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<mods:title id="B3F7A1D7FE1E890EDE2812B9D03268FC">New records of aplousobranch ascidians from Central Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="78D0161CEE09ABA609C0E6CDE33B8FF5">Schories, Dirk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="428E493DA2FFEBE59C838DFDC4A42FBB">Sanamyan, Nadya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C3EE8C5851CD2F0C916068999401A6C5">2010</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BA28840CE05FFC2FF45F8B5FD91A80A" blockId="1.[151,590,1806,1868]" box="[151,590,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="D0EA3F2CCE05FFC2FF45F8B5FD91A80A" bold="true" box="[151,590,1806,1832]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DF3C3CE05FFC2FF45F8B5FD91A80A" authority="Millar, 1960" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,590,1806,1832]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falklandicum">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE05FFC2FF45F8B5FD91A80A" bold="true" box="[151,590,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE05FFC2FF45F8B5FE70A80A" bold="true" box="[151,431,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Aplidium falklandicum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE05FFC2FE65F8B5FD91A80A" author="Millar" box="[439,590,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Report, 30, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA28840CE05FFC2FF45F889FEA4A86E" blockId="1.[151,590,1806,1868]" box="[151,379,1842,1868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
(
<figureCitation id="132694C5CE05FFC2FF4DF889FEF9A86E" box="[159,294,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[363,1209,520,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[348,1239,510,1739]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, Aplidium falklandicum, larva. B, C, Aplidiopsis chilensis n. sp., zooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Figures 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132694C5CE05FFC2FEE0F889FEADA86E" box="[306,370,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A, B" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,418,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,418,1649]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, B, Aplidium falklandicum. C, D, Aplidium fuegiense. E, F, Aplidium peruvianum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">5A,B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C307DBCBCE05FFC2FF45F8CCFB46A8AC" box="[151,1177,1911,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA28840CE05FFC2FF45F8CCFB46A8AC" blockId="1.[151,1177,1911,1934]" box="[151,1177,1911,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0DAF6ECE05FFC2FF45F8CCFB46A8AC" box="[151,1177,1911,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DF3C3CE05FFC2FF45F8CCFD9EA8AC" authority="Millar, 1960: 33" authorityName="Millar" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,577,1911,1934]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falklandicum">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE05FFC2FF45F8CCFE55A8AC" box="[151,394,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Aplidium falklandicum</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCAE51CE05FFC2FE43F8CCFD9EA8AC" author="Millar" box="[401,577,1911,1934]" page="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE05FFC2FE43F8CCFDC6A8AC" author="Millar" box="[401,537,1911,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Report, 30, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar, 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 33
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</taxonomicName>
; 1970: 100;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCAE51CE05FFC2FD17F8CCFBD4A8AC" author="Monniot" box="[709,1035,1911,1934]" page="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE05FFC2FD17F8CCFC3AA8AC" author="Monniot" box="[709,997,1911,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Monniot, C. &amp; Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: morphologie et biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Zoologie, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot &amp; Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 15
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(synonymy).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C307DBCBCE05FFC2FF45F80DFF33A8D4" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA28840CE05FFC2FF45F80DFF33A8D4" blockId="1.[151,1436,1974,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE05FFC2FF45F80DFE51A8F2" bold="true" box="[151,398,1974,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Material examined:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30AC8D0CE05FFC2FE47F80CFE08A8F3" box="[405,471,1975,2001]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Chile</collectingCountry>
, 4. region: Punta de Choros, Rhodymenia,
<quantity id="4CE525A5CE05FFC2FC01F80CFBD4A8F3" box="[979,1035,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="10.0">10m</quantity>
, two colonies; La gruta,
<quantity id="4CE525A5CE05FFC2FAFCF80CFABAA8F3" box="[1326,1381,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="25.0">25m</quantity>
, one colony.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C307DBCBCE06FFC1FF14FF2CFD71AEFE" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA28840CE06FFC1FF14FF2CFD71AEFE" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,476]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE06FFC1FF14FF2CFEE0AF93" bold="true" box="[198,319,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
Examined specimens have solid oval colonies with a rather small area of attachment. Zooids are in small circular or oval systems (
<figureCitation id="132694C5CE06FFC1FD87FF06FD0BAFF5" box="[597,724,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A, B" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,418,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,418,1649]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, B, Aplidium falklandicum. C, D, Aplidium fuegiense. E, F, Aplidium peruvianum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196672/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Figure 5A</figureCitation>
). The test is soft, gelatinous, transparent and colourless; the living specimens are whitish or colourless. Thread-like zooids are up to
<quantity id="4CE525A5CE06FFC1FC26FF59FB97AFDE" box="[1012,1096,226,252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long. Stomach wall has five longitudinal folds. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE06FFC1FDF5FEB3FD13AE00" author="Millar" box="[551,716,264,290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Report, 30, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar (1960)</bibRefCitation>
the number of rows of stigmata may vary from 12 to 23, a much wider range than occur in most
<taxonomicName id="4C1DF3C3CE06FFC1FD8AFE96FD1BAE64" box="[600,708,301,326]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695452CE06FFC1FD8AFE96FD1BAE64" box="[600,708,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Aplidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. In the present specimens zooids have 1214 rows of stigmata.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE06FFC1FEDAFEE9FD92AE4E" author="Monniot" box="[264,589,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Monniot, C. &amp; Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: morphologie et biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Zoologie, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot &amp; Monniot (1983)</bibRefCitation>
reported that the number of rows of stigmata is variable but rarely attain 16. Unusual white &quot;thoracic triangles&quot; described for this species by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE06FFC1FC11FEC3FB4CAEB0" author="Millar" box="[963,1171,376,402]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Report, 30, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar (1960: 35)</bibRefCitation>
were not found in the present material. Other features of zooid agree well with the original description, and larva (
<figureCitation id="132694C5CE06FFC1FB2AFE26FAA8AE95" box="[1272,1399,413,439]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[363,1209,520,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[348,1239,510,1739]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, Aplidium falklandicum, larva. B, C, Aplidiopsis chilensis n. sp., zooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Figure 2A</figureCitation>
) is identical to those illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CF5B1CE06FFC1FDD5FE79FD75AEFE" author="Millar" box="[519,682,450,476]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Report, 30, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar (1960)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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