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<mods:title id="98396E0987C746C64EE7618CC2CE6C32">The Goniodidae (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) of peafowl (Aves: Galliformes: Pavo), with description of a new genus</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333EF8FE51FCBDFE62" ID-CoL="3GWKL" ID-ENA="186210" authority="Denny, 1842" authorityName="Denny" authorityYear="1842" box="[463,852,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333EF8FE51FD51FE62" bold="true" box="[463,696,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333DF7FE51FCBDFE62" author="Denny H" box="[704,852,432,458]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref18375" refString="Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae. London (UK): Henry G. Bohn; p. xxvi + 262." type="book" year="1842">Denny, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333F97FE04FDD6FE56" author="Nitzsch CL" box="[160,575,485,510]" page="294" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1818">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FE04FDD6FE56" ID-CoL="3GWKL" authority="Nitzsch, 1818: 294" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityPageNumber="294" authorityYear="1818" box="[160,575,485,510]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FE04FE85FE56" box="[160,364,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E43FE04FDD6FE56" author="Nitzsch CL" box="[372,575,485,510]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="261 - 316" refId="ref20470" refString="Nitzsch CL. 1818. Die Familien und Gattungen der Thierinsekten (insecta epizoica); als Prodromus einer Naturgeschechte derselben. Magazin der Entomologie. 3: 261 - 316." type="journal article" year="1818">Nitzsch, 1818: 294</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333D71FE04FD01FE56" box="[582,744,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">nomen nudum</emphasis>
.
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<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FDE9FEECFD89" box="[160,261,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333E23FDE9FE67FD89" box="[276,398,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Philopedon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333EAAFDE9FE14FD89" box="[413,509,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">dissimilis</emphasis>
(Nitzsch)
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333D45FDE9FCB8FD89" author="Stephens JF" box="[626,849,520,545]" page="333" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1829">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1BCF3AFFA6CF333F97FDCBFDD9FDEB" box="[160,560,554,579]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333F97FDCBFDC5FDEB" author="Denny H" box="[160,556,554,579]" page="57" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1842">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FDCBFDC5FDEB" ID-CoL="3GWKL" authority="Denny, 1842: 57" authorityName="Denny" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1842" box="[160,556,554,579]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FDCBFE85FDEB" box="[160,364,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E43FDCBFDC5FDEB" author="Denny H" box="[372,556,554,579]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref18375" refString="Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae. London (UK): Henry G. Bohn; p. xxvi + 262." type="book" year="1842">Denny, 1842: 57</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333F97FDACFD2DFDCE" author="Piaget E" box="[160,708,589,614]" page="269" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1880">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FDACFD2DFDCE" ID-CoL="8NJC6" authority="Piaget, 1880: 269" authorityName="Piaget" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="1880" box="[160,708,589,614]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="dissimilis" variety="bankiva">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FDACFE85FDCE" box="[160,364,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333E94FDACFE10FDCE" box="[419,505,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">bankiva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333D36FDACFD2DFDCE" author="Piaget E" box="[513,708,589,614]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref20539" refString="Piaget E. 1880. Les Pediculines. Essai monographique. Leiden (The Netherlands): E. J. Brill; p. xxxix + 714." type="book" year="1880">Piaget, 1880: 269</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1BCF3AFFA6CF333F97FD91FCBAFD21" box="[160,851,624,649]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FD91FE21FD21" ID-CoL="3GWKL" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[160,456,624,649]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FD91FE85FD21" box="[160,364,624,649]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
Nitzsch
</taxonomicName>
, in
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333ED8FD91FD95FD21" author="Denny H" box="[495,636,624,649]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref18375" refString="Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae. London (UK): Henry G. Bohn; p. xxvi + 262." type="book" year="1842">Denny, 1842</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333DBFFD91FCB9FD21" author="Harrison L" box="[648,848,624,649]" page="76" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333DBFFD91FCB9FD21" author="Harrison L" box="[648,848,624,649]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref19372" refString="Harrison L. 1916. The genera and species of Mallophaga. Parasitology. 9: 1 - 156. doi: 10.1017 / S 0031182000005989." type="journal article" year="1916">Harrison 1916: 76</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FD73FD2CFD03" blockId="18.[160,1145,485,753]" box="[160,709,658,683]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1BCF3AFFA6CF333F97FD73FD2CFD03" box="[160,709,658,683]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FD73FE0DFD03" authority="(Nitzsch)" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" box="[160,484,658,683]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Oulocrepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FD73FE90FD03" box="[160,377,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Oulocrepis dissimilis</emphasis>
(Nitzsch)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333ED9FD73FD28FD03" author="von Keler S" box="[494,705,658,683]" page="98" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1940">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333ED9FD73FD28FD03" author="von Keler S" box="[494,705,658,683]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref21322" refString="von Keler S. 1940. Baustoffe zu einer Monographie der mallophagen. II. Teil: Uberfamilie der Nirmoidea. Nova Acta Leopoldiana Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich Leopoldinisch-Carolinisch Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher Neue Folge. 8: 1 - 354 + 4 plates." type="book chapter" year="1940">von Kéler 1940: 98</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FD54FC33FD66" blockId="18.[160,1145,485,753]" box="[160,986,693,718]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FD54FDD8FD66" authority="Piag., 1940: 236" authorityName="Piag." authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1940" box="[160,561,693,718]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Oulocrepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bankivus">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FD54FE93FD66" box="[160,378,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Oulocrepis bankivus</emphasis>
Piag., 1940: 236
</taxonomicName>
[as possible synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333C79FD54FC24FD66" authority="(Nitzsch)" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" box="[846,973,693,718]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Oulocrepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333C79FD54FC24FD66" box="[846,973,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">O. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1BCF3AFFA6CF333F97FD39FB90FD59" box="[160,1145,728,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FD39FE1CFD59" ID-CoL="8NJC6" authority="Piaget, 1880" authorityName="Piaget" authorityYear="1880" box="[160,501,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bankiva">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FD39FE8BFD59" box="[160,354,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes bankiva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E5DFD39FE1CFD59" author="Piaget E" box="[362,501,728,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref20539" refString="Piaget E. 1880. Les Pediculines. Essai monographique. Leiden (The Netherlands): E. J. Brill; p. xxxix + 714." type="book" year="1880">Piaget, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AAACE05FFA6CF333D36FD39FCD3FD59" author="Hopkins GHE &amp; Clay T" box="[513,826,728,753]" page="151" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333D36FD39FCD3FD59" author="Hopkins GHE &amp; Clay T" box="[513,826,728,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref19423" refString="Hopkins GHE, Clay T. 1952. A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. London: Trustees of the British Museum; 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins and Clay 1952: 151</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333CC4FD39FB98FD59" ID-CoL="3GWKL" ID-ENA="186210" authority="Denny, 1842" authorityName="Denny" authorityYear="1842" box="[1011,1137,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Oulocrepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333CC4FD39FB98FD59" box="[1011,1137,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">G. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C311BB9FFFA6CF333F97FCCDFE22FC49" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FCCDFEFAFCEE" blockId="18.[160,687,812,873]" box="[160,275,812,838]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FCCDFEFAFCEE" bold="true" box="[160,275,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Type host</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FCB1FD46FCC1" blockId="18.[160,687,812,873]" box="[160,687,848,873]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FCB1FE00FCC1" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[160,489,848,873]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Gallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gallus">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FCB1FEC3FCC1" box="[160,298,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Gallus gallus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E0FFCB1FE08FCC1" author="Linnaeus CV" box="[312,481,848,873]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" refId="ref20038" refString="Linnaeus CV. 1758. Systema naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10 th ed. Stockholm (Sweden): Salvius; p. iv + 824." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
red junglefowl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FC45FE89FC16" blockId="18.[160,459,932,993]" box="[160,352,932,958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FC45FE89FC16" bold="true" box="[160,352,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<typeStatus id="54B056B6FFA6CF333F97FC45FEEBFC16" box="[160,258,932,958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FC29FE22FC49" blockId="18.[160,459,932,993]" box="[160,459,968,993]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<collectingCountry id="F31CA884FFA6CF333F97FC29FF15FC49" box="[160,252,968,993]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">England</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E3EFC29FE90FC49" author="Clay T" box="[265,377,968,993]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref18060" refString="Clay T. 1940. Genera and species of Mallophaga occurring on Gallinaceous hosts. - Part II. Proc Zool Soc London. 110: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1940">Clay 1940</bibRefCitation>
, p. 65).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C311BB9FFFA6CF333F97FBFDFC60F996" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FBFDFEEFFB9E" blockId="18.[160,1156,1052,1598]" box="[160,262,1052,1078]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FBFDFEEFFB9E" bold="true" box="[160,262,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333F97FBA1FDA3FA1B" blockId="18.[160,1156,1052,1598]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333F97FBA1FE85FBF1" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[160,364,1088,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FBA1FE85FBF1" box="[160,364,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Goniodes dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from peafowl from
<collectingCountry id="F31CA884FFA6CF333C15FBA1FC96FBF1" box="[802,895,1088,1113]" name="Pakistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333CBCFBA1FB89FBF1" author="Naz S &amp; Rizvi SA" box="[907,1120,1088,1113]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref20390" refString="Naz S, Rizvi SA. 2018. First record of genus Goniodes Nitzsch, 1818 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) on peafowl (Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Pakistan. Asian J Res Zool. 1: 1 - 12. doi: 10.9734 / ajriz / 2018 / v 1 i 129670." type="journal article" year="2018">Naz and Rizvi 2018</bibRefCitation>
). It was also reported from
<collectingCountry id="F31CA884FFA6CF333E92FB83FDD8FBD3" box="[421,561,1122,1147]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333D6FFB83FCC1FBD3" author="Nasser M &amp; Al-Ahmed A &amp; Shobrak M &amp; Aldryhim Y" box="[600,808,1122,1147]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="88 - 94" refId="ref20323" refString="Nasser M, Al-Ahmed A, Shobrak M, Aldryhim Y. 2015. Identification key for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) infesting the Indian Peacock (Pavo cristatus) with one new country record and a new host record for Saudi Arabia. Turk J Zool. 38: 88 - 94. doi: 10.3906 / zoo- 1312 - 44." type="journal article" year="2015">
Nasser
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333D90FB83FD3CFBD3" box="[679,725,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">et al</emphasis>
. (2015)
</bibRefCitation>
, but the louse in their photos is not
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333FFAFB64FEA3FB36" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[205,330,1157,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333FFAFB64FEA3FB36" box="[205,330,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">G. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but an unidentified species (see below).
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333C24FB64FC04FB36" author="Naz S &amp; Rizvi SA" box="[787,1005,1157,1182]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref20390" refString="Naz S, Rizvi SA. 2018. First record of genus Goniodes Nitzsch, 1818 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) on peafowl (Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Pakistan. Asian J Res Zool. 1: 1 - 12. doi: 10.9734 / ajriz / 2018 / v 1 i 129670." type="journal article" year="2018">Naz and Rizvi (2018</bibRefCitation>
, p. 11) stated that their peafowls had not been in contact with domestic fowl, and that
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333CE6FB49FBA4FB69" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[977,1101,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333CE6FB49FBA4FB69" box="[977,1101,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">G. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may therefore occur naturally on peafowls in
<collectingCountry id="F31CA884FFA6CF333D59FB2BFD27FB4B" box="[622,718,1226,1251]" name="Pakistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
. Close proximity of multiple species of domesticated or captive galliforms seems to have resulted in successful host switches several times, including cases where lice have subsequently spread worldwide on their novel hosts (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E1BFAD3FDB3FAE3" author="Gustafsson DR &amp; Zou F" box="[300,602,1330,1355]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref19329" refString="Gustafsson DR, Zou F. 2020 b. Gallancyra gen. nov. (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera), with an overview of the geographical distribution of chewing lice parasitizing chicken. Eur J Taxon. 685: 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2020">Gustafsson and Zou 2020b</bibRefCitation>
). Established populations of novel lice on captive galliforms also seem to be able to persist locally (eg
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333DD1FAB4FC8CFAC6" author="Fabiyi JP" box="[742,869,1365,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="198" refId="ref18597" refString="Fabiyi JP. 1972. The occurrence of Cuclotogaster occidentalis and Amyrsidea sp. powelli group (Mallophaga: Insecta) on the domestic fowl in the Vom area of Benue-Plateau State, Nigeria. Vet Rec. 1972: 198. doi: 10.1136 / vr. 91.8.198 - a." type="journal article" year="1972">Fabiyi 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333C46FAB4FC41FAC6" author="Fabiyi JP" box="[881,936,1365,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref18649" refString="Fabiyi JP. 1980. The grey-breasted helmet guineafowl (Numida meleagris galeata), a new host for Amyrsidea powelli (Bedford 1920) and Cuclotogaster occidentalis (Tendeiro 1954). Revue d ̾ Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux. 33: 303 - 304." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333C83FAB4FC02FAC6" author="Fabiyi JP" box="[948,1003,1365,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="377 - 379" refId="ref18700" refString="Fabiyi JP. 1986. Exclusion in Nigeria of chickens and Guinea-fowl from the host range of Menacanthus stramineus (Mallophaga: Insecta). Revue d ̾ Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux. 39: 377 - 379." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333CC1FAB4FBC4FAC6" author="Fabiyi JP" box="[1014,1069,1365,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1034 - 1036" refId="ref18743" refString="Fabiyi JP. 1996. Association between duration of humid season and geographical distribution patterns of different species of chewing lice (Mallophaga: Insecta) infesting domestic chicken in Nigeria. J Parasitol. 82: 1034 - 1036. doi: 10.2307 / 3284220." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333B0EFAB4FEFCFA39" author="Sychra O &amp; Harmat P &amp; Literak I" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="344 - 348" refId="ref20910" refString="Sychra O, Harmat P, Literak I. 2008. Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) on chickens (Gallus gallus) from small backyard flocks in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. Vet Parasitol. 152: 344 - 348. doi: 10.1016 / j. vetpar. 2008.01.001." type="journal article" year="2008">
Sychra
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333F97FA99FF39FA39" box="[160,208,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). In some cases, the natural host of lice occurring on captive galliforms is not even known (eg
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E6AFA7BFDD4FA1B" author="Alahmed A &amp; Aldryhim Y &amp; Shobrak M &amp; Nasser M" box="[349,573,1434,1459]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="253 - 257" refId="ref17632" refString="Alahmed A, Aldryhim Y, Shobrak M, Nasser M. 2017. A new species of the genus Amyrsidea (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae) parasitizing domestic chickens in Saudi Arabia. Zootaxa. 4238: 253 - 257. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4238.2.5." type="journal article" year="2017">
Alahmed
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333EFEFA7BFE10FA1B" box="[457,505,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4E814FFA6CF333FF7FA5CFC60F996" blockId="18.[160,1156,1052,1598]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">
However, as reports of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333EFDFA5CFDA0FA7E" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[458,585,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333EFDFA5CFDA0FA7E" box="[458,585,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">G. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are limited and may be due to straggling or very locally established populations, we do not redescribe this species here. Specimens suspected to be
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9397FFA6CF333E0AF9E3FE54F9B3" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[317,445,1538,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Goniodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
<emphasis id="B97F3406FFA6CF333E0AF9E3FE54F9B3" box="[317,445,1538,1563]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014">G. dissimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be identified by the illustrations and descriptions of
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333B63F9E3FF0EF996" author="Clay T" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref18060" refString="Clay T. 1940. Genera and species of Mallophaga occurring on Gallinaceous hosts. - Part II. Proc Zool Soc London. 110: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1940">Clay (1940)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333FC4F9C4FE42F996" author="von Keler S" box="[243,427,1573,1598]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref21322" refString="von Keler S. 1940. Baustoffe zu einer Monographie der mallophagen. II. Teil: Uberfamilie der Nirmoidea. Nova Acta Leopoldiana Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich Leopoldinisch-Carolinisch Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher Neue Folge. 8: 1 - 354 + 4 plates." type="book chapter" year="1940">von Kéler (1940)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333E80F9C4FD8FF996" author="Emerson KC" box="[439,614,1573,1598]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="63 - 79" refId="ref18513" refString="Emerson KC. 1956. Mallophaga (chewing lice) occurring on the domestic chicken. J Kans Entomol Soc. 29: 63 - 79." type="journal article" year="1956">Emerson (1956)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A95E5FFA6CF333D97F9C4FC6CF996" author="Naz S &amp; Rizvi SA" box="[672,901,1573,1598]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1014" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref20390" refString="Naz S, Rizvi SA. 2018. First record of genus Goniodes Nitzsch, 1818 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) on peafowl (Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Pakistan. Asian J Res Zool. 1: 1 - 12. doi: 10.9734 / ajriz / 2018 / v 1 i 129670." type="journal article" year="2018">Naz and Rizvi (2018)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>