treatments-xml/data/03/FC/39/03FC3969BBF9FF3701BE65A2FEFA030E.xml

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<mods:title id="8EE18C6869DC4AB2806713E06CC3BFE9">Revision of Family Megacalanidae (Copepoda: Calanoida)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE65A2FD8F00C0" authority="Brady, 1883" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,603,655,682]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE65A2FE7E00C3" bold="true" box="[151,426,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF38009365BDFD8700C0" author="Brady" box="[442,595,656,682]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212E916BBF9FF38034A65BDFCED00C0" box="[611,825,656,682]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF9FF3801B6659FFECB00A1" box="[159,287,690,715]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 87" captionStart-1="FIGURE 88" captionStart-2="FIGURE 89" captionStart-3="FIGURE 90" captionStart-4="FIGURE 91" captionStart-5="FIGURE 92" captionStart-6="FIGURE 93" captionStart-7="FIGURE 94" captionStartId-0="132.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionStartId-1="133.[151,250,1560,1582]" captionStartId-2="134.[151,250,1514,1536]" captionStartId-3="135.[151,250,1552,1574]" captionStartId-4="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionStartId-5="137.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionStartId-6="138.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionStartId-7="140.[151,250,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1436,199,1914]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1538]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1435,194,1492]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,517,1531]" captionTargetBox-4="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetBox-5="[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,194,1564]" captionTargetBox-7="[179,1407,429,1042]" captionTargetId-0="figure@132.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetId-1="figure@133.[151,1436,193,1538]" captionTargetId-2="figure@134.[151,1436,193,1492]" captionTargetId-3="figure@135.[151,1436,517,1531]" captionTargetId-4="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetId-5="figure@137.[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetId-6="figure@138.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetId-7="figure@140.[151,1436,411,1068]" captionTargetPageId-0="132" captionTargetPageId-1="133" captionTargetPageId-2="134" captionTargetPageId-3="135" captionTargetPageId-4="136" captionTargetPageId-5="137" captionTargetPageId-6="138" captionTargetPageId-7="140" captionText-0="FIGURE 87. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, posterior view of leg 1. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – C, E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." captionText-1="FIGURE 88. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I – XI; B, segments XII – XVI; C, segments XVII – XIX; D, segments XX – XXIII; E, segments XXIV – XXVIII; F, detail of segment XXVIII; G, ancestral segments I – V dorsal surface showing distribution of hair sensilla (hs) and maculae cribrosae (mc). Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." captionText-2="FIGURE 89. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, mandibular palp; B, mandibular gnathobase; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, endopod of maxilla; F, maxilliped; G, terminal part of maxilliped. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures D, F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." captionText-3="FIGURE 90. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female legs, anterior view: A, leg 2; B, leg 3; C, leg 4; D, leg 5. Scale bar represents 1.0 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." captionText-4="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." captionText-5="FIGURE 92. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: Left antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I – XIV; B, segments XV – XX; C, XXI – XXIV. Right antennule: D, segments I – XII (arrow indicates clavate seta); E, XIII – XIX; F, segments XX – XXVIII; G, detail of segment XXVIII; H, clavate seta on segment XI. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." captionText-6="FIGURE 93. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." captionText-7="FIGURE 94. Distribution of Elenacalanus nom. nov. species: filled triangle = Elenacalanus princeps; open trangle = E. eltaninae; open square = E. tageae n. sp.; filled square = E. sverdrupi; open circle = E. inflatus." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/311110/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/311113/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/311114/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/311115/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/311118/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/311129/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Figs 87–94</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34FDBF4BBF9FF3801BE65D7FD08066C" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801BE65D7FD850124" blockId="131.[151,910,762,1030]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE65D7FE19017A" authority="Brady, 1883" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,461,762,784]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Calanidae" genus="Calanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE65D7FE9D017A" box="[151,329,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Calanus princeps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF38006665D7FE19017A" author="Brady" box="[335,461,762,784]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pp 36–37, pl. IV, figs 3–7. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE6434FDFB0145" authority="Wolfenden, 1906" authorityName="Wolfenden" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,559,793,815]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pseudodiaptomidae" genus="Heterocalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE6434FEAD0145" box="[151,377,793,815]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Heterocalanus medius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF3800566434FDFB0145" author="Wolfenden" box="[383,559,793,815]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Wolfenden, R. N. (1906) Plankton Studies: preliminary notes upon new or interesting species. Part 1 I. Copepoda. Rebman, London, pp. 25 - 44, pls VIII - XIV." type="book chapter" year="1906">Wolfenden, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pp 201–202, pl. XL, fig. 1–5. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE6415FDD90124" authority="Farran, 1908" authorityName="Farran" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,525,824,846]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Megacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE6415FEA80124" box="[151,380,824,846]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Megacalanus princeps</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF3800A36414FDD90124" author="Farran" box="[394,525,824,846]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Farran, G. P. (1908) Second Report on the Copepoda of the Irish Atlantic Slope. Scientific Investigations. Fisheries Branch, Department of Agriculture for Ireland, Appendix II, pp. 19 - 120, pls 1 - 11." type="book chapter" year="1908">Farran, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801BE647BFDCD01E1" blockId="131.[151,910,762,1030]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE647BFDD20106" authority="With, 1915" authorityName="With" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,518,854,877]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Macrocalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE647BFE510107" box="[151,389,854,877]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Macrocalanus princeps</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF3800BA647BFDD20106" author="With" box="[403,518,854,876]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="With, C. (1915) Copepoda I. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. Vol III, Part 4, 1 - 260, pls I - VIII." type="book chapter" year="1915">With, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pp 37–40, pl. 1, figs 2a, 2b, textfig. 7. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE6458FE3601E1" authority="Sars, 1920" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,482,885,907]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE6458FEBB01E1" box="[151,367,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF38005C6458FE3601E1" author="Sars" box="[373,482,885,907]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Sars, G. O. (1920) Calanoides recueillis pendant les campagnes de S. A. S. le Prince Albert de Monaco (Nouveau supplement). Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique, 377, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1920">Sars, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801BE64B9FD4D018D" blockId="131.[151,910,762,1030]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE64B9FE3C01C0" authority="Sars, 1924" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,488,916,938]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE64B9FEBB01C0" box="[151,367,916,938]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF38005564B9FE3C01C0" author="Sars" box="[380,488,916,938]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Sars, G. O. (1924, 1925) Copepodes particulierement bathypelagique provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert 1 er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert 1, Monaco, 69, Atlas, 1924, 127 pls; text, 1925, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1924">Sars, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
/25, pp 19–20, pl. 5, figs 7–15. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE649FFE2401A2" authority="Rose, 1929" authorityName="Rose" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,496,946,968]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE649FFEBB01A2" box="[151,367,946,968]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF380055649EFE2401A2" author="Rose" box="[380,496,946,968]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pp 9–14, pl. 1, 25 figs. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE64FCFDDB018D" authority="Farran, 1939" authorityName="Farran" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,527,977,999]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE64FCFEAA018D" box="[151,382,977,999]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bathycalanus princeps</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF3800A564FFFDDB018D" author="Farran" box="[396,527,977,999]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Farran, G. P. (1939) Note on the nomenclature of the copepod genus Megacalanus Wolfenden and allied genera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (11) 4 (21), 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="1939">Farran, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pp 357–359.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801BE64DDFD08066C" blockId="131.[151,910,762,1030]" box="[151,732,1008,1030]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF3801BE64DDFD4D066C" authority="Grice &amp; Hulsemann, 1967" authorityName="Grice &amp; Hulsemann" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,665,1008,1030]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE64DDFEAA066C" box="[151,382,1008,1030]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bathycalanus princeps</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF3800A564DDFD4D066C" author="Grice" box="[396,665,1008,1030]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Grice, G. D. &amp; Hulsemann, K. (1967) Bathypelagic calanoid copepods of the eastern Indian Ocean. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 122 (3583), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1967">Grice &amp; Hulsemann, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 13.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34FDBF4BBF9FF3101BE631DFA570492" lastPageId="138" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801BE631DFB6C0623" blockId="131.[151,1437,1068,2033]" box="[151,1208,1068,1097]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801BE631DFEE10623" bold="true" box="[151,309,1072,1097]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Type locality.</emphasis>
38.567o N, 72.167o W (Stn 45 of HMS Challenger Expedition, designated here).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801EE6379FB2A04C7" blockId="131.[151,1437,1068,2033]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801EE6379FE600607" bold="true" box="[199,436,1108,1133]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Material examined.</emphasis>
RHB0603, Stn 1, MOC1, 200– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802026379FCA30606" box="[811,887,1108,1132]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, 3♀ Co024.1.1, Co024.1.2, Co024.1.4. Francis Drake III, Stn 2, IKMT, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800EB6355FDEE06FA" box="[450,570,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1500.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="0.0">0–3000 m</quantity>
, 2♀ (12.4, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3803E16355FCE106FA" box="[712,821,1144,1169]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.6">12.6 mm</quantity>
). Oceanus Cr 473, MOC1: Stn 8, 801– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3804246355FABC06FA" box="[1293,1384,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.001" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1001.0">1001 m</quantity>
, 1♀ (damaged) Co024.2.1; Stn 21, 600– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38030763B1FDAC06DE" box="[558,632,1180,1205]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9799999999999995" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="798.0">798 m</quantity>
, 1CV (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3803E263B1FCF106DE" box="[715,805,1180,1205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.6">9.6 mm</quantity>
) Co024.3.1, Co024.3.2; Stn 26, 798– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3805FB63B1FAFD06DE" box="[1234,1321,1180,1204]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.001" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1001.0">1001 m</quantity>
, 1♀ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38044363B1FF1006B2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.6">12.6 mm</quantity>
) Co024.5.1; Stn 26, 400– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800D863EDFDE806B2" box="[497,572,1216,1241]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
, 1♀ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3803A963EDFD3D06B2" box="[640,745,1216,1240]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 mm</quantity>
) Co024.6.1; Stn 31, 400– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38053F63EDFBB606B2" box="[1046,1122,1216,1241]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
, 1♀ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38058C63EDFADB06B2" box="[1189,1295,1216,1240]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="13.4">13.4 mm</quantity>
) Co024.7.1. LMG11-10, MOC1, Stn 11, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800D763C9FD710696" box="[510,677,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 m</quantity>
, 1♀ Co441.3.1. Eltanin Cr 
<date id="FFEBAEBFBBF9FF38052563C9FB470696" box="[1036,1171,1252,1277]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="1923-01-15">15, 23 Jan</date>
1964, 1♂ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38041B63C9FA400696" box="[1330,1428,1252,1276]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
) USNM299526. Records from Natural History Museum, London: Syntypes; 2♀ (each dissected on 2 slides) Challenger Expedition Stn 50 and Stn 45, BMNH 1884.4 c.c.2/5. Discovery Stns, RMT8: 7406#6, 900– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3804696201FA43072E" box="[1344,1431,1324,1348]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
, 3♀ (11.6, 12.3, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF380063627DFE600702" box="[330,436,1360,1384]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.1">12.1 mm</quantity>
), 1CV (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF380324627DFDA30702" box="[525,631,1360,1384]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="10.3">10.3 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1994.5748; 7406#33, 990– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF380530627DFBBB0702" box="[1049,1135,1360,1385]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
, 5♂ (9.1, 9.3, 9.1, 9.2, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF380450627DFF1307E6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.809-813; 7480, 1250– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38035C6259FD1A07E6" box="[629,718,1396,1421]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 1♂ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802396259FCBA07E6" box="[784,878,1396,1420]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.875; 7709#35, 1010– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38043A6259FABF07E6" box="[1299,1387,1396,1421]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
, 2♀ (11.5, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3801F462B5FE9007DA" box="[221,324,1432,1456]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
), 2♂ (9.3, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38009062B5FDC607DA" box="[441,530,1432,1456]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.786-789; 7709#76, 1250– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802F662B5FBE107DA" box="[991,1077,1432,1457]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 9♂ (9.9, 9.6, 9.8, 9.7, 10.0, 9.6, 9.8, 9.7, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800286291FE8B07BE" box="[257,351,1468,1492]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.819-827; 7711#4, 800– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38020B6291FCA407BE" box="[802,880,1468,1492]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
, 2♀ (11.9, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802D36291FBB207BE" box="[1018,1126,1468,1492]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1994.5757-5758; 7711#61, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38002C62CDFE750792" box="[261,417,1504,1529]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 m</quantity>
, 1♂ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800F762CDFDEC0792" box="[478,568,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.814; 8507#72, 1250– 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802FB62CDFBFC0792" box="[978,1064,1504,1529]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 1♂ (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38054D62CDFB6B0792" box="[1124,1215,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.873; 8507#73, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3800276129FE660476" box="[270,434,1540,1565]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 m</quantity>
, 8♂ (9.0, 9.8, 9.0, 9.1, 9.4, 9.2, 9.0, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3802A16129FC3D0476" box="[904,1001,1540,1565]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.1435-1442; 8507#73, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF3801BE6105FEE0042A" box="[151,308,1576,1601]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 m</quantity>
, 21♂ (9.6, 9.7, 9.5, 9.5, 9.8, 9.8, 9.5, 9.7, 9.6, 9.8, 9.9, 9.6, 9.6, 9.4, 9.7, 10.0, 9.7, 9.6, 9.5, 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38041B6105FA58042A" box="[1330,1420,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
), BMNH 1993.1395-1404. Additional records from Smithsonian Institution, USNM numbers: 58954, 58955, 67211, 232142, 262439, 262441–42, 262461, 262468–73, 262475–77, 262484, 262488, 269442, 269446, 269460–70, 299520, 299523, 299526, 302048, 302050, 302061–62, 302067, 302070, 302072, 302074, 1132629.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801EE6195FD32049F" blockId="131.[151,1437,1068,2033]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801EE6195FE7604BB" bold="true" box="[199,418,1720,1745]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Genetic material.</emphasis>
Co024.1.1, Co024.1.2, Co024.1.4, Co024.2.1, Co024.3.1, Co 0 24.3.2, Co024.5.1, Co024.6.1, Co024.7.1. Genbank numbers in 
<tableCitation id="C6D7BDC4BBF9FF3803A461F1FD36049F" box="[653,738,1756,1781]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="23.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 6. Individual taxa, gene sampling and GenBank accession numbers of each sequence used for the molecular study. In italics, sequences from previous studies downloaded from GenBank." pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Table 6</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801EE602DFEE105EF" blockId="131.[151,1437,1068,2033]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF3801EE602DFDD80573" bold="true" box="[199,524,1792,1817]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Morphological description.</emphasis>
Following description based on female specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2. Male description based on that of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF9FF38036D6008FD010556" author="Rose" box="[580,725,1828,1852]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose (1929)</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF9FF38023D6008FC4C0556" box="[788,920,1828,1852]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF9FF38023D6008FC4C0556" box="[788,920,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Ba. rigidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and male, 
<collectionCode id="ED4410BABBF9FF3805126009FB5B0557" box="[1083,1167,1828,1853]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">USNM</collectionCode>
<date id="FFEBAEBFBBF9FF3805A66009FB370557" box="[1167,1251,1828,1853]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="68-12-25">122568</date>
, augmented by observations made on material held at the Natural History Museum, London. As for genus with following specific level features.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF9FF3801EE60BDFB1E059B" blockId="131.[151,1437,1068,2033]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
Female (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF9FF38000560BDFE5405C2" box="[300,384,1936,1961]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,199,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 87. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, posterior view of leg 1. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – C, E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311110/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
A–C). Total length 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38034D60BDFD1805C2" box="[612,716,1936,1960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
(mean = 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38026860BDFC7E05C2" box="[833,938,1936,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
, range = 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF9FF38053460BDFB1005C2" box="[1053,1220,1936,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="12.45" valueMax="13.4" valueMin="11.5">11.5–13.4 mm</quantity>
, n = 15). Anterior margin of head in dorsal and lateral views with low crest. In lateral view, posterior corners of pedigerous somite 5 short and rounded. Genital double-somite symmetrical in dorsal view, bulbous, wider than long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBFEFF3F01BE60BEFE59058C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311110/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" targetBox="[154,1436,199,1914]" targetPageId="132">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFEFF3F01BE60BEFE59058C" blockId="132.[151,1435,1939,2022]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFEFF3F01BE60BEFEF705C3" bold="true" box="[151,291,1939,1961]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">FIGURE 87.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFEFF3F000460BEFD6605C3" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[301,690,1939,1961]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFEFF3F000460BEFDCC05C3" box="[301,536,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
female: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, posterior view of leg 1. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A–C, E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBFFFF3E01BE6135FACB04E0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311113/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1538]" targetPageId="133">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFFFF3E01BE6135FACB04E0" blockId="133.[151,1436,1560,1674]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFFFF3E01BE6135FEF00444" bold="true" box="[151,292,1560,1582]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">FIGURE 88.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFFFF3E00076135FD600444" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[302,692,1560,1582]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFFFF3E00076135FDCD0444" box="[302,537,1560,1582]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
female antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I–XI; B, segments XII–XVI; C, segments XVII–XIX; D, segments XX–XXIII; E, segments XXIV–XXVIII; F, detail of segment XXVIII; G, ancestral segments I–V dorsal surface showing distribution of hair sensilla (hs) and maculae cribrosae (mc). Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A–E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFFFF3E01EE619CFE1205C8" blockId="133.[151,1436,1713,1990]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
Antennules (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFFFF3E007C619CFE7F04A3" box="[341,427,1713,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,199,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 87. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, posterior view of leg 1. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – C, E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311110/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Figs 87</figureCitation>
C, 88) extending beyond caudal rami by 6 segments. Lengths of antennule segments (µm) as follows. Measurements taken along posterior border of each segment but two (posterior (shortest) and anterior) measurements taken of ancestral segment I. I (207, 569); II–IV (429); V (244); VI (261); VII (283); VIII (308); IX (330); X–XI (638); XII (603); XIII (621); XIV (761); XV (975); XVI (1015); XVII (1089); XVIII (1143); XIX (1143); XX (1214); XXI (1196); XXII (906); XXIII (840); 
<collectionCode id="ED4410BABBFFFF3E0210606FFCAB0533" box="[825,895,1858,1881]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">XXIV</collectionCode>
(850); XXV (764); XXVI (315); XXVII (734); XXVIII (39). Segments I, II, III, and V with dorsal surface hair sensillum and adjacent macula cribrosa, segment IV has only hair sensillum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFFFF3E01EE6083FC5205AF" blockId="133.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[199,902,1965,1990]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFFFF3E001C6080FE5105AC" box="[309,389,1965,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,199,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 87. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, posterior view of leg 1. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – C, E; 0.1 mm on remaining figure. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311110/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
D) ancestral exopod segment IV without seta.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBFCFF3D01BE62C7FC700457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311114/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" targetBox="[152,1435,194,1492]" targetPageId="134">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFCFF3D01BE62C7FC700457" blockId="134.[151,1436,1514,1597]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFCFF3D01BE62C7FEF5046A" bold="true" box="[151,289,1514,1536]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">FIGURE 89.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFCFF3D000062C7FD73046A" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[297,679,1514,1536]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFCFF3D000062C7FDC5046A" box="[297,529,1514,1536]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
female: A, mandibular palp; B, mandibular gnathobase; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, endopod of maxilla; F, maxilliped; G, terminal part of maxilliped. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures D, F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFCFF3D01EE6149FB2604CA" blockId="134.[151,1437,1636,2021]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFCFF3D006D6149FE420417" box="[324,406,1636,1661]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="134.[151,250,1514,1536]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,194,1492]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[151,1436,193,1492]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURE 89. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, mandibular palp; B, mandibular gnathobase; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, endopod of maxilla; F, maxilliped; G, terminal part of maxilliped. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures D, F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311114/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
C) basal endites 1 and 2 with 2 and 2 setae, respectively; endopod segments with 1–2, 0–1, 4+1 small anterior surface seta; basal exite without seta, epipodite with 7 long and 2 vestigial setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFCFF3D01EE6181FB870567" blockId="134.[151,1437,1636,2021]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFCFF3D00796181FE7404AF" box="[336,416,1708,1733]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="134.[151,250,1514,1536]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,194,1492]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[151,1436,193,1492]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURE 89. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) female: A, mandibular palp; B, mandibular gnathobase; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, endopod of maxilla; F, maxilliped; G, terminal part of maxilliped. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures D, F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311114/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
F) syncoxal endites with 1, 2 (1 vestigial), 4, 4 (one vestigial) setae, longest seta on endite 4 extending as far as distal border of basis; endopod segments 3–6 with 1, 1, 1 (no outer border seta but 1 macula cribrosa), 3 terminal setae (2 large and 1 small, no seta on outer border), respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFCFF3D01EE6035FD5905F7" blockId="134.[151,1437,1636,2021]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
Male (Fig. A–D). (From 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBFCFF3D00DC6034FDAF055B" author="Rose" box="[501,635,1817,1841]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose, 1929</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 9–14, Pl. 1, 25 figs (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFCFF3D02C96034FBB6055A" box="[992,1122,1816,1840]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFCFF3D02C96034FBB6055A" box="[992,1122,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Ba. rigidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and male 
<collectionCode id="ED4410BABBFCFF3D05D96035FA90055B" box="[1264,1348,1816,1841]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">USNM</collectionCode>
<date id="FFEBAEBFBBFCFF3D046D6035FA4C055B" box="[1348,1432,1816,1841]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" value="68-12-25">122568</date>
, augmented by observations made on material held at the Natural History Museum, London). Total length: mean = 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBFCFF3D01BE604DFF3B0512" box="[151,239,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" unit="mm" value="9.6">9.6 mm</quantity>
, range = 8.9–11.0 mm, n = 50. Anterior margin of head in dorsal and lateral views rounded, without crest. Rostrum ventrally-directed, bluntly tapering.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFCFF3C01EE6085FD5A0377" blockId="134.[151,1437,1636,2021]" lastBlockId="135.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="135" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFCFF3D00636085FE4A05AB" box="[330,414,1960,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Figs 91</figureCitation>
D, 92) ancestral segments 1 and II fused. On right side (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFCFF3D05236085FB8F05AB" box="[1034,1115,1960,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 92" captionStartId="137.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@137.[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 92. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: Left antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I – XIV; B, segments XV – XX; C, XXI – XXIV. Right antennule: D, segments I – XII (arrow indicates clavate seta); E, XIII – XIX; F, segments XX – XXVIII; G, detail of segment XXVIII; H, clavate seta on segment XI. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311118/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
D–G), segments XVI to XIX with narrow proximal anterior border ridge; fused gripping element on segment XIX extending distally well beyond insertion of aesthetasc; segment XX curved on shorter radius than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFDFF3C02DE67B4FBAA02DA" box="[1015,1150,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFDFF3C02DE67B4FBAA02DA" box="[1015,1150,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; proximal fused gripping element of fused segments XXI–XXIII overlapping second fused gripping element by about 40% of its length and gripping element 2 extending distally beyond base of small seta of incorporated segment XXII. Left antennule (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C044767F2FF670376" captionStart="FIGURE 92" captionStartId="137.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@137.[163,1427,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 92. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: Left antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I – XIV; B, segments XV – XX; C, XXI – XXIV. Right antennule: D, segments I – XII (arrow indicates clavate seta); E, XIII – XIX; F, segments XX – XXVIII; G, detail of segment XXVIII; H, clavate seta on segment XI. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311118/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
A–C) segments XXV–XXVIII broken off.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE6605FC610355" blockId="135.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,949,295,320]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C001C660AFE51032A" box="[309,389,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="138.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@138.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="FIGURE 93. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
A) ancestral exopod segments I–IV without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE6661FBC5030E" blockId="135.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1041,332,357]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Mandible basis with 3 setae, endopod segment 2 with 9 setae (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C02AB6661FC06030E" box="[898,978,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
E, F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE6642FC2203BA" blockId="135.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C006D6642FE4C03E2" box="[324,408,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="138.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@138.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="FIGURE 93. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
B, C) praecoxal arthrite with about 10 reduced setae, apparently none on posterior surface, basal endites 1 and 2 with 2, 0 setae, respectively; endopod segments with 1/0, 0, 4 setae, exopod with 11 setae; basal exite without seta, epipodite with 7 long setae, proximal 2 setae absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBFDFF3C01BE613DFC3E042F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311115/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" targetBox="[151,1436,517,1531]" targetPageId="135">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01BE613DFC3E042F" blockId="135.[151,1435,1552,1605]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFDFF3C01BE613DFEF4044C" bold="true" box="[151,288,1552,1574]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">FIGURE 90.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBFDFF3C000E613DFD77044C" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[295,675,1552,1574]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBFDFF3C000E613DFDDB044C" box="[295,527,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
female legs, anterior view: A, leg 2; B, leg 3; C, leg 4; D, leg 5. Scale bar represents 1.0 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from Francis Drake III, Stn 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE6141FEAF04A7" blockId="135.[151,1436,1644,2029]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C00186141FE5004EF" box="[305,388,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="138.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@138.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="FIGURE 93. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
D) as in female but setae weakly developed; 2 setae of basal endite and setae of endopod segments 1–4 very long, distally weak and narrow therefore not holding their distal curl, lined distally with very dense, fine spinules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE61F5FE8A0553" blockId="135.[151,1436,1644,2029]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C007B61F5FE76049B" box="[338,418,1752,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="138.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@138.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="FIGURE 93. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
E) syncoxal endites with 1, 2 (1 vestigial), 4, 3 setae, respectively, longest seta on endite 4 extending to distal seta of basis; endopod segments 3–6 with 1, 1, 1 (no outer border seta), 2 large setae and 1 short seta, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3C01EE6068FA9D0537" blockId="135.[151,1436,1644,2029]" box="[199,1353,1860,1885]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Leg 1 (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C003E6069FEB30537" box="[279,359,1860,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
G) exopod segment 2 proximal outer spine not extending to base of terminal outer spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBFDFF3101EE6044FA570492" blockId="135.[151,1436,1644,2029]" lastBlockId="138.[151,1437,1685,2037]" lastPageId="138" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Leg 5 (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBFDFF3C00346045FEBB05EB" box="[285,367,1896,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
H–N) slightly asymmetrical. Right exopod segment 3 with tuft of proximal setules on inner border whereas left exopod segment 3 inner border densely setulose. Exopod segment 2 on left variable with characteristic specialised inner distal seta made of 2 parts: basal part and setulose lash; basal part usually rectangular, distally setulose (in some specimens base slightly drawn out) and with setules at base of lash; setulose lash arising from proximal border of basal part. Left exopod segment 3 carrying 1 terminal, 1 inner (at about distal ¼) and 1 outer border spine (at distal 1/3rd); right exopod segment 3 with 1 terminal spine, 1 inner and 1 outer border spine positioned opposite each other. Macula cribrosa present on each of basis and exopod segments 1–3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBF2FF3301BE601CFE850582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" targetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" targetPageId="136">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF2FF3301BE601CFE850582" blockId="136.[151,1436,1839,2024]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF2FF3301BE601CFEF6052D" bold="true" box="[151,290,1841,1863]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">FIGURE 91.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF2FF330003601CFD7F052D" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[298,683,1841,1863]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF2FF330003601CFDC0052D" box="[298,532,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
male from 57.7o S, 138.1o W, USNM299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60o N 20’W BMNH1993.819–827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60o N 20’W, #63, #76, respectively; J, L, from 44o N 13’W, #73, #72, respectively; M, from 53o N 20’W, #61; N, from 40o N 20’W, #33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A–D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBF3FF3201BE6056FC0E0585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311118/files/figure.png" pageId="137" pageNumber="138" targetBox="[163,1427,193,1894]" targetPageId="137">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF3FF3201BE6056FC0E0585" blockId="137.[151,1435,1915,2031]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF3FF3201BE6056FEF405FB" bold="true" box="[151,288,1915,1937]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">FIGURE 92.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF3FF32000F6056FD7505FB" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[294,673,1915,1937]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="137" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF3FF32000F6056FDD905FB" box="[294,525,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
male: Left antennule ancestral segments: A, segments I–XIV; B, segments XV–XX; C, XXI–XXIV. Right antennule: D, segments I–XII (arrow indicates clavate seta); E, XIII–XIX; F, segments XX–XXVIII; G, detail of segment XXVIII; H, clavate seta on segment XI. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A–F; 0.1 mm on remaining figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7o S, 138.1o W, USNM299526.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2AD8F7BBF0FF3101BE611CFA920402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311121/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" targetBox="[151,1435,194,1564]" targetPageId="138">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF0FF3101BE611CFA920402" blockId="138.[151,1436,1585,1640]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF0FF3101BE611CFECB042D" bold="true" box="[151,287,1585,1607]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">FIGURE 93.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF0FF31000C611CFD4A042D" authority="(Brady, 1883)" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[293,670,1585,1607]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF0FF31000C611CFDD8042D" box="[293,524,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(Brady, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
male: A, antenna; B, maxillule; C, maxillule praecoxal arthrite; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm on all figures. Illustrated specimen from 57.7o S, 138.1o W, USNM299526.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34FDBF4BBF0FF3001EE6029FECF078E" lastPageId="139" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF0FF3001EE6029FDFF03BA" blockId="138.[151,1437,1685,2037]" lastBlockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="139" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF0FF3101EE6029FEEF0577" bold="true" box="[199,315,1796,1821]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Remarks.</emphasis>
There has been much previous confusion about the identity of this species because Brady’s (1883) description and drawings were sufficient only to place this taxon in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF0FF3102E96005FBB9052B" box="[960,1133,1832,1857]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Megacalanidae</taxonomicName>
. That is, the maxillule was not accurately described, only a seta from the maxilla was illustrated and leg 1 was not described. One of us (GAB) recently re-examined two of Brady’s 
<typeStatus id="54EE36DDBBF0FF310317605CFDBA05E3" box="[574,622,1905,1929]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">type</typeStatus>
specimens, each dissected on two slides. Most of the limbs are in good condition in the female from Stn 50 (BMNH 1884.4 c.c.2) although not perfectly orientated. The maxillule formula is: coxal endite without setae, basal endites 1 and 2 with 2, 1 setae respectively, endopod with 1, 1, 4+1. Leg 1 exopod segments 1 and 2 lack outer border spines, while segment 3 has 2 outer spines. These character states confirm that 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30000667B5FD5A02DA" authority="Brady, 1883" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[303,654,151,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Calanidae" genus="Calanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30000667B5FE2302C5" box="[303,503,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Calanus princeps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30032B67BAFD5A02DA" author="Brady" box="[514,654,151,176]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a genus separate from 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30050C67B5FABD02DA" box="[1061,1385,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30050C67B5FB6B02DA" box="[1061,1215,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Megacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Megacalanus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3005E467B5FABD02DA" box="[1229,1385,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bradycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bradycalanus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3001BE6791FEE302BE" box="[151,311,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3001BE6791FEE702BE" box="[151,307,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bathycalanus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3000176791FE5602BF" box="[318,386,188,213]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brady">Brady</taxonomicName>
does not mention the crest on the head of the female but 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3005276791FB4302BF" author="With" box="[1038,1175,188,213]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="With, C. (1915) Copepoda I. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. Vol III, Part 4, 1 - 260, pls I - VIII." type="book chapter" year="1915">With (1915)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3005F96791FA4802BF" author="Wolfenden" box="[1232,1436,188,213]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Wolfenden, R. N. (1906) Plankton Studies: preliminary notes upon new or interesting species. Part 1 I. Copepoda. Rebman, London, pp. 25 - 44, pls VIII - XIV." type="book chapter" year="1906">Wolfenden (1906)</bibRefCitation>
do. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3001E967F2FE820292" box="[192,342,223,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brady">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3001E967F2FE820292" author="Brady" box="[192,342,223,248]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady (1883)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
does not describe the structure of leg 1, but we confirm that exopod segment 3 of leg 1 of the 
<typeStatus id="54EE36DDBBF1FF30044567CDFA480292" box="[1388,1436,224,248]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
specimens possesses 2 outer border spines in addition to a long terminal element and 4 inner setae, as illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3001BE6605FEF5032A" author="Rose" box="[151,289,296,320]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose (1929)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF300071660AFDF3032A" author="Wolfenden" box="[344,551,295,320]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Wolfenden, R. N. (1906) Plankton Studies: preliminary notes upon new or interesting species. Part 1 I. Copepoda. Rebman, London, pp. 25 - 44, pls VIII - XIV." type="book chapter" year="1906">Wolfenden (1906)</bibRefCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30031A660AFD6F032A" author="With" box="[563,699,295,320]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="With, C. (1915) Copepoda I. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. Vol III, Part 4, 1 - 260, pls I - VIII." type="book chapter" year="1915">With (1915)</bibRefCitation>
states that leg 1 exopod segment 3 has only 1 outer border spine, but two spines are present in the 
<typeStatus id="54EE36DDBBF1FF30032D6660FD97030F" box="[516,579,333,357]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">types</typeStatus>
. The slide of the mouthparts of the 
<typeStatus id="54EE36DDBBF1FF3002E46660FBF0030F" box="[973,1060,333,357]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
from Challenger Stn 50 has 7 + 2 short setae on the coxal epipodite of the maxillule on one side but 7 + 3 short setae on the other side. This is interpreted here as an aberrant state, given that the total of 9 setae is the maximum known anywhere in the Copepoda (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30003E6695FDCA03BA" author="Huys" box="[279,542,439,464]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Huys, R. &amp; Boxshall, G. A. (1991) Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp." type="book" year="1991">Huys &amp; Boxshall 1991</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE66F0FBDF0056" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3001EE66F0FEB7039E" author="Farran" box="[199,355,476,500]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Farran, G. P. (1939) Note on the nomenclature of the copepod genus Megacalanus Wolfenden and allied genera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (11) 4 (21), 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="1939">Farran (1939)</bibRefCitation>
recognised that the specimens called 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30023F66F1FC09039E" box="[790,989,476,500]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Calanidae" genus="Calanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30023F66F1FC09039E" box="[790,989,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Calanus princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30052266F1FB77039E" box="[1035,1187,476,501]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brady">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30052266F1FB77039E" author="Brady" box="[1035,1187,476,501]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady (1883)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
were the same as the specimen described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3000B3652DFD5D0072" box="[410,649,512,536]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3000B3652DFD5D0072" box="[410,649,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF300275652DFBD20072" author="Sars" box="[860,1030,511,536]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Sars, G. O. (1924, 1925) Copepodes particulierement bathypelagique provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert 1 er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert 1, Monaco, 69, Atlas, 1924, 127 pls; text, 1925, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1924">Sars (1924/25)</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF300538652DFAD40072" box="[1041,1280,512,536]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF300538652DFAD40072" box="[1041,1280,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consequently becomes a junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30034B6509FBD20056" authority="Brady, 1883" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[610,1030,548,573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30034B6509FCB50056" box="[610,865,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3002596509FC2A0056" author="Brady" box="[880,1022,548,573]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Brady, G. S. (1883) Report on the Copepoda collected by the H. M. S. &quot; Challenger &quot; during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of the H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 76, Zoology, 8, 1 - 142, 55 pls." type="journal article" year="1883">Brady, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE656AFDC00115" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
The present female specimens agree with the description 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3002646565FBEF000A" box="[845,1083,584,608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigidus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3002646565FBEF000A" box="[845,1083,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Bathycalanus rigidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30054A6565FB0A000A" author="Sars" box="[1123,1246,584,608]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Sars, G. O. (1924, 1925) Copepodes particulierement bathypelagique provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert 1 er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert 1, Monaco, 69, Atlas, 1924, 127 pls; text, 1925, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1924">Sars (1924</bibRefCitation>
, 1925), although some details differ from the present description. His illustration of the maxilla has 5 setae on praecoxal endite 1 whereas presently examined specimens have 6 + 1 small seta. In the text, Sars (1925) says that the antenna, mandible and maxillule show no differences from the preceding species (
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3002C46598FBAC00A6" box="[1005,1144,692,716]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3002C46598FBAC00A6" box="[1005,1144,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Ba. richardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) which is not true. Sars’ (1924) illustrations of these limbs of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30036E65F4FD05009A" box="[583,721,728,752]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Bathycalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30036E65F4FD05009A" box="[583,721,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Ba. richardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
omit several of the smaller setae that are present in currently examined specimens. For example, mandible endopod segments 1 and 2 are illustrated as having 3 and 8 setae, respectively; actually 4 and 11 setae, respectively, in currently examined specimens. Lack of this detail obscured differences from 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3000406468FE250136" box="[361,497,837,860]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3000406468FE250136" box="[361,497,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where these mandible endopod setae are 2 and 9 respectively, a consistent characteristic of all 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30005D6445FDD801EA" box="[372,524,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE64A0FBDC06AE" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3001EE64A0FE8D01CE" author="Rose" box="[199,345,908,932]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose (1929)</bibRefCitation>
contains the only description of a male to date. Among the specimens examined at the Smithsonian Institution there was one male (USNM299526) that agrees with most details given by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF300439649DFA4801A2" author="Rose" box="[1296,1436,944,968]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Rose, M. (1929) Copepodes pelagiques particulierement de surface provenant des campagnes scientifique du Prince Albert I er de Monaco. Resultats des Campagne Scientifique accomplies sur son yacht par Prince Albert I er, 78, 1 - 123, figs 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1929">Rose (1929)</bibRefCitation>
although leg 5 was not intact (the two left terminal exopod segments are missing) so the hook on the specialised seta could not be confirmed. Examination of males held by the Natural History Museum, London does not corroborate the presence of a hook on the basal part. Rather, the basal part is of variable shapes although one specimen examined (BMNH1993.809-813, 
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF1FF3003A56312FD090632" box="[652,733,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
N) had a slight distal notch. Males were assigned to females mainly based on the fact that 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3000D16348FDAF0616" box="[504,635,1125,1148]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3000D16348FDAF0616" box="[504,635,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females were the most common 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30052D6349FB490616" box="[1028,1181,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus</emphasis>
species in the R.R.V. Discovery material as were the males (total length: range 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30020163A5FC4C06F5" box="[808,920,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 mm</quantity>
; mean 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF3002C063AAFB9606CA" box="[1001,1090,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
) which are slightly smaller on average than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3000606380FE0406AE" box="[329,464,1196,1220]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3000606380FE0406AE" box="[329,464,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(total length: range 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30039A6381FC9006AE" box="[691,836,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="10.25" valueMax="10.5" valueMin="10.0">10–10.5 mm</quantity>
; mean 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF3002BA6381FC2806AE" box="[915,1020,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="10.2">10.2 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE63E2FCA7073F" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
Sexual dimorphism of the limbs appears to be more extensive in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3002BE63FCFBC2068D" box="[919,1046,1232,1256]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3002BE63FCFBC2068D" box="[919,1046,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in most other 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3005C563E2FA4D0682" box="[1260,1433,1231,1256]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Megacalanidae</taxonomicName>
. Compared with the female, the male, in addition to the antennules and leg 5, has 1 fewer setae on the mandible basis, fewer setae on the praecoxal arthrite, basis and endopod segments 1 and 2 of the maxillule; and the distal parts of the long setae of the maxilla are more weakly developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE6272FECF078E" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3001EE6272FE270712" bold="true" box="[199,499,1375,1400]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Morphological variation.</emphasis>
The setation of the endopod of the female maxillule was variable on each side of the same individual examined here. The shape of the male inner distal specialised seta of left leg 5 exopod segment 2 is variable; the base may be very rectangular (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF1FF300386628AFD2A07AA" box="[687,766,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
K–M), drawn out distally (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF1FF300502628AFBAA07AA" box="[1067,1150,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
Fig. 
<date id="FFEBAEBFBBF1FF3005496285FBAA07AA" box="[1120,1150,1448,1472]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" value="1991-01">91</date>
</figureCitation>
I, J) or with a slight notch (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF1FF3001B662E1FF24078E" box="[159,240,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
N).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34FDBF4BBF1FF3701EE62C2FEFA030E" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE62C2FD0F04D6" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3001EE62C2FEB40462" bold="true" box="[199,352,1519,1544]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30004262DDFDB9046D" box="[363,621,1520,1544]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30004262DDFDB9046D" box="[363,621,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be a bathypelagic species that extends into the mesopelagic zone in the North Atlantic Ocean (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30033E6139FD710446" box="[535,677,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1400.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="800.0">800–2000 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF30039A6139FCFA0447" author="With" box="[691,814,1556,1581]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="With, C. (1915) Copepoda I. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. Vol III, Part 4, 1 - 260, pls I - VIII." type="book chapter" year="1915">With 1915</bibRefCitation>
), and Natural History Museum, London records), in the southeastern Pacific off 
<collectingCountry id="F342C8EFBBF1FF30008C611AFE36043A" box="[421,482,1591,1616]" name="Chile" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Chile</collectingCountry>
(present results), the southern Indian Ocean 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF3002FF611AFBB70425" box="[982,1123,1591,1616]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3719999999999999" metricValueMax="2.394" metricValueMin="0.35" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1372.0" valueMax="2394.0" valueMin="350.0">350–2394 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF300558611AFA40043A" author="Grice" box="[1137,1428,1591,1616]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Grice, G. D. &amp; Hulsemann, K. (1967) Bathypelagic calanoid copepods of the eastern Indian Ocean. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 122 (3583), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1967">Grice &amp; Hulsemann 1967</bibRefCitation>
) and Atlantic sector of the Antarctic 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF3003016171FD60041E" box="[552,692,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" metricValueMax="3.074" metricValueMin="0.366" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1720.0" valueMax="3074.0" valueMin="366.0">366–3074 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3003EA6171FC82041E" author="Michel" box="[707,854,1628,1653]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Michel, H. (1994) Antarctic Megacalanidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) and the distribution of the family. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 74, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1994">Michel 1994</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens held by the Smithsonian Institution are from the Atlantic and the Antarctic sector of the Pacific, and Indian Oceans (
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF1FF3005086152FBAC04F2" box="[1057,1144,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 94" captionStartId="140.[151,250,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,429,1042]" captionTargetId="figure@140.[151,1436,411,1068]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 94. Distribution of Elenacalanus nom. nov. species: filled triangle = Elenacalanus princeps; open trangle = E. eltaninae; open square = E. tageae n. sp.; filled square = E. sverdrupi; open circle = E. inflatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/311129/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6D7BDC4BBF1FF3005AE6152FB0804F2" box="[1159,1244,1663,1688]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[121,197,553,573]" captionTargetBox="[119,1865,736,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Station data and capture circumstances for Megacalanidae newly studied here. BN = Benthic net; EBS-S = Epibenthic Sledge — supranet (top); IKMT = Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl; = Multinet; MOC 10 = 10 m 2 MOCNESS net; MOC 1 = 1 m 2 MOCNESS net; mwo = metres of wire out; N 100 = 1 m diameter net with stramin mesh (Sewell 1935); N 200 = 2 m diameter" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2AD8F7BB7CFFBD01506504F8E5003D" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" tableUuid="DF2AD8F7BB7CFFBD01506504F8E5003D">Table 1</tableCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4F58EBBF1FF3005D16152FA4804F2" author="Michel" box="[1272,1436,1663,1688]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Michel, H. (1994) Antarctic Megacalanidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) and the distribution of the family. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 74, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1994">Michel (1994)</bibRefCitation>
summarises its depth of occurrence as 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30036E6189FD0304D6" box="[583,727,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" metricValueMax="3.074" metricValueMin="0.366" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1720.0" valueMax="3074.0" valueMin="366.0">366–3074 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3001EE61EAFD6C051A" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3001EE61EAFE10048A" bold="true" box="[199,452,1735,1760]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Species comparisons.</emphasis>
Females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30037B61E5FC8704B5" box="[594,851,1736,1760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30037B61E5FC8704B5" box="[594,851,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are closely related to 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30057861E4FAA0048A" box="[1105,1396,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30057861E4FB09048A" box="[1105,1245,1736,1760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">E. eltaninae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3005C361E4FAA0048A" box="[1258,1396,1736,1760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sverdrupi">E. sverdrupi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3004AD61E4FF3F056E" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflatus">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3004AD61E4FF3F056E" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. inflatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and an undescribed species from the northwest Pacific. 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30024F61C1FBB3056E" box="[870,1127,1772,1796]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30024F61C1FBB3056E" box="[870,1127,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Elenacalanus princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished from the other four species (
<tableCitation id="C6D7BDC4BBF1FF30008E6022FDDA0542" box="[423,526,1807,1832]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="90.[119,193,1245,1265]" captionTargetBox="[119,1885,1347,1624]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="TABLE 11. Comparison of key differences among Elenacalanus species. A 2 = antenna; B = basis; B 2 = basal endite 2; Be = basal exite; Ce = coxal epipodite; Mn = mandible; Mx 1 = maxillule; Mxp = maxilliped; P 5 = leg 5; no. = number; Pa = praecoxal arthrite; Re 2, 3 = exopod segments 2, 3; ReIV = ancestral exopod segment IV; Ri 6 = endopod segment 6." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2AD8F7BB20FFE1015E63F0FA390760" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" tableUuid="DF2AD8F7BB20FFE1015E63F0FA390760">Table 11</tableCitation>
) by the crested head of the female (head rounded in the other four species), proximal seta of maxillule coxal epipodite absent (present in all other species), and the maxilliped endopod segment 6 with 3 setae (
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30008C6075FE05051A" box="[421,465,1879,1904]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
most other species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA887FBBF1FF3701EE6051FEFA030E" blockId="139.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="140.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
Males are known for 
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30009F6050FD1F05FE" box="[438,715,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30009F6050FDEC05FE" box="[438,568,1917,1940]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">E. princeps</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30036D6050FD1F05FE" box="[580,715,1916,1940]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">E. eltaninae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3002286050FCBF05FE" box="[769,875,1917,1940]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tageae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3002286050FCBF05FE" box="[769,875,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. tageae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212E916BBF1FF30025B6051FC6405FF" box="[882,944,1916,1941]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30025B6051FC6405FF" bold="true" box="[882,944,1916,1941]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
. The male leg 5 of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF3005A26050FADE05FE" box="[1163,1290,1917,1940]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF3005A26050FADE05FE" box="[1163,1290,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the right exopod segment 3 inner border with a proximal tuft of setules (in the other known species this border is naked). The specialised seta on the left exopod segment 2 of leg 
<quantity id="4CAD259ABBF1FF30023860E9FCE805B7" box="[785,828,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF1FF30026A60E8FC1705B6" box="[835,963,1989,2012]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF1FF30026A60E8FC1705B6" box="[835,963,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rather variable and the form of this seta on 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF37019467B4FE9C02DA" box="[189,328,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF37019467B4FE9C02DA" box="[189,328,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fits within the range of variability found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF37027A67B4FC0902C5" box="[851,989,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF37027A67B4FC0902C5" box="[851,989,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">M. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(compare 
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF6FF37057267BAFB7802DA" box="[1115,1196,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,193,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[181,1405,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 91. Elenacalanus princeps (Brady, 1883) male from 57.7 o S, 138.1 o W, USNM 299526: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, detail of rostrum in lateral view; D, right antennule; E, mandibular palp; F, distal part of mandibular gnathobase; G, anterior view of leg 1. Male from 60 o N 20 ’ W BMNH 1993.819 – 827: H, posterior view of leg 5. Specialised seta on left exopod segment 2 of North Atlantic specimens: I, K, from 60 o N 20 ’ W, # 63, # 76, respectively; J, L, from 44 o N 13 ’ W, # 73, # 72, respectively; M, from 53 o N 20 ’ W, # 61; N, from 40 o N 20 ’ W, # 33. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures A – D, G, H; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293570/files/figure.png" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
Fig. 
<date id="FFEBAEBFBBF6FF3705BB67B5FB7802DA" box="[1170,1196,152,176]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" value="1991-01">91</date>
</figureCitation>
I–N and 
<figureCitation id="136E94FABBF6FF37043E67BAFAAE02DA" box="[1303,1402,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="146.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,305,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@146.[162,1426,304,1817]" captionTargetPageId="146" captionText="FIGURE 100. Elenacalanus eltaninae (Björnberg, 1968) male holotype USNM 122568: A, maxillule; B, maxilliped; C, detail of terminal segment of maxilliped. D, posterior view of leg 1; E, anterior view of leg 5; F, specialised seta of left leg 5 exopod segment 2. Male BMNH 1993.829 – 835 # 47: G, posterior view of leg 5; H, specialised seta of left leg 5 exopod segment 2. Scale bars represent 1.0 mm on figures B, E, G; 0.1 mm on remaining figures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293579/files/figure.png" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
H). Males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF3700216790FE5802BE" box="[264,396,189,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF3700216790FE5802BE" box="[264,396,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF3700E36790FD8002BE" box="[458,596,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF3700E36790FD8002BE" box="[458,596,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also without a seta on exopod segment 4 of the antenna. The male geniculate antennule of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF37008C67CCFDF1029D" box="[421,549,224,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF37008C67CCFDF1029D" box="[421,549,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has ancestral segments IX–XI fused but segment XII separate (in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF37043D67CCFA480292" box="[1300,1436,224,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF37043D67CCFA480292" box="[1300,1436,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
segments IX–XII are fused), the radius of curvature of segment XX of 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF3702EB6628FB960376" box="[962,1090,261,284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF3702EB6628FB960376" box="[962,1090,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shorter than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF37043A6628FA480376" box="[1299,1436,260,284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF37043A6628FA480376" box="[1299,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the anteroproximal border of segments XVII–XIX are thickened into flange-like extensions (these are absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C55F3FCBBF6FF3701BE6660FECA030E" box="[151,286,332,356]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Megacalanidae" genus="Elenacalanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltaninae">
<emphasis id="B921546DBBF6FF3701BE6660FECA030E" box="[151,286,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">E. eltaninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>