treatments-xml/data/03/92/28/0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68.xml
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<document id="79EBDC44DFDDD8DEFB0456FC5F0801B8" ID-CLB-Dataset="29136" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4487.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="939f52d6-d58b-4a22-8aec-dd5c6a591067" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1456161" ID-ZooBank="524B23B9-8EAA-4BD6-8937-A1B8F1C057B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539207709472" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R. &amp; Choong, Henry H. C." docDate="2018" docId="0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4487.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4487 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hydractinia armata , Fraser 1940" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFAB5052FFE6FFE4AE565F381931FF8A" masterDocTitle="Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698574918362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="265315ECFCFDD948C400D08E7E33DD37">Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="64E9D6399EE1737106498F526835EB2B">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8C3C1A0E037CE506585EE753185428CD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5968279" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148685573" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5968279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFE8FFEAAEC15E101B06FEC8" box="[151,567,296,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAEC15E101B06FEC8" blockId="14.[151,567,296,322]" box="[151,567,296,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0CC2E50FFE8FFEAAEC15E101B06FEC8" bold="true" box="[151,567,296,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFE8FFEAAEC15E101B06FEC8" authority="Fraser, 1940 b" authorityName=", Fraser" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,567,296,322]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Hydractinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAEC15E101B06FEC8" bold="true" box="[151,567,296,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAEC15E1018B4FEC8" bold="true" box="[151,389,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hydractinia armata</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFE8FFEAAEC15E561B2BFE0E" authority="Fraser, 1940 b: 39" authorityName=", Fraser" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,538,366,389]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Hydractinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAEC15E561851FE0F" box="[151,352,366,389]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hydractinia armata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9ABF2DFFE8FFEAAF315E571B2BFE0E" author="" box="[359,538,366,388]" page="39" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAF315E5718C5FE0E" box="[359,500,366,388]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76790" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1940 b) Some hydroids from the California coast, collected in 1939. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 34, 39 - 44. [read 21 May 1940; 1940]" type="journal article">Fraser, 1940b</bibRefCitation>
: 39
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 1af.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAEC15E8918B9FE64" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFE8FFEAAEC15E89199CFE67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526022" collectingDate="1939-06-08" collectionCode="BCPM" collectorName="T. Bullock" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" location="Montara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="BCPM 976-00213-001" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAEC15E891838FE40" bold="true" box="[151,265,433,458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAEC15E891834FE40" box="[151,261,433,458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFE8FFEAAF595E891B24FE40" box="[271,533,433,458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BCPM 976-00213-001</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAAC485E891B68FE43" box="[542,601,433,457]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAC325E891BE9FE40" box="[612,728,433,458]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E5E1B0FFE8FFEAACB55E891A87FE43" box="[739,950,433,457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAD965E8A1D13FE43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68:8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAD965E8A1D13FE43" box="[960,1058,434,457]" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" name="Montara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Montara</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFE8FFEAAA7A5E891D84FE43" box="[1068,1205,433,457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-08">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFE8FFEAAA7A5E891D84FE43" box="[1068,1205,433,457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-08">8 June 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFE8FFEAAAAE5E8A1C5CFE40" box="[1272,1389,433,458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. Bullock</collectorName>
and R
</materialsCitation>
. Fernald; 60% IPA.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFE8FFEAAE915EC11A73FCB8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915EC1185AFDBC" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFE8FFEAAE915EC119C2FDBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526054" collectingDate="1939-06-15" collectionCode="BCPM" collectorName="T. Bullock" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" location="Pillar Point" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="BCPM 976-00214-001" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFE8FFEAAE915EC118FFFD98" box="[199,462,505,530]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BCPM 976-00214-001</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAAF8F5EC11B25FD9B" box="[473,532,505,529]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAC775EC11BA4FD98" box="[545,661,505,530]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E5E1B0FFE8FFEAACF75EC11A46FD9B" box="[673,887,505,529]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAADD55EC11D37FD98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68:8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAADD55EC11D37FD98" box="[899,1030,505,530]" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" name="Pillar Point" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Pillar Point</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFE8FFEAAA445EC11D9CFD9B" box="[1042,1197,505,530]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFE8FFEAAA445EC11D9CFD9B" box="[1042,1197,505,530]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-15">15 June 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
, under ledge, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFE8FFEAABD05EC219C2FDBC" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. Bullock</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 60% IPA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915D7918D1FD28" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFE8FFEAAE915D7918D1FD28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526071" collectingDate="1939-06-08" collectionCode="RBCM" collectorName="T. Bullock &amp; Fernald" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" location="Montara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="RBCM 976-00213-002" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915D791B6FFDD0" bold="true" box="[199,606,577,602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAE915D79180EFDD0" box="[199,319,577,602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
, by present designation.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFE8FFEAAC325D791A5CFDD0" box="[612,877,577,602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">RBCM 976-00213-002</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAAD215D791A83FDD3" box="[887,946,577,601]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAADEB5D791D03FDD0" box="[957,1074,577,602]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E5E1B0FFE8FFEAAA6A5D791C3EFDD3" box="[1084,1295,577,601]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAB4C5D7A1C4DFDD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68:8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAB4C5D7A1C4DFDD3" box="[1306,1404,578,601]" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" name="Montara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Montara</location>
, in tidepools, on coralline algae,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFE8FFEAAFB25D5E1B40FDF4" box="[484,625,614,638]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-08">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFE8FFEAAFB25D5E1B40FDF4" box="[484,625,614,638]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-08">8 June 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
, one colony, with gonophores, in fairly good condition, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFE8FFEAAB735D5E1CACFDF4" box="[1317,1437,613,638]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. Bullock</collectorName>
and R.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFE8FFEAAEB15DB11871FD28" box="[231,320,649,674]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fernald</collectorName>
; 70% ethanol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915D951DEAFD60" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915D95184FFD4C" bold="true" box="[199,382,685,710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAE915D951848FD4C" box="[199,377,685,710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
BCPM 976-00213-001:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAACCA5D961BE6FD4C" box="[668,727,686,710]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAACB35D951A68FD4C" box="[741,857,685,710]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
, San Mateo County, Montara, in tidepools,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFE8FFEAAB075D9619E3FD60" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-08">8 June 1939</date>
, coll. T. Bullock &amp; R. Fernald, two fragments, with gonophores, in fair condition; 60% IPA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915DCE1A73FCB8" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFE8FFEAAE915DCE1BFBFCB8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526092" collectingDate="1939-06-15" collectionCode="BCPM" collectorName="T. Bullock" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" location="Pillar Point" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="BCPM 976-00214-001" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFE8FFEAAE915DCE18E3FC84" box="[199,466,757,782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BCPM 976-00214-001</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAAFB45DCE1B2CFC84" box="[482,541,758,782]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAC785DCD1B93FC84" box="[558,674,757,782]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E5E1B0FFE8FFEAACE55DCE1AA3FC84" box="[691,914,758,782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAADF45DCD1D18FC84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68:8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAADF45DCD1D18FC84" box="[930,1065,757,782]" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" name="Pillar Point" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Pillar Point</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFE8FFEAAA6C5DCD1DECFC84" box="[1082,1245,757,782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFE8FFEAAA6C5DCD1DECFC84" box="[1082,1245,757,782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1939-06-15">15 June 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
, intertidal ledge (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAEC85C221806FCB8" box="[158,311,793,818]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76790" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1940 b) Some hydroids from the California coast, collected in 1939. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 34, 39 - 44. [read 21 May 1940; 1940]" type="journal article">Fraser 1940b</bibRefCitation>
), in poor condition, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFE8FFEAAC075C221BFBFCB8" box="[593,714,793,818]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. Bullock</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 60% IPA.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFE8FFEAAE915C0518F2FC14" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915C051880FCF0" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFE8FFEAAE915C051880FCF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526038" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" location="Mantara" municipality="Montara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915C051857FCDC" bold="true" box="[199,358,829,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAE915C051833FCDC" box="[199,258,829,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFE8FFEAAF3B5C061899FCDC" box="[365,424,830,854]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAFE55C051B18FCDC" box="[435,553,829,854]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E5E1B0FFE8FFEAAC625C061A39FCDC" box="[564,776,830,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00346FFE8FFEAAD455C061A43FCDF" box="[787,882,830,853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Montara</collectingMunicipality>
(misspelled as
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAA775C061DB2FCDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFE8FFEAAEC15E101875FB68:8EE4CFE7FFE8FFEAAA775C061DB2FCDC" box="[1057,1155,830,854]" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo County" municipality="Montara" name="Mantara" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Mantara</location>
), encrusting corallines in tidepools (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAF5A5C5A1894FCF0" box="[268,421,865,890]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76790" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1940 b) Some hydroids from the California coast, collected in 1939. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 34, 39 - 44. [read 21 May 1940; 1940]" type="journal article">Fraser 1940b</bibRefCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915CBD18F2FC14" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" box="[199,451,901,926]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915CBD184DFC14" bold="true" box="[199,380,901,926]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Current status.</emphasis>
Valid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFE8FFEAAE915C911D33FBA4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915C911D33FBA4" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915C91180AFC48" bold="true" box="[199,315,937,962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</emphasis>
In establishing
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFE8FFEAAC505C911A82FC48" authority=", Fraser (1940 b)" authorityName=", Fraser" authorityYear="1940" box="[518,947,937,962]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Hydractinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAC505C911BDFFC4B" box="[518,750,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hydractinia armata</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAD535C921A82FC48" box="[773,947,937,962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76790" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1940 b) Some hydroids from the California coast, collected in 1939. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 34, 39 - 44. [read 21 May 1940; 1940]" type="journal article">Fraser (1940b)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
failed to designate name-bearing
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAB0C5C921CA9FC48" box="[1370,1432,938,962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">types</typeStatus>
. Specimens located at the RBCM (BCPM 976-00213-001; BCPM 976-00214-001) during this study, from the two original
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAEAE5CCA1819FB80" box="[248,296,1010,1034]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
localities near Moss Beach,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAC215CC91BDAFB80" box="[631,747,1009,1034]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
, are considered
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAADFE5CCA1D3BFB80" box="[936,1034,1010,1034]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
here. We designate the best of the available
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAF555B2E186BFBA4" box="[259,346,1046,1070]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
colonies as the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFE8FFEAAC5B5B2D1B45FBA4" box="[525,628,1045,1070]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
herewith (RBCM 976-00213-002).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFE8FFEAAE915B011875FB68" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFE8FFEAAE915B011875FB68" blockId="14.[151,1437,433,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFE8FFEAAE915B01189BFBDB" authorityName=", Fraser" authorityYear="1940" box="[199,426,1081,1106]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Hydractinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAE915B01189BFBDB" box="[199,426,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hydractinia armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, taken to be valid (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAACC25B011A5DFBD8" box="[660,876,1081,1106]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref72164" refString="Cairns, S. D., Calder, D. R., Brinckmann-Voss, Α., Castro, C. B., Fautin, D. G., Pugh, P. R., Mills, C. E., Jaap, W. C., Αrai, M. N., Haddock, S. H. D. &amp; Opresko, D. M. (2002) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Second Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, 28, 1 - 115." type="journal article">
Cairns
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAACBF5B021A2FFBD8" box="[745,798,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2002
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAD2D5B011D72FBD8" box="[891,1091,1081,1106]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref80515" refString="Mills, C. E., Calder, D. R., Marques, Α. C., Migotto, Α. E., Haddock, S. H. D., Dunn, C. W. &amp; Pugh, P. R. (2007) Combined species list of hydroids, hydromedusae, and siphonophores. In: Carlton, J. T. (Ed.), The Light and Smith Manual. Intertidal invertebrates from central California to Oregon. Fourth edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 151 - 168." type="book chapter">
Mills
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFE8FFEAAD975B021AC4FBD8" box="[961,1013,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
; WoRMS), has been reported southwards to San Nicolas Island,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFE8FFEAAC735B651BA7FBFC" box="[549,662,1117,1142]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAACF15B661A02FBFC" box="[679,819,1118,1142]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref77766" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1948) Hydroids of the Αllan Hancock Pacific Expeditions since March, 1938. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 4 (5), 179 - 343. [21 Αpril 1948: noted in publication data facing page 179]" type="journal article">Fraser 1948</bibRefCitation>
), and northwards to a tidepool at Race Rocks, British Columbia, in the Strait of Juan de Fuca (Brinckmann-Voss 1996). Its spines, very numerous, are noteworthy in being long, smooth, and nearly cylindrical up to a tapered point, with a series of internal annular thickenings (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFE8FFEAAEC85BF21809FB68" box="[158,312,1225,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76790" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1940 b) Some hydroids from the California coast, collected in 1939. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 34, 39 - 44. [read 21 May 1940; 1940]" type="journal article">Fraser 1940b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>