treatments-xml/data/E5/5D/A1/E55DA15BEFC157D5BAA97E1D53878356.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6883cbae-4fcb-4a05-ab30-f0673672c13d" ID-PMC="PMC7790813" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1008-61" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F43798A25D4A53C8B58BACF7281D0CBD" ID-PubMed="33505188" ID-ZooBank="E17BB2E712A94F4295956082848B8FC9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1008-61" checkinTime="1609463508641" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tian, Mingyi &amp; He, Li" docDate="2020" docId="E55DA15BEFC157D5BAA97E1D53878356" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1008: 61-91" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1008" docPubDate="2020-12-31" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" docTitle="Boreaphaenops liyuani Tian &amp; He 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7FA4C38E-65A2-42F1-BB95-12784F9AFAB9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="F43798A25D4A53C8B58BACF7281D0CBD" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="F43798A25D4A53C8B58BACF7281D0CBD" masterDocTitle="A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini)" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1668149672560" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tian, Mingyi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2823-7619</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mytian168@aliyun.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>He, Li</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-3442</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Sichuan Cave Exploration Team, No. 66, 5 th Shuangcheng Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu, 610051, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2020-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1008</mods:number>
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<mods:start>61</mods:start>
<mods:end>91</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1008-61</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E17BB2E712A94F4295956082848B8FC9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176352582" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7FA4C38E-65A2-42F1-BB95-12784F9AFAB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E55DA15BEFC157D5BAA97E1D53878356" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7FA4C38E-65A2-42F1-BB95-12784F9AFAB9" authority="Tian &amp; He, 2020" authorityName="Tian &amp; He" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani" status="sp. nov.">Boreaphaenops liyuani</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="61">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Map of Sichuan Province showing the locations of the related caves." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492963" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
Chinese name: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="李圆北盲步甲">李圆北盲步甲</normalizedToken>
Figs 2
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cave trechine beetles A ventral head of Uenoaphaenops fani (Ueno, 2003), comb. nov., female B ventral head of Chu pheggomisetoides gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov., female C-E elytral chaetotaxy of Uenoaphaenops fani (Ueno, 2003), comb. nov., female, Chu pheggomisetoides gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov., female paratype, and Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov., female holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492965" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">, 4E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov., female holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492970" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. An individual of Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov. running in cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492971" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">, 10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Holotype</emphasis>
: female, the cave Hanwang Dong, Zhongbai, Zengjia, Chaotian, Guangyuan, Sichuan (四川省广元市朝天区曾家镇中柏村汉王洞), 
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.577297" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.577297">32.577297°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="106.106979" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.10698">106.106979°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1210 m, 2020-VI-6, leg. Li He, Yuan Li &amp; Yimei Wen, in SCAU.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">An aphaenopsian, small-sized beetle, eyeless and depigmented, body distinctly elongate, with thin and long appendages, densely pubescent on head and elytra, presence of only a dorsal setiferous pore along the 3rd stria on each elytron.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Length</emphasis>
: 5.2 mm, width: 1.3 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov., female holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492970" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492970" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Habitus of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian &amp; He" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Boreaphaenops liyuani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., female holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Body</emphasis>
brown, but antennae, palps and tarsi paler; head and elytra covered with dense pubescence, pronotum glabrous. Underside of head with a few sparse setae, of thorax and abdominal ventrites glabrous. Microsculpture engraved meshes more or less isodiametric on head, strongly transverse on pronotum and densely striate on elytra.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Head</emphasis>
similar to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
, 2002 from the cave Lenre Dong in Shenlongjia, western Hubei Province (
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Elytra" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="411 - 419" refId="B14" refString="Ueno, SI, 2002. A new genus and species of aphaenopsoid trechine beetle from the northern side of the Yangtze River. Elytra 30 (2): 411 - 419" title="A new genus and species of aphaenopsoid trechine beetle from the northern side of the Yangtze River." volume="30" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
), but with only two pairs of supraorbital setiferous pores instead of three; elongate, much longer than wide, HLm/HW = 2.56, HLl/HW = 1.58; nearly parallel-sided due to genae not convex instead of slightly expanded; widest at about middle of head excluding mandibles, neck constriction well-marked; frons moderately, and vertex strongly convex respectively; anterior and posterior supraorbital pores located at middle and basal 2/9 of head excluding mandibles, frontal furrows strongly divergent, ended near posterior supraorbital pores; clypeus 6-setose; labrum transverse, straight at frontal margin, 6-setose; mandible thin and elongate, gently hooked apically, right mandibular tooth bidentate though distinctly reduced; labial suture completely disappeared; mentum tooth very small, shorter than half of the lateral lobes, bifid at tip, with two setae on each side of base; ligula adnated with paraglossae, 8-setose at apex; basal foveae large and separated; submentum 10-setose; palps thin, slender and glabrous, but bisetose on inner margin of the 2nd labial palpomere which is very long and 1.70 times as long as 3rd; 3rd maxillary palpomere 1.15 times as long as 4th; suborbital pores intermediate between neck and submentum; antennae pubescent from the 2nd antennomere, 1st antennomere stouter covered with several long setae, slightly longer than 2nd; 3rd to 6th longer, subequal to one another; relative length of each antennomere compared with the 2nd in the holotype as: the 1st (1.05), 2nd (1.00), 3rd (1.82), 4th (1.82), 5th (1.82), 6th (1.82), 7th (1.82), 8th (1.64), 9th (1.64), 10th (1.46) and 11th (1.27).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Prothorax</emphasis>
slightly tumid at sides, propleura medially visible from above, slightly wider than pronotum; pronotum similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but more elongate, fore angles distinct, hind ones nearly rectangular; much longer than wide, PnL/PnW = 1.32; slightly shorter than head without mandibles, PnL/HLl = 0.95; wider than head, PnW/HW = 1.19; widest at about 3/4 from base; lateral margins almost vanished at 1/4 portion from base, finely bordered in other parts; base and front nearly straight, unbordered, the former narrower than the latter, Pnb/Pnf = 0.69; anterior latero-marginal setae at about 1/6 from front, posterior ones before hind angles; disc moderately convex, mid-line clear, both front and posterior transversal impressions faintly marked. Scutellum small and elongated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Elytra</emphasis>
longer than fore body including mandibles, much longer than wide, EL/EW = 1.94; nearly twice as wide as prothorax, EW/PrW = 1.96; base unbordered; similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but devoid of humeral angles, lateral margins finely but well-bordered throughout, smooth; widest at about middle, gently contracted towards base but strongly to apices; disc moderately convex though depressed near base just behind basal pores; striae faint but well-indicated from the 1st to 4th; basal pore present at sides of scutellum, only a median dorsal pore present along the 3rd stria at a little behind middle; preapical pore present at about apical 1/7 of elytra, much closer to suture than to apical margin; marginal umbilicate pores well-marked, 2nd closer to marginal gutter than others, prehumeral set (1st to 4th) equidistantly located (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cave trechine beetles A ventral head of Uenoaphaenops fani (Ueno, 2003), comb. nov., female B ventral head of Chu pheggomisetoides gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov., female C-E elytral chaetotaxy of Uenoaphaenops fani (Ueno, 2003), comb. nov., female, Chu pheggomisetoides gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov., female paratype, and Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov., female holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492965" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">4E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Legs</emphasis>
densely pubescent; 1st tarsomere much and slightly shorter than 2nd-4th combined in fore and middle legs, whereas as long in hind ones; tibiae without longitudinal sulci. Abdominal ventrite IV-VI each with two pairs of paramedial setae, ventrite VII quadrisetose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">In honour of Mr. Yuan Li (Deyang, Sichuan), a co-collector of the type material.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
The cave Hanwang Dong is about 400 km in a straight line from Lengre Dong, the locality of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
, 2002, though both localities belong to same range of the Daba-Micang Mountains. Although 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. liyuani" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="liyuani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. liyuani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has several differences from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which are probably of generic importance, e.g. completely fused mentum and submentum (labial suture visible in the latter species), thin and straight mandibles with tooth distinctly reduced (well-developed in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), smooth elytral lateral margins (ciliate in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and very long 2nd labial palpomere which is 1.7 time as long as the 3rd (such a feature never observed in other Chinese cave trechines), we prefer to describe it as a member of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Boreaphaenops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at present as only a single female exemplar is available. In addition, it also differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having smaller body size, presence of only a pair of posterior supraorbital pores on the head instead of two, pronotum well-angulate on hind and fore angles instead of rounded, lack of prehumeral angles of elytra which have only a single dorsal setiferous pore along the 3rd stria instead of three in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and with equidistant prehumeral pores of the marginal umbilicate series, vs. 4th pore far from 3rd in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
China (Sichuan). Known only from the cave Hanwang Dong in Guangyuan (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Map of Sichuan Province showing the locations of the related caves." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492963" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian &amp; He" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Boreaphaenops liyuani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is the first representative of the genus from Sichuan Province, living together with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian &amp; He" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chu pheggomisetoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pheggomisetoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Chu pheggomisetoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonotrechus sinotroglophilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinotroglophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Agonotrechus sinotroglophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Deuve, 1999 and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="H.e.Tian" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Huaius) hanwang" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanwang" subGenus="Huaius">Pterostichus (Huaius) hanwang</taxonomicName>
Tian &amp; He, 2020. It is very rare in the cave: three surveys carried out by SCET led to the discovery of only a single female, which was collected under a stone at the water edge in the innermost main passage in the cave (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. An individual of Boreaphaenops liyuani sp. nov. running in cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492971" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492971" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 10.</emphasis>
An individual of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian &amp; He" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Boreaphaenops liyuani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. running in cave.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>