458 lines
56 KiB
XML
458 lines
56 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="475D54AF744B43017D88155A97CC50B4">
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<mods:title id="F6AAF4079D88274EC5D269C4B2112099">A new species of Manoa Fittkau (Diptera: Chironomidae), with DNA barcodes from Xianju National Park, Oriental China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4615399802714CD689400467C37DD09D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="96BAA1D67636440B80CBD8E7FCCE7F57">Qi, Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68828D6245D3AC9196F566CF5C33E4F2">Wang, Xin-Hua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="171663EF644DDEB0C1DF27F9933E3509">Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D05C38F37E11B63DC33B73BC89D2E3FC">Lin, Xiao-Long</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FAFD6A20A849592C47EEBEF9231B4AA9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4122CD683B764B115B0EB168AA9E66B7">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6007223" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127694929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6007223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF4FFD407CD0D2CBF09D9A1" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" blockId="1.[151,578,1883,1943]" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<heading id="D0BA343AFFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" bold="true" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" bold="true" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBFFAD940" ID-CoL="9HJGP" authority="Qi & Lin" authorityName="Qi & Lin" box="[151,504,1883,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBF7DD943" bold="true" box="[151,383,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
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Qi & Lin
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF4FFD406A50D2BBC40D940" box="[511,578,1884,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF4FFD407CD0D09BF09D9A1" blockId="1.[151,578,1883,1943]" box="[151,267,1918,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D09BEA2D9A1" bold="true" box="[151,160,1918,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">(</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF4FFD407FA0D09BF00D9A1" box="[160,258,1918,1943]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,249,981,1003]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,249,1939,1961]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionStartId-5="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionStartId-6="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetBox-5="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetBox-6="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId-4="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId-5="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetId-6="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionTargetPageId-5="7" captionTargetPageId-6="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Figs 1–7</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF4FFD707CD0DB1BD39DECE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF4FFD707CD0DB1BD39DECE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1990,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<materialsCitation id="3B25890BFFF4FFD707CD0DB1BFDDDEE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1434499443" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="BOLD" collectorName="X. Qi" country="China" county="Taizhou" elevation="190" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" latitude="28.63267" location="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0DB1BF46D9E9" bold="true" box="[151,324,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF4FFD407CD0DB1BED0D9E9" box="[151,210,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF4FFD406100DB1BFB0D9E9" box="[330,434,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(deposited in BDN): male (
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<collectionCode id="ED5C1B93FFF4FFD405BD0DB0BD37D9E9" box="[743,821,1991,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">BOLD</collectionCode>
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sample ID: XJ17),
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<collectingCountry id="F35AC3C6FFF4FFD4034A0DB1BA54D9E9" box="[1040,1110,1990,2015]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49894DB4FFF4FFD4033A0DB1BB32D9E9" box="[1120,1328,1990,2015]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Zhejiang Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCounty id="6293FBDAFFF4FFD402610DB1BB9AD9E9" box="[1339,1432,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Taizhou</collectingCounty>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96192CFFF7FFD707CD0AE0BEE4DE86" box="[151,230,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Xianju</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8E92D58DFFF7FFD707A60AE0BC62DE99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8:8E92D58DFFF7FFD707A60AE0BC62DE99" box="[252,608,151,176]" country="China" county="Taizhou" latitude="28.63267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" name="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province">Kuocangshan Nature Reserve</location>
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,
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||
<location id="8E92D58DFFF7FFD7052C0AE0BCF5DE86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8:8E92D58DFFF7FFD7052C0AE0BCF5DE86" box="[630,759,151,176]" country="China" county="Taizhou" latitude="28.63267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" name="Yukengcun" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province">Yukengcun</location>
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, near stream,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE79E591FFF7FFD704E80AE0BA3FDE86" box="[946,1085,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" precision="1" value="28.63267">28.63267°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE79E591FFF7FFD703090AE0BAEBDE86" box="[1107,1257,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" precision="1" value="120.57606">120.57606°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="00606465FFF7FFD703A40AEFBB95DE86" box="[1278,1431,151,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="190.0">
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<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703A40AEFBB52DE99" box="[1278,1360,152,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="FFF3A596FFF7FFD707CD0ACBBF0EDEE3" box="[151,268,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" value="2016-05-24">
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<collectingDate id="EFB75C7EFFF7FFD707CD0ACBBF0EDEE3" box="[151,268,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" value="2016-05-24">24.V.2016</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMethod id="520CFB41FFF7FFD706430ACABF8FDEE2" box="[281,397,189,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">sweep net</collectingMethod>
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,
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<collectorName id="26B8E680FFF7FFD706C00ACABFDDDEE3" box="[410,479,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">X. Qi</collectorName>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
. Paratypes: 11 males, (BDN no. XJ18–25, XJ33, XJ36, XJ37),
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<materialsCitation id="3B25890BFFF7FFD703EC0ACBBD3ADECE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1434499444" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="X. Qi" country="China" county="Taizhou" elevation="190" latitude="28.63267" location="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D4B48DFFFF7FFD703EC0ACBBB26DEE3" box="[1206,1316,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
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(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5C1B93FFF7FFD7026F0ACBBB72DEE2" box="[1333,1392,188,212]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">ZSM</collectionCode>
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||
no. XJ34, XJ35; BDN no. XJ16), sampling data as for holotype
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF7FFD7079D0B73BECDDC73" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0B73BB8EDF2B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" box="[199,1420,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0B73BF4CDF2B" bold="true" box="[199,334,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Etymology.</emphasis>
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||
Named after the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF7FFD7054A0B72BC42DF2B" box="[528,576,261,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. The species epithet is adjectival for the purposes of nomenclature.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0B50BECDDC73" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0B50BFD2DF76" bold="true" box="[199,464,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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The new species conforms to the genus descriptions in Andersen &
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCFEA7FFF7FFD703940B50BB6FDF76" box="[1230,1389,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" refString="Saether, O. A. (1977) Female genitalia in Chironomidae and other Nematocera: morphology, phylogenies, keys. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 197, 1 - 204." type="journal article">Saether (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCFEA7FFF7FFD707CD0B3BBFBDDF52" author="Jacobsen" box="[151,447,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" refString="Jacobsen, R. E. & Perry, S. A. (2002) A new species of Manoa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Everglades National Park. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 21, 314 - 325." type="journal article" year="2002">Jacobsen & Perry (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705310B3ABD41DF52" box="[619,835,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705310B3ABD41DF52" box="[619,835,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704150B3BBD96DF53" bold="true" box="[847,916,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704150B3BBD96DF53" box="[847,916,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: frontal tubercles absent; AR 1.13–1.33; wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703F60B18BB54DFB1" box="[1196,1366,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4649999999999999" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.43" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.4649999999999999" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.43">1.43–1.50 mm</quantity>
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||
; wing vein R with 6–8 setae, R1 with 1–3 setae, squama with 1–3 setae; antepronotum with two lateral setae; LR1 0.96– 0.98; pars ventralis and digitus present. The female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705A90BCBBDC5DFE5" box="[755,967,444,467]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705A90BCBBDC5DFE5" box="[755,967,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704970BCDBA0EDFE5" bold="true" box="[973,1036,442,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704970BCDBA0EDFE5" box="[973,1036,442,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: frontal tubercles absent; wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD704BF0BA9BA8EDFC1" box="[997,1164,478,503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.665" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.665" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.58">1.58–1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
; R with 10–12 setae, R1 with 4 setae, R4+5 with 11–12 setae; costal extension with 2–3 non-marginal setae; squama with 2 setae; LR1 0.90– 0.93.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF7FFD0079D0827BC29D944" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0827BCD5DC87" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0827BFE6DC5F" bold="true" box="[199,484,592,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Description. Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 4, unless otherwise stated). Total length 2.67–3.08,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703060826BAC1DC5E" box="[1116,1219,593,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="2.91">2.91 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing length 1.43– 1.50,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD7078C0802BF3FDCBA" box="[214,317,629,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.49">1.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Total length/wing length 1.80–2.00, 1.92. Wing length/length of profemur 1.84–2.08, 1.97.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD707CD08EFBF11DC87" box="[151,275,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7067A08EFBF65DC87" box="[288,359,664,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,981,1003]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, lateral view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7062F08EEBFA1DC87" box="[373,419,665,689]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,249,1939,1961]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body pale apricot yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D08CBBB58DD77" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D08CBBF06DCE3" box="[199,260,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7064908CBBF54DCE3" box="[275,342,700,725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a, b). Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; AR 1.13–1.33, 1.25. Temporal setae 12–16, 14, including 4 inner verticals, 7–12, 9 outer verticals, and 0–2, 1 postorbitals. Clypeus with 5–12, 9 setae. Tentorium
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD702690896BEF6DD2A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.913399999999998" metricValueMax="13.8135" metricValueMin="0.0133" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="69134.0" valueMax="138135.0" valueMin="133.0">133–138, 135 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; 13–20, 17 mm wide. Palpomere lengths (in mm): 28–35, 32; 25–49, 38; 70–78, 75; 83–95, 90; 108– 138, 123. Palpomere ratio (5th/3rd) 1.54–1.77, 1.62. Third palpomere with 2–3, 3 lanceolate sensilla clavata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D093ABA91DD99" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D093ABF03DD52" box="[199,257,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7064E093BBF59DD53" box="[276,347,844,869]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
c). VR 1.09–1.32, 1.21. Anal lobe reduced. Membrane microtrichia distinctly visible at 100x magnification. Brachiolum with 2–3, 2 setae; R with 6–8, 7 setae; R1 with 1–3, 2 setae; costal extension 40–60, 50 mm long; with 0–1, 0 non-marginal setae; remaining veins bare. Squama with 1–3, 2 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D09CCBD17DDC1" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D09CCBF1ADDE2" box="[199,280,955,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7067009CCBF72DDE2" box="[298,368,955,980]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Antepronotum with 2 lateral setae. Acrostichals 9–10, 9; dorsocentrals 7–14, 11 in single row; prealars 2–3, 3; supraalar 1. Scutellum with 6 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0E73BA76DA55" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0E73BEFEDA2D" box="[199,252,1028,1051]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706560E74BF4EDA2A" box="[268,332,1027,1052]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
d–f). Spur of fore tibia 38–48, 42 mm long; spurs of mid tibia 33–50, 42 and 32–48, 39 mm long; of hind tibia 50–58, 54 and 45–54, 49 mm long. Apical width of fore tibia 38–48, 40 mm; of mid tibia 38–43, 40 mm; of hind tibia 41–50, 46 mm. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CFB6EDFFF7FFD703400E3CBA6CDA55" box="[1050,1134,1099,1124]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1171,1194]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., male (n = 4)." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF7FFD707CD0EE4BA8ADA9C" box="[151,1160,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707CD0EE4BA8ADA9C" blockId="2.[151,1160,1171,1194]" box="[151,1160,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD707CD0EE4BF05DA9C" bold="true" box="[151,263,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705BE0EE4BDACDA9C" box="[740,942,1171,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705BE0EE4BDACDA9C" box="[740,942,1171,1194]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704EE0EE4BDF2DA9C" bold="true" box="[948,1008,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704EE0EE4BDF2DA9C" box="[948,1008,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male (n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707B50EB2BAECDAE9" blockId="2.[163,1376,1221,1422]" box="[239,1262,1221,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707F90E85BAB5DBBD" blockId="2.[163,1376,1221,1422]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p1 710–850, 770 680–800, 723 650–780, 695 300–360, 325 240–280, 258 160–200, 180 p2 740–850, 795 680–800, 725 330–450, 378 160–200, 175 120–150, 133 90–100, 95 p3 810–900, 853 750–810, 775 480–540, 503 230–270, 248 190–200, 195 110–140, 125 ta5 LR BV SV BR</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707F90FDABB31D819" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<table id="F94D71F6FFF7002A07F90FDBBB31D805" box="[163,1331,1452,1587]" gridcols="6" gridrows="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90FDBBB31DBF3" box="[163,1331,1452,1477]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90FDBBEB4DBF3" box="[163,182,1452,1477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p1</th>
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30FDBBF69DBF3" box="[249,363,1452,1477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">90–100, 98</th>
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900FDBBC6ADBF3" box="[458,616,1452,1477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.96–0.98, 0.96</th>
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0FDBBD51DBF3" box="[693,851,1452,1477]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.52–2.59, 2.54</th>
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0FDBBA46DBF3" box="[934,1092,1452,1477]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.11–2.19, 2.15</th>
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0FDBBB31DBF3" box="[1173,1331,1452,1477]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">1.33–2.50, 1.96</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90F95BB31DBCA" box="[163,1331,1506,1532]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90F95BEB4DBCA" box="[163,182,1506,1532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p2</th>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30F95BF69DBCA" box="[249,363,1506,1532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">60–70, 68</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900F95BC6ADBCA" box="[458,616,1506,1532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.48–0.56, 0.52</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0F95BD51DBCA" box="[693,851,1506,1532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.93–4.16, 4.04</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0F95BA46DBCA" box="[934,1092,1506,1532]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.67–4.42, 4.06</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0F95BB31DBCA" box="[1173,1331,1506,1532]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.00–2.67, 2.25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90C6EBB31D805" box="[163,1331,1561,1587]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90C6EBEB4D805" box="[163,182,1561,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p3</th>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30C6EBF69D805" box="[249,363,1561,1587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">80–100, 93</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900C6EBC6AD805" box="[458,616,1561,1587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.63–0.67, 0.65</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0C6EBD51D805" box="[693,851,1561,1587]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.17–3.29, 3.23</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0C6EBA46D805" box="[934,1092,1561,1587]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.17–3.29, 3.24</td>
|
||
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0C6EBB31D805" box="[1173,1331,1561,1587]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">1.92–3.33, 2.46</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0C09BD82D958" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0C09BF54D8A3" box="[199,342,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706300C0ABFB2D8A0" box="[362,432,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
b-d). Laterosternite IX with 2–4, 3 setae. Tergite IX with 36–44, 39 setae; anal point absent. Transverse sternapodeme 25–40, 35 mm long, 13–25, 18 mm wide; phallapodeme
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703C10CD6BB5ED88F" box="[1179,1372,1697,1722]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6593" metricValueMax="11.3101" metricValueMin="0.008499999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="56593.0" valueMax="113101.0" valueMin="85.0">85–113, 101 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Gonocoxite
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD7067B0CB2BFECD8EB" box="[289,494,1733,1758]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.16485" metricValueMax="16.315199999999997" metricValueMin="0.014499999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="81648.5" valueMax="163152.0" valueMin="145.0">145–163, 152 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; with triangular pars ventralis. Superior volsella 63–75, 70 mm long; 7–13, 10 mm wide; dorsal surface with basal microtrichia and 2–3, 2 setae; ventral surface with numerous long microtrichia and 2 apical setae. Digitus 15–30, 19 mm long; with pointed apex. Inferior volsella pediform, 50–58, 53 mm long; with 9–14, 13 long setae. Median volsella vestigial; with 2–3, 2 apical setae. Gonostylus straight;
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703840D46BB9FD97F" box="[1246,1437,1841,1866]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.40995" metricValueMax="10.8104" metricValueMin="0.0095" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="54099.5" valueMax="108104.0" valueMin="95.0">95–108, 104 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; with pointed apex. HR 1.34–1.58, 1.47; HV 2.46–2.86, 2.67.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0D0EBDE3D980" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0D0EBF61D9A4" bold="true" box="[199,355,1913,1938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 2, unless otherwise stated). Total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD704310D0EBA10D9A7" box="[875,1042,1913,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="2.92" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="2.985" valueMax="3.05" valueMin="2.92">2.92–3.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703EA0D0EBB55D9A7" box="[1200,1367,1913,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.665" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.665" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.58">1.58–1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Total length/wing length 1.67–1.94. Wing length/length of fore femur 2.06–2.31.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0DB6BC49D9EC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" box="[199,587,1985,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0DB6BF48D9EC" box="[199,330,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
As in male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706820DB6BC22D9EC" box="[472,544,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD705770DB5BC3CD9EC" box="[557,574,1986,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF6FFD607CD09A2BD15DDDD" box="[151,791,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF6FFD607CD09A2BD15DDDD" blockId="3.[151,791,981,1003]" box="[151,791,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD607CD09A2BF10DDDC" bold="true" box="[151,274,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF6FFD6064209A1BFDADDDD" box="[280,472,982,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD6064209A1BFDADDDD" box="[280,472,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD6068509A1BC1CDDDD" bold="true" box="[479,542,982,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF6FFD6068509A1BC1ADDDD" box="[479,536,982,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF6FFD607CD0DE4BD14D99F" box="[151,790,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF6FFD607CD0DE4BD14D99F" blockId="3.[151,790,1939,1961]" box="[151,790,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD607CD0DE4BF10D99E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF6FFD606420DE3BFDAD99F" box="[280,472,1940,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD606420DE3BFDAD99F" box="[280,472,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD606850DE4BC1CD99E" bold="true" box="[479,542,1939,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF6FFD606850DE4BC1AD99E" box="[479,536,1939,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF1FFD107CD0E89BD28DB22" box="[151,810,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD107CD0E89BD28DB22" blockId="4.[151,810,1278,1300]" box="[151,810,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD107CD0E89BF10DB25" bold="true" box="[151,274,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF1FFD106420E88BFDADB22" box="[280,472,1279,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD106420E88BFDADB22" box="[280,472,1279,1300]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD106850E88BC1CDB22" bold="true" box="[479,542,1279,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF1FFD106850E88BC1ADB22" box="[479,536,1279,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult female, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0F36BFC3DBDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0F36BF06DB6C" box="[199,260,1345,1370]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD106480F36BF57DB6F" box="[274,341,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a, b). Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1055A0F36BC43DB6F" box="[512,577,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a) with 6 flagellomeres; AR 0.30–0.32; flagellomere lengths (in mm): 75–88, 65–68, 68–70, 65 (2), 55 (2), 100–110. Temporal setae 15–16, including 3–4 inner verticals, 6–11 outer verticals and 2–5 postorbitals. Clypeus with 10–13 setae. Tentorium
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1046D0FFEBDBCDB97" box="[823,958,1417,1442]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="115.0" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="95.0">95–135 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1035C0FFEBA82DB97" box="[1030,1152,1417,1441]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="18.0">18–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Palpomere lengths (in mm): 33–40, 45–50, 70–78, 88–90, 150 (1). Palpomere ratio (5th/3rd) 1.92 (1). Third palpomere with 2–3 lanceolate sensilla clavata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0F8EBD10D86C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0F8EBF0AD826" box="[199,264,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Wing.</emphasis>
|
||
VR 1.20–1.23. Anal lobe reduced. Membrane microtrichia distinctly visible at 100x magnification. Brachiolum with 2 setae; R with 10–12 setae; R1 with 4 setae; R4+5 with 11–12 setae; costal extension
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD102780C6BBB9ED802" box="[1314,1436,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="45.0">45–65 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with 2–3 non-marginal setae. Squama with 2 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0C11BCA0D894" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0C11BF1AD849" box="[199,280,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD106760C11BF71D849" box="[300,371,1638,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
c). Antepronotum with 2 lateral setae. Acrostichals 7–9; dorsocentrals
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD103E20C11BB13D849" box="[1208,1297,1638,1663]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.159" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="in" value="8.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="6.0">6–11 in</quantity>
|
||
single row, prealars 3, supraalar 1. Scutellum with 6 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0CD8BC73D939" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0CD8BF01D8F0" box="[199,259,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Spur of fore tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1068B0CD8BC4BD8F0" box="[465,585,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">38–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, spurs of mid tibia 38–43 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104820CD8BA53D8F0" box="[984,1105,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="33.0">33–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, of hind tibia 39–50 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD107CD0CA5BF0DD8DC" box="[151,271,1746,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="40.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="36.0">36–45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Apical width of fore tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1052C0CA4BCF2D8DC" box="[630,752,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">38–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
, of mid tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104D90CA4BDFCD8DC" box="[899,1022,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="41.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="40.0">40–43 mm</quantity>
|
||
, of hind tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD103CD0CA4BB11D8DC" box="[1175,1299,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="43.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="38.0">38–48 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CFB6EDFFF1FFD105420C81BC6CD939" box="[536,622,1782,1807]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1250,1273]" captionText="TABLE 2. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., female (n = 2)." pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0D6DBA4FD961" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0D6DBF3AD905" box="[199,312,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Numbers of setae on tergites I–VIII: 14–20, 18–28, 18–34, 22–38, 28–30, 24–30, 18–38, 6–20. Numbers of setae on sternites I–VIII: 6–8, 4–7, 12–16, 21–30, 22–31, 24–38, 32–40.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0D15BAAAD9E9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0D15BF33D94D" box="[199,305,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1061B0D15BF87D94D" box="[321,389,1890,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
d, e). Sternite VIII divided, with
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105A60D15BD75D94C" box="[764,887,1890,1915]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="50.0">50–55 mm</quantity>
|
||
long notched floor (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1033B0D15BAA6D94D" box="[1121,1188,1890,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
e) under vagina; floor with approximately 32–44 setae. Tergite IX with 22 setae; gonocoxite IX with 1–2 setae. Cercus
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1038C0DF3BB5FD9AA" box="[1238,1373,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="89.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="78.0">78–100 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with 42–48 setae. Seminal capsules
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105630DD2BCB7D98B" box="[569,693,1957,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="66.5" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="65.0">65–68 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, including
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1042E0DD1BDEDD98B" box="[884,1007,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">13–18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, collar-shaped neck,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1027B0DD1BB9FD98B" box="[1313,1437,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">38–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Spermathecal ducts curved. Notum
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105360DB1BCE7D9E8" box="[620,741,1990,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="81.5" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="75.0">75–88 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Dorsomesal lobe
|
||
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104B50DB0BA6AD9E8" box="[1007,1128,1991,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="72.0" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="71.0">71–73 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF0FFD007CD0ED2BD28DA8C" box="[151,810,1188,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007CD0ED2BD28DA8C" blockId="5.[151,810,1188,1211]" box="[151,810,1188,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD007CD0ED2BF10DA8C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1189,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD006420ED2BFDADA8C" box="[280,472,1189,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD006420ED2BFDADA8C" box="[280,472,1189,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD006850ED2BC1CDA8C" bold="true" box="[479,542,1189,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD006850ED2BC1ADA8C" box="[479,536,1189,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult female, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF0FFD007CD0E95BA9EDACF" box="[151,1180,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007CD0E95BA9EDACF" blockId="5.[151,1180,1250,1273]" box="[151,1180,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD007CD0E95BF05DACF" bold="true" box="[151,263,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD005BE0E95BDACDACF" box="[740,942,1250,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005BE0E95BDACDACF" box="[740,942,1250,1273]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004EE0E95BDF2DACF" bold="true" box="[948,1008,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD004EE0E95BDF2DACF" box="[948,1008,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, female (n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007B00F63BAF0DB18" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" box="[234,1266,1300,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007C60F36BB33DB98" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">p1 680–850 690–750 640–690 290–310 220–250 140–170 p2 780–850 710–770 350–400 150–160 110–130 80–90 p3 880–950 780–830 480–520 230–250 200 (2) 100–130</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007AE0FB2BAB9DBEC" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" box="[244,1211,1476,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">ta5 LR BV SV BR</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007C60F86BC10D88B" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
p1 90–120 0.92–0.93 2.71–2.76 2.14–2.32 2.00–3.00 p2 60–80 0.49–0.52 4.28–4.70 4.05–4.26 1.77–2.22 p3 80–90 0.62–0.63 3.43–3.51 3.42–3.46 1.80–2.00
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0CD3BF97D88B" bold="true" box="[199,405,1700,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD0079D0CBEBC29D944" blockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0CBEBFE8D8D4" bold="true" box="[199,490,1737,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">DNA barcoding analysis</emphasis>
|
||
. The neighbor joining tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF0FFD0047F0CBEBD6AD8D7" box="[805,872,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,184,1170]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,153,1185]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Neighbor joining Kimura 2 parameter tree based on available Pseudochironomini DNA barcodes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291314/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) based on available DNA barcodes unequivocally associates the adult males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD005240C99BD26D933" box="[638,804,1774,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005240C99BC97D933" box="[638,661,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005FC0C99BD26D933" box="[678,804,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004740C9ABD72D930" bold="true" box="[814,880,1773,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD004740C9ABD72D930" box="[814,880,1773,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and supports differentiation of the new species from the other barcoded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD006EB0D66BC8DD91C" box="[433,655,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pseudochironomini">Pseudochironomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, we found two distinct clades of under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD002110D66BFB6D97B" authority="Kieffer, 1917" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Riethia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stictoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD002110D66BF0DD97B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Riethia stictoptera</emphasis>
|
||
Kieffer, 1917
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the maximum intraspecific genetic distance 18.1%, which suggests at least one misidentification in the BOLD data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF0FFD0079D0D0ABC86D9E8" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD0079D0D0ABC86D9E8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0D0ABFB5D9A0" bold="true" box="[199,439,1917,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Biology and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. The new species was collected using a sweep-net close to a small mountain stream in Kuocangshan Nature Reserve in subtropical
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AC3C6FFF0FFD005C80DD6BCDBD98C" box="[658,729,1953,1978]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD004250DD5BA21D98F" box="[895,1059,1954,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004250DD5BD94D98F" box="[895,918,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004FF0DD5BA21D98F" box="[933,1059,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">xianjuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD003760DD6BA6FD98C" bold="true" box="[1068,1133,1953,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD003760DD6BA6FD98C" box="[1068,1133,1953,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
during the rainy season in late May, when the temperature is 15–20°C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |