525 lines
88 KiB
XML
525 lines
88 KiB
XML
<document id="C147DC7C909FB0BC4C4ADE159D7B3648" ID-CLB-Dataset="30614" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4388.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20152fe9-34a6-4cdd-850b-d8c825b5e95b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187871" ID-ZooBank="33075379-7E70-4B6F-B4B6-94900A44B5D1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520060022100" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wu, Xuwen & Xu, Kuidong" docDate="2018" docId="03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4388.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4388 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Levensteiniella manusensis Wu & Xu 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="FFC5CA35FFF8C17EFFDFFFAC962BFF91" masterDocTitle="Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Polynoidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Manus Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="102" pageNumber="104" updateTime="1698526562143" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="314D663E946F6A03C424F7A07D624840">Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Polynoidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Manus Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F2683120540BF680D77203A3A0BCCD4A">Wu, Xuwen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="538AF3E2F23C68002CA182FFC0684F78">Xu, Kuidong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FE47F1BE6C4E9DD0BF09700277B8CF00">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D27C814F8A178DDF72F5EE7FFCCD011F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A827549189954B45E6FDE373189A8455">
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<mods:date id="AE1F2C9A18008B461E9AA4334AEDFE2B">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FBFFE10196EEA17FC288CB516BA07674">2018-03-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="34367D3F2A3E25E152AB93E2AC5E8631">4388</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D6666409E11F815E33F80C2190B0C0F2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4388.1.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5971640" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141264255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5971640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFAC17CFF48FF3B9756FF42" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF48FF3B946CFF23" blockId="2.[151,583,151,211]" box="[151,583,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<heading id="D0A2B437FFFAC17CFF48FF3B946CFF23" bold="true" box="[151,583,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFF48FF3B946CFF23" bold="true" box="[151,583,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFAC17CFF48FF3B97C8FF20" ID-CoL="6PVHM" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,483,151,177]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFF48FF3B97C8FF20" bold="true" box="[151,483,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFAC17CFE36FF34946CFF23" box="[489,583,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF48FF169756FF42" blockId="2.[151,583,151,211]" box="[151,381,186,211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFAC17CFF48FF169735FF42" box="[151,286,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1561,1583]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1435,837,1541]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1436,836,1547]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Distribution of six species of Levensteiniella described to date based on present study and those of Pettibone (1985, 1988, 1989a, b, 1990) and Hourdez & Desbruyères (2000, 2003)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1187873/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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; Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFAC17AFF48FEAE93ACFE3C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF48FEAE92BCFEF2" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3D0906FFFAC17CFF48FEAE93B2FEAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873319" collectionCode="ROV" location="Manus Back-Arc Basin" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" specimenCode="MBM286002" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Western" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFF48FEAE976DFE8A" bold="true" box="[151,326,258,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFAC17CFF48FEAE96F9FE8A" box="[151,210,258,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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All
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<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFAC17CFEA6FEAF9782FE8A" box="[377,425,259,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">type</typeStatus>
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specimens were collected by the
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<collectionCode id="ED449B9EFFFAC17CFCF8FEAF9549FE8A" box="[807,866,259,283]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15413" name="Museo Civico di Rovereto" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">ROV</collectionCode>
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFCB5FEA89595FE8A" box="[874,958,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">FaXian</emphasis>
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, except the
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<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFAC17CFB97FEAF9282FE8A" box="[1096,1193,259,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="DBF3AB20FFFAC17CFB6FFEAE9360FE8A" box="[1200,1355,258,283]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">MBM286002</specimenCode>
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, which was obtained by a TV grab, from hydrothermal vents in the
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<location id="8E8A5580FFFAC17CFCAFFE8B92A9FEAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1:8E8A5580FFFAC17CFCAFFE8B92A9FEAE" box="[880,1154,294,319]" name="Manus Back-Arc Basin" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" stateProvince="Western">Manus Back-Arc Basin</location>
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of the
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<collectingRegion id="4991CDB9FFFAC17CFB3FFE8B9310FEAF" box="[1248,1339,295,318]" country="Fiji" name="Western" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Western</collectingRegion>
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Pacific
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B3D0906FFFAC17CFF48FEE692B8FEF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873320" box="[151,1171,330,355]" collectingDate="2015-06-18" collectionCode="MBM" elevation="1940" latitude="-3.6799123" location="Dive" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="151.86455" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" specimenCode="MBM285996" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFAC17CFF48FEE6972FFEF2" box="[151,260,330,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBF3AB20FFFAC17CFED1FEE69782FEF2" box="[270,425,330,355]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">MBM285996</specimenCode>
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,
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<location id="8E8A5580FFFAC17CFE6BFEE697C1FEF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCB24DFFFAC178FF48FF3B94B6FED1:8E8A5580FFFAC17CFE6BFEE697C1FEF2" box="[436,490,330,355]" latitude="-3.6799123" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="151.86455" name="Dive" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" stateProvince="Western">Dive</location>
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40,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE61659CFFFAC17CFDC3FEE694F6FEF2" box="[540,733,330,355]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="151.86455">151°51'52.328''E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE61659CFFFAC17CFD37FEE695A7FEF2" box="[744,908,330,355]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="-3.6799123">3°40'47.684''S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0078E468FFFAC17CFC48FEE795C5FEF3" box="[919,1006,331,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1940.0">
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<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFAC17CFC48FEE795C5FEF3" box="[919,1006,331,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFAFDC73FFFAC17CFC25FEE792B8FEF2" box="[1018,1171,330,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" value="2015-06-18">
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<date id="FFEB259BFFFAC17CFC25FEE792B8FEF2" box="[1018,1171,330,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" value="2015-06-18">18 June 2015</date>
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</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF18FEC39758FD86" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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Paratypes: MBM285997 (n=3), same collection information as above. MBM285998 (n=1), Dive 39, 151°51'47.613''E, 3°40'54.605''S,
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<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFAC17CFDFAFE3E94ADFE3B" box="[549,646,402,427]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.853" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1853.0">1853 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFEB259BFFFAC17CFD43FE3F956CFE3A" box="[668,839,402,427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" value="2015-06-17">17 June 2015</date>
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; MBM285999 (n=2), Dive 33, 151°40'20.851''E, 3°43'42.065''S,
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<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFAC17CFE98FE1B97B5FE5F" box="[327,414,439,463]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.707" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1707.0">1707 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFEB259BFFFAC17CFE74FE1B946DFE5E" box="[427,582,438,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" value="2015-06-12">12 June 2015</date>
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; MBM286000 (n=4), same collection information as above; MBM2860001 (n=1), same collection information as above; MBM286002 (n=1), 151°40'19.56''E, 3°43'40.8''S,
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<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFAC17CFB06FE77931AFE63" box="[1241,1329,475,499]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.708" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1708.0">1708 m</quantity>
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, coll. TV grab,
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<date id="FFEB259BFFFAC17CFF09FE53975BFD86" box="[214,368,510,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" value="2015-06-21">21 June 2015</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF18FD8E9711FD36" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFF18FD8E975BFDAA" bold="true" box="[199,368,546,571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Type locality.</emphasis>
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Hydrothermal vent in the Manus Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific (151°51'52.328''E, 3°40'47.684''S,
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<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFAC17CFE97FDEB978FFDCE" box="[328,420,583,607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</quantity>
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). Most specimens were collected in the surrounding areas of the mussel (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFAC17CFB2BFDEA9478FD12" authority="Hashimoto & Furuta, 2007" authorityName="Hashimoto & Furuta" authorityYear="2007" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="manusensis">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFB2BFDEA9733FD12" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Bathymodiolus manusensis</emphasis>
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Hashimoto & Furuta, 2007
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</taxonomicName>
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) bed and the community of tube-worms (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFAC17CFBF3FDC79706FD36" authority="Southward & Galkin, 1997" authorityName="Southward & Galkin" authorityYear="1997" class="Polychaeta" family="Siboglinidae" genus="Arcovestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ivanovi">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFBF3FDC792D6FD12" box="[1068,1277,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Arcovestia ivanovi</emphasis>
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Southward & Galkin, 1997
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF2A53D3FFFAC17CFF48F88495FDF8EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" startId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" targetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFAC17CFF48F88495FDF8EA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1832,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
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<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFF48F8849738F8AF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1832,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFAC17CFEC4F884941BF8AF" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[283,560,1832,1854]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFEC4F884941BF8AF" box="[283,560,1832,1854]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFAC17CFDE8F88494A3F8AF" box="[567,648,1832,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFAC17CFDE8F88494A3F8AF" bold="true" box="[567,648,1832,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B) and (E–J).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17DFFA7FDC89153FDEB" blockId="3.[120,1912,612,677]" box="[120,1912,612,635]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFFA7FDC896F6FDEB" bold="true" box="[120,221,612,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED449B9EFFFBC17DFFA7FDC896EDFDEB" box="[120,198,612,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">TABLE</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Comparisons of main features of the six species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFD6BFDC9956BFDEB" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[692,832,613,634]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFD6BFDC9956BFDEB" box="[692,832,613,634]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviation:
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFC0EFDC89205FDEB" bold="true" box="[977,1070,612,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Segments</emphasis>
|
||
, number of segments;
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFADEFDC99333FDEB" bold="true" box="[1281,1304,613,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Lt</emphasis>
|
||
, total length of bođy;
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFA3AFDC99024FDEB" bold="true" box="[1509,1551,613,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Wm</emphasis>
|
||
, maximum wiđth of bođy with chaetae
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17DFFA7FD2394D7FD34" blockId="3.[120,1912,612,677]" box="[120,764,655,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
incluđeđ;
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFF0BFD3C96D9FD34" bold="true" box="[212,242,656,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">VP</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral papillae;
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFE46FD2397EDFD34" bold="true" box="[409,454,655,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">PCL</emphasis>
|
||
, postchaetal lobe of notopođium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17DFED3FD119083FCC4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<table id="F955F1FBFFFB3E81FFA7FD10916AFCC4" box="[120,1857,700,853]" gridcols="7" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FD10916AFD43" box="[120,1857,700,722]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FD1097F5FD43" box="[268,478,700,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFED3FD119745FD40" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[268,366,700,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kincaidi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFED3FD119745FD40" box="[268,366,700,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. kincaidi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFD1094EDFD43" box="[545,710,700,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFDFEFD119459FD43" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1989" box="[545,626,701,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="raisae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFDFEFD119459FD43" box="[545,626,701,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. raisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FD1095EDFD43" box="[811,966,700,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFCF4FD119583FD40" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1990" box="[811,936,700,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFCF4FD119583FD40" box="[811,936,700,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FD109313FD43" box="[1113,1336,700,722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFB86FD119299FD40" authorityName="Hourdez & Desbruyeres" authorityYear="2000" box="[1113,1202,700,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFB86FD119299FD40" box="[1113,1202,700,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. plicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABBFD109068FD43" box="[1380,1603,700,722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DFABBFD1193B0FD43" authorityName="Hourdez & Desbruyeres" authorityYear="2003" box="[1380,1435,701,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DFABBFD1193B0FD43" box="[1380,1435,701,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. iris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FD10916AFD43" box="[1646,1857,700,722]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFBC17DF9B1FD1190DAFD43" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1646,1777,701,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DF9B1FD1190DAFD43" box="[1646,1777,701,722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">L. manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFBC17DF928FD10916AFD40" box="[1783,1857,700,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFBC17DF928FD10916AFD40" bold="true" box="[1783,1857,700,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<table id="F955F1FBFFFB3E81FFA7FD44915DFBCA" box="[120,1910,744,1115]" gridrows="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FD44916AFD6E" box="[120,1857,744,767]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FFA7FD4496F5FD6E" box="[120,222,744,767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">References</th>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FD4497F5FD6E" box="[268,478,744,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Pettibone (1985, 1988,</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFD4494EDFD6E" box="[545,710,744,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Pettibone (1989a)</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FD4495EDFD6E" box="[811,966,744,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Pettibone (1990)</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FD449313FD6E" box="[1113,1336,744,767]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Hourđez & Desbruyẻres</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABBFD449068FD6E" box="[1380,1603,744,767]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Hourđez & Desbruyẻres</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FD44916AFD6E" box="[1646,1857,744,767]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Present paper</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FCBF916AFCBB" box="[120,1857,787,810]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FCBF97F5FCBB" box="[268,478,787,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">1989b, 1990)</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FCBF9313FCBB" box="[1113,1336,787,810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">(2000)</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABBFCBF9068FCBB" box="[1380,1603,787,810]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">(2003)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FC93916AFCC4" box="[120,1857,831,853]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FFA7FC9396F5FCC4" box="[120,222,831,853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Segments</th>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FC9397F5FCC4" box="[268,478,831,853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">22̅25</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFC9394EDFCC4" box="[545,710,831,853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">27</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FC9395EDFCC4" box="[811,966,831,853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Not reporteđ</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FC939313FCC4" box="[1113,1336,831,853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">28</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABBFC939068FCC4" box="[1380,1603,831,853]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">22̅25</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FC93916AFCC4" box="[1646,1857,831,853]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">24̅28</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17DFFA7FCC090CEFBCA" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Lt/Wm 5̅19/4̅10 21/11 Not reporteđ 11̅57/±21 8.5̅14/±5 6.5̅43/4.5̅19.6 (mm) VP 2 pairs on segments 11 & 2 pairs on segments 11 & Single pair on segment 11 2 pairs on segments 11 & Single pair on segment 11 2 pairs on segments 11 & 12 12 12 12 VP structure Without đichotomous Without đichotomous Distally đichotomous Without đichotomous Without đistal branch First pair đistally branch branch branch đichotomous</paragraph>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17AFFA7FBDD93ACFE3C" blockId="3.[120,1912,1137,1288]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
Elytra Filiform micropapillae on Micro- anđ macropapillae Oval micropapillae on Smooth on surface, with Smooth on surface, with Micro- anđ macropapillae on surface anđ borđer; some on surface anđ posterior surface anđ thickeneđ large međian longituđinal thickeneđ bulbous surface anđ thickeneđ with enlargeđ bases on borđer bulbous projections on folđ on surface projections on posterior bulbous projections on posterior borđer posterior borđer borđer posterior borđer
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFCC17AFF18FF3B976AFF21" bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body with 24–28 segments,
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFCC17AFD4FFF3B953AFF3E" box="[656,785,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="0.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="31.75" valueMax="57.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–57 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, maximum width
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFCC17AFBC2FF3B929FFF3E" box="[1053,1204,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" metricValueMax="1.96" metricValueMin="0.45" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="12.05" valueMax="19.6" valueMin="4.5">4.5–19.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(including chaetae). Elytra with thickened bulbous projections along posterior border, and micro- and macropapillae on surface. Notochaetae either smooth or serrated with widely spaced spines along curved side, tips bare and blunt. Supraacicular neurochaetae slender, distal spinous region with two rows of long, widely spaced spines, and proximal spinous region with two rows of transverse teeth. Subacicular neurochaetae stouter, distal spinous region knifelike, with minute, close-set spines along curved side and slightly hooked smooth tips, and proximal spinous region with a row of transverse teeth. Two pairs of elongate ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 present only in males, first pair distally dichotomous. Pharynx with seven pairs of papillae, and two pairs of jaws without distinct teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFBC17DFFA7FAED9096F994" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<table id="F955F1FBFFFB3E81FFA7FAED9142F994" box="[120,1897,1345,1541]" gridcols="7" gridrows="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FAED9142FAC6" box="[120,1897,1345,1367]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FFA7FAED96C0FAC6" box="[120,235,1345,1367]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Notochaetae</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FAED9429FAC6" box="[268,514,1345,1367]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Serrateđ with numerous</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFAED94CBFAC6" box="[545,736,1345,1367]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Serrateđ with wiđely</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FAED920CFAC6" box="[811,1063,1345,1367]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Smooth or serrateđ with</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FAED9301FAC6" box="[1113,1322,1345,1367]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Flattnneđ with series</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABCFAED901BFAC6" box="[1379,1584,1345,1367]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">With scales on curveđ</th>
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FAED9142FAC6" box="[1646,1897,1345,1367]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Smooth or serrateđ with</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FAC09142FA13" box="[120,1897,1388,1410]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FAC09429FA13" box="[268,514,1388,1410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">spinous rows along curveđ</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFAC094CBFA13" box="[545,736,1388,1410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">spaceđ spines along</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FAC0920CFA13" box="[811,1063,1388,1410]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">wiđely spaceđ spines along</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FAC09301FA13" box="[1113,1322,1388,1410]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">about 15 scales on one</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABCFAC0901BFA13" box="[1379,1584,1388,1410]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">siđe</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FAC09142FA13" box="[1646,1897,1388,1410]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">wiđely spaceđ spines along</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FA3B9142FA3C" box="[120,1897,1431,1453]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FA3B9429FA3C" box="[268,514,1431,1453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">siđe</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFA3B94CBFA3C" box="[545,736,1431,1453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">curveđ siđe</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FA3B920CFA3C" box="[811,1063,1431,1453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">curveđ siđe</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FA3B9301FA3C" box="[1113,1322,1431,1453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">eđge</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FA3B9142FA3C" box="[1646,1897,1431,1453]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">curveđ siđe</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FA6F9142FA48" box="[120,1897,1475,1497]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FFA7FA6F96C0FA48" box="[120,235,1475,1497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">PCL</th>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FA6F9429FA48" box="[268,514,1475,1497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFA6F94CBFA48" box="[545,736,1475,1497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FA6F920CFA48" box="[811,1063,1475,1497]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FA6F9301FA48" box="[1113,1322,1475,1497]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABCFA6F901BFA48" box="[1379,1584,1475,1497]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FA6F9142FA48" box="[1646,1897,1475,1497]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Absent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35650119FFFB3E81FFA7FA439142F994" box="[120,1897,1519,1541]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<th id="76B46865FFFB3E81FFA7FA4396C0F994" box="[120,235,1519,1541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Jaws</th>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FED3FA439429F994" box="[268,514,1519,1541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">No teeth</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FDFEFA4394CBF994" box="[545,736,1519,1541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">No teeth</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FCF4FA43920CF994" box="[811,1063,1519,1541]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Not reporteđ</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FB86FA439301F994" box="[1113,1322,1519,1541]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">About 20 teeth</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81FABCFA43901BF994" box="[1379,1584,1519,1541]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">No teeth</td>
|
||
<td id="76B46865FFFB3E81F9B1FA439142F994" box="[1646,1897,1519,1541]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">No teeth</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2A53D3FFFCC17AFF48F8AD9411F85E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" startId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" targetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFCC17AFF48F8AD9411F85E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1793,1999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFCC17AFF48F8AD9730F886" bold="true" box="[151,283,1793,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFCC17AFEF5F8AD946CF886" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[298,583,1793,1815]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFCC17AFEF5F8AD946CF886" box="[298,583,1793,1815]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFCC17AFD8AF8AD9485F886" box="[597,686,1793,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFCC17AFD8AF8AD9485F886" bold="true" box="[597,686,1793,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997). A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx in dorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFCC17AFB51F8F192DBF8E2" box="[1166,1264,1885,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="elytron">st elytron</taxonomicName>
|
||
from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anterior segment; L, Elytron from posterior segment. Abbreviation: S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars: 1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFDC17BFF18FF3B9794FA51" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FF3B9577FF69" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF18FF3B9772FF21" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFDC17BFEBFFF3B97E3FF21" box="[352,456,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
well-preserved with 28 segments, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFC7BFF3495DDFF3E" box="[932,1014,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum width
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFB1AFF3B9301FF3E" box="[1221,1322,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="19.6">19.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
including chaetae and
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFEFFFF1097A8FF45" box="[288,387,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="13.6">13.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
excluding chaetae.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFDC17BFDBFFF1194E6FF44" box="[608,717,189,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
with 24–27 segments, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFBC5FF10929BFF45" box="[1050,1200,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="0.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="20.25" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5 to 34 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum width
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFAA6FF109728FF66" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="11.75" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5 to 19 mm</quantity>
|
||
including chaetae and
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFDDBFF4C94AFFF66" box="[516,644,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="8.7" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="3.4">3.4–14 mm</quantity>
|
||
excluding chaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FEA89237FDAD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Living specimens purple red, parapodia with golden chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC56FEA8922CFE8D" box="[905,1031,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body oval and flattened, tapering slightly anteriorly and more so posteriorly; parapodia almost as long as trunk width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFBBBFE8B92F0FED1" box="[1124,1243,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2A–J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eleven pairs of elytra, attached to prominent elytrophores located on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, and alternate segments to 21, completely covering dorsum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFEAFFEC397FBFE19" box="[368,464,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
); thick and stiff, round to subreniform, with thickened bulbous projections along posterior border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFEBCFE3897EDFE3D" box="[355,454,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
; 3G–L); micro- and macropapillae on surface, filiform to oval, mainly scattered in posterior part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFEE0FE1B979AFE41" box="[319,433,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3J–L</figureCitation>
|
||
), extending anteriorly in small elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFCB8FE1B9594FE41" box="[871,959,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3L</figureCitation>
|
||
), detached in larger elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFB25FE1B93A6FE41" box="[1274,1421,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3G, H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elytrophores large and prominent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFDFEFE709454FE65" box="[545,639,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
; 3A). Dorsal cirri present on segments lacking elytra, with cirrophores cylindrical, bulbous basally, attached to posterodorsal sides of notopodia; styles with long slender tips, extending beyond tips of chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFE7EFD889437FDAD" box="[417,540,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal tubercles nodular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC8DFD889584FDAD" box="[850,943,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
; 3A; 4B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FDEB922EFCA9" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Prostomium wider than long, deeply bilobed, cephalic peaks (anterior lobes) triangular with delicate frontal filaments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFED0FDC09754FD15" box="[271,383,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2E–J</figureCitation>
|
||
; frontal filaments detached in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFDC17BFD07FDC09514FD14" box="[728,831,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Ceratophore of median antenna cylindrical, inserted in anterior notch; style subulate with a long terminal filament (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC89FD23959BFD39" box="[854,944,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palps stout, tapered with slender tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFAB0FD2396CAFD5D" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
; right palp detached in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EEBDF9FFFDC17BFE21FD18944EFD5C" box="[510,613,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Lateral antennae and eyes absent. Tentacular segment (peristomium) achaetous, dorsally invisible, ventrally forming bilobed facial tubercle and lips surrounding mouth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFAEDFD7B93A5FD61" box="[1330,1422,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tentaculophores cylindrical, inserted laterally to prostomium; two pairs of tentacular cirri with long slender tips, slightly shorter than palps, dorsal pair much longer than ventral pair (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC40FCB395DCFCA9" box="[927,1015,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FCE89304FC59" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Second (buccal segment) bearing first pair of elytrophores, and biramous parapodia with notopodia and neuropodia equal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFE0BFCCB9404FC11" box="[468,559,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventral cirri (buccal cirri) morphologically similar to ventral tentacular cirri, attached basally on bulbous cirrophores, much longer than subsequent ventral cirri (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFB84FC209292FC35" box="[1115,1209,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
; 4A). Pharynx with seven pairs of similar-size, conical papillae and two pairs of slender jaws without distinct teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFB14FC039309FC59" box="[1227,1314,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FC78952CFAC5" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Biramous parapodia well developed, notopodia slightly shorter than neuropodia except for segment 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFAB0FC7896CBFB81" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Notopodia cylindrical with a projecting acicular lobe on lower side and numerous notochaetae forming a radiating bundle. Notochaetae golden, much stouter than neurochaetae, short to longer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFB4FFBB0933BFBA5" box="[1168,1296,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
), straight or slightly curved with bare blunt tips, smooth or serrated with widely spaced spines along curved side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFACAFB9393BBFBC9" box="[1301,1424,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4E–G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neuropodia including a conical prechaetal lobe with a projecting acicular process, and a short rounded postchaetal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFF01FB2B974FFB31" box="[222,356,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neurochaetae numerous, long and slender, forming a fan-shaped bundle; supra-acicular neurochaetae slender, distal spinous region with two rows of long, widely spaced spines along borders (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFAC2FB0093A5FB55" box="[1309,1422,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4H, J</figureCitation>
|
||
), and proximal spinous region with two rows of transverse teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC5DFB6395FEFB79" box="[898,981,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
|
||
); subacicular neurochaetae stouter than supra-acicular ones, distal spinous region knife-like with minute, close-set spines along curved side, and slightly hooked bare tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFEB8FABB97E8FAA1" box="[359,451,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
), proximal spinous region with a row of transverse teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFBBCFABB929FFAA1" box="[1123,1204,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FFEB259BFFFDC17BFB46FAB4929FFAA1" box="[1177,1204,1304,1328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">4I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral cirri short, tapered, attached on middle of neuropodia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFDA0FA9094D0FAC5" box="[639,763,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1522,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,363,1496]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., parapodia and chaetae of the holotype (A–D, G) and paratype (E, F, H–J, right9 parapodium, MBM285999).A–D, Fourparapodia inanterior (upper positions)and posterior (lower positions) views (A, Right 1st parapodium; B, Right 9th parapodium; C, Right 18th parapodium;D, Left last parapodium); E, Upper notochaetae; F, Lower notochaetae; G, Notochaetae; H, Subacicular neurochaetae; I, Same, showing details of proximal spinous region; J, Supra-acicular neurochaetae, showing details of distal (upper position) and proximal (lower position) spinous regions. Abbreviation:S2 referring tosegment 2, and so on.Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D), 1 mm (B, C), 100 µm (E–H) and 10 µm (I, J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 4B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FAF39794FA51" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Pygidium small, rectangular, with a pair of slender anal cirri (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFC52FAF395CFFAE9" box="[909,996,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Seven out of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D53C8D2FFFDC17BFB4AFACC9304FAE9" box="[1173,1327,1375,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
with two pairs of long ventral papillae (containing a whitish secretion) on segments 11 and 12 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFB82FA289289FA0D" box="[1117,1186,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,732,1811]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, E, G, I) and ventral (B, D, F, H, J) views. A, B, Holotype in vivo (MBM285996); C, D, Holotype preserved in alcohol; E, F, Paratype (MBM285999); G, H, The other paratype (MBM285999); I, J, Paratype (MBM286000). Scale bars:5 mm (A, B) and (E–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); the first pair distally dichotomous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E1FDEFFFDC17BFEE8FA0B9799FA51" box="[311,434,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1427,473,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., detailed structures of the holotype (A–D, G–J) and paratypes (E, MBM285998; F, MBM285999; K, L, MBM285997).A, B, Head and anterior segments, in dorsal and ventral views, right palp detached; C, D, Lateral sides of segments 11–14 in ventral views, arrows point to the dichotomous branches in the first pair of ventral papillae; E, Extended pharynx indorsal view; F, Posterior segments in ventral view; G, Left 1st elytron from segment 2; H, Left 2nd elytron from segment 4; I, Left 3rd elytron from segment 5; J, Elytron from posterior segment; K, Elytron from anteriorsegment; L, Elytron from posterior segment.Abbreviation:S1 referring to segment 1, and so on. Scale bars:1 mm (A– D, K, L), 0.5 mm (E, F) and 2 mm (G–J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFDC17BFF18FA609310FA74" box="[199,1339,1484,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FA609310FA74" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1339,1484,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF18FA60976DFA74" bold="true" box="[199,326,1484,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species is named after the location ‘Manus Basin’ where the species was discovered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFDC17BFF18FA439696F9BD" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18FA439696F9BD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF18FA439772F999" bold="true" box="[199,345,1519,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Hydrothermal vents in the Manus Back-Arc Basin,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4991CDB9FFFDC17BFC1FFA5D9230F999" box="[960,1051,1521,1544]" country="Fiji" name="Western" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
Pacific (water depth:
|
||
<quantity id="4CADAEBEFFFDC17BFAC1FA5C969AF9BD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8235" metricValueMax="1.94" metricValueMin="1.707" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" unit="m" value="1823.5" valueMax="1940.0" valueMin="1707.0">1707–1940 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F50D0FFFDC178FF18F99B94B6FED1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18F99B95AFF92C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF18F99B9710F9C1" bold="true" box="[199,315,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFE9AF99B9450F9C1" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[325,635,1591,1616]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFE9AF99B9450F9C1" box="[325,635,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFDC17BFD5AF99B94C8F9C1" box="[645,739,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFD5AF99B94C8F9C1" bold="true" box="[645,739,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a prostomium with a single median antenna, parapodia without branchiae, and long projecting acicular processes in both rami of parapodia. With these features, the new species is obviously a member of the polynoid subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFC8AF9D3920EF909" authorityName="Hartmann-Schröder" authorityYear="1971" box="[853,1061,1663,1688]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Macellicephalinae">Macellicephalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where it belongs to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFF48F908976AF92C" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,321,1700,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF48F908976AF92C" box="[151,321,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 11 pairs of elytra and up to 28 segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC17BFF18F96B978CF829" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFF18F96B97D0F971" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[199,507,1735,1760]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF18F96B97D0F971" box="[199,507,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFDC17BFDDAF96B944AF971" box="[517,609,1735,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFDDAF96B944AF971" bold="true" box="[517,609,1735,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be readily distinguished from its congeners by having two pairs of ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12, with the first pair distally dichotomous. Among the five known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFF48F8A3976AF8B9" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,321,1807,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFF48F8A3976AF8B9" box="[151,321,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFE90F8BD97E3F8B9" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[335,456,1807,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kincaidi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFE90F8BD97E3F8B9" box="[335,456,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. kincaidi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFE08F8BD9410F8B9" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1989" box="[471,571,1809,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="raisae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFE08F8BD9410F8B9" box="[471,571,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. raisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFDACF8BD94CBF8B9" authorityName="Hourdez & Desbruyeres" authorityYear="2000" box="[627,736,1807,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFDACF8BD94CBF8B9" box="[627,736,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. plicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also possess two pairs of ventral papillae, in which, however, no dichotomous branches occur in the first pair (Tab. 1).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFCFEF898927FF8DD" authority="Wu & Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[801,1108,1844,1869]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFCFEF898927FF8DD" box="[801,1108,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2126232FFFDC17BFB83F898929CF8DC" box="[1116,1207,1844,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFB83F898929CF8DC" bold="true" box="[1116,1207,1844,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
resembles the other two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFEF6F8F597EAF8E1" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1990" box="[297,449,1879,1904]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFEF6F8F597EAF8E1" box="[297,449,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFE25F8F59416F8E1" authorityName="Hourdez & Desbruyeres" authorityYear="2003" box="[506,573,1881,1904]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFE25F8F59416F8E1" box="[506,573,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. iris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the presence of thickened bulbous projections on the posterior border of elytra (Tab. 1). However, the latter two species have a single pair of ventral papillae on segment 11 (vs. two pairs on segments 11 and 12).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA035BFFFDC178FF18F86894B6FED1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Other diagnostic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFDC17BFDDBF8699488F84D" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[516,675,1989,2012]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFDC17BFDDBF8699488F84D" box="[516,675,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="107">L. manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include: the elytra possessing both micro- and macropapillae on the surface and thickened bulbous projections on the posterior border; and the notochaetae either smooth or serrated on the curved side. Among the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FD9AFF1094C5FF44" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[581,750,188,213]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FD9AFF1094C5FF44" box="[581,750,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FCEBFF1195BCFF45" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1989" box="[820,919,189,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="raisae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FCEBFF1195BCFF45" box="[820,919,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">L. raisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FC13FF119249FF44" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1990" box="[972,1122,188,213]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FC13FF119249FF44" box="[972,1122,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">L. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similar notochaetae as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FF68FF4D9772FF69" authorityName="Wu & Xu" authorityYear="2018" box="[183,345,225,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FF68FF4D9772FF69" box="[183,345,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">L. manusensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nonetheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FDDBFF4D9441FF69" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1989" box="[516,618,225,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="raisae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FDDBFF4D9441FF69" box="[516,618,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">L. raisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses no thickened bulbous projections on the posterior border of elytra and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FECDFEA99780FE8C" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1990" box="[274,427,260,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FECDFEA99780FE8C" box="[274,427,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">L. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no macropapillae on the surface of elytra (Tab. 1). Based on these distinctions, we provide a key to all species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B921DF49FFFEC178FE33FE8B94B6FED1" box="[492,669,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5578D8FFFEC178FE33FE8B94B2FED1" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[492,665,295,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Levensteiniella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |