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108 lines
13 KiB
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<document id="8361A96C5ED6ACA4BB79BEF458FAE0BB" ID-CLB-Dataset="171434" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5196.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3d991905-3cd1-4d94-9a8d-c311935296ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7235500" ID-ZooBank="F4552FEB-FF4F-49FB-B74B-6F8F7B8D450A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666361969677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bhaskar, Dhaneesh, Sankararaman, H. & Kasalo, Niko" docDate="2022" docId="530F87FED74F8A5653C2EB04FE110AD0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5169.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5196 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cleostratini Bolivar 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="428" masterDocId="AF36FF86D7478A5E5355EE23FFEA0D51" masterDocTitle="Dravidacris annamalaica gen. et sp. nov. a new pygmy unicorn grasshopper (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from South India" masterLastPageNumber="432" masterPageNumber="420" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1699408120699" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="92526BDE5D4F75ED2F29297501A4CFD9">
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<mods:title id="92A2F89E433224CAFFA99AF472F36674">Dravidacris annamalaica gen. et sp. nov. a new pygmy unicorn grasshopper (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from South India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="182ADCA10BC44DB5AD1005F428941DDD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A28229C62FD1673B8E4421EC2BD25370">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0F0826A428078F2C492081519BE8FD35">Bhaskar, Dhaneesh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A65BD14CE77E7086B27D9FB9EAE27D15">IUCN SSC Grasshopper Specialist Group, Trier University, Germany. & SIGTET-Special Interest Group Tetrigidae. & Care Earth Trust, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600061, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="0F5EC03059B720290BA14A1CC7DF0D99" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FEDA75A84C6096BE855AB17638BED780">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C00B85C3AE771FB332B3CF7E6A21BE1B">Sankararaman, H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DEC3A10A08162F220D6F4B77596B98FD">Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 642103, India. & Department of Crop protection (Entomology), Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 642103, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CD07524EFDFFFB2FCE6AFBA8D6A306E6">Kasalo, Niko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5E8C1A562D67A06CB46E318926F22C6">SIGTET-Special Interest Group Tetrigidae. & University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltovtrg 6, HR- 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="20D7C9976338818BE973994FED36DCCA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="68CA6DD6FDDB770021B20442EF5A1D14">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="921723F1F06AD7B2B3980C1A0245329C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="26D98868465A26450E3B0BE15FB5D275">2022-10-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E037DC801161A495E77E50D7C11936E1">5196</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CB12C10C3ACBC1A920717FDB3EB9BE1A">3</mods:number>
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<treatment id="530F87FED74F8A5653C2EB04FE110AD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7235538" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203130426" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7235538" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:530F87FED74F8A5653C2EB04FE110AD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/530F87FED74F8A5653C2EB04FE110AD0" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">
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<subSubSection id="93BC6563D74F8A5653C2EB04FD890810" box="[151,611,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DB1936E8D74F8A5653C2EB04FD890810" blockId="8.[151,611,1319,1345]" box="[151,611,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">
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<heading id="80518184D74F8A5653C2EB04FD890810" bold="true" box="[151,611,1319,1345]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E9D2EAFAD74F8A5653C2EB04FD890810" bold="true" box="[151,611,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">
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The tribe
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<taxonomicName id="1CA64D6BD74F8A565246EB04FE4D0810" ID-CoL="8PSZK" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1887" box="[275,423,1319,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleostratini">Cleostratini</taxonomicName>
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is polyphyletic
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="93BC6563D74F8A5653C2EB4CFE110AD0" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DB1936E8D74F8A5653C2EB4CFE110AD0" blockId="8.[151,1437,1391,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">
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The tribe
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<taxonomicName id="1CA64D6BD74F8A56525DEB4CFE6408D8" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1887" box="[264,398,1391,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleostratini">Cleostratini</taxonomicName>
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, as defined by
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A56516BEB4CFCCA08D8" author="Storozhenko, S. Y." box="[574,800,1391,1417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref8764" refString="Storozhenko, S. Y. (2016) Review of the Pygmy Grasshoppers of the tribe Cleostratini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Far Eastern Entomologist, 326, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2016">Storozhenko (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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has already been discussed by
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A5657DEEB4CFAB408D8" author="Silva, D. S. M. & Skejo, J. & Pereira, M. R. & De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F." box="[1163,1374,1391,1417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref8320" refString="Silva, D. S. M., Skejo, J., Pereira, M. R., De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F. (2017) Comments on the recent changes in taxonomy of pygmy unicorns, with description of a new species of Metopomystrum from Brazil (Insecta, Tetrigidae, Cleostratini, Miriatrini). ZooKeys, 702, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 702.13981" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Silva
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<emphasis id="E9D2EAFAD74F8A56579BEB53FAE208D8" box="[1230,1288,1391,1417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, who concluded that the taxon is polyphyletic. In the definition proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A5650EAEBB0FB6508FC" author="Silva, D. S. M. & Skejo, J. & Pereira, M. R. & De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F." box="[959,1167,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref8320" refString="Silva, D. S. M., Skejo, J., Pereira, M. R., De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F. (2017) Comments on the recent changes in taxonomy of pygmy unicorns, with description of a new species of Metopomystrum from Brazil (Insecta, Tetrigidae, Cleostratini, Miriatrini). ZooKeys, 702, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 702.13981" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Silva
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<emphasis id="E9D2EAFAD74F8A565754EBB7FBD908FC" box="[1025,1075,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">et al</emphasis>
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. (2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, the tribe is monotypic, including only the nominal genus. The authors observed that the fastigial “horn” is a character by which different genera were grouped and appeared multiple times independently. This can be seen in how the horn of
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<taxonomicName id="1CA64D6BD74F8A56564EEBF8FEE30B48" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Cleostratus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E9D2EAFAD74F8A56564EEBF8FA7608A4" box="[1307,1436,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">Cleostratus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A5653C2EBDDFEE30B48" author="Stal, C." box="[151,265,1534,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="33 - 58" refId="ref8738" refString="Stal, C. (1877) Orthoptera nova ex Insulis Philippinis descripsit. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlinger, 34, 33 - 58." type="journal article" year="1877">Stål, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is formed, with the bifurcation of the frontal costa placed above the compound eyes (
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A565784EBDCFA7B0B48" author="Silva, D. S. M. & Skejo, J. & Pereira, M. R. & De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F." box="[1233,1425,1535,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref8320" refString="Silva, D. S. M., Skejo, J., Pereira, M. R., De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F. (2017) Comments on the recent changes in taxonomy of pygmy unicorns, with description of a new species of Metopomystrum from Brazil (Insecta, Tetrigidae, Cleostratini, Miriatrini). ZooKeys, 702, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 702.13981" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Silva
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<emphasis id="E9D2EAFAD74F8A565641E823FAAF0B48" box="[1300,1349,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="428">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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). There is no doubt that the fastigial horn, defined broadly as per
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A5650C5E800FB9C0B6C" author="Storozhenko, S. Y." box="[912,1142,1571,1597]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref8764" refString="Storozhenko, S. Y. (2016) Review of the Pygmy Grasshoppers of the tribe Cleostratini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Far Eastern Entomologist, 326, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2016">Storozhenko (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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, is a character that arose independently multiple times. However, since the herein described species possesses such a horn, we compare it to other horned taxa to briefly consider its taxonomic placement in a very broad sense. The following overview is a reconsideration of
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A5652CEE8ACFDBD0BFB" author="Gunther, K." box="[411,599,1679,1706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="3 - 56" refId="ref7417" refString="Gunther, K. (1959) Die Tetrigidae (Orthopt., Caelifera) von Madagaskar mit einer Erorterung ihrer zoogeographischen Beziehungen und ihrer phylogenetischen Verwandtschaften. Abhandlungen und Berichte aus den Staatlichen Museen fur Tierkunde und Volkerkunde in Dresden, Serie A: Zoology, 24, 3 - 56." type="journal article" year="1959">Günther’s (1959</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="BF374B19D74F8A565131E8ACFD770BF8" author="Gunther, K." box="[612,669,1679,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="428" pagination="937 - 1031" refId="ref7470" refString="Gunther, K. (1974) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tetrigiodea (Orth. Caelifera) von Madagaskar und von Mauritius. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Zoologie, 3 e Serie, 236 (Zoologie 160), 937 - 1031." type="journal article" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
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) hypotheses and by no means represents a confident reconstruction of the species’ phylogeny. Although we consider the fastigial horn not as a simple character but as a collection of several characters (width of the scutellum, width of the vertex, position of the bifurcation of frontal costa, length of the fastigial protrusion, length of the medial carina of vertex, the zone above which vertex elongation occurred), and include several more general characters, those still represent just a minor fraction of characters that should be examined for a well-supported cladistic reconstruction, which is beyond the scope of this paper and should be done in the future on a larger dataset.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |