210 lines
20 KiB
XML
210 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6209501" ID-GBIF-Dataset="abe42390-e5b3-472a-80d9-88f7be67d863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923752" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6209501" checkinTime="1430747876485" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="David B. Richman" docDate="2010" docId="038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9" docLanguage="en" docName="11533_Richman_2010_Jou_38_73-78.pdf" docOrigin="The Journal of Arachnology 38" docTitle="Hentzia palmarum Hentz 1831" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFB4FFB9FFF6EF69FF943C44FFA2BB77" masterDocTitle="A new species and new records of Hentzia (Araneae: Salticidae: Dendryphantinae) from the United States" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="73" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1645470422916" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species and new records of Hentzia (Araneae: Salticidae: Dendryphantinae) from the United States</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>David B. Richman</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Journal of Arachnology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>73</mods:start>
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<mods:end>78</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6209501" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923752" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6209501" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection box="[980,1327,1605,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph box="[980,1327,1605,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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<heading box="[980,1327,1605,1628]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hentz 1831" authorityName="Hentz" authorityYear="1831" box="[980,1327,1605,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[980,1177,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Hentzia palmarum</emphasis>
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(Hentz 1831)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1091,1215,1636,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="description">
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<paragraph box="[1091,1215,1636,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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<figureCitation box="[1091,1215,1636,1658]" captionStart="Figures 9 – 17" captionStartId="4.[166,238,1252,1272]" captionTargetBox="[146,1527,194,1230]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[146,1527,194,1230]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 9 – 17. — Hentzia species. 9, 10. Hentzia alamosa new species, female paratype epigyna, ventral views; 9. From Cuevas Amarillas, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas; 10. From Ojito Adentro, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas. 11 – 15. Hentzia palmarum (Hentz) female epigyna, ventral views; 11. From Archbold Biological Station, Highland County, Florida; 12. From Madina County, Texas; 13. From Travis County, Texas; 14. From Zavala County, Texas; 15. From Edwards County, Texas. 16. Hentzia fimbriata female epigynum, ventral view, near Sycamore Canyon, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. 17. Hentzia alamosa new species male chelicerae, male allotype (paratype), from Cuevas Amarillas, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas. Note two acute promarginal teeth and one acute retromarginal tooth, similar to that of male Hentzia palmarum, but with the proximal teeth nearly in line. All epigynal photos to same scale; both bars = 0.2 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Figs. 11–15</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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In the process of comparing this species to specimens of
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<taxonomicName box="[818,994,1706,1728]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alamosa" status="new species">
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<emphasis box="[818,994,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Hentzia alamosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1000,1123,1706,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from Big Bend Ranch State Park, Presidio County, Texas, several new records were discovered. For a description of this species see Richman (1989, pp. 296– 302, figs. 16–27).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,998,1826,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">New Records.</emphasis>
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—
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1226907239" collectingDate="1994-01" collectionCode="TAMUIC" collectorName="J. W. Stewart" country="United States of America" county="Edwards County" latitude="30.02472" location="near Rock Springs" longitude="-100.2058" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Texas">
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<collectingCountry box="[1026,1080,1826,1847]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[1096,1158,1826,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis box="[1096,1158,1826,1847]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Texas</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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:
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<specimenCount box="[1178,1253,1826,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount box="[1272,1376,1826,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCounty pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Edwards County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9:8EFB600CFFF5EF6AFC193B04FBECBC22" box="[909,1102,1855,1877]" country="United States of America" county="Edwards County" name="near Rock Springs" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Texas">near Rock Springs</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[1115,1237,1855,1877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">30°0 1ʹ29ʺN</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1248,1386,1855,1877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">100°12ʹ21ʺW</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingDate pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">
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<date pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">January 1994</date>
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</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1226907240" collectingDate="1994-01" collectionCode="TAMUIC" collectorName="J. W. Stewart" country="United States of America" county="Mason County" latitude="30.74889" location="near Mason" longitude="99.23056" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Texas">
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<specimenCount box="[884,987,1885,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCounty box="[1001,1166,1885,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Mason County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9:8EFB600CFFF5EF6AFB093B1AFABCBC04" box="[1181,1310,1886,1907]" country="United States of America" county="Mason County" name="near Mason" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Texas">near Mason</location>
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(ca
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<geoCoordinate box="[1362,1483,1885,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">30°44ʹ56ʺN</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[818,944,1914,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">99°13ʹ50ʺW</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<date box="[965,1109,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">
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<collectingDate box="[965,1109,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">January 1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1226907236" collectingDate="1994-01" collectionCode="TAMUIC" collectorName="J. W. Stewart" country="United States of America" county="Zavala County" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" location="near Nueces" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Texas">
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<specimenCount box="[1122,1195,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount box="[1208,1309,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCounty box="[1322,1483,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Zavala County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87C1FFF5EF6DFC403A02FBB9BCD9:8EFB600CFFF5EF6AFCA63BDDFC15BCD9" box="[818,951,1945,1966]" country="United States of America" county="Zavala County" name="near Nueces" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Texas">near Nueces</location>
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(ca
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<geoCoordinate box="[1006,1127,1944,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">28°47ʹ18ʺN</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1143,1269,1944,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">99°49ʹ0 9ʺW</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<date box="[1293,1441,1945,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">
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<collectingDate box="[1293,1441,1945,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="1994-01">January 1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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. All specimens were taken from irrigation tubes in pecan orchards by
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<collectorName pageId="4" pageNumber="77">J. W. Stewart</collectorName>
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. All specimens deposited in
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<collectionCode box="[554,665,1502,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">TAMUIC</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="77" targetBox="[146,1527,194,1230]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
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Figures 9–17.—
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<taxonomicName box="[323,398,1253,1272]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[323,398,1253,1272]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species. 9, 10.
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<taxonomicName box="[545,704,1252,1272]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alamosa" status="new species">
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<emphasis box="[545,704,1252,1272]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia alamosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[711,825,1252,1272]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, female paratype epigyna, ventral views; 9. From Cuevas Amarillas, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas; 10. From Ojito Adentro, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas. 11–15.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hentz" authorityName="Hentz" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[1352,1530,1278,1298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia palmarum</emphasis>
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(Hentz)
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</taxonomicName>
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female epigyna, ventral views; 11. From Archbold Biological Station, Highland County, Florida; 12. From Madina County, Texas; 13. From Travis County, Texas; 14. From Zavala County, Texas; 15. From Edwards County, Texas. 16.
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<taxonomicName box="[1114,1282,1331,1352]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriata">
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<emphasis box="[1114,1282,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia fimbriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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female epigynum, ventral view, near Sycamore Canyon, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. 17.
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<taxonomicName box="[779,939,1358,1378]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alamosa" status="new species">
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<emphasis box="[779,939,1358,1378]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia alamosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[947,1059,1359,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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male chelicerae, male allotype (paratype), from Cuevas Amarillas, Big Bend State Park, Presidio County, Texas. Note two acute promarginal teeth and one acute retromarginal tooth, similar to that of male
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<taxonomicName box="[271,448,1411,1431]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[271,448,1411,1431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia palmarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but with the proximal teeth nearly in line. All epigynal photos to same scale; both bars = 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="77" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[169,287,1532,1553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Discussion.</emphasis>
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—The scattered distribution of most
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<taxonomicName box="[728,813,1533,1554]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[728,813,1533,1554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species in the western United States and Mexico, usually in riparian areas, suggests speciation events by the founder effect, with a few individuals being accidentally introduced (perhaps by storms) to isolated favorable habitats. The other possibility may be isolation of populations of more widely spread species (such as
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<taxonomicName box="[427,577,1708,1730]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" genus.bestMatchDistance="221" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[427,577,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">H. palmarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<emphasis box="[628,770,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName box="[628,770,1708,1730]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" genus.bestMatchDistance="20" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriata">H. fimbriata</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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) in refugia because of desert expansion, followed by subsequent speciation events. The presence of
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<emphasis box="[573,775,1767,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName box="[573,775,1767,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriata">Hentzia fimbriata</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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in Sycamore Canyon is an exception to the isolated populations in other parts of the southwesten USA and northwestern Mexico, as this species is widespread in Mexico. It is likely that its distribution follows the Sierra Madre and the watersheds of Mexican rivers draining into the Gulf of California. Sycamore Canyon, which drains into the Rio Altar in the Rio de la Concepcion drainage in Sonora, and where the U.S. specimens of
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<emphasis box="[1241,1389,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName box="[1241,1389,1501,1523]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" genus.bestMatchDistance="246" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriata">H. fimbriata</taxonomicName>
|
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</emphasis>
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have been collected, is unusual in the variety of jumping spiders found there that are primarily associated with other geographical ranges. These include
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<taxonomicName authority="Peckham & Peckham 1885" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Zygoballus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
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<emphasis box="[1114,1317,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Zygoballus rufipes</emphasis>
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Peckham & Peckham 1885
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(Mexico and eastern United States),
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<taxonomicName authority="Pinter 1970" authorityName="Pinter" authorityYear="1970" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Phidippus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tux">
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||
<emphasis box="[1382,1531,1619,1641]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Phidippus tux</emphasis>
|
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Pinter 1970
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(central Mexico), and
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<taxonomicName authority="Peckham & Peckham 1892" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sarinda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hentzi">
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||
<emphasis box="[1234,1389,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Sarinda hentzi</emphasis>
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(Peckham & Peckham 1892)
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(eastern United States) (all collected by the author). Because of the similar morphological features, future research on the genus
|
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<taxonomicName box="[1250,1335,1738,1759]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1250,1335,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Hentzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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should include mitochondrial DNA analysis of as many species as possible in order to clear up the actual phylogenetic source and relationships of these species, especially in the
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<taxonomicName box="[1423,1530,1826,1848]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[1423,1530,1826,1848]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">palmarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group. This is unfortunately beyond the scope of this paper and would require collection of fresh material from Cuba and Mexico, as well as the USA, even if limited to the
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<taxonomicName box="[861,969,1944,1966]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hentzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarum">
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<emphasis box="[861,969,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">palmarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |