223 lines
20 KiB
XML
223 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5531/sd.sp.55" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eb1717dc-9526-481c-a859-7ca8fd036425" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7730159" checkinTime="1678711572948" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Herhold, Hollister W, Davis, Steven R, Degrey, Samuel P & Grimaldi, David A" docDate="2023" docId="038D8781FFFF205AFF2DFB7CA232FD64" docLanguage="en" docName="BAmMusNatHist.459.1-184.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 459 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/sd.sp.55" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.8:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Trigoniophthalmus alternatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="184" masterDocId="FFB4FFF9FFE42044FFFBFF9FA014F931" masterDocTitle="COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1678885751306" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Herhold, Hollister W</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Davis, Steven R</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Degrey, Samuel P</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grimaldi, David A</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>459</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>184</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/sd.sp.55</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5531/sd.sp.55</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">eb1717dc-9526-481c-a859-7ca8fd036425</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7730159</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7730559" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209443313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7730559" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D8781FFFF205AFF2DFB7CA232FD64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D8781FFFF205AFF2DFB7CA232FD64" lastPageId="30" pageId="27">
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<subSubSection box="[214,530,1251,1275]" pageId="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[214,530,1251,1275]" box="[214,530,1251,1275]" pageId="27">
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<heading box="[214,530,1251,1275]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="27" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silvestri" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[214,530,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Machilidae" genus="Trigoniophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeognatha" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternatus">
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<emphasis box="[214,530,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="27">Trigoniophthalmus alternatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[260,483,1300,1324]" pageId="27" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[260,483,1300,1324]" box="[260,483,1300,1324]" pageId="27">
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<heading box="[260,483,1300,1324]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="27" reason="4">“Jumping bristletail”</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="30" pageId="27" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[170,573,1350,1374]" box="[170,573,1350,1374]" pageId="27">
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<figureCitation box="[170,271,1350,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="28.[609,696,1685,1706]" captionTargetBox="[609,1212,224,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-300@28.[609,1212,224,1654]" captionText="FIGURE 8. Trigoniophthalmus alternatus (Archaeognatha: Machilidae), lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7730181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7730181/files/figure.png" pageId="27">Figures 8</figureCitation>
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(lateral),
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<figureCitation box="[378,391,1350,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="29.[108,194,1605,1626]" captionTargetBox="[139,1180,224,1577]" captionTargetId="figure-22@29.[139,1181,224,1577]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 9. Trigoniophthalmus alternatus (Archaeognatha: Machilidae), dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7730183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7730183/files/figure.png" pageId="27">9</figureCitation>
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(dorsal, ventral)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="27.[159,585,1400,1424]" box="[159,585,1400,1424]" pageId="27">
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<heading box="[159,585,1400,1424]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="27" reason="2">Plates 1 (lateral), 2 (dorsal), 3 (ventral)</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="27.[108,636,1449,1738]" pageId="27">
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<emphasis box="[140,353,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="27">
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<taxonomicName box="[140,349,1449,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Machilidae" genus="Trigoniophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeognatha" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trigoniophthalmus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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as the representative of the most basal order in Class
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[438,518,1483,1506]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Insecta</taxonomicName>
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, is notable in its tracheal architecture by a complete lack of longitudinal connections between spiracles. This taxon is critical to understanding the apparent insect ground-plan tracheal structure.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="27.[108,636,1449,1738]" lastBlockId="27.[684,1212,226,1738]" pageId="27">
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The thoracic tracheae of most taxa are supplied by both
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<collectionCode box="[260,278,1681,1705]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-
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<collectionCode box="[299,313,1681,1705]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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and
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<collectionCode box="[367,386,1681,1705]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[407,422,1681,1705]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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, with
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<collectionCode box="[489,505,1681,1705]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-
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<collectionCode box="[525,579,1681,1705]" pageId="27">DLT</collectionCode>
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connecting longitudinally. In
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<taxonomicName box="[419,630,1714,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Machilidae" genus="Trigoniophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeognatha" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[419,630,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="27">Trigoniophthalmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however,
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<collectionCode box="[790,808,226,250]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[829,843,226,250]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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appears to only supply
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<collectionCode box="[1108,1126,226,250]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[1145,1163,226,250]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
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and its associated coxa. Branches from
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<collectionCode box="[1076,1094,259,283]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-
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<collectionCode box="[1115,1129,259,283]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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extend posteriorly into the metathorax, nominally supplied by
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<collectionCode box="[786,805,325,349]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[826,841,325,349]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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, including an apparent
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<collectionCode box="[1117,1134,325,349]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[1153,1209,325,349]" pageId="27">DLT</collectionCode>
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. The naming of
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<collectionCode box="[863,880,358,382]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[898,954,358,382]" pageId="27">DLT</collectionCode>
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here is an instance of using the positional criterion in homology (sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Remane, A." box="[764,927,424,448]" pageId="27" refId="ref57263" refString="Remane, A. 1952. Die Grundlagen des naturlichen Systems, der vergleichenden Anatomie und der Phylogenetik. Leipzig: Geest & Portig." type="book" year="1952">Remane, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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), in that the connectivity of this trachea is not consistent with other taxa; however the position suggests its identification as
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<collectionCode box="[718,735,523,547]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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3-
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<collectionCode box="[754,810,523,547]" pageId="27">DLT</collectionCode>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="de Pinna, M. C. C." box="[830,1013,523,547]" pageId="27" pagination="367 - 394" refId="ref54067" refString="de Pinna, M. C. C. 1991. Concepts and tests of homology in the cladistic paradigm. Cladistics 7: 367 - 394." type="journal article" year="1991">de Pinna, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<collectionCode box="[1037,1054,523,547]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-VB extends posterior, almost in the opposite direction of the anterior-reaching cephalic branches. While the position of
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<collectionCode box="[869,886,623,647]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-VB may not appear to be “ventral” in nature, a comparison of its relative position in the hump-backed
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Machilidae" genus="Trigoniophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeognatha" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27">Trigoniophthalmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and in particular its connection to
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<collectionCode box="[1156,1173,722,746]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-
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<collectionCode box="[1194,1211,722,746]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
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with apterygote taxa from
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<taxonomicName box="[980,1104,755,779]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Zygentoma</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dermaptera" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Dermaptera</taxonomicName>
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demonstrates its homology as a ventral branch. Several tracheae range anteriorly or posteriorly beyond segment boundaries, most prominently
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<collectionCode box="[829,849,887,911]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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5-DB-DVi, which extends posteriorly past
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<collectionCode box="[819,841,920,944]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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6-
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<collectionCode box="[862,876,920,944]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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, reaching
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<collectionCode box="[1005,1027,920,944]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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7-
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<collectionCode box="[1048,1062,920,944]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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; and
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<collectionCode box="[1135,1156,920,944]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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7-Cr, which likewise extends posteriorly from
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<collectionCode box="[1156,1177,953,977]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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7-
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<collectionCode box="[1198,1212,953,977]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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into both the cerci and terminal filament. However, tracheae for most segments, particularly in the abdomen, remain restricted to their individual segment, placing
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<taxonomicName box="[996,1211,1085,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Machilidae" genus="Trigoniophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeognatha" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[996,1211,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="27">Trigoniophthalmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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among the simplest tracheal body plans in this study and unique in its lack of longitudinal connections. This corroborates observations made by
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<bibRefCitation author="Palmen, J. A." box="[717,880,1218,1242]" pageId="27" refId="ref57078" refString="Palmen, J. A. 1877. Zur Morphologie des Tracheensystems. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1877">Palmén (1877)</bibRefCitation>
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and reviewed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Dittrich, K. & B. Wipfler" pageId="27" pagination="101072" refId="ref54095" refString="Dittrich, K., and B. Wipfler. 2021. A review of the hexapod tracheal system with a focus on the apterygote groups. Arthropod Structure and Development 63: 101072." type="journal article" year="2021">Dittrich and Wipfler (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="27.[684,1212,226,1738]" lastPageId="28" pageId="27">
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DESCRIPTION:
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<collectionCode box="[905,973,1284,1308]" pageId="27">HEAD</collectionCode>
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: Characteristically arched thorax, pronotum covering much of head, making boundary between thoracic tracheae and head tracheae rather indistinct.
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<collectionCode box="[1158,1176,1383,1407]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="27">T</collectionCode>
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2-
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<collectionCode box="[1198,1212,1383,1407]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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at anteriormost margin of mesothorax, covered by overhanging tergum, shown in
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<figureCitation box="[1100,1207,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="30.[109,195,856,877]" captionTargetBox="[255,1033,262,829]" captionTargetId="figure-358@30.[255,1066,224,829]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 10. Trigoniophthalmus (Archaeognatha) head detail front-right view, showing location of T2-S, anterior and under mesothoracic tergum. Positions of T3-S and A1-S, likewise under tergites, also shown. Direct screen capture from 3D Slicer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7730185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7730185/files/figure.png" pageId="27">figure 10</figureCitation>
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. H-DCT very thick, with three branches: H-Ic, extending anteriorly and dorsad; H-Oc-Ant anterior and medially before dividing into H-Oc toward midline and H-Ant laterally; H-Mx proceeds anteriad with H-MxPlp branching ventrally and anteriad. H-VCT very thick, with two branches: H-Lbm ventrad, extending into H-LbmPlp; H-Md anteriad, crossing over H-Md from opposite side of head but not connecting.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28">THORAX: T2-S present, with five tracheae: H-DCT and H-VCT leading anteriad directly into head, beginning at T2-S and running parallel for length of prothorax; T2-DB leading dorsad; T2-VB and T2-L directly posteriad. H-DCT with no thoracic branches; H-VCT with T1-L branching ventrally; T1-VC present, extending from T1-L. T2-DB-Vi branches just dorsal of T2-S, extending anteriorly; T2-DB continuing dorsad, dividing into what appear to be anterior T1-DLT and posterior T2-DLT near midline; T1-DLT and T2-DLT extend into viscera with no connections to neighboring spiracles. T2-L running posteriad and ventrally, into midleg; large T2-L-Vi and smaller T2-VC divide from T2-L posterior from T2-S. T2-VC joins with anterior-arching T3-VC to form T2-VX intersection. T2-L-Vi extends posteriad into metathorax, with apparent dorsal T3-DLT, T3-Cx ventral, and numerous small visceral tracheae. T3-S ventral to and much smaller than T2-S, with two tracheae: T3-L and T3-VB. T3-L extending dorsad with small T3-L-Vi before arcing ventrad into hind leg; T3-VB directly toward midline with small T3-VC branch that arcs anteriorly to join T2-VC at T2-VX.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastBlockId="30.[108,636,986,1110]" lastPageId="30" pageId="28">
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ABDOMEN: A1..7-S present, all located ventrally. No longitudinal connections present;
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<figureCitation box="[154,249,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="31.[107,193,853,874]" captionTargetBox="[247,1074,226,813]" captionTargetId="figure-342@31.[247,1074,224,825]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 11. Trigoniophthalmus alternatus (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) abdominal tracheal detail, abdominal segment 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7730189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7730189/files/figure.png" pageId="28">figure 11</figureCitation>
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with representative abdominal segment. A
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<emphasis box="[231,245,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
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-S with A
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<emphasis box="[348,362,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
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-DB running dorsad along arc of body wall, turning inward toward midline of body but not forming DC; A
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<emphasis box="[181,195,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
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-VB branching dorsally for a short distance before arcing ventrad toward midline. A
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|
<emphasis box="[186,200,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
|
|
-VC absent. A
|
|
<emphasis box="[368,382,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
|
|
-DB with visceral tracheae A
|
|
<emphasis box="[232,246,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
|
|
-DB-MVi, branching anterior and medially halfway up body; A
|
|
<emphasis box="[471,485,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="28">n</emphasis>
|
|
-DB-DVi branches dorsally toward tergal wall. A5-DB-DVi extends posteriorly to 8th abdominal segment; A7-DB-DVi extends posteriorly past 8th abdominal segment, dividing into A-TF and A-Cr; neither
|
|
<collectionCode box="[548,568,986,1010]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="30" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
|
5-DB-DVi nor
|
|
<collectionCode box="[219,239,1019,1043]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="30" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
|
7-DB-DVi connect to spiracles of other segments. A-TF with two tracheae per side (4 total); A-Cr single trachea per cercus.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |