340 lines
42 KiB
XML
340 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="ADCCF995031767F8EC4C37D90DB5CD2E">An atlas of wing photographs and a key to species of the genus Culicoides Latreille from Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), including new records, new synonymy, two new species and new status of Culicoides neghmei Vargas and C. propinquus Macfie</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D70C9A9A71863622EF7E602435D33B1">Huerta, Herón</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="79A8B8A2B74F18C7C875687AA9A2D490">Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos-InDRE, Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177, Col. Unidad Lomas Plateros, D. T. Álvaro Obregón, CP. 01480, México City, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BBD8B399C2C648A393FEA03D8B6738AF">Spinelli, Gustavo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1DF6E52221AE41125BE5DFF8248E307A">División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s / n, 1900 La Plata, CCT-ILPLA, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D46B38BF4D253D67C578287BE8828216">Grogan Jr, William L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="819A08F20691F74FABE0571F0D819CD1">Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, 1911 SW 34 th Street, Gainesville, Florida 32614 - 7100, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2CBFD3EBDB9CC35F2F5F81EEC06DCEAC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8AE53528652C109070A4EB6AF813036B">
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<mods:date id="FB92DD67A806D1336622D2BEA796F1C1">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="907F87020720405BB668E2D8261211BF">2025-01-07</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC185FEFFFDE6FEE1" blockId="10.[151,610,281,344]" box="[151,610,281,308]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0A28621EA76FFBDC185FEFFFDE6FEE1" bold="true" box="[151,610,281,308]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FEFFFDE6FEE1" bold="true" box="[151,610,281,308]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC185FEFFFE62FEE1" ID-CoL="8BP9H" authority="Vargas" authorityName="Vargas. Vargas" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,486,281,308]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei" status="stat. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FEFFFE02FEE1" bold="true" box="[151,390,281,308]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Culicoides neghmei</emphasis>
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Vargas
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2125024EA76FFBDC0E0FEFCFDE6FEE1" box="[498,610,282,308]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA76FFBDC185FED8FEDFFE8D" box="[151,347,318,344]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC185FED8FEDFFE8D" blockId="10.[151,610,281,344]" box="[151,347,318,344]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC18DFED8FF76FE8D" box="[159,242,318,344]" captionStart="FIGURE 75–82" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[175,1428,190,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[151,1436,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 75–82. Wings, dorsal view. Female and male. Fluvialis group: 75. Culicoides castillae Fox, 76. Culicoides leopoldoi Ortiz. Leoni group: 77. Culicoides gabaldoni Ortiz, 78. Culicoides glabellus Wirth & Blanton, 79. Culicoides leoni Barbosa. 80. Culicoides reevesi Wirth. Limai group: 81. Culicoides luglani Jones & Wirth, 82. Culicoides neghmei Vargas (male). Scale: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612861/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC1ECFED8FED7FE8D" box="[254,339,318,344]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">99–103</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA76FFBDC185FE9AFEC8FD5C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC185FE9AFE6DFE46" ID-CoL="8BP9H" authority="Vargas, 1955" authorityName="Vargas. Vargas" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,489,379,404]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei">
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<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FE9AFEE4FE41" box="[151,352,380,404]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Culicoides neghmei</emphasis>
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Vargas, 1955
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</taxonomicName>
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(male, female; description;
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC216FE9AFCD0FE41" box="[772,852,380,404]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC24CFE9AFC0EFE41" box="[862,906,380,404]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
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locality Atlixco,
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||
<collectingRegion id="4991FFAFEA76FFBDC52AFE9AFB04FE41" box="[1080,1152,380,404]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Puebla</collectingRegion>
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; figures: wing, palpus, male genitalia, paramere).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC0B2FE7CFDF2FE67" author="Wirth, W. W. & Dyce, A. L. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[416,630,410,434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref40720" refString="Wirth, W. W., Dyce, A. L. & Spinelli, G. R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1988">
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||
Wirth
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||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC0F3FE7DFD91FE67" box="[481,533,410,434]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
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||
1988: 58
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
(atlas of wing photographs of Neotropical species; distribution; miscellaneous unplaced species);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC09AFE5FFD17FE04" author="Borkent, A. & Wirth, W. W." box="[392,659,441,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 257" refId="ref35844" refString="Borkent, A. & Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1 - 257." type="journal article" year="1997">Borkent & Wirth 1997: 75</bibRefCitation>
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||
(in world species of biting midges);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC51BFE5FFAAEFE04" author="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[1033,1322,441,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref35627" refString="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of New World Biting Midges south of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent & Spinelli 2000: 42</bibRefCitation>
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||
(in catalog of new world south of the
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<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC0C7FE3EFDE5FE25" box="[469,609,472,496]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">United States</collectingCountry>
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; distribution);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC3E4FE3EFB9CFE3A" author="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[758,1048,471,496]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref35670" refString="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, J. R., Rueda-Delgado, G. & Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp." type="book" year="2007">Borkent & Spinelli 2007: 66</bibRefCitation>
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||
(in catalog of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC5C1FE3EFA04FE25" ID-CoL="7WQ" box="[1235,1408,472,496]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
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||
of the Neotropical region; distribution);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC353FE10FC06FDDB" author="Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P." box="[577,898,502,526]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref35578" refString="Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the biting midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4787.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Borkent & Dominiak 2020: 139</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in catalogue of biting midges of the world); Mendez & Ibáñez-Bernal 2023: 32 (in catalogue of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC3B3FDF3FC89FDF8" ID-CoL="9G2GV" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[673,781,533,557]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC3B3FDF3FC89FDF8" box="[673,781,533,557]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Culicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
of
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC23DFDF3FC04FDF8" box="[815,896,533,557]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
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; miscellaneous unplaced species).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC185FDD2FB38FD99" blockId="10.[151,1437,379,649]" box="[151,1212,563,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB451663EA76FFBDC185FDD2FB38FD99" box="[151,1212,563,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF4175CEA76FFBDC185FDD2FC88FD9E" author="Vargas, L." box="[151,780,563,588]" page="125" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1972">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC185FDD2FC88FD9E" ID-CoL="8BP9H" authority="Vargas. Vargas 1972: 125" authorityName="Vargas. Vargas" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,780,563,588]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei" subGenus="Glaphiromyia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FDD2FD80FD99" box="[151,516,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Culicoides (Glaphiromyia) neghmei</emphasis>
|
||
Vargas.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC349FDD2FC88FD9E" author="Vargas, L." box="[603,780,563,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="116 - 129" refId="ref39700" refString="Vargas, L. (1972) Los subgeneros de Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de Investigacion en Salud Publica, 32 (2), 116 - 129." type="journal article" year="1972">Vargas 1972: 125</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in list of Mexican species and subgenus).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC185FDB4FEC8FD5C" blockId="10.[151,1437,379,649]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC185FDB4FD5EFDBF" ID-CoL="8BP9H" authority="Vargas. Wirth 1974: 34" authorityName="Vargas. Wirth" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,730,594,619]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei" subGenus="Oecacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FDB4FE51FDBF" box="[151,469,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Culicoides (Oecacta) neghmei</emphasis>
|
||
Vargas. Wirth 1974: 34
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in catalogue of
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<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC28BFDB4FC61FDBF" box="[921,997,594,618]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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||
of the Americas south of
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC41AFDB4FA1DFDBF" box="[1288,1433,594,618]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
; distribution).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA76FFBDC185FD56FECBFCE3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC185FD56FECBFCE3" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC185FD56FE96FD1F" bold="true" box="[151,274,688,714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Distinguished by its wing with a large pale spot in distal portion of cell r
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||
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|
||
broadly abutting costal wing margin; fore and mid femora with subapical pale band, hind femur dark brown, hind tibia with subbasal pale band and distal wide pale band; parameres with a large, stout, subapical, laterally directed like-spine. Female unknown (see comments).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA76FFBDC1D5FCD9FE26FA08" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC1D5FCD9FCDCFAFF" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC1D5FCD9FE11FC8F" bold="true" box="[199,405,831,858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description male</emphasis>
|
||
. Head dark brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC36CFCA6FD51FC8F" box="[638,725,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes bare; flagellum dark brown; base of flagellomeres 1–9 pale, flagellomeres 10–13 uniformly dark brown; flagellomeres 1–9 vasiform, 10–13 separated, subcylindrical; flagellomere 10 2.3x shorter than 11; AR 0.85; sensilla coeloconica on flagellomeres 1(?), 8–10. Palpus dark brown; third segment slightly swollen, with a moderately deep sensory pit opening by a small pore;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4991FFAFEA76FFBDC5D4FC4DFB6CFC10" box="[1222,1256,939,965]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PR</collectingRegion>
|
||
2.85; P/H ratio 0.54. Thorax dark brown. Slide mounted specimens not in position to describe the scutal pattern. Legs dark brown, femoral-tibial joints dark brown; femora dark brown, fore and mid femora with subapical and tibiae with subbasal pale bands; hind tibia with wide pale distal band; hind tibial comb with four spines, second from spur longest. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC18DFBDCFF77FB81" box="[159,243,1082,1108]" captionStart="FIGURE 75–82" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[175,1428,190,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[151,1436,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 75–82. Wings, dorsal view. Female and male. Fluvialis group: 75. Culicoides castillae Fox, 76. Culicoides leopoldoi Ortiz. Leoni group: 77. Culicoides gabaldoni Ortiz, 78. Culicoides glabellus Wirth & Blanton, 79. Culicoides leoni Barbosa. 80. Culicoides reevesi Wirth. Limai group: 81. Culicoides luglani Jones & Wirth, 82. Culicoides neghmei Vargas (male). Scale: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612861/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
), length 1.02–1.05 (1.03, n=2) mm; width 0.37–0.45 (0.41, n=2) mm; CR 0.50 (n=2). Second radial cell in a dark spot, cell shorter than first cell; pale spot over r-m crossvein abutting costal wing margin; poststigmatic pale spots in cell r
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC03FFB72FEB1FB77" attach="left" box="[301,309,1172,1186]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
fused into a single, rounded spot; distal pale spot large, broadly abutting costal wing margin; cell m
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC486FB72FA18FB77" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1172,1186]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
with broad distal pale spot narrowly abbuting wing margin; vein M
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC282FB51FC1CFB10" attach="left" box="[912,920,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
straddled by a broad pale spot near base; cell m
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC1BFFB3DFF31FB3C" attach="left" box="[173,181,1243,1257]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
with distal pale spot at wing margin, and another spot lying just below r-m crossvein; cell cua
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC5CFFB3DFB61FB3C" attach="left" box="[1245,1253,1243,1257]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
with broad pale spot at wing margin; veins CuA
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC0EFFB19FD81FAD8" attach="left" box="[509,517,1279,1293]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
and CuA
|
||
<subScript id="17D13308EA76FFBDC363FB19FDFDFAD8" attach="left" box="[625,633,1279,1293]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
dark to apex; anal cell with broad distal pale spot at wing margin and a small irregular pale spot at area near basal arculus. Halter pale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC1D5FAD2FC51FA6C" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Abdomen dark brown. Sternite 9 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC32CFAD2FD18FA9B" box="[574,668,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
|
||
) with shallow emargination, tergite 9 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC557FAD2FB26FA9B" box="[1093,1186,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
) tapering with straight posterior margin, with short triangular apicolateral process. Aedeagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC2ABFABEFB9EFAA7" box="[953,1050,1368,1394]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
|
||
) Y-shaped, median process with a pair of pointed elongate lateral subapical processes; parameres separate, with submedian elongate curved sharply pointed thornlike processes and subapical fringe of spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2DC8EA76FFBDC23CFA79FC4EFA6C" box="[814,970,1439,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 99–103" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[380,1211,184,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[377,1211,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 99–103. Culicoides neghmei Vargas. Male. 99. Head, frontal view, 100. Terguite 9, dorsal view, 101. Aedeagus and in part of paramere, ventral view, 102. Genitalia, ventral view, arrows indicate the position of the paramere, 103. Paramere, lateral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14612873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14612873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 102–103</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC1D5FA25FE26FA08" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" box="[199,418,1475,1501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC1D5FA25FE9AFA08" bold="true" box="[199,286,1475,1501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA76FFBDC1D5FA01FB94F823" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC1D5FA01FED2F8CB" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC1D5FA01FEBFF9D4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1511,1537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was included in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC231FA01FC04F9D4" authorityName="Poey" authorityYear="1853" box="[803,896,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Oecacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC231FA01FC04F9D4" box="[803,896,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Oecacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the catalogue of species south of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC451FA01FAFDF9D4" box="[1347,1401,1511,1537]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Wirth (1974). Subsequently
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC0C4F9ECFD2EF9F1" author="Wirth, W. W. & Dyce, A. L. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[470,682,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref40720" refString="Wirth, W. W., Dyce, A. L. & Spinelli, G. R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Wirth
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC30FF9EDFDD2F9F1" box="[541,598,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1988)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC3A4F9ECFC53F9F1" author="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[694,983,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref35627" refString="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of New World Biting Midges south of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent & Spinelli (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC2F1F9ECFB99F9F1" author="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R." box="[995,1053,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref35670" refString="Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, J. R., Rueda-Delgado, G. & Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp." type="book" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC549F9ECFA18F9F1" author="Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P." box="[1115,1436,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref35578" refString="Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the biting midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4787.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Borkent & Dominiak (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not place this species to subgenus or species group. Since its original description, the type specimens had not been reviewed until recently by HH that allowed him to find several mistakes in the original description. For example, the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC090F993FE60F95A" box="[386,484,1653,1679]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designated by Vargas (1955) is not conspecific with the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC5B5F993FA89F95A" box="[1191,1293,1653,1679]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. However, it is conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC063F97CFCBEF966" authority="Malloch." authorityName="Malloch." box="[369,826,1689,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crepuscularis" subGenus="Beltranmyia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC063F97CFD49F966" box="[369,717,1689,1716]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. (Beltranmyia) crepuscularis</emphasis>
|
||
Malloch.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
This female is slide mounted in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA76FFBDC5BAF97FFB78F966" box="[1192,1276,1689,1715]" name="Canada" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
balsam and is in a poor condition as it lacks wings, and its legs coloration does not agree with the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC580F95BFB70F902" box="[1170,1268,1725,1751]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC40EF95BFEC4F92E" authority="Vargas. Finally" authorityName="Vargas. Finally" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC40EF95BFA18F902" box="[1308,1436,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. neghmei</emphasis>
|
||
Vargas. Finally
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the illustration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC32AF907FD1EF92E" box="[568,666,1761,1787]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male paramere by Vargas (1955) does not agree with our observation of this specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA76FFBDC1D5F8CEFB94F823" blockId="10.[151,1437,688,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Based on our examination of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC394F8CEFD6CF897" box="[646,744,1832,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA76FFBDC230F8CFFC01F896" box="[802,901,1833,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, we concluded that this species is very closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC018F8AAFD05F8B2" authority="Jones & Wirth (1958)" authorityName="Jones & Wirth" authorityYear="1958" box="[266,641,1868,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luglani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC018F8AAFEF8F8B3" box="[266,380,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. luglani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC097F8AAFD05F8B2" author="Jones, R. H. & Wirth, W. W." box="[389,641,1868,1895]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="81 - 91" refId="ref37555" refString="Jones, R. H. & Wirth, W. W. (1958) New records, synonymy and species of Texas Culicoides (Diptera, Heleidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 31, 81 - 91." type="journal article" year="1958">Jones & Wirth (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specific differences are observed in relation to the femur of the hind leg. For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC074F896FE5CF85F" authorityName="Jones & Wirth" authorityYear="1958" box="[358,472,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luglani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC074F896FE5CF85F" box="[358,472,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. luglani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a narrow distal pale band on the hind legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC2EEF896FB60F85E" author="Jones, R. H. & Wirth, W. W." box="[1020,1252,1904,1931]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="81 - 91" refId="ref37555" refString="Jones, R. H. & Wirth, W. W. (1958) New records, synonymy and species of Texas Culicoides (Diptera, Heleidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 31, 81 - 91." type="journal article" year="1958">Jones & Wirth 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or a prominent subapical pale band (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44CBCEA76FFBDC090F872FD99F87B" author="Phillips, R. A." box="[386,541,1940,1966]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 214" refId="ref38644" refString="Phillips, R. A. (2022) Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 0907, 1 - 214." type="book chapter" year="2022">Phillips 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC381F872FC96F87B" authorityName="Vargas. Finally" authorityYear="1955" box="[659,786,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC381F872FC96F87B" box="[659,786,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. neghmei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks this distal pale band. Therefore, it is likely that both species are conspecific. Given the poor condition of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC261F85EFC76F807" authorityName="Vargas. Finally" authorityYear="1955" box="[883,1010,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neghmei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC261F85EFC76F807" box="[883,1010,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. neghmei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we suggest that this species is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA76FFBDC015F83AFEF3F823" authorityName="Jones & Wirth" authorityYear="1958" box="[263,375,2012,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luglani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA76FFBDC015F83AFEF3F823" box="[263,375,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. luglani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that both species are likely in the Limai species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA77FFBCC1D5FF70FAB8FF2C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA77FFBCC1D5FF70FAB8FF2C" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC1D5FF70FE2BFF65" bold="true" box="[199,431,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC0D0FF71FDC8FF65" bold="true" box="[450,588,150,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type series</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3B10EA77FFBCC34DFF70FA1DFF00" collectorName="H, A. Dampf" country="Mexico" county="Atlixco" location="Canada" municipality="Mexican Faune" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Puebla" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC34DFF70FD7AFF65" bold="true" box="[607,766,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA77FFBCC34DFF70FD7AFF65" box="[607,766,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA77FFBCC203FF71FC06FF64" box="[785,898,151,177]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4991FFAFEA77FFBCC281FF71FC66FF64" box="[915,994,151,177]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Puebla</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628B49C1EA77FFBCC2E3FF71FBCCFF64" box="[1009,1096,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Atlixco</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8EAB37EA77FFBCC54AFF71FA8EFF64" box="[1112,1290,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mexican Faune</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
1690
|
||
<collectorName id="26A0549BEA77FFBCC449FF71FF6CFF00" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H, A. Dampf</collectorName>
|
||
, CET (88049), slide mounted in balsam
|
||
<location id="8E8A6796EA77FFBCC3B8FF5DFC86FF00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC805BEA76FFBCC185FEFFFD3EFE78:8E8A6796EA77FFBCC3B8FF5DFC86FF00" box="[682,770,187,213]" country="Mexico" county="Atlixco" municipality="Mexican Faune" name="Canada" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Puebla">Canada</location>
|
||
; dissected specimen: head, thorax, wing and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D53FAC4EA77FFBCC5EAFF5DFAAAFF00" box="[1272,1326,187,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
genitalia
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3B10EA77FFBCC185FF39FAB8FF2C" box="[151,1340,222,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA77FFBCC185FF39FF78FF2C" box="[151,252,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, same data as holotype, except CET (88051); dissected specimen: head, wing and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D53FAC4EA77FFBCC584FF39FB48FF2C" box="[1174,1228,223,249]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
genitalia.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA77FFBCC1D5FEE4FC64FEC8" box="[199,992,258,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA77FFBCC1D5FEE4FC64FEC8" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,992,258,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC1D5FEE4FEDDFEC9" bold="true" box="[199,345,258,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE8FEFEA77FFBCC372FEE5FD14FEC8" box="[608,656,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4991FFAFEA77FFBCC21DFEE5FCF3FEC8" box="[783,887,259,285]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA77FFBCC290FEE5FC5FFEC8" box="[898,987,259,285]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F62C6EA77FFBCC1D5FEC1FD3EFE78" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA314DEA77FFBCC1D5FEC1FD3EFE78" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC1D5FEC1FE08FE95" bold="true" box="[199,396,294,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Synonymy.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3B10EA77FFBCC08AFEC1FD3EFE78" collectorName="H, A. Dampf" country="Mexico" location="Puebla" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puebla" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
Allotype (female)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34271DDEA77FFBCC363FEC1FD66FE94" box="[625,738,295,321]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4991FFAFEA77FFBCC3E0FEC1FCC5FE94" box="[754,833,295,321]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Puebla</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Atlixco, Mexican Faune 1690
|
||
<collectorName id="26A0549BEA77FFBCC5A8FEC1FADCFE94" box="[1210,1368,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H, A. Dampf</collectorName>
|
||
, CET (88050). This specimen is erroneously associated with the type specimens (holotype and paratype). It is conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554ACEEA77FFBCC1C3FE89FD73FE5C" authority="Malloch" authorityName="Malloch" box="[209,759,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crepuscularis" subGenus="Beltranmyia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921ED5FEA77FFBCC1C3FE89FD0AFE5C" box="[209,654,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Culicoides (Beltranmyia) crepuscularis</emphasis>
|
||
Malloch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on characters given by antennal coeloconic sensillar pattern, legs coloration, palpus and spermatheca.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |