173 lines
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173 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-11-e72764" ID-Pensoft-UUID="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" ModsDocID="1314-2828-11-e72764" checkinTime="1673667829734" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna, Villet, Martin H., Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel & Rojo, Santos" docDate="2023" docId="507C1454081258C2827215DD628942AD" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 11: e72764" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 11" docPubDate="2023-01-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764" docTitle="Stomorhina rugosa" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" lastPageNumber="72764" masterDocId="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" masterDocTitle="South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology" masterLastPageNumber="72764" masterPageNumber="72764" pageNumber="72764" updateTime="1673667829734" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-6222</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">athomasbio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Villet, Martin H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-5667</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Rhodes University, Southern African Forensic Entomology Research Laboratory, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rojo, Santos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-9643</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>72764</mods:start>
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<mods:end>72764</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-11-e72764</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:507C1454081258C2827215DD628942AD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/507C1454081258C2827215DD628942AD" lastPageNumber="72764" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6ZWT5" LSID="507C1454-0812-58C2-8272-15DD628942AD" authority="(Bigot, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Bigot" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Stomorhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomorhina rugosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosa">Stomorhina rugosa (Bigot, 1888)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhinia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinia rugosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosa">= Rhinia rugosa</taxonomicName>
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Bigot, 1888: 591.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Sierra Leone.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Curran" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Stomorhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomorhina mitis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mitis">= Stomorhina mitis</taxonomicName>
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Curran, 1931: 18.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: South Africa, Natal [KwaZulu-Natal].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seguy" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhinia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinia hyphena" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyphena">= Rhinia hyphena</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
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, 1958: 188.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Guinea.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Afrotropical</emphasis>
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: Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Guinea (today could be Guinea, Guinea-Bissau or Equatorial Guinea), Kenya, Lesotho*, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan (reported as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan), South Africa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F6961631" captionText="Figure 25. Stomorhina rugosa occurrence map in South Africa, including eSwatini (eSw) and Lesotho (Le); horizontal axis longitude east and vertical axis latitude south." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.10.e72764.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/534552" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">25</figureCitation>
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), eSwatini*, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Palaearctic</emphasis>
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: Saudi Arabia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Notes</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Preferred environment</emphasis>
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: coast scarp forest, grassland, scrub and wooded grassland area, near streams, on the margin of dune forest, sewage-seepage area, bushveld and in picnic area. In Zimbabwe, the species was collected indoors and in Namibia, it was collected at a damaged termite mound and is apparently restricted to the Mesic Savannah Biome (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Recorded elevations</emphasis>
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: 10-1480 m a.s.l.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Seasonality</emphasis>
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: present year-round with greatest abundance from November to February and least in May, August and September in South Africa. In Namibia, it was recorded in January and December in low numbers (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Behaviour and ecology</emphasis>
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: females were observed ovipositing in newly-excavated termite mounds.
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<bibRefCitation author="Peris, Salvador V" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="224 - 233" refId="B7070854" refString="Peris, Salvador V, 1952. Notas sobre Rhiniini con descripcion de nuevas formas. Anales de la Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei 2 (3-4): 224 - 233" title="Notas sobre Rhiniini con descripcion de nuevas formas" volume="2" year="1952">Peris (1952a)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated that
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. rugosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" rank="species" species="rugosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">S. rugosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was caught on dung in Nigeria and seen buzzing over a termite nest in South Africa. In Ethiopia, a female of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. rugosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" rank="species" species="rugosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">S. rugosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was seen emerging from a caterpillar of Fall Army Worm
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Abbot" authorityYear="1797" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Spodoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spodoptera frugiperda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frugiperda">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Spodoptera frugiperda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Smith) (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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) and the pupa was found inside the caterpillar (Tadele Tefera and Robert Copeland, personal communication). Specimens were collected on flowers of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cussonia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cussonia" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Cussonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Poinsettia" higherTaxonomySource="IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poinsettia" order="Euphorbiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Poinsettia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Graham in South Africa.
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<bibRefCitation author="Cuthbertson, Alexander" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="32 - 50" refId="B7073112" refString="Cuthbertson, Alexander, 1934. Biological notes on some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia. Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 33: 32 - 50" title="Biological notes on some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia" volume="33" year="1934">Cuthbertson (1934)</bibRefCitation>
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(as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. mitis" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" rank="species" species="mitis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">S. mitis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) found adults on daisy flowers in Eastern Victoria (Zimbabwe) in June 1932.
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<bibRefCitation author="Peris, Salvador V" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="224 - 233" refId="B7070854" refString="Peris, Salvador V, 1952. Notas sobre Rhiniini con descripcion de nuevas formas. Anales de la Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei 2 (3-4): 224 - 233" title="Notas sobre Rhiniini con descripcion de nuevas formas" volume="2" year="1952">Peris (1952a)</bibRefCitation>
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reported specimens collected on honey-bearing wild flowers and on wild flowers in Zambia.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Life cycle and developmental stages</emphasis>
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: unknown, but
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<bibRefCitation author="Cuthbertson, Alexander" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="32 - 50" refId="B7073112" refString="Cuthbertson, Alexander, 1934. Biological notes on some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia. Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 33: 32 - 50" title="Biological notes on some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia" volume="33" year="1934">Cuthbertson (1934)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated that eggs are large (1.5 mm) and hatch immediately after being deposited in soil.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Collection methods</emphasis>
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: Malaise, blue pan and light traps. In Namibia, it was collected with Malaise traps (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Illustrations and photographs</emphasis>
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: male habitus as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F6961635" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus, left lateral view of Stomorhina rugosa male BMSA DIP 92522 from Malawi; scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.10.e72764.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/534559" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">26</figureCitation>
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. Male terminalia as in fig. 33 in
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<bibRefCitation author="Zumpt, Fritz" journalOrPublisher="[III] +" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 209" refId="B7073017" refString="Zumpt, Fritz, 1958. Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorrapha) Part II: Rhiniini. Exploration du Parc National Albert, Mission G. F. de Witte (1933-1935). [III] + 92: 1 - 209" title="Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorrapha) Part II: Rhiniini. Exploration du Parc National Albert, Mission G. F. de Witte (1933 - 1935)" volume="92" year="1958">Zumpt (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Material examined</emphasis>
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: Suppl. materials 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |