nebulosa" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nebulosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Raphigaster nebulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Poda): [
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
]; on leaf of maple: [
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Sapindales</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Aceraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Aceraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
]; collected near mulberry: [
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="order">Urticales</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Moraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="material examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Lectotype, female:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="66" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: (122 females, 13 males, 4 sex unrecorded)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">AUSTRIA:</emphasis>
|
||
5 females, 2 sex unrecorded, USNMENT00979612, USNMENT00979613 (CUIC); OSUC 75765-75767 (OSUC); USNMENT00675943, USNMENT00675944 (USNM).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">CHINA:</emphasis>
|
||
2 females, UCRC ENT 142635, 143817 (UCRC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">CZECH REPUBLIC:</emphasis>
|
||
1 female, 3 males, USNMENT00896311, USNMENT00896312, USNMENT00896313, USNMENT00896314 (CNCI).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">FRANCE:</emphasis>
|
||
4 females, OSUC 75753-75756 (OSUC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">HUNGARY:</emphasis>
|
||
3 females, 1 sex unrecorded, OSUC 75771-75773, 75783 (OSUC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">JAPAN:</emphasis>
|
||
32 females, 5 males, OSUC 144472-144480, 542363, 542374, 542412, 542415, USNMENT00896136, USNMENT00896138, USNMENT00896140, USNMENT00896305, USNMENT00896307-USNMENT00896309, USNMENT00896315, USNMENT00896339, USNMENT00896341 (CNCI); OSUC 75784, 75786-75788 (OSUC); UCRC ENT 297012 (UCRC); USNMENT00675730-USNMENT00675737, USNMENT00764849 (USNM).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">RUSSIA:</emphasis>
|
||
34 females, USNMENT00896048, USNMENT00896049, USNMENT00896050-USNMENT00896054, USNMENT00896074, USNMENT00896075, USNMENT00979282-USNMENT00979286, USNMENT00979289 (CNCI); UCRC ENT 110944, 110951, 110963, 110983, 110985, 110992, 111001-111003, 111009, 111011, 111066, 111078, 133622, 297001-297003, 297009, 297013 (UCRC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">SOUTH KOREA:</emphasis>
|
||
29 females, 3 males, OSUC 144470-144471, USNMENT00896011, USNMENT00896015, USNMENT00896016, USNMENT00896018, USNMENT00896019, USNMENT00896029, USNMENT00896032, USNMENT00896044-USNMENT00896046, USNMENT00896112, USNMENT00896113-USNMENT00896116, USNMENT00896118, USNMENT00896119, USNMENT00896121, USNMENT00896122, USNMENT00896134, USNMENT00896135, USNMENT00896157, USNMENT00979237, USNMENT00979246-USNMENT00979250, USNMENT00979253, USNMENT00979280 (CNCI).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">SWITZERLAND:</emphasis>
|
||
4 females, 1 male, USNMENT00979222-USNMENT00979226 (CNCI).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">TAIWAN:</emphasis>
|
||
1 female, UCRC ENT 112210 (UCRC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">UNITED KINGDOM:</emphasis>
|
||
1 female, USNMENT00916251 (BMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="66" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kozlov, MA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="188 - 223" refId="B44" refString="Kozlov, MA, 1968. . Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 52: 188 - 223" volume="52" year="1968">Kozlov (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated a lectotype for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and simultaneously treated
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym. However, the concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented in the key and description of his publication was that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and not of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which in our assessment is a distinctly different species; the two may easily be separated by the presence of parallel arched rugae on the frons of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, contrasting with absence of large rugae and presence of a circular impression on the frons of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 52 - 55. 34 52 T. cultratus, female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, anterolateral view 53 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterolateral view 54 T. cultratus, female (USNMENT 00675734), head, anterior view 55 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterior view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures52-55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40947" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">52-55</figureCitation>
|
||
). The arched rugae on the frons of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
make the species particularly easy to identify, and the erroneous use of this character to identify
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was propagated throughout subsequent literature because
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kozlov’s">Kozlov's</normalizedToken>
|
||
treatment was followed, and the primary type of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not re-examined. An unfortunate consequence of this error is that undoubtedly most, if not all, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cultratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. cultratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been misidentified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |