385 lines
61 KiB
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385 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-12-e116082" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AE6919FCF5665A08BAB18EABDF42A865" ID-ZooBank="CA5178D4D44A4BFF84A286305C1B17FE" ModsDocID="1314-2828-12-e116082" checkinTime="1706705760738" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gongora-Garza, Gerardo, Tovar-Hernandez, Maria Ana & de Leon-Gonzalez, Jesus Angel" docDate="2024" docId="F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 12: e116082" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 12" docPubDate="2024-01-31" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082" docTitle="Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="AE6919FCF5665A08BAB18EABDF42A865" lastPageNumber="116082" masterDocId="AE6919FCF5665A08BAB18EABDF42A865" masterDocTitle="Re-description of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (Annelida, Syllidae), with the establishment of a new species from western Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="116082" masterPageNumber="116082" pageNumber="116082" updateTime="1706706066884" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B906FBB94DD8177F5D415D385AF959F0">
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<mods:title id="68FA59D999530D41FE1F9A943D1770F5">Re-description of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (Annelida, Syllidae), with the establishment of a new species from western Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="869451327CA431CC111DA68F2AAB5B97" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0DFCA46074BD9521A4916F766F0E52BB">Gongora-Garza, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="13899BBEC991D28991DA0BAA7296B610">Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="813901C463F6DB861799762766D4E010" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2B517B214FB9313C3EEBE2DE731BB224">Tovar-Hernandez, Maria Ana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4CB487C5769AB16728FFE653511A3583" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-2830</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="19EBEFC3ABC0CB0D0A9467FD4CAE3AC5">Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="73F2E1F8FF3C0DF1D478136D24127590" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="238C5DA4841166BEE7C29FDD47B82A3C">de Leon-Gonzalez, Jesus Angel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="20EC0C86059240C1F4FB76F6EC71A0A9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-240X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="62DA470E2703C186853C4F8E4260D3C0">Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1CA4C7FAE5FC5B4B70423E3DD457BE64" type="email">jesus.deleongn@uanl.edu.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DD19CF190FD7A6EC59D48889F18A5BA6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ACA1FE089FFDA3AC56CDD18AEDEFE7AD">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E4D4859950F4391DF703B6F4727F8B45">
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<mods:date id="284EBEE22E333D5890A1EFDE00247631">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="849BC184D306AD33F0EA547A78E648C6">2024-01-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0D313004431FACDE1B9345D493510A82">12</mods:number>
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<treatment id="F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB" lastPageNumber="116082" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
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<subSubSection id="69270633FFDBCDDBA45CF1EA94B7311D" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="797857DBB779F6BF318FB1CBBB321E08" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
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<taxonomicName id="226FEE28BD9BB33C95B9D3121E00695E" ID-CoL="4DCM9" LSID="F4B9F78B-E2C4-525C-AFB9-D8418525E8CB" authority="Monro, 1937" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2E16BB838FFEB1C44FF2E5097980F0E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="911D4B3EEE07477ACA45F67B1E7F83D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
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<taxonomicName id="844ED95C131DAAA4EE2C9357E798F507" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">Parasphaerosyllis indica</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="8B083B7A005E677CC628C343968346B5" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="3796BC1E6056D345A3ACFCB3C4FD953D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis indica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Monro, 1937: 273, text-fig. 8.-
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<bibRefCitation id="9D3310B906F2CABFA1C96B80AE7F3BC0" author="Fauvel, P." journalOrPublisher="Pontificia Academia Scientiarum" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 360" refId="B10790943" refString="Fauvel, P., 1939. Annelides Polychetes de l'Indochine recueillies par M.C. Dawydoff. Commentationes. Pontificia Academia Scientiarum 3 (10): 243 - 360" title="Annelides Polychetes de l'Indochine recueillies par M. C. Dawydoff. Commentationes." volume="3" year="1939">Fauvel 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 298 (Annam Sea, French Indochina);
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<bibRefCitation id="C1284216A12FAA0DB59A105EB824ED78" author="Fauvel, P." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="335 - 394" refId="B10790952" refString="Fauvel, P., 1950. Contribution a la faune des annelides polychetes du Senegal. Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire 12 (2): 335 - 394" title="Contribution a la faune des annelides polychetes du Senegal" volume="12" year="1950">Fauvel 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: 351 (Dakar, Senegal);
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<bibRefCitation id="42A96D4F5C8956DFF2BEC90EBF36EDF0" author="Fauvel, P." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1 - 507" refId="B10790961" refString="Fauvel, P., 1953. The fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya, Annelida Polychaeta. In: Allahabad, The Indian Press, LTD.: 1 - 507" title="The fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya, Annelida Polychaeta" volumeTitle="Allahabad, The Indian Press, LTD." year="1953">Fauvel 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 162, fig. 80c-d (Arabian coast);
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<bibRefCitation id="9B04ADA41B3BBE1170771B34A35C8C9F" author="Rioja, E." journalOrPublisher="Anales del Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="219 - 301" refId="B10791135" refString="Rioja, E., 1958. Estudios Anelidologicos 22. Datos para el conocimiento de la fauna de anelidos poliquetos de las costas orientales de Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 29: 219 - 301" title="Estudios Anelidologicos 22. Datos para el conocimiento de la fauna de anelidos poliquetos de las costas orientales de Mexico" volume="29" year="1958">Rioja 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 246-251, figs. 21-27 (Isla Verde, Gulf of Mexico);
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<bibRefCitation id="19D75CF41D32B14F86EAEB9F2213BD55" author="Fauvel, P." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire Serie A" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="477 - 533" refId="B10790970" refString="Fauvel, P., Rullier, F., 1959. Contribution a la faune des Annelides Polychetes du Senegal et de la Mauretanie (Premiere Partie). Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire Serie A 2: 477 - 533" title="Contribution a la faune des Annelides Polychetes du Senegal et de la Mauretanie (Premiere Partie)." volume="2" year="1959">Fauvel and Rullier 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 514-515 (Gorea Island, Senegal);
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<bibRefCitation id="8C96FE786E808ACA195C81DBC05A8A6A" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G." journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissensschaflichen Vereins in Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="81 - 161" refId="B10791005" refString="Hartmann-Schroeder, G., 1965. Zur Kenntnis der eulitoralen Polychaetenfauna von Hawaii, Palmyra und Samoa. Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissensschaflichen Vereins in Hamburg 9: 81 - 161" title="Zur Kenntnis der eulitoralen Polychaetenfauna von Hawaii, Palmyra und Samoa" volume="9" year="1965">
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<normalizedToken id="9515FF794FE19B6DEA23202D4AF62154" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
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1965
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 115 (Maui, Hawaii);
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<bibRefCitation id="EC3F938033953D92DC26FDF94800BCC0" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G." journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="42 - 110" refId="B10791014" refString="Hartmann-Schroeder, G., 1980. Teil 4. Die Polychaeten der tropischen Nordwestkueste Australiens (zwischen Port Samson im Norden und Exmouth im Sueden. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 77: 42 - 110" title="Teil 4. Die Polychaeten der tropischen Nordwestkueste Australiens (zwischen Port Samson im Norden und Exmouth im Sueden" volume="77" year="1980">
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<normalizedToken id="98EA598F1DCD7AC1E089B62E09F9D7BD" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
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1980
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 49 (Exmouth, northwest Australia);
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<bibRefCitation id="1CECA7FA39DAAAD95C468DD4D624AA6F" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G." journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="27 - 66" refId="B10791023" refString="Hartmann-Schroeder, G., 1987. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kueste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Western und Port Welshpool im Osten. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 84: 27 - 66" title="Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kueste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Western und Port Welshpool im Osten" volume="84" year="1987">
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<normalizedToken id="07C51C49C364B22F7D17660246ACF9A2" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
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1987
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 32 (Victoria, Australia);
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<bibRefCitation id="C151BD6DB37D2F6CA8B65C3CBCEBAC22" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G." journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="17 - 71" refId="B10791032" refString="Hartmann-Schroeder, G., 1991. Teil 16. Die Polychaeten der subtropischtropischen bis tropischen Ostkueste Australiens zwischen Maclean (New South Wales) und Gladstone (Queensland) sowie von Heron Is (Grosses Barriere-Riff). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 88: 17 - 71" title="Teil 16. Die Polychaeten der subtropischtropischen bis tropischen Ostkueste Australiens zwischen Maclean (New South Wales) und Gladstone (Queensland) sowie von Heron Is (Grosses Barriere-Riff)" volume="88" year="1991">
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<normalizedToken id="2471234A21DA085047D15A82695272C3" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
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1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 27 (Queensland, Australia);
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<bibRefCitation id="A25CFCAA4D7EA0239FDE49D706A0F06E" author="Rullier, F." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, Serie A" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1071 - 1102" refId="B10791171" refString="Rullier, F., 1964. Contribution a la faune des annelides polychetes du Cameroun. Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, Serie A 26 (4): 1071 - 1102" title="Contribution a la faune des annelides polychetes du Cameroun" volume="26" year="1964">Rullier 1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 165 (Cameroon);
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<bibRefCitation id="31873F76DF5357240DD0FC9B3C9D43B1" author="Rullier, F." journalOrPublisher="Editions de la Foundation Singer-Polignac" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1 - 169" refId="B10791180" refString="Rullier, F., 1972. Annelides Polychetes de Nouvelle-Caledonie recueillies par Y. Plessis et B. Salvat. Expedition Francaise sur les recifs coralliens de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Editions de la Foundation Singer-Polignac 6: 1 - 169" title="Annelides Polychetes de Nouvelle-Caledonie recueillies par Y. Plessis et B. Salvat. Expedition Francaise sur les recifs coralliens de la Nouvelle-Caledonie" volume="6" year="1972">Rullier 1972</bibRefCitation>
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: 69 (New Caledonia);
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<bibRefCitation id="3A8F94CACBB4872DFA1FB83430CCEA36" author="Westheide, W." journalOrPublisher="Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="195 - 338" refId="B10791222" refString="Westheide, W., 1974. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 11. Pisionidae, Hesionidae, Pilargidae, Syllidae (Polychaeta). Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 44: 195 - 338" title="Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 11. Pisionidae, Hesionidae, Pilargidae, Syllidae (Polychaeta)" volume="44" year="1974">Westheide 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 64-67, figs. 27-29 (Galapagos);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA05B8DCA60C541BE8BBEB0EC94D9C4" author="Cantone, Grazia" journalOrPublisher="Monitore Zoologico Italiano. Supplemento" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="223 - 254" refId="B10790704" refString="Cantone, Grazia, 1976. Ricerche sul litorale della Somalia. Anellidi policheti di Bender Mtoni e Sar Uanle. Monitore Zoologico Italiano. Supplemento 8 (1): 223 - 254" title="Ricerche sul litorale della Somalia. Anellidi policheti di Bender Mtoni e Sar Uanle" volume="8" year="1976">Cantone 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 230 (Somalia);
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<bibRefCitation id="192DF0D73AE69C73C1CBAE51947C76B9" author="San Martin, G." journalOrPublisher="Bulletion of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="715 - 740" refId="B10814459" refString="San Martin, G., 1991. Grubeosyllis and Exogone (Exogoninae, Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Puerto Rico, with a revision of Exogone. Bulletion of Marine Science 49 (3): 715 - 740" title="Grubeosyllis and Exogone (Exogoninae, Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Puerto Rico, with a revision of Exogone" volume="49" year="1991">
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San
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<normalizedToken id="DC34CC2A5119B1BDAA9D9811D51F6D3D" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
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1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 234 (Cuba);
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<bibRefCitation id="58FFB81D50D60AAEFC2D6E5B03E67866" author="San Martin, Guillermo" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="119 - 160" refId="B10790870" refString="San Martin, Guillermo, Hutchings, Pat, Aguado, Maria Teresa, 2008. Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis. Records of the Australian Museum 60 (2): 119 - 160" title="Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis" volume="60" year="2008">
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San
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<normalizedToken id="62DE0089824AEAF6C61917AC91D36153" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
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|
et al. 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 146, figs. 19E-F, 22A-E, 24A-B (Tasman Sea and Western Australia);
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<bibRefCitation id="1E33F4DD61DDF8A6BDD6C233209CBF55" author="Linero-Arana, Ildefonso" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B10790780" refString="Linero-Arana, Ildefonso, Diaz-Diaz, Oscar, 2011. Syllidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Caribbean coast of Venezuela. ZooKeys 117: 1 - 28" title="Syllidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Caribbean coast of Venezuela" volume="117" year="2011">
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<normalizedToken id="6F53A4E66967F5CC6BD99AADC08430CA" originalValue="Liñero-Arana">Linero-Arana</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="D9102F7B37421E2644C3964BE8150653" originalValue="Díaz-Díaz">Diaz-Diaz</normalizedToken>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 24, figs 4.8-4.10 (Venezuela);
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<bibRefCitation id="1E3386A85E9B1A5D88E3873B6A21B797" author="Aguado, M. T." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="35 - 60" refId="B10790695" refString="Aguado, M. T., Murray, A., Hutchings, P., 2015. Syllidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Zootaxa 4019 (1): 35 - 60" title="Syllidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia" volume="4019" year="2015">Aguado et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: 49, figs. 5F (Lizard Island, Australia);
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<bibRefCitation id="E4E5199D075728EA33A9F72514F45857" author="Canete, Juan I." journalOrPublisher="Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1070 - 1074" refId="B10790713" refString="Canete, Juan I., 2017. First record of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (Polychaetae: Syllidae) from Eastern Island, Chile. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 45 (5): 1070 - 1074" title="First record of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (Polychaetae: Syllidae) from Eastern Island, Chile" volume="45" year="2017">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="256B7BC445723D689C56BB02820078D6" originalValue="Cañete">Canete</normalizedToken>
|
|
2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 1070-1071, figs. 1a-g (Easter island, Chile).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="5499C6B6BDD3115DF1D805BF1636F148" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="BC6B7081EDD38803554D166AE073BDAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Materials</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="822D6216E6376A5AD1B5D2BD3663A403" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B0CD76FA4A57D74D07BE10864FCA0BE" collectingDate="1933-11-02" collectingDateMax="1933-11-2" collectingDateMin="1933-11-02" country="Oman" county="Arabian Sea" elevation="14" latitude="19.3767" location="Occurrence" longitude="57.8833" municipality="Western Indian Ocean" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
<emphasis id="74781F75862A61A0EC7E96AF6A211950" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Type status:</emphasis>
|
|
<materialsCitation id="90D105823D773BBB58787EBE94213858" collectingDate="1933-11-02" collectingDateMax="1933-11-2" collectingDateMin="1933-11-02" country="Oman" county="Arabian Sea" elevation="14" latitude="19.3767" location="Occurrence" longitude="57.8833" municipality="Western Indian Ocean" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
<typeStatus id="5D13F963075207977F9187A509B9BCA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis id="F3A5A84BBE968E8545D901719719A4C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
<location id="58B9AFD46E9225B71B4EE2935EFFA3BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB:58B9AFD46E9225B71B4EE2935EFFA3BB" country="Oman" county="Arabian Sea" latitude="19.3767" longitude="57.8833" municipality="Western Indian Ocean" name="Occurrence">Occurrence</location>
|
|
:
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
occurrenceID:
|
|
<uuid id="B50DDA7BA067B3CCBBE7DAA5D428C051">5F89365A-89A3-5353-9EBC-8135225D86BE</uuid>
|
|
;
|
|
<emphasis id="6055F8EA842935A57D65157C44ED254F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
<location id="7C3C9C044292D4528E816753958B2284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4B9F78BE2C4525CAFB9D8418525E8CB:7C3C9C044292D4528E816753958B2284" country="Oman" county="Arabian Sea" latitude="19.3767" longitude="57.8833" municipality="Western Indian Ocean" name="Location">Location</location>
|
|
:
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
higherGeographyID:
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="10BD28E3682932EAE76609B031B150C2">Western Indian Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
; higherGeography:
|
|
<collectingCounty id="11F2BEEA11AD17460EAD135FF33C346E">Arabian Sea</collectingCounty>
|
|
; country:
|
|
<collectingCountry id="A2B71F164A83F75092B7D3A6221C10CF" name="Oman" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
|
; verbatimDepth:
|
|
<quantity id="35BF3D203C6E6E4245685EFB0A5623EA" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="13.5">
|
|
<elevation id="95F827A0A7882EAD8C5FA3D8FA4EBB14" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="13.5">13.5 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
; decimalLatitude:
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="CD59E166832676B31D04BB5E86514735" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" value="19.3767">19.3767</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; decimalLongitude:
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="9DE802F10B85248DA76436A4951F0E33" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" value="57.8833">57.8833</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<emphasis id="5F263C318615E2A3864D27D0AAF20BE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Event:</emphasis>
|
|
eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate id="C6F17A68A67D8765FF1A8EB9F11AB58B" value="1933-11-02">02-11-1933</collectingDate>
|
|
-11-02; year: 1933; month: 11; day: 2;
|
|
<emphasis id="BAB86684DAFAE20DF8775936638DD903" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Record Level:</emphasis>
|
|
language: English; institutionID: BMNH; collectionID: BMNH; datasetID: BMNH 1937.9.2.156; collectionCode: Invertebrates; datasetName: BMNH
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="27148546F9C2DA11F37A9718367D5E5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="FA19953C6C08B9683B4E66F5FCD479F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Description</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B701339FE62EC12CC9537F73061C684E" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
Holotype incomplete posteriorly, 5 mm long, 0.4 mm wide on proventricle, 68 chaetigers. Body subcylindrical, ventrally flattened (segments 15 and 16 from anterior end remarkably wider than rest of body, perhaps due to manipulation caused by strong pressure on slide cover, because proventricle is broken and pharynx flattened). Body brown-yellowish, without pigmentation pattern. All cirriform annulated appendages deeply coiled (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="8AAC6BEFC3D1A5BE42A25286D8645C5C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
A). Prostomium pentagonal, wider than long. Four lensed eyes in trapezoidal arrangement, eyes from the anterior pair larger and more separate than posterior pair of eyes (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="956849662F0AC1F5583A552744B82B29" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
A). Right anterior eye divided into two lobes, appearing to have two fused eyes. Eyespots absent. Palps stout, triangular, slightly directed towards the ventral side, similar in length to prostomium, only fused in a small part of base. Median and right antennae lost. The median antenna preserves the cirrophore and the first annulation only, which arises from posterior end of prostomium, between posterior pair of eyes (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="91106056C76D1810DA832844E9451419" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
A). Left lateral antenna inserted on anterior margin of prostomium, longer than prostomium with 7 articles of different sizes in irregular arrangement (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6555566363A550D2EEB4FC723EFFBD0D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
A). Peristomium shorter than subsequent segments, folding on posterior part of prostomium (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="F42CB89A5C84941A0E3C52C27CBF4A7C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
A). Peristomium with two pairs of tentacular cirri: dorsal ones with 24 articles each, right ventral cirrus with 14 articles, left ventral cirrus incomplete, with 7 articles. First pair of dorsal cirri with 24 articles each. Dorsal cirri from chaetigers 2 to 17 with 20-24 articles, not alternating in length. Mid-body dorsal cirri with 20-22 articles and posterior cirri with 15-18 articles. The first bulbous cirrus appears on chaetiger 15 on left side, whereas on the right side appears on chaetiger 17. From chaetiger 17 backwards, dorsal cirri alternate regularly, one by one: an annulated cirri and a bulbous one. Bulbous dorsal cirri elongate, cirrophore not visible (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E6A0AF61189059A69A85528725F8B2C4" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
B). Base of bulbous cirri thin, enlarged medium part and a small unarticulated knob at the end (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="489449B09F6ABBF5F9C06902EF914B41" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
B-E). Bulbous cirri with curved diagonal fibrous lines, being more evident on some cirri than others. Some annulated cirri broken (incomplete) or fully removed (only scars are evident). Parapodial lobes slightly wide on base, with one or two notorious acicular papillae. Ventral cirri digitiform, shorter or similar in length than parapodial lobe. Anterior parapodia with about 10 compound heterogomph chaetae (6 on chaetiger 1), number diminishes gradually through the body to 6 on posterior segments. Falcigers dorso-ventrally decreasing in length, bidentate blades with thin spines on its internal margin, shafts with small and fine distal spines. Falcigers from anterior chaetigers with blades longer and thinner than posterior ones (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="50302A1BD49B6A676392CD2BC17B14EF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
F-G). Size proportion between dorsal-most versus ventral-most blades: anterior one 2.0 to 2.1, posterior one 1.5 to 1.6. Simple acicular chaetae, dorsal or ventral, not observed. Anterior parapodia each with two slender aciculae: one straight, pointed and other distally curved, acute. Mid-body and posterior segments with one acicula per parapodium, larger and thicker than anterior ones, distally curved. Pharynx occupying the space of about seven segments, pharyngeal tooth located anteriorly, pointed, acute, yellowish. Proventricle broken, longer than pharynx, extending through 8-9 segments, with about 22 muscle cell rings, with distinct mid-dorsal line. From chaetiger 62 backwards, forming a male stolon (damaged).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3FE5992999A1308BECFCF0B00097DAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="10F2E4F47F1BFFB533998F76F42F2254" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="47EBB3BFDE00AD795F8EDA061E229D56" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Palps fused at their bases. Peristomium shorter than following segments. Dorsal cirri from mid-body bulbous with a long distal end and terminal knob, alternating with long and articulate cirri in a regular pattern (one by one). Bidentate falcigers with long blades, proximal tooth shorter than distal one.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="E864B78C2874585E6BDD60A17A0A946E" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="94612D1C0406D1099F7684FC42AD07B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="87CE292345E274D769A231E18A5A5B27" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2D1C09D1B98E27A87AA32064464C04D0" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="F3DC141D3A5ECC664BB3031C1672B352" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was described from the coast of Oman to 13.5 m depth. It has been reported in many localities around the world. Unfortunately, many of these reports include only a brief mention or just the name within a list of species or tables of ecological analyses and compendia, making its status unverifiable:
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E9740426A672A3121C12833C81C0FD13" author="Hartman, O." journalOrPublisher="Professional Papers U. S. Geological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="615 - 644" refId="B10791248" refString="Hartman, O., 1954. Marine Annelids from the Northern Marshall Islands, Bikini and nearby atolls, Marshall Islands. Professional Papers U.S. Geological Survey 260: 615 - 644" title="Marine Annelids from the Northern Marshall Islands, Bikini and nearby atolls, Marshall Islands" volume="260" year="1954">Hartman (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Eniwetok Atoll);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7CE3F8331B16F613D132BE078DFC5F36" author="Reish, J. D." journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="208 - 231" refId="B10814486" refString="Reish, J. D., 1968. Polychaetous annelids of the Marshall Islands. Pacific Science 22 (2): 208 - 231" title="Polychaetous annelids of the Marshall Islands" volume="22" year="1968">Reish (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
Marshall Islands);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="87E26C30D801F8B291920B2A0F5BE280" author="Amoreux, L." journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="57 - 163" refId="B10791231" refString="Amoreux, L., Rullier, F., Fishelson, L., 1978. Systematique et ecologie d'annelides polychetes de la presqu'il du Sinai. Israel Journal of Zoology 27: 57 - 163" title="Systematique et ecologie d'annelides polychetes de la presqu'il du Sinai" volume="27" year="1978">Amoreux et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Gulf of Aqaba and Gulf of Suez);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0F0960EC1626F654EEA6A20DF37F3AE1" author="San Martin, G." journalOrPublisher="Bulletion of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="715 - 740" refId="B10814459" refString="San Martin, G., 1991. Grubeosyllis and Exogone (Exogoninae, Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Puerto Rico, with a revision of Exogone. Bulletion of Marine Science 49 (3): 715 - 740" title="Grubeosyllis and Exogone (Exogoninae, Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Puerto Rico, with a revision of Exogone" volume="49" year="1991">
|
|
San
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E996288C76182ECAC4112967D46BE1AB" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1991)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Cuba);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="81C4A68EED7F16910A8FF5C5C6C2FA1D" author="Nunez, J." journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="109 - 129" refId="B10791068" refString="Nunez, J., San Martin, G., Brito, M. C, 1992. Syllinae (Polychaeta, Syllidae) de las Islas Canarias. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias 4 (3-4): 109 - 129" title="Syllinae (Polychaeta, Syllidae) de las Islas Canarias" volume="4" year="1992">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C49AEF95F173CA5984525B1F12BBEBFC" originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. (1992)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0F9FE50437D8BDBE5735C59A3CDFA4A6" author="Pascual, M." journalOrPublisher="Avicennia" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="73 - 90" refId="B10791077" refString="Pascual, M., Nunez, J., 1999. Silidos (Polychaeta: Annelida) endobiontes de esponjas de Canarias y Madeira. Avicennia 10 (11): 73 - 90" title="Silidos (Polychaeta: Annelida) endobiontes de esponjas de Canarias y Madeira" volume="10" year="1999">
|
|
Pascual and
|
|
<normalizedToken id="1AE16F375BAA47879A4923EDF21222EB" originalValue="Nuñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1999)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Canary Islands);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1E54F1CAF9F7E5C9EA86FAB6727E25C0" author="Lopez, E." journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="129 - 139" refId="B10791050" refString="Lopez, E., San Martin, G., 1994. Syllidae (Polychaeta) recolectados en las Islas de Cabo Verde por la I Expedicion Iberica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 42 (1-2): 129 - 139" title="Syllidae (Polychaeta) recolectados en las Islas de Cabo Verde por la I Expedicion Iberica" volume="42" year="1994">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="AAF6CF93D54E5B74D4F5F4195B70AB3E" originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
|
|
and San
|
|
<normalizedToken id="8999862F19750262FD35B2ADA9646499" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1994)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Cape Verde Islands);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15F76C20BF2E9F046F4383CEC2C1E315" author="Bastida-Zavala, J. R." journalOrPublisher="Revista de Zoologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="9 - 29" refId="B10790898" refString="Bastida-Zavala, J. R., 1995. Poliquetos (Annelida: Polychaeta) del arrecife coralino de Cabo Pulmo-Los Frailes, B.C.S., Mexico. Revista de Zoologia 6: 9 - 29" title="Poliquetos (Annelida: Polychaeta) del arrecife coralino de Cabo Pulmo-Los Frailes, B. C. S., Mexico" volume="6" year="1995">Bastida-Zavala (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Gulf of California, Mexico);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5EA5E1FE03AA73D883F0FCB98056AF69" author="Gomez, P." journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1067 - 1074" refId="B10790979" refString="Gomez, P., Mercado, J. A., Mitchell, L. M., Salazar-Vallejo, S. I., 1997. Poliquetos de fondos duros (Polychaeta) de bahias de Huatulco y Puerto Angel, Oaxaca, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 45 (3): 1067 - 1074" title="Poliquetos de fondos duros (Polychaeta) de bahias de Huatulco y Puerto Angel, Oaxaca, Mexico" volume="45" year="1997">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="11533C18D470A6E757641B34EB826596" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. (1997)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Oaxaca, Mexico);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9998F177420E1D7D2BDCF5269DB88314" author="Pleijel, F." journalOrPublisher="Compendium of marine species from New Caledonia." pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" refId="B10791086" refString="Pleijel, F., 2006. . Compendium of marine species from New Caledonia. Vol. 7" volume="Vol. 7" year="2006">Pleijel (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(New Caledonia) and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D583F34C7938D325D05316F954903067" author="Hutchings, Pat" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" refId="B10790771" refString="Hutchings, Pat, Glasby, Chris, Capa, Maria, Sampey, Alison, 2014. Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: polychaetes (Annelida). Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 84 (1)" title="Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: polychaetes (Annelida)" volume="84" year="2014">Hutchings et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Australia).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC91BCD8072C8046325E41FE286B413B" author="Aguado, M. T." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="35 - 60" refId="B10790695" refString="Aguado, M. T., Murray, A., Hutchings, P., 2015. Syllidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Zootaxa 4019 (1): 35 - 60" title="Syllidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia" volume="4019" year="2015">Aguado et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
already suggested that the presence of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9778267EF4399E456FFDD926963A4769" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="807CF0AE869059ED97BFEFF53537CA2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
may represent a complex of species at least in Australia (Western Australia, Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria), but also it may be the same case in other disjunct localities.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="64F6C4FDEED7010D012CB16AD0ABEFA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
On the other hand, several authors have reported
|
|
<taxonomicName id="74A479F7C147A6070AAF1BFA8A2E427A" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
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|
<emphasis id="C34F12A0A2EDF596C9322E00C3F79C94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
through the decades, providing brief diagnoses/descriptions and illustrations that allow comparison with the re-description provided here (Table
|
|
<tableCitation id="32905CD49FA4C4E31DFE867FFA56978E" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T10790473" captionText="Table 1. Reports of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 around the globe presented in chronological order. Only records that include diagnosis, drawings or some information were here considered." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/890A77687AB43CAF970B44D008287898" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" tableUuid="890A77687AB43CAF970B44D008287898">1</tableCitation>
|
|
). The characters listed in Table
|
|
<tableCitation id="AC41B10A0979CD171D681CC8FD70DE77" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T10790473" captionText="Table 1. Reports of Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 around the globe presented in chronological order. Only records that include diagnosis, drawings or some information were here considered." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/890A77687AB43CAF970B44D008287898" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" tableUuid="890A77687AB43CAF970B44D008287898">1</tableCitation>
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|
show great variability amongst all these records, demanding a detailed examination of voucher specimens. In addition, a study of ontogenetic variability is desirable, with special emphasis on the analysis of the following features that might be informative and consequently used in the recognition of species in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D69C4F5799B1A775802BD58D7A4FE19B" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="90FD744A2387F9A0EC7DCA35697AAC2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
:
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="25748509F4E219D1CF1056E444735E91" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">insertion of median and lateral antennae;</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="3840739EEF1AFB19998962C39AD1C219" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">extension of pharynx and proventricle and its size relationship;</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="6473B25480DBABCB144F2A93220E14CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">presence or absence of cirrophore in bulbous dorsal cirri;</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4D3345A3417AD48890C2877776604849" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">chaetiger where bulbous dorsal cirri appear;</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="939EC74E2F9332D2657FEC0306537125" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">presence and number of terminal articulations in bulbous dorsal cirri;</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C7D5E95325BFE6167CE5AA9102117788" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">alternation pattern of moniliform/bulbous dorsal cirri (one by one or another pattern);</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="32CAD106D0B994993BF7DDF71BE1FABC" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">presence of pseudosimple chaetae; dentition of falcigers;</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="38903C0A6174844B7B7F25D02B7CDC92" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">presence and distribution pattern of glands or pores in bulbous dorsal cirri (but this feature is only revealed using SEM).</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="893239ED36155F0BE78F94D48A3BF889" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" type="taxon discussion">
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|
<paragraph id="5457068D7CC11CF7BBBDC5000A46421A" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3A2B3A9963A67AAC7CCF027CBF3CE4A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
Regarding the generic features of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7FF37D344807C6FDF7970BC4595824C" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C25418D1C1CD74B202A1E3816AFC06CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the genus was established by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="65F40B009D765C03CA783754714BAB84" author="Monro, C. C. A." journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 321" refId="B10791059" refString="Monro, C. C.A., 1937. Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-1934. Scientific Reports 4 (8): 243 - 321" title="Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934" volume="4" year="1937">Monro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
as having fused palps, except at the extreme tip in the type species (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7A6A71DD36869396F6393A8C6B3C2B89" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="A61216E981D031302234B379B99729C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); and dorsal cirri from the mid-region including two types: moniliform (articulated or annulated) and bulbous, both being alternating (one by one). In recent generic diagnoses provided to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="25B240F3D88A886DE7F3623FFBB2722C" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8BCE13CEB39EEEA82CFAEEE9BA80AB90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D20A328028BBCC8368BB3D621A03489F" author="San Martin, Guillermo" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="119 - 160" refId="B10790870" refString="San Martin, Guillermo, Hutchings, Pat, Aguado, Maria Teresa, 2008. Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis. Records of the Australian Museum 60 (2): 119 - 160" title="Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis" volume="60" year="2008">
|
|
San
|
|
<normalizedToken id="D81683E3DE7A44EA37118800FE0F253E" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. (2008)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C503D566F5FBB5D6178ADEBE545C1C8E" author="San Martin, G." journalOrPublisher="Handbook of Zoology, Annelida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" refId="B10790857" refString="San Martin, G., Aguado, M. T., 2019. . Handbook of Zoology, Annelida Vol. 4" volume="Vol. 4" year="2019">
|
|
San
|
|
<normalizedToken id="CBAE9E275DEF3974CFC17730E095ABB6" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Aguado (2019)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, it is stated that the genus has palps fused only basally and dorsal cirri from mid-body being short, unarticled, lemon-like alternated with articulate cirri. Additionally, the holotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E3C9023DD6C24DCD5DB85ABCCE54FC1D" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="A5340D2429B067E1514E8BB1D64B733E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
here examined has palps fused only basally, contrary to the original description by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DEAD49BC0EF1D281D5DDF25D4B65162E" author="Monro, C. C. A." journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 321" refId="B10791059" refString="Monro, C. C.A., 1937. Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-1934. Scientific Reports 4 (8): 243 - 321" title="Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934" volume="4" year="1937">Monro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Regarding the term dorsal cirri being
|
|
<normalizedToken id="2BF9044CF4D9ABCF27D6E5EF9A51D31F" originalValue="“lemon-like”">"lemon-like"</normalizedToken>
|
|
; in our opinion, this is subjective because it does not reflect the shape of these structures in all of the four species currently valid in the genus. Lemon-shaped can be spherical (as green lemon or lime) or ovoid (as yellow lemon) or pyriform and corrugated (as other lemon varieties). For instance, the dorsal cirri, originally described and illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CD26A9CBD1FD7981ECAF94CB3BFCC81E" author="Monro, C. C. A." journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 321" refId="B10791059" refString="Monro, C. C.A., 1937. Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-1934. Scientific Reports 4 (8): 243 - 321" title="Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934" volume="4" year="1937">Monro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(text fig. 8b), are bulbous with a terminal knob, which agree with the re-examination of the holotype (this study, Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="96BB3442DCDF056A873072369F4C3433" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
|
|
B-E). In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5F7A8661F72904311F7E3211AF97A51D" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. malimalii" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malimalii">
|
|
<emphasis id="540E1E583896910D596B49D243686692" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. malimalii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal cirri from the mid-region are ovoid or bulbous with a terminal knob (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7F3196250BF82D8F854EA0E0519BC954" author="Capa, M." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="280 - 284" refId="B10790907" refString="Capa, M., San Martin, G., Lopez, E., 2001. Description of a new species of Parasphaerosyllis (Polychaetae: Syllidae: Syllinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114: 280 - 284" title="Description of a new species of Parasphaerosyllis (Polychaetae: Syllidae: Syllinae)" volume="114" year="2001">Capa et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, figs. 1B and D; this study, Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="D2DA152CF02EF8CF36BBF4AD6FE45223" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F10790664" captionText="Figure 6. Digital photographs of Parasphaerosyllis malimalii Capa, San Martin and Lopez, 2001 (UANL 8160). A Mid-body segments, showing bulbous and moniliform dorsal cirri; B Falcigers from chaetiger 10; C Falciger and pseudosimple chaeta from middle parapodium; D Pseudosimple chaetae from posterior parapodium. Scale bars: A = 50 µm; B-D = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932219" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">6</figureCitation>
|
|
A), in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="19B437C0C805CBCC95E7F57ABA75471A" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ezoensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ezoensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="22DA09EA78298A6B1EE6D94444F18148" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. ezoensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, these cirri are bulbous with knobs composed of two terminal articles (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0A71D8360BE8951498BC578E04787694" author="Imajima, M." journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B10791041" refString="Imajima, M., Hartman, O., 1964. The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Occasional Papers Allan Hancock Foundation 26, part 1: 1 - 246" title="The polychaetous annelids of Japan" volume="26, part 1" year="1964">Imajima and Hartman 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, plate 28, fig. b), in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E98C194B8B76B548377CE99D06A406B9" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. uschakovi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">
|
|
<emphasis id="76EC5F0BDB087BA1697B150BA103861F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. uschakovi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the cirri are bulbous with knobs composed of 2-3 terminal articles (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CEDF62793E541FC310D33BAEDB187A28" author="Chlebovitsch, V. V." journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="167 - 181" refId="B10790916" refString="Chlebovitsch, V. V., 1959. Species of polychaete worms from the Kurile Islands, which are new or recorded for the first time in the USSR fauna. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 38: 167 - 181" title="Species of polychaete worms from the Kurile Islands, which are new or recorded for the first time in the USSR fauna" volume="38" year="1959">Chlebovitsch 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 1b and r) and, in the new species described below (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FCA234483155AC952BB30FE94DF2758C" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. irregulata" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="irregulata">
|
|
<emphasis id="3B01167E6CBAB248EEFA16618DAC3013" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. irregulata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.), these cirri are spherical to bulbous and knobs have 1-3 terminal articles (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="49A5925D02DE96DD530DE4960DF9D5A1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F10790618" captionText="Figure 2. Line drawings of Parasphaerosyllis irregulata sp. nov. (holotype UANL 8158). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle section of body, dorsal view; C Posterior bulbous and moniliform dorsal cirri, chaetiger 260; D Acicula, chaetiger 10; E Acicula, posterior chaetiger; F Ventral simple chaeta, chaetiger 302; G Dorsal simple chaeta, chaetiger 302. Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; C = 0.25 mm; D-G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932206" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">2</figureCitation>
|
|
B-C and Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="638CBF2EFCAADE76C1B6729AA408C0A7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F10790660" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electronic micrographs of Parasphaerosyllis irregulata sp. nov. (paratype UANL 8160). A Anterior end, dorsal view, arrows point to insertion scars of dorsal cirri; B Prostomium and first anterior segments, dorsal view; C Alternated bulbous and moniliform dorsal cirri from mid-body region; D Posterior segments showing different development stages of bulbous dorsal cirri; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus showing dorsal band of several lines of pores; F Detail of ciliate pores on bulbous dorsal cirrus. Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 50 µm; F = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932217" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">4</figureCitation>
|
|
C-E). Besides, the report of "
|
|
<taxonomicName id="40A7DB2DBC4011AACC0B0566ED5ECF68" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="79F74C93D2BC5F37687FE2A8466C2AC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">P. indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
" in Western Australia and Tasman Sea by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="910DBF36B1BB9F7FCE654CAF8DC33A56" author="San Martin, Guillermo" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="119 - 160" refId="B10790870" refString="San Martin, Guillermo, Hutchings, Pat, Aguado, Maria Teresa, 2008. Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis. Records of the Australian Museum 60 (2): 119 - 160" title="Syllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia. Part 1. Genera Branchiosyllis, Eurysyllis, Karroonsyllis, Parasphaerosyllis, Plakosyllis, Rhopalosyllis, Tetrapalpia n. gen., and Xenosyllis" volume="60" year="2008">
|
|
San
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4E0D27358147FDEF9EC5B85980D026AE" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. (2008)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
described the cirri as lemon-shaped, but it seem more like bulbous in the sense of this contribution.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="76A43134A316DB91CED64B980C32CC19" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
Moreover, there is variation in the holotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BFC83CB21734B59BB5F39F7D0CC6E61C" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasphaerosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasphaerosyllis indica" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|
<emphasis id="47944339F5A43B4E9C521B2B48348979" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">Parasphaerosyllis indica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
here examined versus the description by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB3E81C16715D447FFEAD8FCA05D698B" author="Monro, C. C. A." journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 321" refId="B10791059" refString="Monro, C. C.A., 1937. Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-1934. Scientific Reports 4 (8): 243 - 321" title="Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934" volume="4" year="1937">Monro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(p. 274). He described the body as "slender and thread-like", but we find that it is sub-cylindrical, widened in the first 15-16 segments to the posterior part of proventricle. The holotype is posteriorly incomplete, most of the stolon described by Monro having disappeared, perhaps due to over-handling of the specimen since other damage can be observed, such as the loss of the median and right lateral antennae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1EBFFA536917F2E68ACFF0DEA07F0B8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">
|
|
According to the image provided by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8A7D531F314544B4175EEBD8D9CB8ACC" author="Monro, C. C. A." journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082" pagination="243 - 321" refId="B10791059" refString="Monro, C. C.A., 1937. Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933-1934. Scientific Reports 4 (8): 243 - 321" title="Polychaetae. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934" volume="4" year="1937">Monro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
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: fig. 8a, the insertion of the lateral antennae is located between the superior and the inferior pair of eyes, but in the holotype, lateral antennae are inserted on the distal margin of prostomium and the only visible antenna (left one) is incomplete, having only seven articles. The number of articles in the dorsal tentacular cirri varies; Monro illustrates tentacular cirri in his figure 8a with 20 articles on the left side and 21 on the right; but, the dorsal tentacular cirri in the holotype have 24 articles on both sides. Finally, Monro's figure 8b shows the bulbous cirri attached to the parapodium by a prominent cirrophore. When observing the holotype, we saw that parapodia do not have cirrophores and some cirri show different degrees of basal thinning (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="C59ED08183E917A951D744D2114A6CE3" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F10790616" captionText="Figure 1. Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 (holotype BMNH 1937.9.2.156.). A Anterior end, dorsal view; B Middle anterior segments, dorsal view; C Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 24; D Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 40; E Bulbous dorsal cirrus, chaetiger 62; F Falcigers from chaetiger 10; G Falcigers from chaetiger 60. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm; F, G = 20 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.12.e116082.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/932205" pageId="0" pageNumber="116082">1</figureCitation>
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C-D).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |