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<document id="04EF6B8C1D614C9DD0379F6DCA54F480" ID-DOI="10.2478/iF-2017-0014" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586338" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614969502248" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Heissig, Kurt" docDate="2017" docId="192E0655FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFAE3F82F" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.73.3-4.236-274.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 73 (3 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2017-0014" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Prosantorhinus germanicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="239" masterDocId="E5177E2DFFABFFF0FFAAFB36FFCFFF8C" masterDocTitle="Revision Of The European Species Of Prosantorhinus Heissig, 1974 (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="236" pageNumber="239" updateTime="1698881392508" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="3B118B36ED08CDCE8EEE1514013169F6">Revision Of The European Species Of Prosantorhinus Heissig, 1974 (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="D99DE4C8FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFD27F90D" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFD66F9DD" blockId="3.[215,681,1593,1618]" box="[215,681,1593,1618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<heading id="CA70002FFFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFD66F9DD" box="[215,681,1593,1618]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFD66F9DD" authority="(WANG, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="WANG" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[215,681,1593,1618]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFD66F9DD" bold="true" box="[215,681,1593,1618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF7DFD0FFDC5F9DE" bold="true" box="[215,522,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F516CAB2FFA8FFF3FDB2FD0CFD92F9DC" author="Wang, K. - M." box="[536,605,1594,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref16707" refString="Wang, K. - M. (1929): Die obermiozanen Rhinocerotiden von Bayern. - Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 10 (2): 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 03041571" type="journal article" year="1929">WANG</bibRefCitation>
, 1929)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF0CFD5CFD27F90D" blockId="3.[166,744,1642,1665]" box="[166,744,1642,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
N o t e. For earlier synonyms see
<bibRefCitation id="F516CAB2FFA8FFF3FDA5FD5CFD2AF90D" author="Heissig, K." box="[527,741,1642,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" pagination="57 - 81" refId="ref15336" refString="Heissig, K. (1972 a): Die obermiozane Fossil-Lagerstatte Sandelzhausen 5. Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia), Systematik und Okologie. - Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und historische Geologie, 12: 57 - 81." type="journal article" year="1972">Heissig (1972a: 65)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D99DE4C8FFA8FFF3FF2BFDAFFAE3F82F" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" type="description">
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFDAFFD09F95C" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<date id="E5399183FFA8FFF3FF2BFDAFFF05F93C" box="[129,202,1689,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" value="1929-05">1929 v</date>
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71FDAFFE21F93C" authority="Heissig, 2017" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[219,494,1689,1712]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Dicerorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71FDAFFE21F93C" box="[219,494,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Dicerorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8C0D62AFFA8FFF3FE52FDAFFD83F93C" box="[504,588,1689,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" rank="species">n. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– Wang, p. 191 ff., pl. 8, figs 1–4, pl. 9, figs 1, 2, text-fig. 2 B.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFDECFEBBF89D" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<date id="E5399183FFA8FFF3FF2BFDECFF05F97D" box="[129,202,1754,1777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" value="1929-05">1929 v</date>
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71FDECFDC9F97D" box="[219,518,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71FDECFEBDF97D" box="[219,370,1754,1777]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diceratherium</taxonomicName>
steinheimense
</emphasis>
(Jaeger) – Wang, p. 203, pl. 8, figs 5–7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFC2CFE45F8DD" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
1929a v non
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FE83FC2CFDF9F8BD" authority="Heissig, 2017" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[297,566,1818,1841]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Dicerorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FE83FC2CFDF9F8BD" box="[297,566,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Dicerorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8C0D62AFFA8FFF3FD96FC2CFD6AF8BD" box="[572,677,1818,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" rank="species">nov. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– Wang, p. 4, pl. 2, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFC6DFDCAF81E" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
1934
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71FC6DFE71F8FE" box="[219,446,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71FC6DFEA6F8FE" box="[219,361,1883,1906]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ceratorhinus</taxonomicName>
tagicus
</emphasis>
ROMAN, partim – Roman and Viret, p. 35, pl. 9, figs 9, 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFCADFE29F85E" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
1965
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71FCADFDE8F83E" box="[219,551,1947,1970]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71FCADFE59F83E" authorityName="ROGER" authorityYear="1904" box="[219,406,1947,1970]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Brachypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Brachypotherium</taxonomicName>
aurelianense
</emphasis>
Nouel – Ballesio et al., p. 75, pl. 7, fig. 3a, b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BFCEAFDF1F79F" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<date id="E5399183FFA8FFF3FF2BFCEAFF05F87F" box="[129,202,2012,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" value="1970-05">1970 v</date>
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71FCEAFD5DF87F" box="[219,658,2012,2035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71FCEAFEA7F87F" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[219,360,2012,2035]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Dicerorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dicerorhinus</taxonomicName>
sansaniensis-germanicus
</emphasis>
Gruppe part. – Mottl, pp. 83, 89, 98, 102.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FF2BF32AFD30F7BF" blockId="3.[129,768,1689,2099]" box="[129,767,2076,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
1972a v
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FF71F32AFEBAF7BF" authority="Heissig, 2017" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[219,373,2076,2099]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Brachypodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FF71F32AFEBAF7BF" box="[219,373,2076,2099]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Brachypodella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8C0D62AFFA8FFF3FED6F32AFE0CF7BF" box="[380,451,2076,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FE62F32AFDF7F7BF" box="[456,568,2076,2099]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">germanica</emphasis>
– Heissig, p. 65 ff.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCE1FBAEFA05FF23" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,368]" box="[843,1482,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
<date id="E5399183FFA8FFF3FCE1FBAEFC5BFF23" box="[843,916,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" value="1974-05">1974 v</date>
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FC0CFBAEFB85FF23" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[934,1098,152,175]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FC0CFBAEFB85FF23" box="[934,1098,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8C0D62AFFA8FFF3FBFCFBAEFB09FF23" box="[1110,1222,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">nov. nom.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FB7BFBAEFA82FF23" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[1233,1357,152,175]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Dicerorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FB7BFBAEFA82FF23" box="[1233,1357,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Heissig,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FC0CFB8EFA06FE9C" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
p. 37. 1993
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FC0CFBEEFB02FF63" baseAuthorityName="WANG" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[934,1229,216,239]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FC0CFBEEFB02FF63" box="[934,1229,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Cerdeño, p. 65. 1996
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FC0CFBCFFB1FFE9C" baseAuthorityName="WANG" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[934,1232,249,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FC0CFBCFFB1FFE9C" box="[934,1232,249,272]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Cerdeño, p. 111 ff.,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FC0CFA2FFA05FEDC" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
pl. 18, figs 3–9, 11.
<date id="E5399183FFA8FFF3FCE1FA0FFC5AFEDC" box="[843,917,313,336]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" value="1996-05">1996 v</date>
non
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FC63FA0FFB24FEDC" baseAuthorityName="WANG" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[969,1259,313,336]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="germanicus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FC63FA0FFB24FEDC" box="[969,1259,313,336]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus germanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Cerdeño, p.
<specimenCount id="87817CCAFFA8FFF3FA2DFA0FFA0AFEDC" box="[1415,1477,313,336]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" type="generic">113 f.</specimenCount>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FC0CFA6FFB2FFEFC" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,368]" box="[934,1248,345,368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">(Kutaenhausen, Langenau 1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBFAAFFA05FE3C" blockId="3.[843,1482,409,465]" box="[881,1482,409,432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">H o l o t y p e. Left maxilla fragment P2 – M3, BSPG</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCE1FA8CFC41FE5D" blockId="3.[843,1482,409,465]" box="[843,910,442,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">A.S.7.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBFADFFA04FD8C" blockId="3.[881,1483,489,512]" box="[881,1483,489,512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
T y p e l o c a l i t y. Georgensgmünd, Southern
<collectingCountry id="E990F7D3FFA8FFF3FAC9FADFFA09FD8C" box="[1379,1478,489,512]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Germany</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBF92EFA40FDA3" blockId="3.[881,1423,536,559]" box="[881,1423,536,559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">S t r a t u m t y p i c u m. Middle Miocene (MN 5).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBF971FA05FDD2" blockId="3.[843,1482,583,639]" box="[881,1482,583,606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">O c c u r r e n c e. Middle Miocene (MN 5 – MN 7),</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCE1F95EFBBEFDF3" blockId="3.[843,1482,583,639]" box="[843,1137,616,639]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
Southern
<collectingCountry id="E990F7D3FFA8FFF3FC18F95EFBD9FDF3" box="[946,1046,616,639]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E990F7D3FFA8FFF3FB8BF95EFBA2FDF3" box="[1057,1133,616,639]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBF9A1FC0CFCC3" blockId="3.[843,1482,663,847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
D i a g n o s i s.
<typeStatus id="4E3C09E1FFA8FFF3FBA5F9A1FB83FD22" box="[1039,1100,663,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="5687CCC0FFA8FFF3FA8FF9A1FA06FD22" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="2017" box="[1317,1481,663,686]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Prosantorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3F36B51FFA8FFF3FA8FF9A1FA06FD22" box="[1317,1481,663,686]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">Prosantorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a strong nearly terminal bulbous horn base and fused nasals. The finger like prolongation of the nasals in front of the horn base is feeble and directed ventrally. Postcranials robust, relatively small compared with tooth size. Manus tetradactyl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBF851FADBFC32" blockId="3.[843,1483,871,1955]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
D e s c r i p t i o n. After
<bibRefCitation id="F516CAB2FFA8FFF3FBD6F851FAF4FCF2" author="Cerdeno, E." box="[1148,1339,871,894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" pagination="111 - 124" refId="ref14554" refString="Cerdeno, E. (1996): Prosantorhinus, the small teleoceratine rhinocerotid from the Miocene of Western Europe. - Geobios, 29: 111 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (96) 80077 - 5" type="journal article" year="1996">Cerdeño’s (1996)</bibRefCitation>
revision, no doubt remained about the taxonomy of this species. The odontology is documented in
<bibRefCitation id="F516CAB2FFA8FFF3FB22F891FADFFC32" author="Peter, K." box="[1160,1296,935,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239" pagination="3 - 168" refId="ref16130" refString="Peter, K. (2002): Odontologie der Nashornverwandten (Rhinocerotidae) aus dem Miozan (MN 5) von Sandelzhausen (Bayern). - Zitteliana, 22: 3 - 168." type="journal article" year="2002">Peter (2002)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBF8FEFBC1FA2D" blockId="3.[843,1483,871,1955]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">There are several distorted or fragmentary skulls from Sandelzhausen. The general shape is broad and short with flaring zygomatic arches. The temporal lines form a low, short sagittal crest. The occipital crista is broad and the occiput broadens ventrally towards the mastoid processes without any lateral constriction. The nasofrontal surface is deeply concave in profile and faintly convex transversally. The most peculiar structure is that of the horn base. It forms a nearly terminal bulbous, rough protuberance of the nasals, which is hollowed internally due to a pneumatic sinus. In front of this horn base is the very short tip of the nasals and is directed ventrally. The nasal bones arise rostrally and are fused at the tips in adults. They are short, triangular and broad at the base. The nasal incision is of medium depth and very high in front.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBFE9CFC36F92E" blockId="3.[843,1483,871,1955]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">The mandibles show a less acute angle between the two halves than in most other rhinoceroses. The lower margin is curved and the branches are comparatively low. The symphysis is massive and slightly upturned with a short diastema. There is no space for the i1 between the large i2 on the narrow rostral side of the symphysis. The large diverging lower incisors show somewhat twisted crowns, which are strongly curved.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9138B743FFA8FFF3FCDBFD9DFAE3F82F" blockId="3.[843,1483,871,1955]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">
The limb bones are generally shortened and smaller than in other species. Its length ratio corresponds to the graviportal
<typeStatus id="4E3C09E1FFA8FFF3FC6DFDDAFC37F88F" box="[967,1016,1772,1795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="239">type</typeStatus>
. Carpal and tarsal bones are broad and low, metacarpals and metatarsals robust. Most of their characters are due to their proportions and are similar to the other known species. The fifth metacarpal is fully developed and bears a complete digit. Size and proportions can be seen best in the comparative diagrams in the appendix.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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