191 lines
20 KiB
XML
191 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="5EF78C9106465C2404005033E0DCD993" ID-CLB-Dataset="31639" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4342.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15799d2a-1968-4874-8100-452597d4e26b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1041066" ID-ZooBank="2ACD54D2-3487-432D-9323-EEC131FE2E64" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1509694849742" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perkins, Philip D." docDate="2017" docId="038587BBE398FF31FF75FAFBBC3BFEE1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4342.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4342 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Limnebius Leach 1815" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="FFBCFFC3E307FF91FFE2FFA5B93CFF85" masterDocTitle="Hydraenidae of Madagascar (Insecta: Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1698480684898" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4DA85269BB84B6529199E119381CA74">
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<mods:title id="F74879DB31A53D809FB41E8875A64D28">Hydraenidae of Madagascar (Insecta: Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="519B887969A07D1B042F3908EDA2245A">Perkins, Philip D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6A25291A11BA5142400D1FD47C82F921">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="79B9A21B60F077B4E57837FCF1AE8380">
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<mods:date id="8EA85776D8563DEB4CCFFF6F5D8423D9">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0970B2349448E55930BF60ED37C38032">2017-11-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="38FEFB669155740A406C39C2904CFFFF">4342</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BEDC91B4312EDD2D5599E22806E2F373" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4342.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038587BBE398FF31FF75FAFBBC3BFEE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5323690" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137233395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5323690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038587BBE398FF31FF75FAFBBC3BFEE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038587BBE398FF31FF75FAFBBC3BFEE1" lastPageId="160" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E398FF0EFF75FAFBBB2FF9AF" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE398FF0EFF75FAFBBA11FAFD" blockId="159.[151,813,1374,1400]" box="[151,813,1374,1400]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<heading id="D0DB81C1E398FF0EFF75FAFBBA11FAFD" bold="true" box="[151,813,1374,1400]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFF75FAFBBA11FAFD" bold="true" box="[151,813,1374,1400]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFF75FAFBB893FAFD" ID-CoL="8VRSL" authority="Leach 1815" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[151,431,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFF75FAFBB824FAFD" bold="true" box="[151,280,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Limnebius</emphasis>
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Leach 1815
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</taxonomicName>
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, subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFDD5FAFBBA11FAFD" authority="Rey 1883" authorityName="Rey" authorityYear="1883" box="[567,813,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Bilimneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFDD5FAFBBB8FFAFD" bold="true" box="[567,691,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Bilimneus</emphasis>
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Rey 1883
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE398FF0EFF75FA00BB2FF9AF" blockId="159.[151,1436,1445,2010]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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Previously unrecorded for Madagascar, ten new species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFCCAFA00BAA1FA3B" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[808,925,1445,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFCCAFA00BAA1FA3B" box="[808,925,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Limnebius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are described herein. The species are, as is so common for the genus, very similar in external morphology; reliable determinations require examination of the aedeagi, in temporary slide mounts, with a compound microscope. Species vary in size from ca.
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<quantity id="4CD49B48E398FF0EFB02FA4BBC7AF980" box="[1248,1350,1518,1542]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="0.77">0.77 mm</quantity>
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to
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<quantity id="4CD49B48E398FF0EFA89FA48B9F9F9AC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="1.15">1.15 mm</quantity>
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, and are very similar in color.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E398FF31FF25F990BC3BFEE1" lastPageId="160" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE398FF0EFF25F990BD2DF93C" blockId="159.[151,1436,1445,2010]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFF25F990B800F9CB" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[199,316,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFF25F990B800F9CB" box="[199,316,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Limnebius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE398FF0EFE86F990B8D7F9CB" box="[356,491,1589,1614]" name="Madagascar" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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have been collected in both streams and ponds. Specimens have been collected at localities from sea level up to
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<quantity id="4CD49B48E398FF0EFE12F9FFBB7EF9F7" box="[496,578,1626,1650]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470m</quantity>
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. Some species have a wide altitudinal range; for example
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFB35F9FFBC53F9F7" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[1239,1391,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanostillus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFB35F9FFBC53F9F7" box="[1239,1391,1625,1650]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">H nanostillus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been collected at six localities at elevations of 50, 71, 400, 545, 781, and 1470 meters. Other species appear to have a narrower range, for example
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFE12F907BB48F93F" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[496,628,1697,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergsteni">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFE12F907BB48F93F" box="[496,628,1697,1722]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">L. bergsteni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a known range of
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<quantity id="4CD49B48E398FF0EFC9CF907BD31F93C" box="[894,1037,1698,1722]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="900.0">900–1100 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE398FF0EFF25F960BD51F85F" blockId="159.[151,1436,1445,2010]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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Based on the structure of the aedeagus the Malagasy species appear to be related to species from
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE398FF0EFAEEF960BCA0F95B" box="[1292,1436,1733,1758]" name="South Africa" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<collectingRegion id="49E8F84FE398FF0EFAEEF960BC71F95B" box="[1292,1357,1733,1758]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">South</collectingRegion>
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Africa
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</collectingCountry>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B5CE398FF0EFF29F94CB85DF887" author="Perkins" box="[203,353,1769,1794]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" refString="Perkins, P. D. (2015) Taxonomy of the water beetle genus Limnebius in southern Africa (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae). Zootaxa, 3948 (1), 41 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3948.1.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Perkins 2015</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE398FF0EFE7DF94CBB3AF887" box="[415,518,1769,1794]" name="Australia" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(Perkins 2004). The aedeagi have an internal capsule, which is located in various positions in the main piece, but always above the basal curve (i.e., not located in a basal bulb). In some Malagasy species the capsule occupies nearly the entire length of the main piece (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E398FF0EFC09F894BD76F8CF" box="[1003,1098,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURES 158 – 161" captionStartId="167.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionText="FIGURES 158 – 161. Limnebius, aedeagi of holotypes." pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Fig. 161</figureCitation>
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) whereas in others (especially very long and slender aedeagi) the capsule is located in the distal 1/4 or 1/3 of the main piece (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E398FF0EFAC9F8F0BCACF8EB" box="[1323,1424,1877,1902]" captionStart="FIGURES 154 – 157" captionStartId="166.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionText="FIGURES 154 – 157. Limnebius, aedeagi of holotypes." pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
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). Within the capsule, or with the tip slightly emerging subapically on the main piece, is the protrudable gonopore bearing duct; the duct varies in size among the species. The single species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFC1BF838BD52F833" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1017,1134,1949,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFC1BF838BD52F833" box="[1017,1134,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Limnebius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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known from
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE398FF0EFAE4F838BC51F833" box="[1286,1389,1949,1974]" name="Australia" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Australia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE398FF0EFF75F867B84EF85F" box="[151,370,1985,2010]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE398FF0EFE9FF867BB44F85F" authority="Perkins" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2004" box="[381,632,1985,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acupunctus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE398FF0EFE9FF867BB26F85C" box="[381,538,1986,2009]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">L. acupunctus</emphasis>
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Perkins
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</taxonomicName>
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, also has this aedeagal
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE398FF0EFC9EF867BA90F85F" box="[892,940,1986,2010]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">type</typeStatus>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B5CE398FF0EFC58F864BD5DF85F" author="Perkins" box="[954,1121,1985,2010]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" refString="Perkins, P. D. (2004 c) Limnebius acupunctus, a new species of water beetle from Australia and Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae). Zootaxa, 749, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="c">Perkins 2004c</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3A7FF31FF25FF32BC3BFEE1" blockId="160.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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Rudoy
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FEF8FF3CB86FFF35" box="[282,339,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
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(2016) constructed a molecular phylogeny for the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FC3CFF32BD6FFF35" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[990,1107,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FC3CFF32BD6FFF35" box="[990,1107,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Limnebius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and found that there are two main lineages:
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FEA1FF19BB73FF51" box="[323,591,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FEA1FF19B884FF50" authority="Perkins, 2017" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[323,440,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Limnebius</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B57C4E3A7FF31FE22FF18BB73FF51" box="[448,591,189,212]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FD6AFF19BAB6FF51" authority="(Bilimneus)" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Bilimneus" box="[648,906,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FD6AFF19BBC1FF50" box="[648,765,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Limnebius</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FCEDFF19BA43FF50" box="[783,895,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bilimneus</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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; consequently the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FB32FF19BC7CFF50" authorityName="Rey" authorityYear="1883" box="[1232,1344,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Bilimneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FB32FF19BC7CFF50" box="[1232,1344,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bilimneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was reerected. Their DNA sequencing included three species of interest for this study:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FBB6FF44BC79FF7D" authority="Perkins" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2015" box="[1108,1349,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endroedyi">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FBB6FF44BDDAFF7D" box="[1108,1254,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">L. endroedyi</emphasis>
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Perkins
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE3A7FF31FABBFF7AB9DFFE98" name="South Africa" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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<collectingRegion id="49E8F84FE3A7FF31FABBFF7ABCA0FF7D" box="[1369,1436,223,248]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">South</collectingRegion>
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Africa
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</collectingCountry>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FF15FEA0B8ADFE98" authority="Perkins, 2017" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[247,401,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanostillus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FF15FEA0B8ADFE98" box="[247,401,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">L. nanostillus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B57C4E3A7FF31FE78FEA1B8E6FE98" box="[410,474,260,285]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FE78FEA1B8E6FE98" bold="true" box="[410,474,260,285]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(specimen "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE3A7FF31FD85FEA1BBCDFE98" box="[615,753,260,285]" name="Madagascar" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
AI549"), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FC75FEA0BDAEFE98" authority="Perkins" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2004" box="[919,1170,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Limnebius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acupunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FC75FEA0BD0AFE99" box="[919,1078,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">L. acupunctus</emphasis>
|
||
Perkins
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE3A7FF31FB40FEA1BC31FE98" box="[1186,1293,260,285]" name="Australia" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B763DE3A7FF31FAF8FEA0B9D1FEC5" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). All three of these species group within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FD56FE82BD33FEC5" authority="(Rudoy et al., 2016)" authorityName="Rudoy et al." authorityYear="2016" box="[692,1039,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Bilimneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FD56FE82BA18FEC5" box="[692,804,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bilimneus</emphasis>
|
||
(Rudoy
|
||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FC67FE8CBA81FEC5" box="[901,957,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The aedeagi of all of the Malagasy species lack parameres, and the species are therefore considered members of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3A7FF31FB72FEE9BC3CFEE0" box="[1168,1280,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Bilimneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3A7FF31FB72FEE9BC3CFEE0" box="[1168,1280,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bilimneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |