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<document id="4E14E321448B01208885E41335EF8BD1" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4231.3.6SLASH10137" ID-CLB-Dataset="36564" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4231.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c386ebd8-2e9a-479d-85c7-6120f61610bc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="291310" ID-ZooBank="30C80B66-2126-4F13-97EA-AD9175DE1B22" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1486975458539" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Qi, Xin, Wang, Xin-Hua, Andersen, Trond &amp; Lin, Xiao-Long" docDate="2017" docId="03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4231.3.6SLASH10137.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4231 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Manoa xianjuensis Qi &amp; Lin, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="403" masterDocId="FFDD4A38FFF5FFD5075A0A77BE02DE36" masterDocTitle="A new species of Manoa Fittkau (Diptera: Chironomidae), with DNA barcodes from Xianju National Park, Oriental China" masterLastPageNumber="408" masterPageNumber="398" pageNumber="399" updateTime="1698436840135" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F6AAF4079D88274EC5D269C4B2112099">A new species of Manoa Fittkau (Diptera: Chironomidae), with DNA barcodes from Xianju National Park, Oriental China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96BAA1D67636440B80CBD8E7FCCE7F57">Qi, Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68828D6245D3AC9196F566CF5C33E4F2">Wang, Xin-Hua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="171663EF644DDEB0C1DF27F9933E3509">Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D05C38F37E11B63DC33B73BC89D2E3FC">Lin, Xiao-Long</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6007223" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127694929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6007223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
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<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" blockId="1.[151,578,1883,1943]" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
<heading id="D0BA343AFFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" bold="true" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBC40D940" bold="true" box="[151,578,1883,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBFFAD940" ID-CoL="9HJGP" authority="Qi &amp; Lin" authorityName="Qi &amp; Lin" box="[151,504,1883,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D2CBF7DD943" bold="true" box="[151,383,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
Qi &amp; Lin
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF4FFD406A50D2BBC40D940" box="[511,578,1884,1910]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0D09BEA2D9A1" bold="true" box="[151,160,1918,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">(</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF4FFD407FA0D09BF00D9A1" box="[160,258,1918,1943]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,249,981,1003]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,249,1939,1961]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionStartId-5="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionStartId-6="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetBox-5="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetBox-6="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId-4="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId-5="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetId-6="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionTargetPageId-5="7" captionTargetPageId-6="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Figs 17</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF4FFD707CD0DB1BD39DECE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF4FFD707CD0DB1BD39DECE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1990,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
<materialsCitation id="3B25890BFFF4FFD707CD0DB1BFDDDEE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1434499443" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="BOLD" collectorName="X. Qi" country="China" county="Taizhou" elevation="190" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="400" latitude="28.63267" location="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF4FFD407CD0DB1BF46D9E9" bold="true" box="[151,324,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">
<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF4FFD407CD0DB1BED0D9E9" box="[151,210,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF4FFD406100DB1BFB0D9E9" box="[330,434,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(deposited in BDN): male (
<collectionCode id="ED5C1B93FFF4FFD405BD0DB0BD37D9E9" box="[743,821,1991,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">BOLD</collectionCode>
sample ID: XJ17),
<collectingCountry id="F35AC3C6FFF4FFD4034A0DB1BA54D9E9" box="[1040,1110,1990,2015]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49894DB4FFF4FFD4033A0DB1BB32D9E9" box="[1120,1328,1990,2015]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Zhejiang Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="6293FBDAFFF4FFD402610DB1BB9AD9E9" box="[1339,1432,1990,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="399">Taizhou</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96192CFFF7FFD707CD0AE0BEE4DE86" box="[151,230,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Xianju</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E92D58DFFF7FFD707A60AE0BC62DE99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8:8E92D58DFFF7FFD707A60AE0BC62DE99" box="[252,608,151,176]" country="China" county="Taizhou" latitude="28.63267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" name="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province">Kuocangshan Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="8E92D58DFFF7FFD7052C0AE0BCF5DE86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E43240FFF4FFD007CD0D2CBC86D9E8:8E92D58DFFF7FFD7052C0AE0BCF5DE86" box="[630,759,151,176]" country="China" county="Taizhou" latitude="28.63267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" name="Yukengcun" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province">Yukengcun</location>
, near stream,
<geoCoordinate id="EE79E591FFF7FFD704E80AE0BA3FDE86" box="[946,1085,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" precision="1" value="28.63267">28.63267°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE79E591FFF7FFD703090AE0BAEBDE86" box="[1107,1257,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" precision="1" value="120.57606">120.57606°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="00606465FFF7FFD703A40AEFBB95DE86" box="[1278,1431,151,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="190.0">
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703A40AEFBB52DE99" box="[1278,1360,152,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
,
<date id="FFF3A596FFF7FFD707CD0ACBBF0EDEE3" box="[151,268,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" value="2016-05-24">
<collectingDate id="EFB75C7EFFF7FFD707CD0ACBBF0EDEE3" box="[151,268,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" value="2016-05-24">24.V.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="520CFB41FFF7FFD706430ACABF8FDEE2" box="[281,397,189,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">sweep net</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="26B8E680FFF7FFD706C00ACABFDDDEE3" box="[410,479,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">X. Qi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. Paratypes: 11 males, (BDN no. XJ1825, XJ33, XJ36, XJ37),
<materialsCitation id="3B25890BFFF7FFD703EC0ACBBD3ADECE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1434499444" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="X. Qi" country="China" county="Taizhou" elevation="190" latitude="28.63267" location="Kuocangshan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.57606" municipality="Xianju" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D4B48DFFFF7FFD703EC0ACBBB26DEE3" box="[1206,1316,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5C1B93FFF7FFD7026F0ACBBB72DEE2" box="[1333,1392,188,212]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">ZSM</collectionCode>
no. XJ34, XJ35; BDN no. XJ16), sampling data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF7FFD7079D0B73BECDDC73" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0B73BB8EDF2B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" box="[199,1420,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0B73BF4CDF2B" bold="true" box="[199,334,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the
<typeStatus id="54F63DF4FFF7FFD7054A0B72BC42DF2B" box="[528,576,261,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">type</typeStatus>
locality. The species epithet is adjectival for the purposes of nomenclature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0B50BECDDC73" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0B50BFD2DF76" bold="true" box="[199,464,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
The new species conforms to the genus descriptions in Andersen &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCFEA7FFF7FFD703940B50BB6FDF76" box="[1230,1389,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" refString="Saether, O. A. (1977) Female genitalia in Chironomidae and other Nematocera: morphology, phylogenies, keys. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 197, 1 - 204." type="journal article">Saether (1977)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCFEA7FFF7FFD707CD0B3BBFBDDF52" author="Jacobsen" box="[151,447,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" refString="Jacobsen, R. E. &amp; Perry, S. A. (2002) A new species of Manoa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Everglades National Park. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 21, 314 - 325." type="journal article" year="2002">Jacobsen &amp; Perry (2002)</bibRefCitation>
. The male of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705310B3ABD41DF52" box="[619,835,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705310B3ABD41DF52" box="[619,835,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704150B3BBD96DF53" bold="true" box="[847,916,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704150B3BBD96DF53" box="[847,916,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: frontal tubercles absent; AR 1.131.33; wing length
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703F60B18BB54DFB1" box="[1196,1366,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4649999999999999" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.43" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.4649999999999999" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.43">1.431.50 mm</quantity>
; wing vein R with 68 setae, R1 with 13 setae, squama with 13 setae; antepronotum with two lateral setae; LR1 0.96 0.98; pars ventralis and digitus present. The female of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705A90BCBBDC5DFE5" box="[755,967,444,467]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705A90BCBBDC5DFE5" box="[755,967,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704970BCDBA0EDFE5" bold="true" box="[973,1036,442,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704970BCDBA0EDFE5" box="[973,1036,442,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: frontal tubercles absent; wing length
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD704BF0BA9BA8EDFC1" box="[997,1164,478,503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.665" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.665" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.58">1.581.75 mm</quantity>
; R with 1012 setae, R1 with 4 setae, R4+5 with 1112 setae; costal extension with 23 non-marginal setae; squama with 2 setae; LR1 0.90 0.93.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF7FFD0079D0827BC29D944" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0827BCD5DC87" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0827BFE6DC5F" bold="true" box="[199,484,592,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Description. Adult male</emphasis>
(n = 4, unless otherwise stated). Total length 2.673.08,
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703060826BAC1DC5E" box="[1116,1219,593,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="2.91">2.91 mm</quantity>
. Wing length 1.43 1.50,
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. Total length/wing length 1.802.00, 1.92. Wing length/length of profemur 1.842.08, 1.97.
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD707CD08EFBF11DC87" box="[151,275,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Coloration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7067A08EFBF65DC87" box="[288,359,664,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,981,1003]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, lateral view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7062F08EEBFA1DC87" box="[373,419,665,689]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,249,1939,1961]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult male, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">24</figureCitation>
). Body pale apricot yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D08CBBB58DD77" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D08CBBF06DCE3" box="[199,260,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7064908CBBF54DCE3" box="[275,342,700,725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a, b). Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; AR 1.131.33, 1.25. Temporal setae 1216, 14, including 4 inner verticals, 712, 9 outer verticals, and 02, 1 postorbitals. Clypeus with 512, 9 setae. Tentorium
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD702690896BEF6DD2A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.913399999999998" metricValueMax="13.8135" metricValueMin="0.0133" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="69134.0" valueMax="138135.0" valueMin="133.0">133138, 135 mm</quantity>
long; 1320, 17 mm wide. Palpomere lengths (in mm): 2835, 32; 2549, 38; 7078, 75; 8395, 90; 108 138, 123. Palpomere ratio (5th/3rd) 1.541.77, 1.62. Third palpomere with 23, 3 lanceolate sensilla clavata.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D093ABA91DD99" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D093ABF03DD52" box="[199,257,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7064E093BBF59DD53" box="[276,347,844,869]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
c). VR 1.091.32, 1.21. Anal lobe reduced. Membrane microtrichia distinctly visible at 100x magnification. Brachiolum with 23, 2 setae; R with 68, 7 setae; R1 with 13, 2 setae; costal extension 4060, 50 mm long; with 01, 0 non-marginal setae; remaining veins bare. Squama with 13, 2 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D09CCBD17DDC1" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D09CCBF1ADDE2" box="[199,280,955,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD7067009CCBF72DDE2" box="[298,368,955,980]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
a). Antepronotum with 2 lateral setae. Acrostichals 910, 9; dorsocentrals 714, 11 in single row; prealars 23, 3; supraalar 1. Scutellum with 6 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0E73BA76DA55" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0E73BEFEDA2D" box="[199,252,1028,1051]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706560E74BF4EDA2A" box="[268,332,1027,1052]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1874]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) antenna, scale bar = 200 µm; b) head, scale bar = 100 µm; c) wing, scale bar = 100 µm; d) apex of front tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; e) apex of mid tibia, scale bar = 50 µm; f) apex of hind tibia, scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
df). Spur of fore tibia 3848, 42 mm long; spurs of mid tibia 3350, 42 and 3248, 39 mm long; of hind tibia 5058, 54 and 4554, 49 mm long. Apical width of fore tibia 3848, 40 mm; of mid tibia 3843, 40 mm; of hind tibia 4150, 46 mm. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs as in
<tableCitation id="C6CFB6EDFFF7FFD703400E3CBA6CDA55" box="[1050,1134,1099,1124]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1171,1194]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., male (n = 4)." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF7FFD707CD0EE4BA8ADA9C" box="[151,1160,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707CD0EE4BA8ADA9C" blockId="2.[151,1160,1171,1194]" box="[151,1160,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD707CD0EE4BF05DA9C" bold="true" box="[151,263,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF7FFD705BE0EE4BDACDA9C" box="[740,942,1171,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD705BE0EE4BDACDA9C" box="[740,942,1171,1194]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD704EE0EE4BDF2DA9C" bold="true" box="[948,1008,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF7FFD704EE0EE4BDF2DA9C" box="[948,1008,1171,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male (n = 4).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707B50EB2BAECDAE9" blockId="2.[163,1376,1221,1422]" box="[239,1262,1221,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707F90E85BAB5DBBD" blockId="2.[163,1376,1221,1422]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p1 710850, 770 680800, 723 650780, 695 300360, 325 240280, 258 160200, 180 p2 740850, 795 680800, 725 330450, 378 160200, 175 120150, 133 90100, 95 p3 810900, 853 750810, 775 480540, 503 230270, 248 190200, 195 110140, 125 ta5 LR BV SV BR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD707F90FDABB31D819" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<table id="F94D71F6FFF7002A07F90FDBBB31D805" box="[163,1331,1452,1587]" gridcols="6" gridrows="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90FDBBB31DBF3" box="[163,1331,1452,1477]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90FDBBEB4DBF3" box="[163,182,1452,1477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p1</th>
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30FDBBF69DBF3" box="[249,363,1452,1477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">90100, 98</th>
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900FDBBC6ADBF3" box="[458,616,1452,1477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.960.98, 0.96</th>
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0FDBBD51DBF3" box="[693,851,1452,1477]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.522.59, 2.54</th>
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0FDBBA46DBF3" box="[934,1092,1452,1477]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.112.19, 2.15</th>
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0FDBBB31DBF3" box="[1173,1331,1452,1477]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">1.332.50, 1.96</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90F95BB31DBCA" box="[163,1331,1506,1532]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90F95BEB4DBCA" box="[163,182,1506,1532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p2</th>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30F95BF69DBCA" box="[249,363,1506,1532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">6070, 68</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900F95BC6ADBCA" box="[458,616,1506,1532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.480.56, 0.52</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0F95BD51DBCA" box="[693,851,1506,1532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.934.16, 4.04</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0F95BA46DBCA" box="[934,1092,1506,1532]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.674.42, 4.06</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0F95BB31DBCA" box="[1173,1331,1506,1532]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">2.002.67, 2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357D8114FFF7002A07F90C6EBB31D805" box="[163,1331,1561,1587]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<th id="76ACE868FFF7002A07F90C6EBEB4D805" box="[163,182,1561,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">p3</th>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A07A30C6EBF69D805" box="[249,363,1561,1587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">80100, 93</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A06900C6EBC6AD805" box="[458,616,1561,1587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">0.630.67, 0.65</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A05EF0C6EBD51D805" box="[693,851,1561,1587]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.173.29, 3.23</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A04FC0C6EBA46D805" box="[934,1092,1561,1587]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">3.173.29, 3.24</td>
<td id="76ACE868FFF7002A03CF0C6EBB31D805" box="[1173,1331,1561,1587]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">1.923.33, 2.46</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0C09BD82D958" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0C09BF54D8A3" box="[199,342,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706300C0ABFB2D8A0" box="[362,432,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1501,1523]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,196,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[166,1420,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., holotype male: a) thorax; b) hypopygium dorsal view; c) hypopygium ventral view; d) drawing of hypopygium. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291312/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
b-d). Laterosternite IX with 24, 3 setae. Tergite IX with 3644, 39 setae; anal point absent. Transverse sternapodeme 2540, 35 mm long, 1325, 18 mm wide; phallapodeme
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703C10CD6BB5ED88F" box="[1179,1372,1697,1722]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6593" metricValueMax="11.3101" metricValueMin="0.008499999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="56593.0" valueMax="113101.0" valueMin="85.0">85113, 101 mm</quantity>
long. Gonocoxite
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD7067B0CB2BFECD8EB" box="[289,494,1733,1758]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.16485" metricValueMax="16.315199999999997" metricValueMin="0.014499999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="81648.5" valueMax="163152.0" valueMin="145.0">145163, 152 mm</quantity>
long; with triangular pars ventralis. Superior volsella 6375, 70 mm long; 713, 10 mm wide; dorsal surface with basal microtrichia and 23, 2 setae; ventral surface with numerous long microtrichia and 2 apical setae. Digitus 1530, 19 mm long; with pointed apex. Inferior volsella pediform, 5058, 53 mm long; with 914, 13 long setae. Median volsella vestigial; with 23, 2 apical setae. Gonostylus straight;
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703840D46BB9FD97F" box="[1246,1437,1841,1866]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.40995" metricValueMax="10.8104" metricValueMin="0.0095" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="54099.5" valueMax="108104.0" valueMin="95.0">95108, 104 mm</quantity>
long; with pointed apex. HR 1.341.58, 1.47; HV 2.462.86, 2.67.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0D0EBDE3D980" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0D0EBF61D9A4" bold="true" box="[199,355,1913,1938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Adult female</emphasis>
(n = 2, unless otherwise stated). Total length
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD704310D0EBA10D9A7" box="[875,1042,1913,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="2.92" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="2.985" valueMax="3.05" valueMin="2.92">2.923.05 mm</quantity>
. Wing length
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF7FFD703EA0D0EBB55D9A7" box="[1200,1367,1913,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.665" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="2" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="1.665" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.58">1.581.75 mm</quantity>
. Total length/wing length 1.671.94. Wing length/length of fore femur 2.062.31.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF7FFD7079D0DB6BC49D9EC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1661,2010]" box="[199,587,1985,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF7FFD7079D0DB6BF48D9EC" box="[199,330,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Coloration.</emphasis>
As in male (
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD706820DB6BC22D9EC" box="[472,544,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1278,1300]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF7FFD705770DB5BC3CD9EC" box="[557,574,1986,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., adult female, dorsal view." pageId="2" pageNumber="400">4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF6FFD607CD09A2BD15DDDD" box="[151,791,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF6FFD607CD09A2BD15DDDD" blockId="3.[151,791,981,1003]" box="[151,791,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD607CD09A2BF10DDDC" bold="true" box="[151,274,981,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF6FFD6064209A1BFDADDDD" box="[280,472,982,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD6064209A1BFDADDDD" box="[280,472,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD6068509A1BC1CDDDD" bold="true" box="[479,542,982,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF6FFD6068509A1BC1ADDDD" box="[479,536,982,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
adult male, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF6FFD607CD0DE4BD14D99F" box="[151,790,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF6FFD607CD0DE4BD14D99F" blockId="3.[151,790,1939,1961]" box="[151,790,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD607CD0DE4BF10D99E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF6FFD606420DE3BFDAD99F" box="[280,472,1940,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD606420DE3BFDAD99F" box="[280,472,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF6FFD606850DE4BC1CD99E" bold="true" box="[479,542,1939,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF6FFD606850DE4BC1AD99E" box="[479,536,1939,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="401" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
adult male, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF1FFD107CD0E89BD28DB22" box="[151,810,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD107CD0E89BD28DB22" blockId="4.[151,810,1278,1300]" box="[151,810,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD107CD0E89BF10DB25" bold="true" box="[151,274,1278,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF1FFD106420E88BFDADB22" box="[280,472,1279,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD106420E88BFDADB22" box="[280,472,1279,1300]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD106850E88BC1CDB22" bold="true" box="[479,542,1279,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF1FFD106850E88BC1ADB22" box="[479,536,1279,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
adult female, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0F36BFC3DBDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0F36BF06DB6C" box="[199,260,1345,1370]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD106480F36BF57DB6F" box="[274,341,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
a, b). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1055A0F36BC43DB6F" box="[512,577,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
a) with 6 flagellomeres; AR 0.300.32; flagellomere lengths (in mm): 7588, 6568, 6870, 65 (2), 55 (2), 100110. Temporal setae 1516, including 34 inner verticals, 611 outer verticals and 25 postorbitals. Clypeus with 1013 setae. Tentorium
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1046D0FFEBDBCDB97" box="[823,958,1417,1442]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="115.0" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="95.0">95135 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1035C0FFEBA82DB97" box="[1030,1152,1417,1441]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="18.0">1819 mm</quantity>
wide. Palpomere lengths (in mm): 3340, 4550, 7078, 8890, 150 (1). Palpomere ratio (5th/3rd) 1.92 (1). Third palpomere with 23 lanceolate sensilla clavata.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0F8EBD10D86C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0F8EBF0AD826" box="[199,264,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Wing.</emphasis>
VR 1.201.23. Anal lobe reduced. Membrane microtrichia distinctly visible at 100x magnification. Brachiolum with 2 setae; R with 1012 setae; R1 with 4 setae; R4+5 with 1112 setae; costal extension
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD102780C6BBB9ED802" box="[1314,1436,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="45.0">4565 mm</quantity>
long, with 23 non-marginal setae. Squama with 2 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0C11BCA0D894" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0C11BF1AD849" box="[199,280,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD106760C11BF71D849" box="[300,371,1638,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
c). Antepronotum with 2 lateral setae. Acrostichals 79; dorsocentrals
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD103E20C11BB13D849" box="[1208,1297,1638,1663]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.159" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="in" value="8.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="6.0">611 in</quantity>
single row, prealars 3, supraalar 1. Scutellum with 6 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0CD8BC73D939" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0CD8BF01D8F0" box="[199,259,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Legs.</emphasis>
Spur of fore tibia
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1068B0CD8BC4BD8F0" box="[465,585,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">3840 mm</quantity>
long, spurs of mid tibia 3843 and
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104820CD8BA53D8F0" box="[984,1105,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="33.0">3340 mm</quantity>
long, of hind tibia 3950 and
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD107CD0CA5BF0DD8DC" box="[151,271,1746,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="40.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="36.0">3645 mm</quantity>
long. Apical width of fore tibia
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1052C0CA4BCF2D8DC" box="[630,752,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">3840 mm</quantity>
, of mid tibia
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104D90CA4BDFCD8DC" box="[899,1022,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="41.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="40.0">4043 mm</quantity>
, of hind tibia
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD103CD0CA4BB11D8DC" box="[1175,1299,1747,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="43.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="38.0">3848 mm</quantity>
. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs as in
<tableCitation id="C6CFB6EDFFF1FFD105420C81BC6CD939" box="[536,622,1782,1807]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1250,1273]" captionText="TABLE 2. Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., female (n = 2)." pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0D6DBA4FD961" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0D6DBF3AD905" box="[199,312,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Numbers of setae on tergites IVIII: 1420, 1828, 1834, 2238, 2830, 2430, 1838, 620. Numbers of setae on sternites IVIII: 68, 47, 1216, 2130, 2231, 2438, 3240.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF1FFD1079D0D15BAAAD9E9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1345,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF1FFD1079D0D15BF33D94D" box="[199,305,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1061B0D15BF87D94D" box="[321,389,1890,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
d, e). Sternite VIII divided, with
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105A60D15BD75D94C" box="[764,887,1890,1915]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="50.0">5055 mm</quantity>
long notched floor (
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF1FFD1033B0D15BAA6D94D" box="[1121,1188,1890,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1434,551,1795]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Manoa xianjuensis sp. n., paratype female: a) antenna; b) head; c) thorax; d) genitalia ventral view; e) genitalia lateral view. Scale bars = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291313/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="402">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
e) under vagina; floor with approximately 3244 setae. Tergite IX with 22 setae; gonocoxite IX with 12 setae. Cercus
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1038C0DF3BB5FD9AA" box="[1238,1373,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="89.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="78.0">78100 mm</quantity>
long, with 4248 setae. Seminal capsules
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105630DD2BCB7D98B" box="[569,693,1957,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="66.5" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="65.0">6568 mm</quantity>
long, including
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1042E0DD1BDEDD98B" box="[884,1007,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">1318 mm</quantity>
long, collar-shaped neck,
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD1027B0DD1BB9FD98B" box="[1313,1437,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">3840 mm</quantity>
wide. Spermathecal ducts curved. Notum
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD105360DB1BCE7D9E8" box="[620,741,1990,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="81.5" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="75.0">7588 mm</quantity>
long. Dorsomesal lobe
<quantity id="4CB52EB3FFF1FFD104B50DB0BA6AD9E8" box="[1007,1128,1991,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" unit="mm" value="72.0" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="71.0">7173 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF0FFD007CD0ED2BD28DA8C" box="[151,810,1188,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007CD0ED2BD28DA8C" blockId="5.[151,810,1188,1211]" box="[151,810,1188,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD007CD0ED2BF10DA8C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1189,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD006420ED2BFDADA8C" box="[280,472,1189,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD006420ED2BFDADA8C" box="[280,472,1189,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD006850ED2BC1CDA8C" bold="true" box="[479,542,1189,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD006850ED2BC1ADA8C" box="[479,536,1189,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
adult female, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32D3DEFFF0FFD007CD0E95BA9EDACF" box="[151,1180,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007CD0E95BA9EDACF" blockId="5.[151,1180,1250,1273]" box="[151,1180,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD007CD0E95BF05DACF" bold="true" box="[151,263,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Lengths (in mm) and proportions of legs of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD005BE0E95BDACDACF" box="[740,942,1250,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005BE0E95BDACDACF" box="[740,942,1250,1273]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Manoa xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004EE0E95BDF2DACF" bold="true" box="[948,1008,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD004EE0E95BDF2DACF" box="[948,1008,1250,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female (n = 2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007B00F63BAF0DB18" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" box="[234,1266,1300,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007C60F36BB33DB98" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">p1 680850 690750 640690 290310 220250 140170 p2 780850 710770 350400 150160 110130 8090 p3 880950 780830 480520 230250 200 (2) 100130</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007AE0FB2BAB9DBEC" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" box="[244,1211,1476,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">ta5 LR BV SV BR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD007C60F86BC10D88B" blockId="5.[156,1329,1300,1633]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
p1 90120 0.920.93 2.712.76 2.142.32 2.003.00 p2 6080 0.490.52 4.284.70 4.054.26 1.772.22 p3 8090 0.620.63 3.433.51 3.423.46 1.802.00
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0CD3BF97D88B" bold="true" box="[199,405,1700,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Immature stages.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD0079D0CBEBC29D944" blockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0CBEBFE8D8D4" bold="true" box="[199,490,1737,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">DNA barcoding analysis</emphasis>
. The neighbor joining tree (
<figureCitation id="13769FD3FFF0FFD0047F0CBEBD6AD8D7" box="[805,872,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,184,1170]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,153,1185]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Neighbor joining Kimura 2 parameter tree based on available Pseudochironomini DNA barcodes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/291314/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) based on available DNA barcodes unequivocally associates the adult males and females of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD005240C99BD26D933" box="[638,804,1774,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005240C99BC97D933" box="[638,661,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD005FC0C99BD26D933" box="[678,804,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004740C9ABD72D930" bold="true" box="[814,880,1773,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD004740C9ABD72D930" box="[814,880,1773,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and supports differentiation of the new species from the other barcoded
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD006EB0D66BC8DD91C" box="[433,655,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pseudochironomini">Pseudochironomini</taxonomicName>
. In addition, we found two distinct clades of under the name
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD002110D66BFB6D97B" authority="Kieffer, 1917" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Riethia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stictoptera">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD002110D66BF0DD97B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Riethia stictoptera</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1917
</taxonomicName>
with the maximum intraspecific genetic distance 18.1%, which suggests at least one misidentification in the BOLD data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357D0DDFFF0FFD0079D0D0ABC86D9E8" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF28356FFF0FFD0079D0D0ABC86D9E8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1700,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD0079D0D0ABFB5D9A0" bold="true" box="[199,439,1917,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">Biology and ecology</emphasis>
. The new species was collected using a sweep-net close to a small mountain stream in Kuocangshan Nature Reserve in subtropical
<collectingCountry id="F35AC3C6FFF0FFD005C80DD6BCDBD98C" box="[658,729,1953,1978]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">China</collectingCountry>
. We collected
<taxonomicName id="4C4DF8D5FFF0FFD004250DD5BA21D98F" box="[895,1059,1954,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Manoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xianjuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004250DD5BD94D98F" box="[895,918,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD004FF0DD5BA21D98F" box="[933,1059,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">xianjuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9395F44FFF0FFD003760DD6BA6FD98C" bold="true" box="[1068,1133,1953,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AE23FFFF0FFD003760DD6BA6FD98C" box="[1068,1133,1953,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
during the rainy season in late May, when the temperature is 1520°C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>