304 lines
35 KiB
XML
304 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3aa0ff0e-f235-4efb-94f0-15ba44ff5e0d" ID-PMC="PMC7340629" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-944-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" ID-PubMed="32684773" ID-ZooBank="CBF1BE5BD1E5408B8769E8FA935D6C78" ModsDocID="1313-2970-944-47" checkinTime="1593557106400" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wesolowska, Wanda, Azarkina, Galina N. & Wisniewski, Konrad" docDate="2020" docId="32E07CB6B301510DBD8D9CB4600EF047" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 944: 47-98" docOrigin="ZooKeys 944" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921" docTitle="Peplometus biscutellatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" masterDocTitle="A revision of Pachyballus Simon, 1900 and Peplometus Simon, 1900 (Araneae, Salticidae, Ballini) with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668169033184" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Pachyballus Simon, 1900 and Peplometus Simon, 1900 (Araneae, Salticidae, Ballini) with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wesolowska, Wanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wroclaw, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Azarkina, Galina N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Systematics of Invertebrate Animals, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-3913</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wisniewski, Konrad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, Arciszewskiego 22 b, 76 - 200 Slupsk, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>944</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>98</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-944-47</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164844928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32E07CB6B301510DBD8D9CB4600EF047" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/32E07CB6B301510DBD8D9CB4600EF047" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName LSID="32E07CB6-B301-510D-BD8D-9CB4600EF047" authority="(Simon, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">Peplometus biscutellatus (Simon,1887)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Some morphological characters of Pachyballus and Peplometus 1 Pach. flavipes (specimen from Gabon), male, ventral abdominal scuta 2 Pach. ornatus (specimen from Tanzania), female, ventral abdominal scuta 3 Pach. flavipes (specimen from Congo), embolus 4 Pepl. biscutellatus (specimen from Ivory Coast), palpal organ in ventral view 5 Pach. flavipes (specimen from Zimbabwe), epigyne with broken embolus in copulatory opening 6 Pach. castaneus, pitted integument of abdomen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427052" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 129–135" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 129 - 135. First leg of male 129 Pachyballus castaneus 130 Peplometus biscutellatus 131, 132 P. chlorophthalmus 133 P. congoensis 134 P. oyo 135 P. nimba 132 retrolateral view, others prolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures129-135" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427075" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 130</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 136-142</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 143–145" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figures 143 - 145. Peplometus biscutellatus, female 143, 144 habitus, dorsal view 145 habitus, ventral view (143 specimen from Cameroon 144, 145 specimen from Ghana)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures143-145" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427077" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 143-145</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 146–149" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figures 146 - 149. Peplometus biscutellatus, female, epigyne (upper row specimens from Sierra Leone, lower row specimens from Ghana)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures146-149" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427078" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 146-149</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 150–153" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figures 150 - 153. Peplometus biscutellatus, female, internal structure of epigyne 150, 151 ventral view 152, 153 dorsal view (150, 151 specimen from Ghana 152 specimen from Cameroon 153 specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures150-153" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427079" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 150-153</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 189–192" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figures 189 - 192. Dorsal scuta of abdomen, immature specimens. 189, 190 Peplometus biscutellatus 191, 192 Pachyballus transversus 189, 191 younger instar 190, 192 subadult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures189-192" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427087" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 189</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 189–192" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figures 189 - 192. Dorsal scuta of abdomen, immature specimens. 189, 190 Peplometus biscutellatus 191, 192 Pachyballus transversus 189, 191 younger instar 190, 192 subadult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures189-192" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427087" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 190</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 193–198" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figures 193 - 198. Distribution maps of Pachyballus and Peplometus species. 193 circle - Pachyballus caelestis, square - P. castaneus, triangle - P. variegatus 194 P. flavipes 195 circle - P. miniscutulus, square - P. mombasensis, triangle - P. ornatus 196 P. transversus 197 circle - Peplometus biscutellatus, square - P. chlorophthalmus 198 circle - P. nimba, square - P. oyo, triangle - P. congoensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures193-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427088" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 197</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Homalattus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Homalattus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">Homalattus biscutellatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" refId="B22" refString="Simon, E, 1887. Etudes arachnologiques. 19e Memoire. XXVII. Arachnides recueillis a Assinie (Afrique occidentale) par MM. Chaper et Alluaud. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (6)7: 261-276." title="Etudes arachnologiques. 19 e Memoire. XXVII. Arachnides recueillis a Assinie (Afrique occidentale) par MM. Chaper et Alluaud. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (6) 7: 261 - 276." year="1887">Simon 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 263 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">Peplometus biscutellatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" refId="B24" refString="Simon, E, 1901. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, t. 2, 381-668." title="Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, t. 2, 381 - 668." year="1901">Simon 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 486;
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<bibRefCitation author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="297 - 423" refId="B3" refString="Berland, L, Millot, J, 1941. Les araignees de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise I.-Les salticides. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris (N.S.) 12: 297 - 423" title="Les araignees de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise I. - Les salticides. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris (N. S." volume="12" year="1941">Berland and Millot 1941</bibRefCitation>
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: 398.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Ivory Coast • ♀; Assinie;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.133333">5°08'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-3.2666667">3°16'W</geoCoordinate>
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; Alluaud [C.] leg.; MNHN 9072; examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Cameroon • 2♀; Matube, Tiko plantation;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.0666666">4°04'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.35">9°21'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 24.IV-6.V.1949; B. Malkin leg.; CAS • 1♀; Mabete Victoria [Limbe];
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.016667">4°01'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.216666">9°13'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 24.V-7.VI.1949; B. Malkin leg.; CAS • 1♀; Reserve Forestiere Nyong, S to Makak;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="3.4166667">3°25'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="12.783334">12°47'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 17.II.1950; J. Dahl and J. Birket-Smith leg.; UCZM. Ghana • 2♂; Kakum forest;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.4166665">5°25'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-1.3166666">1°19'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 18.XI.2005; primary forest, R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jocqué">Jocque</normalizedToken>
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, D. De Bakker and L. Baert leg.; fogging; MRAC 217 897 • 1♀; the same data; 16.XI.2005; MRAC 217 875 • 2♀; the same data; 25.XI.2005; MRAC 217 945 • 7♂ 4♀; the same locality; 15.XI.2005; secondary forest; MRAC 217 865 • 2♂; the same data; 17.XI.2005; MRAC 217 881 • 1♂; the same data; 12.XI.2005; MRAC 217 857. Guinea • 1♀; Dalaba;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.7">10°42'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-12.25">12°15'W</geoCoordinate>
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; VII.1937; J. Millot leg.; MNHN • 1♂; Nimba Mts,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zougué">Zougue</normalizedToken>
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Valley, near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gbakoré">Gbakore</normalizedToken>
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mine camp;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="7.5666666">7°34'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-8.466666">8°28'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 5.X.2011; 780 m a.s.l.; young secondary gallery forest, fogging canopy; D. van den Spiegel leg.; MRAC 238 187 • 1♂; same locality, Seringbara road; 8.II.2012; beating; A. Henrard, C. Allard,
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="genus">P.</taxonomicName>
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Bimou, M.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sidibé">Sidibe</normalizedToken>
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leg.; MRAC 239 050 • 2♂, 1♀; same locality; gallery forest of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zié">Zie</normalizedToken>
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; 3.X.2011; 1250 m a.s.l.; fogging, canopy forest, understory shrub layer; D. van den Spiegel, A. Hernard leg.; MRAC 238 066. Ivory Coast • 1 imm.; together with the holotype • 1♂;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouaké">Bouake</normalizedToken>
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, Foro Foro;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="7.8166666">7°49'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-5.016667">5°01'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 5-7.VIII.1974; pitfall; G. Couturier leg.; MRAC 216 442 • 1♂; the same data; MRAC 216 380. Nigeria • 1♂; Kabba;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="7.8333335">7°50'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="6.0666666">6°04'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 18-23.II.1949; B. Malkin leg.; CAS. Senegal • 1♂; Dakar;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.316667">8°19'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="west" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-0.21666667">0°13'W</geoCoordinate>
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; IX.1947; L. Berland leg.; MNHN. Sierra Leone • 2♂ 3♀ 2 imm.; Free Town;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.5">8°30'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-13.25">13°15'W</geoCoordinate>
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; col. E. Simon, MNHN 19 988. Togo • 1♀ 1 imm.; without precise locality; col. C.F. Roewer (nr 10861); SMF.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 136–142" startId="F25">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 136-142.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Peplometus biscutellatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">136</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">137</emphasis>
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habitus, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">138</emphasis>
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venter of abdomen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">139</emphasis>
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cheliceral dentition
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">140</emphasis>
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first leg, dorsoprolateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">141</emphasis>
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first leg, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">142</emphasis>
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palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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The male of this species may be distinguished by a flat area on prolateral side of the tibia I (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 129–135" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 129 - 135. First leg of male 129 Pachyballus castaneus 130 Peplometus biscutellatus 131, 132 P. chlorophthalmus 133 P. congoensis 134 P. oyo 135 P. nimba 132 retrolateral view, others prolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures129-135" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427075" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">130</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">140</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">141</figureCitation>
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). The female has a cordiform abdomen, while other congeners have oval abdomen; the width/length ratio of abdomen in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. biscutellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. biscutellatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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female is 0.8, whereas it is 0.75 in other species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Redescription.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements. Cephalothorax: length 1.1-1.7, width 1.2-1.8, height 0.5-0.6. Eye field: length 0.7-0.9, anterior width 1.0-1.3, posterior width 1.2-1.6. Abdomen: length 1.9-2.9, width 1.3-2.1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures143-145" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427077" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 143–145" startId="F26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 143-145.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Peplometus biscutellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">143, 144</emphasis>
|
||
habitus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">145</emphasis>
|
||
habitus, ventral view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">143</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from Cameroon
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">144, 145</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from Ghana).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
General appearance as in Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">136</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">137</figureCitation>
|
||
. Body flattened, completely covered with strongly sclerotised and pitted integument. Dorsum of body dark brown, clothed in dense short white hairs (lost in some of the studied specimens). Eye field on more than half of carapace length, black rings around eyes, the first row of eyes encircled with white hairs. Long white bristles between anterior eyes. Clypeus extremely low, brown with a few white hairs. Chelicerae with three diminutive teeth on promargin and five retromarginal teeth fused basally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">139</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mouthparts brown. Sternum oval, brown. Abdomen elongated, widest anteriorly and tapering rearward, anterior edge almost straight. Dorsum of abdomen totally covered by very strongly sclerotised and pitted scutum, laterally slightly turned back to venter. Venter with typical scuta; anterior scutum narrow, extending backwards laterally, posterior ventral scutum largest, cordiform. In front of epigastric furrow a thin sclerotised plate with thick posterior margin forms narrow wedge-shaped bar. Numerous bumps on sides ventrally; armour-plate pattern is shown in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">138</figureCitation>
|
||
. Spinnerets brown, obscured by dorsal scutum. Legs I the biggest, femora enlarged, brownish with darker prolateral side, three short spines on dorsum. Tibia thickened, clearly flattened prolaterally, blackish with pale dorsal streak, ventrally black brash of dense long feather-shaped setae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 129–135" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 129 - 135. First leg of male 129 Pachyballus castaneus 130 Peplometus biscutellatus 131, 132 P. chlorophthalmus 133 P. congoensis 134 P. oyo 135 P. nimba 132 retrolateral view, others prolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures129-135" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427075" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">130</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">140</figureCitation>
|
||
), metatarsi and tarsi short, yellowish, two pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi. Other legs pale yellowish with dark marks at bases of segments, only femora IV brown (or yellow with brown streak on prolateral side). Palps light, their structure as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 136–142" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figures 136 - 142. Peplometus biscutellatus, male 136 habitus, dorsal view 137 habitus, lateral view 138 venter of abdomen 139 cheliceral dentition 140 first leg, dorsoprolateral view 141 first leg, dorsal view 142 palpal organ, ventral view (photos - specimen from Ghana, drawings - specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures136-142" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427076" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">142</figureCitation>
|
||
. Palpal tibia short with single thin straight apophysis, bulb oval, embolus thin, long, spirally coiled, forming three loops on bulb tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements: Cephalothorax: length 1.0-1.4, width 1.2-1.4, height 0.5-0.6. Eye field: length 0.6-0.8, anterior width 1.0-1.2, posterior width 1.2-1.3. Abdomen: length 2.1-2.3, width 1.7-1.9.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
General appearance as in Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 143–145" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figures 143 - 145. Peplometus biscutellatus, female 143, 144 habitus, dorsal view 145 habitus, ventral view (143 specimen from Cameroon 144, 145 specimen from Ghana)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures143-145" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427077" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">143-145</figureCitation>
|
||
. Similar to male, but abdomen wider, heart-shaped. Scarce white hairs on body. Carapace dark brown, black near eyes. Legs I as in males, not so thick, tibia slightly thickened, retrolateral flattening hardly visible. Palps dark, blackish. Epigyne large, rectangular, weakly sclerotised, with small semicircle shallow depression divided by median septum (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 146–149" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figures 146 - 149. Peplometus biscutellatus, female, epigyne (upper row specimens from Sierra Leone, lower row specimens from Ghana)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures146-149" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427078" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">146-149</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some females horizontal crevices laterally, formed by microsculpture of integument, not part of epigyne (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 146–149" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figures 146 - 149. Peplometus biscutellatus, female, epigyne (upper row specimens from Sierra Leone, lower row specimens from Ghana)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures146-149" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427078" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">146</figureCitation>
|
||
). Copulatory ducts very long, spirally coiled behind openings, form several loops distally, spermathecae bean-shaped (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 150–153" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figures 150 - 153. Peplometus biscutellatus, female, internal structure of epigyne 150, 151 ventral view 152, 153 dorsal view (150, 151 specimen from Ghana 152 specimen from Cameroon 153 specimen from Sierra Leone)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures150-153" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427079" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">150-153</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures146-149" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427078" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 146–149" startId="F27">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 146-149.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Peplometus biscutellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, epigyne (upper row specimens from Sierra Leone, lower row specimens from Ghana).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Immature specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdomen not elongated, heart-shaped, with two oval dorsal scuta on abdomen, close to each other (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 189–192" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figures 189 - 192. Dorsal scuta of abdomen, immature specimens. 189, 190 Peplometus biscutellatus 191, 192 Pachyballus transversus 189, 191 younger instar 190, 192 subadult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures189-192" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427087" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">189</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 189–192" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figures 189 - 192. Dorsal scuta of abdomen, immature specimens. 189, 190 Peplometus biscutellatus 191, 192 Pachyballus transversus 189, 191 younger instar 190, 192 subadult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures189-192" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427087" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">190</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
The first description of the male is given here. Simon described
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. biscutellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. biscutellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a female from Ivory Coast, however in his samples from Sierra Leone the two sexes were present (labelled by Simon himself). This fact has already been mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="297 - 423" refId="B3" refString="Berland, L, Millot, J, 1941. Les araignees de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise I.-Les salticides. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris (N.S.) 12: 297 - 423" title="Les araignees de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise I. - Les salticides. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris (N. S." volume="12" year="1941">Berland and Millot (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but they have not described the missing male. Material collected by Simon is in a very poor condition. Numerous specimens have lately been collected by fogging, this species typically inhabits canopy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
West equatorial Africa (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 193–198" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figures 193 - 198. Distribution maps of Pachyballus and Peplometus species. 193 circle - Pachyballus caelestis, square - P. castaneus, triangle - P. variegatus 194 P. flavipes 195 circle - P. miniscutulus, square - P. mombasensis, triangle - P. ornatus 196 P. transversus 197 circle - Peplometus biscutellatus, square - P. chlorophthalmus 198 circle - P. nimba, square - P. oyo, triangle - P. congoensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures193-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427088" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">197</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures150-153" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427079" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 150–153" startId="F28">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 150-153.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Peplometus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peplometus biscutellatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biscutellatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Peplometus biscutellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, internal structure of epigyne
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">150, 151</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">152, 153</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">150, 151</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from Ghana
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">152</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from Cameroon
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">153</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from Sierra Leone).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |