560 lines
58 KiB
XML
560 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="D46CCA21943254096D743D85D9DECE13" ID-CLB-Dataset="2865" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068" ID-GBIF-Dataset="992a1126-487d-4ac6-b5c7-e83590fea7bd" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5799592" ID-ZooBank="5CBBACDD-0A2D-4F22-A732-0CD2D5E3D9AD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1640159137779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D." docDate="2022" docId="03B5B03F6B53FFE014AAFB17A8F7F9C5" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab068.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Vitrumanthus schrieri Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer 2022, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="339" masterDocId="FF8CC8476B5DFFF0145FFFE5AD66FF8B" masterDocTitle="Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="347" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="337" updateTime="1699472974832" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9D7A4448F11694250205BF220D46AAE6">Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1CC84A6EFC5182B7ED245050BDA4BDEB">Kise, Hiroki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBB15FA526F94FED49B68B9D97BE905F">Montenegro, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C835F24FFCDAC51E53B783B76796B70B">Santos, Maria E. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6880871D457582E04C1F7CA16D9EE79C">Hoeksema, Bert W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="486D4570A25015F09C88A3B0502B322B">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4004B8AABE48C91E73CA4C85ADE5C7CE">Ise, Yuji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C30146908DE7B4345BA33303D13CCE1D">Higashiji, Takuo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2951DA9E20B087E24758424F04D7BFBB">Fernandez-Silva, Iria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60974665837696A89B5260C40907D9E3">Reimer, James D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="86AFD6E433AB9AC0ADC7C0F12A3B16F3">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="35910D879CE4AD305591F35DF1558D0F">
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<mods:date id="BBB35A3DC176F442C5403C8E65506ACC">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ED2C9EE0A3B4B90940563793786E35F0">2021-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="85D14610F1173FF7597492FB9445637B">194</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="05DFF641503940EC72AE168B9F9C4F18">323</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="B853AE69E678A94DAE2B0CDFE1357565" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="633747776ABAAD9E9E2A31A653B0E486" type="GBIF-Dataset">992a1126-487d-4ac6-b5c7-e83590fea7bd</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2B4E723659FEB82E45242982031E8378" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B5B03F6B53FFE014AAFB17A8F7F9C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5797575" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191713713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5797575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5B03F6B53FFE014AAFB17A8F7F9C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B5B03F6B53FFE014AAFB17A8F7F9C5" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE14AAFB17AFF2FA82" blockId="14.[245,660,1265,1289]" box="[245,660,1265,1289]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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<heading id="D0EBB6456B53FFFE14AAFB17AFF2FA82" box="[245,660,1265,1289]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B53FFFE14AAFB17AF4CFA83" ID-CoL="9FPTL" authority="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer, 2022" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[245,554,1266,1289]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri" status="sp. nov.">VITRUMANTHUS SCHRIERI</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE166DFB10AFF2FA82" bold="true" box="[562,660,1265,1289]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B60406B53FFFE166DFB10AFF2FA82" box="[562,660,1265,1289]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C30652A26B53FFE015DDFAFDA8F7F9C5" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE15DDFAFDAF61FABA" blockId="14.[386,519,1304,1329]" box="[386,519,1304,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13271DAC6B53FFFE15D5FAFDAC99FABA" box="[394,511,1304,1329]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[163,244,1352,1374]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-232@15.[323,1283,195,1312]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Images of external and internal morphology of Vitrumanthus schrieri (A, photographic record: image was taken at the entrance of Piscadera Bay, 12°07’06”N, 68°58’34”W; B–F, holotype: RMNH.COEL.42429). A, living polyps on Verrucocoeloidea liberatorii in situ; B, preserved polyps; C, close-up image of preserved polyp; D, close-up image of tentacle musculature; E, close-up image of cyclically transitional marginal musculature; F, drawing of cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; Tem, tentacle musculature; Ctmm, cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Scale bars: 10 mm (A), 25 mm (B), 5 mm (C), 0.5 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5799606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5799606/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">FIG. 6A–F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE14CEFAA4AC77FADD" box="[145,273,1345,1366]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Synonymy:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B53FFFE1540FAA5ACBFFADD" authorityName="Delage & Herouard" authorityYear="1901" box="[287,473,1344,1366]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
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sp. –
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B53FFFE167EFAA4AC60FAFF" author="Montenegro J & Hoeksema BW & Santos MEA & Kise H & Reimer JD" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" pagination="190" refId="ref16232" refString="Montenegro J, Hoeksema BW, Santos MEA, Kise H, Reimer JD. 2020. Zoantharia (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) of the Dutch Caribbean with historical distribution records from the Atlantic and one new species of Parazoanthus. Diversity 12 (5): 190." type="journal article" year="2020">
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<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE167EFAA4AFC8FADD" box="[545,686,1345,1366]" name="Serbia" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE16E8FAA4AF94FADE" box="[695,754,1344,1366]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2020: 7–8
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 2; ‘zoanthid symbionts’, ‘zoanthids’ –
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B53FFFE14CEFA9BAF5EFA18" author="Reiswig HM & Dohrmann M" box="[145,568,1406,1428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" pagination="233 - 253" refId="ref16833" refString="Reiswig HM, Dohrmann M. 2014. Three new species of glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) from the West Indies, and molecular phylogenetics of Euretidae and Auloplacidae (Sceptrulophora). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171: 233 - 253." type="journal article" year="2014">Reiswig & Dohrmann, 2014: 241–242</bibRefCitation>
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||
, fig. 4A, B; ‘white zoanthids’ –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B53FFFE1540FA78AF2AFA39" author="Van Soest RW & Meesters EH & Becking LE" box="[287,588,1436,1458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" pagination="401 - 443" refId="ref17709" refString="Van Soest RW, Meesters EH, Becking LE. 2014. Deepwater sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curacao, Southern Caribbean. Zootaxa 3878: 401 - 443." type="journal article" year="2014">
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Van Soest
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE15C8FA78ACA9FA3A" box="[407,463,1436,1458]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2014: 438
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE14CEFA03AF81F991" blockId="14.[145,762,1510,1562]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE14CEFA03ACB9FA70" box="[145,479,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:</emphasis>
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u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
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<uuid id="FFBA3BFC6B53FFFE14BFF9E1AF85F991" box="[224,739,1540,1562]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">D326729E-6617-4C5F-8F43-31C5C7133EF4</uuid>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE14CEF9A6AF93F93E" blockId="14.[145,761,1603,1717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE14CEF9A6AC1EF9D3" box="[145,376,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B740B746B53FFFE15D9F9A6AF93F93E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421416309" collectingDate="2014-03-31" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Curasub & B. W. Hoeksema" country="Curaçao" elevation="202" latitude="12.233611" location="SubStation" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-68.89222" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A7BF8B6B53FFFE15D9F9A6AC95F9D2" box="[390,499,1603,1625]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED0D99EC6B53FFFE15A0F9A6AF31F9D3" box="[511,599,1603,1624]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
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.COEL.42429,
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE157CF987ACE3F9FC" box="[291,389,1634,1655]" name="Curaçao" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
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,
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12°14
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01
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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68°53
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<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE163AF985AF0AF9FC" box="[613,620,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
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32
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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, depth range
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</quantity>
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, manned submarine
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<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1607F965AFDAF91E" box="[600,700,1664,1685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</collectorName>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE14CEF945AC2EF93E" box="[145,328,1695,1717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">B. W. Hoeksema</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="FFA227E96B53FFFE150BF97AAC80F93F" box="[340,486,1695,1717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2014-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6DE016B53FFFE150BF97AAC80F93F" box="[340,486,1695,1717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2014-03-31">31 Mar 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, fixed in 99.5% ethanol.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE14CEF93BACBFF8DB" blockId="14.[145,761,1758,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B740B746B53FFFE14CEF93BACB3F8DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421416313" collectingDate="2014-04-21" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Curasub & B. W. Hoeksema" country="Curaçao" elevation="200" latitude="12.084444" location="SubStation" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-68.89833" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE14CEF93BAD9BF978" box="[145,253,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7BF8B6B53FFFE14CEF93BAD9EF978" box="[145,248,1758,1779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0D99EC6B53FFFE1555F93BAC06F978" box="[266,352,1758,1779]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.COEL.42430,
|
||
<location id="8EC357F26B53FFFE165AF93BAFEEF97F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5B03F6B53FFE014AAFB17A8F7F9C5:8EC357F26B53FFFE165AF93BAFEEF97F" box="[517,648,1758,1780]" country="Curaçao" latitude="12.084444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-68.89833" name="SubStation" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">SubStation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE16CBF93BAF93F978" box="[660,757,1758,1779]" name="Curaçao" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE14CEF919AC46F899" box="[145,288,1787,1810]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="15" seconds="04" value="12.084444">
|
||
12°05
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1486F91EAD87F899" box="[217,225,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
04
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE14A1F91EAC6FF899" box="[254,265,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE156FF919ACA2F899" box="[304,452,1787,1810]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-68.89833">
|
||
68°53
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1527F91EACE6F899" box="[376,384,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
54
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE15C1F91EACCFF899" box="[414,425,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE158EF918AC85F899" box="[465,483,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B53FFFE15B0F918AF5BF899" box="[495,573,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0031E61A6B53FFFE15B0F918AF5BF899" box="[495,573,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
deep, manned submarine
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1542F8FEACE2F8BB" box="[285,388,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1542F8FEACE2F8BB" box="[285,388,1819,1840]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE158FF8F9AFF1F8BA" box="[464,663,1819,1841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">B. W. Hoeksema</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA227E96B53FFFE16F9F8FEADACF8C4" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2014-04-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6DE016B53FFFE16F9F8FEADACF8C4" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2014-04-21">21 Apr 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, fixed in 99.5% ethanol
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE1776FB16A831F91C" blockId="14.[809,1426,1266,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1776FB16A92EFA83" box="[809,1096,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Other material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B740B746B53FFFE1011FB17A8EBFA08" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421416311" collectingDate="2013-06-01" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName=" L. Becking & E. Meesters" country="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" elevation="223" latitude="12.079972" location="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-68.29381" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0D99EC6B53FFFE1011FB17A9C4FA83" box="[1102,1186,1266,1288]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.COEL.42620, Cargill Pier,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE1739FAF4A981FAAC" box="[870,1255,1297,1319]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE10ACFAF4A8E8FAAC" box="[1267,1422,1296,1319]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="47.9" value="12.079972">
|
||
12°04
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1169FAF5A85BFAAC" box="[1334,1341,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
47.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1131FAF5A81EFAAC" box="[1390,1400,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE1776FAD5AEB5FACE" box="[809,979,1327,1350]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="37.7" value="-68.29381">
|
||
68°17
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE172EFACAAE1FFACD" box="[881,889,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
37.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE17F0FACAAEDCFACD" box="[943,954,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B53FFFE1068FAD5A9EFFACE" box="[1079,1161,1328,1349]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="223.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0031E61A6B53FFFE1068FAD5A9EFFACE" box="[1079,1161,1328,1349]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="223.0">223 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, manned submarine
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1776FAABAEF4FAE8" box="[809,914,1358,1379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1776FAABAEF4FAE8" box="[809,914,1358,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
based on
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1049FAAAA9DBFAE8" box="[1046,1213,1358,1380]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
RV
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1019FAABA9DBFAE8" box="[1094,1213,1358,1379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Chapman</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1153FAAAA8E9FAEF" box="[1292,1423,1358,1380]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">L. Becking</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1702FA8BAE8EFA08" box="[861,1000,1390,1411]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">E. Meesters</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA227E96B53FFFE17ABFA88A91EFA09" box="[1012,1144,1389,1411]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-06-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6DE016B53FFFE17ABFA88A91EFA09" box="[1012,1144,1389,1411]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-06-01">1 Jun 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, fixed in 99.5% ethanol
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B740B746B53FFFE1776FA69AE9CF997" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421416312" collectingDate="2013-06-01" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName=" L. Becking & E. Meesters" country="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" elevation="248" latitude="12.079972" location="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-68.29381" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0D99EC6B53FFFE1776FA69AE19FA29" box="[809,895,1420,1442]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.COEL.42621, Cargill Pier,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE10EDFA69AED1FA4B" isEnumeration="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE179EFA4EA932FA4B" box="[961,1108,1449,1472]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="47.9" value="12.079972">
|
||
12°04
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE105EFA4CA961FA4B" box="[1025,1031,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
47.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1069FA4CA926FA4B" box="[1078,1088,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE1000FA4FA993FA4B" box="[1119,1269,1449,1472]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="37.7" value="-68.29381">
|
||
68°17
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE10C0FA4CA9C3FA4B" box="[1183,1189,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
37.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE108BFA4CA9B8FA4B" box="[1236,1246,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B53FFFE1119FA4EA8EBFA4B" box="[1350,1421,1451,1472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="248.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0031E61A6B53FFFE1119FA4EA8EBFA4B" box="[1350,1421,1451,1472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="248.0">248 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, manned submarine
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE104CFA2CA910FA55" box="[1043,1142,1481,1502]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE104CFA2CA910FA55" box="[1043,1142,1481,1502]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
based on
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE10B2FA2FA8EDFA55" box="[1261,1419,1481,1503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
RV
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1146FA2CA8EDFA55" box="[1305,1419,1481,1502]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Chapman</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE173DFA0DAE85FA75" box="[866,995,1512,1534]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">L. Becking</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE107DFA0DA9D4FA76" box="[1058,1202,1512,1533]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">E. Meesters</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA227E96B53FFFE109FFA0DA82EFA76" box="[1216,1352,1512,1533]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-06-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6DE016B53FFFE109FFA0DA82EFA76" box="[1216,1352,1512,1533]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-06-01">1 Jun 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, fixed in 99.5% ethanol
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B740B746B53FFFE1057F9E3A835F91C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421416307" collectingDate="2013-05-30" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="L. Becking & E. Meesters" country="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" elevation="140" latitude="12.146916" location="Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-68.28211" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0D99EC6B53FFFE1057F9E3A904F997" box="[1032,1122,1542,1564]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.COEL.42622, Kralendijk Pier,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE1739F9C0A981F9B0" box="[870,1255,1573,1595]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE10ACF9C0A8E8F9B0" box="[1267,1422,1572,1595]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="48.9" value="12.146916">
|
||
12°08
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1169F9C1A85BF9B0" box="[1334,1341,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
48.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1131F9C1A81EF9B0" box="[1390,1400,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2867EE6B53FFFE1776F9A1AEB5F9D2" box="[809,979,1603,1626]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" precision="1" seconds="55.6" value="-68.28211">
|
||
68°16
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE172EF9A6AE1FF9D1" box="[881,889,1603,1626]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">′</emphasis>
|
||
55.6
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE17F0F9A6AEDCF9D1" box="[943,954,1603,1626]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">″</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B53FFFE1068F9A1A9EFF9D2" box="[1079,1161,1604,1625]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="140.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0031E61A6B53FFFE1068F9A1A9EFF9D2" box="[1079,1161,1604,1625]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, manned submarine
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1776F987AEEAF9FC" box="[809,908,1634,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1776F987AEEAF9FC" box="[809,908,1634,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
based on
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE105EF986A9F9F9FC" box="[1025,1183,1634,1656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
RV
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1072F987A9F9F9FC" box="[1069,1183,1634,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Chapman</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE10BDF986A838F9F3" box="[1250,1374,1634,1656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">L. Becking</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26E964FF6B53FFFE1776F967AEC9F91C" box="[809,943,1666,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">E. Meesters</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA227E96B53FFFE17E6F964A92DF91D" box="[953,1099,1665,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-05-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6DE016B53FFFE17E6F964A92DF91D" box="[953,1099,1665,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337" value="2013-05-30">30 May 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, fixed in 99.5% ethanol
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B53FFFE1776F925A85DF8DB" blockId="14.[809,1425,1728,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1776F925AECFF95E" box="[809,937,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named for Adriaan ‘Dutch’ Schrier, owner of the manned submersible
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE115FF93BA804F978" box="[1280,1378,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curasub</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B53FFFE1776F91BAED9F899" box="[809,959,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">RV Chapman</emphasis>
|
||
, operated from Substation
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B53FFFE10BAF918A823F899" box="[1253,1349,1789,1810]" name="Curaçao" pageId="14" pageNumber="337">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
, for his generosity in allowing BWH to sample specimens. The Japanese name is 'Amime-ruri-sunaginchaku'.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6351A16B52FFFF14FCFAADA969FA7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5799606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5799606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5799606/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" startId="15.[163,244,1352,1374]" targetBox="[323,1283,195,1312]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B52FFFF14FCFAADA969FA7A" blockId="15.[163,1442,1352,1521]" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF14FCFAADAC76FAD6" bold="true" box="[163,272,1352,1374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Images of external and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B52FFFF177AFAADA97EFAD5" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[805,1048,1352,1374]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF177AFAADA97EFAD5" box="[805,1048,1352,1374]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">Vitrumanthus schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A, photographic record: image was taken at the entrance of Piscadera Bay, 12°07’06”N, 68°58’34”W; B–F, holotype: RMNH.COEL.42429). A, living polyps on
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF14FCFA66AF6BFA12" box="[163,525,1411,1433]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B52FFFF14FCFA66ACA5FA12" authorityName="Reiswig & Dohrmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[163,451,1411,1433]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Verrucocoeloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="liberatorii">Verrucocoeloidea liberatorii</taxonomicName>
|
||
in situ
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; B, preserved polyps; C, close-up image of preserved polyp; D, close-up image of tentacle musculature; E, close-up image of cyclically transitional marginal musculature; F, drawing of cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; Tem, tentacle musculature; Ctmm, cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Scale bars: 10 mm (A), 25 mm (B), 5 mm (C), 0.5 mm (D, E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B52FFFF14FCF9FEA87BF907" blockId="15.[163,778,1562,1890]" lastBlockId="15.[827,1443,1562,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF14FCF9FEAF19F9BB" box="[163,639,1562,1584]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">Description: External morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. Circa 50 cylindrical polyps in preserved specimen. Solitary or colonial polyps rise irregularly from the hexactinellid sponge
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B52FFFF15F3F993AC98F921" authority="Reswig & Dohrmann, 2014" authorityName="Reswig & Dohrmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Verrucocoeloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="liberatoriii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF15F3F993AE6CF900" box="[428,778,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">Verrucocoeloidea liberatoriii</emphasis>
|
||
Reswig & Dohrmann, 2014
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Living polyps white and tentacle transparent in coloration. Preserved polyps dark beige. Surface of column rough and ectoderm continuous. Ectoderm and mesoglea of polyps encrusted with numerous and various sizes of sand and silica particles. The living expanded oral disks
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF14B6F8A8AD9DF8E9" box="[233,251,1869,1890]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">c.</emphasis>
|
||
up to 8.0 mm in diameter, expanded polyps
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF1764F9FFAE2AF9A4" box="[827,844,1562,1583]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">c.</emphasis>
|
||
up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B52FFFF17C1F9FFAE97F9A4" box="[926,1009,1562,1583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height, 1.0–5.0 mm in diameter. Preserved contracted preserved polyps
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B52FFFF1149F9DCA8C4F9C5" box="[1302,1442,1593,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="0.3">0.3–2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B52FFFF17EDF9B2A95CF9E6" box="[946,1082,1623,1645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Capitulary ridges indiscernible. Tentacles
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B52FFFF100DF993A9D0F907" box="[1106,1206,1654,1676]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" unit="in" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">20–24 in</quantity>
|
||
number.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B52FFFF1764F971A96DF8E9" blockId="15.[827,1443,1562,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF1764F971A942F922" box="[827,1060,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">Internal morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. Zooxanthellae absent. Cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Encircling sinus present and basal canals of mesenteries absent. Mesenteries thin. Mesoglea thickness
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B52FFFF117DF914A855F88D" box="[1314,1331,1777,1798]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="338">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B52FFFF1161F915A8F8F88D" box="[1342,1438,1776,1798]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Mesoglea thicker than ectoderm and endoderm. Siphonoglyph distinct and V-shaped. Mesenterial filaments present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6351A16B4DFFE014CEFB94A8E2FB54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5799610" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5799610" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5799610/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" startId="16.[145,221,1137,1159]" targetBox="[225,1345,195,1097]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE014CEFB94A8E2FB54" blockId="16.[145,1426,1137,1247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEFB94AD95FB0D" bold="true" box="[145,243,1137,1159]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Images of external and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0169EFB94AEA8FB0C" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[705,974,1137,1159]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vanderlandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0169EFB94AEA8FB0C" box="[705,974,1137,1159]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Vitrumanthus vanderlandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(holotype:RMNH.COEL.42623).A, preserved polyps on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE014AAFB6BACA8FB2F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1858" box="[245,462,1166,1188]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Aphrocallistidae" genus="Aphrocallistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="beatrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014AAFB6BACA8FB2F" box="[245,462,1166,1188]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Aphrocallistes beatrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; B, C, close-up image of polyp; D, close-up image of tentacle musculature; E, longitudinal section of polyp; F, drawing of cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; Te, tentacle; Tem, tentacle musculature; Ctmm, cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Scale bars: 3 mm (A), 1.5 mm (B, C, E), mm (C), 0.3 mm (D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE014F6FAE0AC3EFAD3" blockId="16.[145,761,1285,1368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014F6FAE0AD9CFA91" box="[169,250,1285,1306]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Cnidae</emphasis>
|
||
. Basitrichs and microbasic b-mastigophores, microbasic p-mastigophores, holotrichs and spirocysts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13271DAC6B4DFFE014C6FAA7AD8FFAD3" box="[153,233,1346,1368]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[145,225,1421,1443]" captionTargetBox="[304,1265,196,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[303,1266,195,1381]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Cnidae in the tentacles, column, actinopharynx and mesenterial filaments of holotypes of new species in this study. A, cnidae of Churabana kuroshioae; B, cnidae of Vitrumanthus schrieri; C, cnidae of Vitrumanthus vanderlandi; D, cnidae of Vitrumanthus oligomyarius. Abbreviations: Hl, holotrichs large; Hm, holotrichs medium; Hs, holotrich small; O, basitrichs and microbasic b-mastigophores; Pm, microbasic p-mastigophores; S, spirocysts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5799604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5799604/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69E34926B4DFFE014A9FAA7AC2FFADC" box="[246,329,1346,1368]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="13.[162,226,196,217]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Table 2. Cnidae types and sizes observed in this study. Frequency: relative abundance of cnidae type in decreasing order; numerous, common, occasional, rare. N = number of cnidae measured" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6351A16B50FFFD14FDFF21AEDCFF7C" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" tableUuid="DF6351A16B50FFFD14FDFF21AEDCFF7C">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE014CEFA61AF9CFA33" blockId="16.[145,762,1412,1464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEFA61ACAAFA12" box="[145,460,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Distribution and habitats:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B4DFFE01586FA61AF92FA11" box="[473,756,1412,1434]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Caribbean Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
: known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B4DFFE01549FA47AC14FA3C" box="[278,370,1442,1463]" name="Curaçao" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B41B96B4DFFE015FCFA47AC9CFA33" box="[419,506,1442,1464]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
|
||
at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE4ACCC6B4DFFE01622FA47AF90FA33" box="[637,758,1442,1464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" metricValueMax="2.48" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="194.0" valueMax="248.0" valueMin="140.0">
|
||
140–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1ACAA06B4DFFE016EDFA47AF90FA33" box="[690,758,1442,1464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="generic">248 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE014CEFA39ACCFF9C6" blockId="16.[145,761,1500,1614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEFA39AC32FA7A" box="[145,340,1500,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Associated hosts:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0153EFA39ACE3F984" authority="Reswig & Dohrmann, 2014" authorityName="Reiswig & Dohrmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Verrucocoeloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="liberatorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0153EFA39AFF9FA7A" box="[353,671,1500,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Verrucocoeloidea liberatorii</emphasis>
|
||
Reswig & Dohrmann, 2014
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE015C6FA1FAF21F9A5" authority="Van Soest, Meesters & Becking, 2014" authorityName="Van Soest, Meesters & Becking" authorityYear="2014" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Parahigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE015C6FA1FAF9FF984" box="[409,761,1530,1551]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Parahigginsia strongylifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE014CEF9FCAF21F9A5" author="Van Soest RW & Meesters EH & Becking LE" box="[145,583,1561,1583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="401 - 443" refId="ref17709" refString="Van Soest RW, Meesters EH, Becking LE. 2014. Deepwater sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curacao, Southern Caribbean. Zootaxa 3878: 401 - 443." type="journal article" year="2014">Van Soest, Meesters & Becking, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE016DCF9FCACC2F9C6" authority="(Schmidt, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Hexactinellida" genus="Cyrtaulon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sigsbeei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE016DCF9FCAD8EF9C6" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Cyrtaulon sigsbeei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE014A8F9DDACFCF9C6" author="Schmidt O" box="[247,410,1592,1614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="33 - 90" refId="ref17099" refString="Schmidt O. 1880. Die Spongien des meerbusen von Mexico (Und des caraibischen Meeres). Heft II. Abtheilung II. Hexactinelliden. Abtheilung III. Tetractinelliden. Monactinelliden und Anhang. Nachtrage zu Abtheilung I (Lithistiden). In: Reports on the dredging under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the USCSS ' Blake'. Jena: Gustav Fischer, 33 - 90." type="book chapter" year="1880">Schmidt, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE014CEF99BA952FA58" blockId="16.[145,761,1662,1899]" lastBlockId="16.[809,1425,1285,1614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEF99BAC62F918" box="[145,260,1662,1683]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
In terms of host hexactinellid sponges,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE014CEF978ACC0F939" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,422,1693,1714]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEF978ACC0F939" box="[145,422,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Vitrumanthus schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE014CEF959AC29F95A" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,335,1724,1745]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vanderlandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEF959AC29F95A" box="[145,335,1724,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. vanderlandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE015C9F959ADB2F97B" authority="(Wassilieff, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Wassilieff" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oligomyarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE015C9F959AF38F95A" box="[406,606,1724,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. oligomyarius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE0162AF959ADADF964" author="Wassilieff A" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref17742" refString="Wassilieff A. 1908. Japanische actinien, in Doflein. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse der Koniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1: 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1908">Wassilieff, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE015D4F93EAF6DF964" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[395,523,1754,1776]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE015D4F93EAF6DF964" box="[395,523,1754,1776]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE014CEF91CAC29F885" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1969" box="[145,335,1785,1806]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Verrucocoeloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE014CEF91CAC29F885" box="[145,335,1785,1806]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Verrucocoeloidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sponges.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE015E5F91CAFD3F885" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[442,693,1785,1806]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE015E5F91CAFD3F885" box="[442,693,1785,1806]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Vitrumanthus schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not only associated with hexactinellid sponges, but also with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE014CEF8D3AC51F8C7" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1885" box="[145,311,1846,1868]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="class">Demospongiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE01641F8D3AC39F8E1" authority="(Van Soest et al., 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Van Soest" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Parahigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01641F8D3AFD9F8C0" box="[542,703,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Parahigginsia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE01693F8D2AC32F8E1" author="Van Soest RW & Meesters EH & Becking LE" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="401 - 443" refId="ref17709" refString="Van Soest RW, Meesters EH, Becking LE. 2014. Deepwater sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curacao, Southern Caribbean. Zootaxa 3878: 401 - 443." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01489F8B3AC76F8E1" box="[214,272,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE01610F8B3AF9FF8E1" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[591,761,1877,1899]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vanderlandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01610F8B3AF9FF8E1" box="[591,761,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. vanderlandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE01701FAE3A970FA91" baseAuthorityName="Wassilieff" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[862,1046,1285,1307]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oligomyarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01701FAE3A970FA91" box="[862,1046,1285,1307]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. oligomyarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0114EFAE0A935FAB2" authority="(Topsent, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1928" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Tretochone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="duplicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0114EFAE0AEFEFAB2" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Tretochone duplicata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE017F7FAC1A92DFAB2" author="Topsent E" box="[936,1099,1316,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref17638" refString="Topsent E. 1928. Sur deux Euretides du Japon. (Note preliminaire). Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique de Monaco 515: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1928">Topsent, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the column of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE01776FAA6AEF8FADC" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[809,926,1346,1368]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01776FAA6AEF8FADC" box="[809,926,1346,1368]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rough, due to heavy encrustation, while columns of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE017EBFA87A900FAFD" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[948,1126,1377,1399]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vanderlandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE017EBFA87A900FAFD" box="[948,1126,1377,1399]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. vanderlandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE010F9FA87A807FAFD" baseAuthorityName="Wassilieff" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1190,1377,1377,1399]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oligomyarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE010F9FA87A807FAFD" box="[1190,1377,1377,1399]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. oligomyarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are smooth with almost no encrustations.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE010B3FA65AE2EFA3F" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE010B3FA65A8F6FA1E" box="[1260,1424,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Vitrumanthus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NSMT-Co 1755) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0101CFA7AA98CFA38" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[1091,1258,1438,1460]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vanderlandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0101CFA7AA98CFA38" box="[1091,1258,1438,1460]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. vanderlandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0173CFA58A952FA58" box="[867,1076,1469,1491]" class="Hexactinellida" genus="Cyrtaulon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0173CFA58AEB0FA59" box="[867,982,1469,1490]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Cyrtaulon</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA301296B4DFFE0171EFA39A8F7F9C5" blockId="16.[809,1425,1285,1614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D7CD86B4DFFE0171EFA39A9EFFA79" author="Reiswig HM & Dohrmann M" box="[833,1161,1500,1522]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="233 - 253" refId="ref16833" refString="Reiswig HM, Dohrmann M. 2014. Three new species of glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) from the West Indies, and molecular phylogenetics of Euretidae and Auloplacidae (Sceptrulophora). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171: 233 - 253." type="journal article" year="2014">Reiswig & Dohrmann (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported zoantharians were found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE01781FA1FA84DF984" authorityName="Reiswig & Dohrmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[990,1323,1530,1551]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" genus="Verrucocoeloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="liberatorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE01781FA1FA84DF984" box="[990,1323,1530,1551]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Verrucocoeloidea liberatorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and we judge that these are likely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C7AAA6B4DFFE0100BF9FFA9A2F9A5" authorityName="Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer" authorityYear="2022" box="[1108,1220,1561,1583]" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Vitrumanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="schrieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968DD3B6B4DFFE0100BF9FFA9A2F9A5" box="[1108,1220,1561,1583]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">V. schrieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on external morphology and the host hexactinellid sponge species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |