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<document id="06DC65E72E732F449AFB32853A3C64D7" ID-CLB-Dataset="46839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4072.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="235dd6cd-8f4e-4d97-abe9-49048dee198a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="263020" ID-ZooBank="9C5743A5-6F97-471E-8F60-99A744193FE1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460359453096" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ray, C. Keith &amp; Armbruster, Jonathan W." docDate="2016" docId="039887CCFFD8FF9D94F14A10FC6D91D8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4072.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4072 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aphanotorulus horridus Kner 1854" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="523" masterDocId="FFA1FFB4FFCAFF8B94664C6BFF9C9008" masterDocTitle="The genera Isorineloricaria and Aphanotorulus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="539" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="519" updateTime="1698294258936" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0254769BE06D9B7B2996738249CBDCE9">The genera Isorineloricaria and Aphanotorulus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7BAF50278A68F95374FCD71A0D72267D">Ray, C. Keith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="721BBB217EDE015A4051957A40944795">Armbruster, Jonathan W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DA9A3EF9A2A49DA966293D1A1EED20EE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="67C63A87D17DC3152106253346767C50">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039887CCFFD8FF9D94F14A10FC6D91D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6055316" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119409384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6055316" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887CCFFD8FF9D94F14A10FC6D91D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887CCFFD8FF9D94F14A10FC6D91D8" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFD8FF9994F14A10FF6496BF" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14A10FDC6969E" blockId="18.[151,602,1659,1719]" box="[151,602,1659,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<heading id="D0C681B6FFD8FF9994F14A10FDC6969E" bold="true" box="[151,602,1659,1686]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF9994F14A10FDC6969E" authority="Kner 1854" authorityName="Kner" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,602,1659,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14A10FDC6969E" bold="true" box="[151,602,1659,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14A10FE21969D" bold="true" box="[151,445,1659,1685]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Aphanotorulus horridus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF9995AA4A17FDCE969E" author="Kner" box="[460,594,1660,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Kner, R. (1854) Die Hypostomiden. Zweite Hauptgruppe der Familie der Panzerfische. (Loricata vel Goniodontes). Denkschriften der Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 7, 251 - 286, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1854">Kner 1854</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14AF5FF6496BF" blockId="18.[151,602,1659,1719]" box="[151,248,1694,1719]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
(
<figureCitation id="130A2A5FFFD8FF9994F94AF5FF7396BF" box="[159,239,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,193,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1435,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of Aphanotorulus horridus, AUM 42001. Scale = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263030/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFD8FF9994F14A8CFAFA97BC" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14A8CFC299713" blockId="18.[151,1436,1766,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2111F4FFD8FF9994F14A8CFC299713" infered="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF9994F14A8CFDB896F4" ID-CoL="3NZ88" authority="Kner, 1854: 259" authorityName="Kner" authorityPageNumber="259" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,548,1766,1788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14A8CFEEF96F4" box="[151,371,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Hypostomus horridus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9010CBFFD8FF99951D4A8CFDB896F4" author="Kner" box="[379,548,1766,1788]" page="259" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" year="1854">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF99951D4A8CFE6D96F4" author="Kner" box="[379,497,1766,1788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Kner, R. (1854) Die Hypostomiden. Zweite Hauptgruppe der Familie der Panzerfische. (Loricata vel Goniodontes). Denkschriften der Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 7, 251 - 286, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1854">Kner, 1854</bibRefCitation>
: 259
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1 (fig. 1).
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9996DB4A8CFD7396F4" box="[701,751,1767,1788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Forte do
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFD8FF9997D74A8DFB9996F4" box="[945,1029,1766,1788]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Principe</collectingCountry>
am Rio Guaporé,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFD8FF9990A04A8DFA9B96F4" box="[1222,1287,1766,1788]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9991744A8DFAF396F4" box="[1298,1391,1766,1788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
(3): NMW 16325 (1), NMW 86604 (1). Originally proposed as
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9997474B6DFC339713" box="[801,943,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
Hyp.
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF99973E4B6EFC339713" ID-CoL="3NZ88" box="[856,943,1797,1819]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">horridus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14B4FFD5B9750" blockId="18.[151,1436,1766,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2111F4FFD8FF9994F14B4FFD5B9750" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF9994F14B4FFDA69732" ID-CoL="4K2VP" authority="Cope, 1872: 285" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="1872" box="[151,570,1828,1850]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biseriatus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14B4FFE1F9732" box="[151,387,1828,1850]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Plecostomus biseriatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9010CBFFD8FF9995ED4B4FFDA69732" author="Cope" box="[395,570,1828,1850]" page="285" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" year="1872">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF9995ED4B4FFD999732" author="Cope" box="[395,517,1828,1850]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Cope, E. D. (1872) On the fishes of the Ambyiacu River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 23 (for 1871), 250 - 294, pls. 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="1872">Cope, 1872</bibRefCitation>
: 285
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9996204B4EFDE49732" box="[582,632,1829,1850]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Type</typeStatus>
locality: the Amazon, between the mouth of the Rio Negro and the Peruvian Amazon or Ucayale River.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9995BD4B29FDA19750" box="[475,573,1858,1880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ANSP 8279.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14B0AFB94979D" blockId="18.[151,1436,1766,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2111F4FFD8FF9994F14B0AFB94979D" infered="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF9994F14B0AFDDE977F" ID-CoL="4K2XY" authority="Cope, 1871: 55" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,578,1889,1911]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scopularius">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14B0AFE0A977F" box="[151,406,1889,1911]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Plecostomus scopularius</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9010CBFFD8FF9995F94B0AFDDE977F" author="Cope" box="[415,578,1889,1911]" page="55" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" year="1871">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF9995F94B0AFD85977F" author="Cope" box="[415,537,1889,1911]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Cope, E. D. (1871) Fishes from the Amazon above the mouth of the Rio Negro. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 23, 55. [Philadelphia," type="journal article" year="1871">Cope, 1871</bibRefCitation>
: 55
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9996294B09FD1E977F" box="[591,642,1890,1911]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Type</typeStatus>
locality: the Amazon above the mouth of the Rio Negro.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9990804B09FAD3977F" box="[1254,1359,1890,1911]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
: ANSP 8081, designated by Fowler (1915: 233); illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF9996964B14FB9F979D" author="Cope" box="[752,1027,1919,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Cope, E. D. (1872) On the fishes of the Ambyiacu River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 23 (for 1871), 250 - 294, pls. 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="1872" yearSuffix="a">Cope (1872a: pl. 16, no. 1)</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD8FF9994F14BF5FAFA97BC" blockId="18.[151,1436,1766,1972]" box="[151,1382,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2111F4FFD8FF9994F14BF5FAFA97BC" box="[151,1382,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD8FF9994F14BF5FDB097BC" ID-CoL="4K2YL" authority="Cope, 1874: 137" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,556,1950,1972]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virescens">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD8FF9994F14BF5FEE697BC" box="[151,378,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Plecostomus virescens</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9010CBFFD8FF9995E74BF5FDB097BC" author="Cope" box="[385,556,1950,1972]" page="137" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" year="1874">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD8FF9995E74BF5FE6697BC" author="Cope" box="[385,506,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refString="Cope, E. D. (1874) On some Batrachia and Nematognathi brought from the upper Amazon by Prof. Orton. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 26, 120 - 137." type="journal article" year="1874">Cope, 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 137
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF9996534BF4FDFB97BC" box="[565,615,1951,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Type</typeStatus>
locality: not explicitly given [Upper Amazon].
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD8FF99902D4BF5FB3097BC" box="[1099,1196,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
: ANSP 21280 (4).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD9FF9894F14832FD8794A4" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<table id="F931C47AFFD9007494F14832FA0194A4" box="[151,1437,1113,1196]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<tr id="35013498FFD9007494F14832FA019467" box="[151,1437,1113,1135]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<th id="76D05DE4FFD9007494F14832FC869467" box="[151,794,1113,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9894F14832FEBB9466" bold="true" box="[151,295,1113,1135]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9895864832FD519467" box="[480,717,1113,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9895864832FD519467" box="[480,717,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Aphanotorulus gomesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(star),
</th>
<th id="76D05DE4FFD9007497474832FB349467" box="[801,1192,1113,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9897424832FC5C9467" box="[804,960,1113,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phrixosoma">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9897424832FC5C9467" box="[804,960,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">A. phrixosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(X),
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9890634832FB3B9467" box="[1029,1191,1113,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9890634832FB3B9467" box="[1029,1191,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Isorineloricaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76D05DE4FFD9007490D64832FA019467" box="[1200,1437,1113,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9890D04831FA929467" box="[1206,1294,1114,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuarius">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9890D04831FA929467" box="[1206,1294,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">acuarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(squares),
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9891EB4831FA019467" box="[1421,1437,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">I.</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35013498FFD9007494F1481CFA019486" box="[151,1437,1143,1166]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<th id="76D05DE4FFD9007494F1481CFC869486" box="[151,794,1143,1166]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9894F14812FE859486" box="[151,281,1145,1166]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9894F14812FE859486" box="[151,281,1145,1166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">spinosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(circles),
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9895E64812FD9B9485" box="[384,519,1143,1166]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenuicauda">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9895E64812FD9B9485" box="[384,519,1143,1166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">I. tenuicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(diamonds), and
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF9896DA4812FC869485" box="[700,794,1143,1166]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villarsi">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9896DA4812FC869485" box="[700,794,1143,1166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">I. villarsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76D05DE4FFD900749747481CFB349486" box="[801,1192,1143,1166]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">(triangles). Type localities represented</td>
<td id="76D05DE4FFD9007490D6481CFA019486" box="[1200,1437,1143,1166]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">by open symbols when</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35013498FFD9007494F148FDFA0194A4" box="[151,1437,1174,1196]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76D05DE4FFD9007494F148FDFC8694A4" box="[151,794,1174,1196]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">there is more than one known locality.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFD9FF9F94F148B8FBF09517" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="521" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFD9FF9F94F148B8FBF09517" blockId="19.[151,1437,1235,2005]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="521" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9894F148B8FE1D94E4" bold="true" box="[151,385,1235,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Material examined.</emphasis>
Bolvia:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF98958248BFFDA594E4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[484,569,1236,1260]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">AMNH</collectionCode>
77469 (2), Rio Mamore; 8 kilometers north of Exaltacion, Depto Beni, Col. by S. Anderson,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF98953E489CFDA49518" box="[344,568,1271,1296]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1965-09-29">29 September 1965</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF989620489CFD1B9507" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[582,647,1271,1295]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">INHS</collectionCode>
36997 (1), Rio Maniqui at San Borja, Beni,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFD9FF9890ED489CFB7D9518" box="[1163,1249,1271,1296]" name="Bolivia" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF989088489CFAA39507" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1262,1343,1271,1295]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">USNM</collectionCode>
305509 (2), Rio Curiraba @
<quantity id="4CC99B3FFFD9FF9895EC4970FE4F953B" box="[394,467,1306,1331]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
NE El Porvenir Biol. Sta., @ 40 Air km E San Borja, Dept. Beni, Ballivia Prov., - 14.917, -66.283, col. by W.C. Starnes, T.A. Monroe, J. Sarmiento,
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF9897F54954FC51955E" box="[915,973,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">et al.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9897BA4955FB0A955E" box="[988,1174,1342,1366]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1987-08-31">31 August 1987</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFD9FF9890C54956FB70955E" box="[1187,1260,1341,1366]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF98909E4955FAD1955E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[1272,1357,1342,1366]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">AMNH</collectionCode>
12604 (1), Vicinity of mouth of Rio Macaua (tributary Rio Iaco), near Sena Madureira,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98907E4909FBE89572" box="[1048,1140,1378,1402]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-9.333333">09º20’S</geoCoordinate>
, ca.
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9890C0490AFA969572" box="[1190,1290,1377,1402]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-68.75">68º45’W</geoCoordinate>
, col. by B.A. Krukoff, 1934;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF98952249EEFE179595" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[324,395,1413,1437]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">ANSP</collectionCode>
8081 (1), (
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFD9FF98966149EEFDE99596" box="[519,629,1413,1438]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFD9FF98961849EEFB839595" authority="Cope 1871" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[638,1055,1413,1437]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scopularius">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFD9FF98961849EEFC099595" box="[638,917,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Plecostomus scopularius</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFD9FF9897C449EEFB839595" author="Cope" box="[930,1055,1413,1437]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" refString="Cope, E. D. (1871) Fishes from the Amazon above the mouth of the Rio Negro. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 23, 55. [Philadelphia," type="journal article" year="1871">Cope 1871</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), Amazon River, above the mouth of the Rio Negro, R. Perkins;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF98958549C2FDBC95C9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[483,544,1449,1473]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
33518 (2), Rio Jurua [vicinity of mouth of Rio Embira, trib. of Rio Tarauaca, in turn a trib. of Rio Jurua], Amazonas, col. by B.A. Krukoff, 1934;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF98971C49A7FC2B95EC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[890,951,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
33524 (2), Rio Purus [vicinity of mouth of Rio Macaua, trib. of Rio Iaco, in turn a tri. of Rio Purus], Acre, col. by B.A. Krukoff, 1933;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9890F9499BFB479600" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[1183,1243,1520,1544]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
7794 (1),;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF989139499BFA079600" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[1375,1435,1520,1544]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
7799 (2), Tabatinga [Rio Solimoes at Tabatinga (aka Sapurara) and environs], Amazonas, THAYER 133, col. by D. Bourget, 1865;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9895234A5CFE1E9647" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[325,386,1591,1615]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
7802 (2), Lago Cudajas [Lago Badajos], Amazonas, THAYER 0 25, col. by S.V.R. Thayer, D. Bourget, 1865;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9895354A31FE0C967A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[339,400,1626,1650]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
7803 (2), Lago Manacapuru; Manacapuru [Lago Grande de Manacapuru], Amazonas, THAYER 0 60, col. by W. James, 1865;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9896E54A15FD5C969E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[643,704,1662,1686]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MCZ</collectionCode>
7879 (3), Obidos; Obydos [Rio Amazonas at Obidos], Pará, THAYER 0 76, col. by Length Agassiz and party,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9896AB4ACBFC1A96B1" box="[717,902,1696,1721]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1865-08-26">26 August 1865</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9897F54ACAFC6C96B1" box="[915,1008,1697,1721]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
23260 (1), Rio Solimões, Amazonas,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9894F14AAFFF4996D5" box="[151,213,1732,1757]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-4.0833335">4º5’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9894844AAFFEA596D5" box="[226,313,1732,1757]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-63.15">63º9’W</geoCoordinate>
, Expedição Permanente à Amazônia,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9897624AAEFC7396D5" box="[772,1007,1732,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1968-09-28">28 September 1968</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9890674AAEFBC296D5" box="[1025,1118,1733,1757]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
28368 (2), Rio Machado, próximo à foz, Rondônia, 8º4ºS
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9896664A8CFDF99708" box="[512,613,1767,1792]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-62.9">62º54’W</geoCoordinate>
, Expedição Permanente à Amazônia,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF98906A4A83FB7B9708" box="[1036,1255,1767,1792]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1975-11-21">21 November 1975</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9890944A83FAD39708" box="[1266,1359,1768,1792]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
49682 (1), Rio Acre, Seringal Bom Destino (1 hora acima de Porto Acre), Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9890664B60FBD2972C" box="[1024,1102,1803,1828]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-9.6">9º36’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98903B4B60FB5E972C" box="[1117,1218,1803,1828]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-67.53333">67º32’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9890B74B60FA0B972B" box="[1233,1431,1803,1828]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1994-10-19">19 October 1994</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9894F14B44FF68974F" box="[151,244,1839,1863]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
49839 (1), Rio Acre, seringal Perseverança, Rio Purus drainage, Acre,;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9890264B44FB01974F" box="[1088,1181,1839,1863]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
50374 (1), Rio Juruá, Colocacão São João, Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9895A94B39FD929762" box="[463,526,1874,1898]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-9.15">9º9’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98967A4B39FD1C9762" box="[540,640,1874,1898]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-72.683334">72º41’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9896EB4B39FC889762" box="[653,788,1874,1899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1993-07-08">8 July 1993</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9897474B39FCE29762" box="[801,894,1874,1898]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
50377 (1), Rio Tejo, Ponto 13, Foz Bajé, Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9894F14B1EFF7E9786" box="[151,226,1909,1934]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-8.933333">8º56’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98948A4B1DFECC9786" box="[236,336,1910,1934]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-72.566666">72º34’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF98953B4B1DFD9E9786" box="[349,514,1909,1934]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1994-03-08">8 March 1994</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9896694B1DFDF09786" box="[527,620,1910,1934]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
50489 (1), Foz do São João, Rio Juruá, Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9890EF4B1DFB549786" box="[1161,1224,1910,1934]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-9.15">9º9’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9890B14B1DFAA79786" box="[1239,1339,1910,1934]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-72.683334">72º41’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF98912E4B1DFF4F97B9" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1994-07-18">18 July 1994</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9894BB4BF2FEA697B9" box="[221,314,1945,1969]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
50491(1), Foz do Breu, Rio Juruá, Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98976B4BF2FCC597BA" box="[781,857,1945,1970]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-9.416667">9º25’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9897064BF2FC5997B9" box="[864,965,1945,1969]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-72.71667">72º43’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF9897B64BF2FBFF97B9" box="[976,1123,1945,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1994-07-21">21 July 1994</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9890094BF2FB5097B9" box="[1135,1228,1945,1969]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
50494 (1), Foz do Tejo, Rio Juruá, Acre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF9895C44BD7FE7297DD" box="[418,494,1980,2005]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-8.966666">8º58’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98959E4BD6FDC097DD" box="[504,604,1981,2005]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="925" value="-72.7">72º42’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFD9FF98960D4BD7FC9B97DD" box="[619,775,1980,2005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="1994-07-15">15 July 1994</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFD9FF9897734BD6FCEE97DD" box="[789,882,1981,2005]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">MZUSP</collectionCode>
57622 (1), Rio Madeira, Amazonas,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFD9FF98914E4BD7FA0097DD" box="[1320,1436,1980,2005]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="15" value="-3.8316667">3º49’54”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F94F14CFCFE8A90B8" box="[151,278,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="15" value="-59.06611">59º3’58”W</geoCoordinate>
, col. by Zanata
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F95B64CF2FD9790B8" box="[464,523,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F967D4CF3FD5B90B8" box="[539,711,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1996-08-07">7 August 1996</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F96B34CF3FCAE90B8" box="[725,818,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MZUSP</collectionCode>
60372 (1), Rio Aripuanã, Porto de Balsa (rio acima), estrada que liga o distrito de Colniza a Panelas, km 18, Aripuanã, Mato Grosso,
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F90464CD0FB0890DC" box="[1056,1172,187,212]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="15" value="-9.579166">9º34’45”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F90FD4CD0FAB490DC" box="[1179,1320,187,212]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="15" value="-59.421947">59º25’19”W</geoCoordinate>
, col. by F. Machado, C.H. Melo, C.M.C. Leite &amp; M.F. Catarino;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F977C4CB4FCF790FF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[794,875,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
0 41540 (1), Manacapouru;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90DE4CB4FA9590FF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1208,1289,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
308227 (2), Ressaca Da
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F95414D69FECF9113" box="[295,339,258,283]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Ilha</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F95384D68FEE39112" box="[350,383,259,282]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">De</collectingCountry>
Marchantaria, Amazonas, col. by P. Bayley,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F97F74D68FBA49113" box="[913,1080,258,283]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1977-03-02">2 March 1977</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F90214D69FB269113" box="[1095,1210,258,283]" name="Colombia" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Colombia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90AE4D68FA859112" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1224,1305,259,282]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">FMNH</collectionCode>
96065 (5), Amazon River
<quantity id="4CC99B3FFFDEFF9F95204D4DFEE39136" box="[326,383,293,318]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
. upstream from Leticia, Amazonas, col. by Thomerson
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F90664D4CFBA79136" box="[1024,1083,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F902D4D4DFAB59136" box="[1099,1321,293,318]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1973-11-11">11 November 1973</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F91514D4EFA059136" box="[1335,1433,293,318]" name="Ecuador" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F94F14D22FF749169" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[151,232,329,353]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
177235 (1), Rio Cotapino, Trib. of the Suno, -0.708, -77.342, col. by J. Olalla,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F900C4D22FA9B916A" box="[1130,1287,329,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1950-10">October 1950</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F91744D21FAD69169" box="[1298,1354,330,353]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F91334D22FA009169" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[1365,1436,329,353]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">ANSP</collectionCode>
21280-83 (4), (
<typeStatus id="548A8878FFDEFF9F95204D06FE2E918D" box="[326,434,365,389]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F95D94D06FCD4918D" authority="Cope 1874" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1874" box="[447,840,365,389]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virescens">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F95D94D06FD22918C" box="[447,702,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Plecostomus virescens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B2BFFDEFF9F96AE4D06FCD4918D" author="Cope" box="[712,840,365,389]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" refString="Cope, E. D. (1874) On some Batrachia and Nematognathi brought from the upper Amazon by Prof. Orton. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 26, 120 - 137." type="journal article" year="1874">Cope 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), Upper Amazon, col. by Prof. James Orton;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F913C4D06FA00918D" box="[1370,1436,365,389]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">AUM</collectionCode>
42001 (1), Rìo Tahuamanu, road crossing in vicinity of San Lorenzo, Madre de Dios, col. by M.H. Sabaj, Length Souza, M. Arce, Length deSouza, and N.J. Salcedo,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F96B94DDFFC1B91C4" box="[735,903,436,460]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2004-08-01">1 August 2004</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F97F44DDFFC4F91C4" box="[914,979,436,460]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">AUM</collectionCode>
45568 (1), Rìo Nieva,
<quantity id="4CC99B3FFFDEFF9F90B34DDFFABE91C4" box="[1237,1314,435,460]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" unit="km" value="7.4">7.4 km</quantity>
SSW Juan Velasco (Sta Maria de Nieva), Condorcanqui, Amazonas, col. by N.K. Lujan, D.C. Werneke, D.C. Taphorn, D.P.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F94F14D90FF68921B" box="[151,244,507,531]" name="Germany" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">German</collectingCountry>
, and D. Osorio,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F95D04D91FDFF921B" box="[438,611,506,531]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2006-08-05">5 August 2006</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F96144D90FD2F921B" box="[626,691,507,531]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">AUM</collectionCode>
45585 (1), Rìo Marañon, pongo above Borja,
<quantity id="4CC99B3FFFDEFF9F90B44D91FAAC921B" box="[1234,1328,506,531]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" unit="km" value="35.5">35.5 km</quantity>
NE Juan Velasco (Sta Maria de Nieva), Condorcanqui, Amazonas, col. by N.K. Lujan, D.C. Werneke, D.C. Taphorn, A.S. Flecker, K.A. Capps, D.P.
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F95B14E29FDA89252" box="[471,564,578,602]" name="Germany" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">German</collectingCountry>
, and D. Osorio,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F97644E2AFC2B9252" box="[770,951,577,602]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2006-08-06">6 August 2006</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F97AE4E29FB859251" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[968,1049,578,601]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">FMNH</collectionCode>
70157 (1), Madre de Dios: Rio Inambari, col. by E.R. Blake,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F95944E0EFD349276" box="[498,680,613,638]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1958-10-06">6 October 1958</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F96D04E0EFD6B9275" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[694,759,613,637]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">INHS</collectionCode>
36566 (1), Rio Napo at Mazan, Dept. Loreto,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F91704E0DFAD19275" box="[1302,1357,614,637]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F913D4E0EFA009275" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[1371,1436,613,637]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">INHS</collectionCode>
36796 (1), Iquitos, at fish market, Dept. Loreto,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F96D14EE2FD7292A8" box="[695,750,649,672]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F969F4EE2FCA692A9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[761,826,649,673]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">INHS</collectionCode>
55406 (1), Rio Amazonas at beach along E bank of E channel opposite Iquitos, Dept. Loreto,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F96324EC6FD1792CC" box="[596,651,685,708]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F96F04EC7FD7792CC" box="[662,747,684,708]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MUSM</collectionCode>
12628 (1), Tambopata, Rio Madre de Dios, El Bacon, Madre de Dio,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F94954EBBFEB592EF" box="[243,297,720,743]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F95534EBBFE7292E0" box="[309,494,720,744]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1997-08-20">20 August 1997</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F959D4EBBFDCC92E0" box="[507,592,720,744]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MUSM</collectionCode>
19897 (1), Tambopata, Rio Los Amigos, Madre de Dios,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F90824EBBFA8692EF" box="[1252,1306,720,743]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F91414EBBFF4F9303" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2001-08-17">17 August 2001</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F94864E98FEA99303" box="[224,309,755,779]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MUSM</collectionCode>
26699 (1), Alto Amazonas, Trompeteros, Rio Corrientes, Loreto,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F90574E9FFBFB9303" box="[1073,1127,756,779]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F90134E98FAA59304" box="[1141,1337,755,780]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2005-10-20">20 October 2005</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F91214E98FA009303" box="[1351,1436,755,779]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MUSM</collectionCode>
9976 (1), Tambopata, lago Valencia, Madre de Dios,
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F96984F7CFCA89326" box="[766,820,791,814]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F97244F7CFB9A9327" box="[834,1030,790,815]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1995-10-24">24 October 1995</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90724F7CFBED9327" box="[1044,1137,791,815]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MZUSP</collectionCode>
26754 (1), Rio Aguaytia, Nuevo Requena, Pucallpa, col. by H. Ortega,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F96F24F51FCCF935A" box="[660,851,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1973-10-23">23 October 1973</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F97394F51FC20935A" box="[863,956,826,850]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MZUSP</collectionCode>
26788 (1), Rio Neshuya, estrada Pucallpa- Huanuco, Pucallpa, Ucayali, col. by H. Ortega,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F96AF4F35FCF8937E" box="[713,868,861,886]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1978-07-24">24 July 1978</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F97124F35FC4D937E" box="[884,977,862,886]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">MZUSP</collectionCode>
26789 (2), Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Cel. Portillo, Ucayali, col. by H. Ortega,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F96204FEAFC989391" box="[582,772,897,921]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1973-08-10">10 August 1973</date>
; UF 126268 (1), Cano Puinahua, opposite mouth of Rio Pacaya. Habitat - Beaches &amp; Muddy bottom, Loreto, col. by J.S. Albert
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F97A64FCEFC6593B4" box="[960,1017,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F90604FCEFB7893B5" box="[1030,1252,932,957]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="2002-09-23">23 September 2002</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90894FCEFADC93B5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1263,1344,933,957]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
0 86834 (2), Yurimaguas, Rio Paranapura, col. by W.R. Allen,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F97624FACFC2393E8" box="[772,959,967,992]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1920-11">November 1920</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F97AA4FA3FB8193E8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[972,1053,968,992]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
123268 (1), Rio Morona, col. by W.R. Allen,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F954F4F80FE55940B" box="[297,457,1003,1028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1920-10">October 1920</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F95B14F80FDB4940B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[471,552,1003,1027]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
124911 (2), Shansho Cano, col. by W.G. Scherer,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F90114F80FAA0940C" box="[1143,1340,1003,1028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1935-10-18">18 October 1935</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F912D4F80FA00940B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1355,1436,1003,1027]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
167886 (1), Yurimaguas, Rio Huallaga, col. by W.R. Allen,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F97204865FB9C942F" box="[838,1024,1038,1063]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1920-11">November 1920</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F906B4864FBC2942F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1037,1118,1039,1063]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
167887 (2), Iquitos, Loreto Region, col. by W.R. Allen,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F95B54859FD119442" box="[467,653,1074,1099]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1920-09">September 1920</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F96F14859FD749442" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[663,744,1074,1098]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
167888 (1), Yurimaguas, Rio Paranapura, col. by W.R. Allen,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F94F1483EFECC9466" box="[151,336,1109,1134]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1920-11">November 1920</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F953D483DFE309466" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[347,428,1110,1134]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
263916 (3), Madre
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F96EA483DFD319465" box="[652,685,1110,1133]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">De</collectingCountry>
Dios; Rio Tambopata, Opposite Boat Landing For Explorer'S Inn., Madre de Dios Region, -
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F95D74812FD859499" box="[433,537,1145,1169]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="55" value="-12.833">12.833 S</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F96494812FD3E9499" box="[559,674,1145,1170]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="55" value="-69.3">69.300 W</geoCoordinate>
, col. by H. Ortega, R.P. Vari,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F979E4812FB2D9499" box="[1016,1201,1145,1170]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1983-08-21">21 August 1983</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90D84812FA939499" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1214,1295,1145,1169]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
263919 (1), Shore of
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F956548F7FEB094BD" box="[259,300,1180,1205]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Isla</collectingCountry>
About
<quantity id="4CC99B3FFFDEFF9F95E048F7FE4C94BD" box="[390,464,1180,1205]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
Downriver of Junction of Rio Tambopata and Rio Madre
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F901E48F6FB0594BC" box="[1144,1177,1181,1204]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">De</collectingCountry>
Dios., Madre de Dios Region, -
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F956748D4FEF794D0" box="[257,363,1215,1240]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="55" value="-12.5">12.500 S</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate id="EE05501DFFDEFF9F95E548D4FE6B94D0" box="[387,503,1215,1240]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" precision="55" value="-69.147">69.147 W</geoCoordinate>
, col. by R.P. Vari, H. Ortega, S.L. Jewett,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F978848D4FB3794D0" box="[1006,1195,1215,1240]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1983-08-25">25 August 1983</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F90DC48ABFA9794D0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1210,1291,1216,1240]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">USNM</collectionCode>
350530 (1), Department Madre
<collectingCountry id="F326764AFFDEFF9F951D488FFE0094F3" box="[379,412,1252,1275]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">De</collectingCountry>
Dios: Parque Nacional Manu, Pakitza and Vicinity, Madre de Dios Region, col. by H. Ortega,
<date id="FF8F101AFFDEFF9F9497496DFE119517" box="[241,397,1286,1311]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" value="1987-10">October 1987</date>
. Unknown:
<collectionCode id="ED20AE1FFFDEFF9F9670496CFDC19517" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[534,605,1287,1311]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">ANSP</collectionCode>
8279 (1), Amazon River, col. by R.C. Perkins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFDEFF9F94A14941FC04968A" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDEFF9F94A14941FC04968A" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F94A14941FEDD954B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1322,1347]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F952F4941FDC4954A" box="[329,600,1322,1346]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F952F4941FDC4954A" box="[329,600,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Aphanotorulus horridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F970B4940FB8B954A" box="[877,1047,1322,1346]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ammophilus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F970B4940FB8B954A" box="[877,1047,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. ammophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F90364940FB4C954A" box="[1104,1232,1322,1346]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F90364940FB4C954A" box="[1104,1232,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a single, large buccal papillae (vs. multiple buccal papillae); from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F96894925FC00956E" box="[751,924,1358,1382]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F96894925FC00956E" box="[751,924,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a smaller snout-nares distance to interorbital width ratio (70.5– 97.8% vs. 98.0– 175.4%), which separates 92% of individuals (
<figureCitation id="130A2A5FFFDEFF9F9087491AFAB59582" box="[1249,1321,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,981,1003]" captionTargetBox="[386,1206,226,946]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[385,1208,223,948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bivariate plot of Snout-nares Width by Interorbital Width. Red crosses - Aphanotorulus horridus, blue squares - A. emarginatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263022/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F91E24919FE8095A5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phrixosoma">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F91E24919FE8095A5" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. phrixosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer elongate hypertrophied covering the dorsal and ventral surfaces of body except the head (vs. many hypertrophied odontodes present—see
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F976949D3FC2A95D8" box="[783,950,1464,1488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phrixosoma">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F976949D3FC2A95D8" box="[783,950,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. phrixosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
description); and from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F90AF49D3FAA695D8" box="[1225,1338,1464,1488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F90AF49D3FAA695D8" box="[1225,1338,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">A. gomesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only by range.
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F948149B7FE6495FC" box="[231,504,1500,1524]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F948149B7FE6495FC" box="[231,504,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Aphanotorulus horridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further diagnosed from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F970849B7FB8595FB" box="[878,1049,1500,1523]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F970849B7FB8595FB" box="[878,1049,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. spinosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F903049B7FB7395FC" box="[1110,1263,1500,1524]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenuicauda">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F903049B7FB7395FC" box="[1110,1263,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. tenuicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having flat compound pterotics (vs. rounded ridges on the compound pterotics in
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F97D44A6BFBC5961F" box="[946,1113,1536,1559]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F97D44A6BFBC5961F" box="[946,1113,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. spinosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F90F44A6BFABB961F" box="[1170,1319,1535,1559]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenuicauda">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F90F44A6BFABB961F" box="[1170,1319,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. tenuicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and sharp ridge present in
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F953E4A48FE5F9633" box="[344,451,1571,1595]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Plecostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villarsi">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F953E4A48FE5F9633" box="[344,451,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. villarsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F96464A48FD579632" box="[544,715,1571,1594]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F96464A48FD579632" box="[544,715,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. spinosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a larger caudal fin depth to head length ratio (see diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F954E4A2CFE4C9656" box="[296,464,1607,1630]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F954E4A2CFE4C9656" box="[296,464,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. spinosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F96414A2CFD3E9656" box="[551,674,1607,1630]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuarius">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F96414A2CFD3E9656" box="[551,674,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. acuarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a supraoccipital crest with posterior edge gently sloping into nape (vs.
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDEFF9F95534A01FE339689" box="[309,431,1642,1665]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Isorineloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuarius">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F95534A01FE339689" box="[309,431,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">I. acuarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with posterior edge perpendicular to head).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFDEFF9D94A14AE6FE119180" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDEFF9F94A14AE6FB7996C1" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDEFF9F94A14AE6FEC596AE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1677,1702]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data given in
<tableCitation id="C6B30361FFDEFF9F96CC4AE6FC9D96AD" box="[682,769,1677,1702]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[158,1393,266,1859]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 3. Selected morphometrics of Aphanotorulus emarginatus and A. horridus.: Dorsal-fin spine lengths are not included for either species because too many specimens had broken spines, and it was too difficult to determine accurate lengths." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4E6652FFC4FF8594F14CF3FF7090E7" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" tableUuid="DF4E6652FFC4FF8594F14CF3FF7090E7">Table 3</tableCitation>
. Head moderately deep with elevated supraoccipital crest; supraoccipital crest taller than nape and posterior edge of crest gently sloping into nape. Nape flat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDEFF9F94A14ABFFB359718" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Pectoral-fin spine reaches posterior to insertion of pelvic fin. Pelvic-fin spine reaches insertion of anal-fin spine. Two plates separate adipose-fin membrane and first dorsal procurrent caudal fin spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDEFF9F94A14B70FEBF97ED" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Lateral line plates 27–30 (mode 28; n= 73); dorsal-fin base plates six to eight (mode seven; n= 73); folded dorsal plates 10–14 (mode 12; n= 72); plates between dorsal and adipose fin six to 11 (mode nine; n= 73); adipose fin plates one to four (mode three; n= 73); anal fin base plates one to three (mode two; n= 73); plates from anal fin insertion to last plate on caudal peduncle 13–19 (mode =17; n =73); plates in folded pectoral fin four to eight (mode six; n =72); number of teeth on dentary 10–42 (mode =27; n =73); number of teeth on premaxilla nine to 37 (mode =22; n =73).</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4E6652FFDFFF9E94F14B43FB319736" box="[151,1197,1832,1854]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263030/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522" targetBox="[151,1434,193,1809]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDFFF9E94F14B43FB319736" blockId="21.[151,1197,1832,1854]" box="[151,1197,1832,1854]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDFFF9E94F14B43FE829735" bold="true" box="[151,286,1832,1854]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDFFF9E96F24B43FC149736" box="[660,904,1832,1854]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDFFF9E96F24B43FC149736" box="[660,904,1832,1854]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Aphanotorulus horridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, AUM 42001. Scale = 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDFFF9E94A14B0EFDA797E2" blockId="21.[151,1437,1893,2026]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDFFF9E94A14B0EFE209776" bold="true" box="[199,444,1893,1918]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Sexual Dimorphism.</emphasis>
Breeding males with short hypertrophied odontodes on ventral surfaces of body except head. Odontodes on body short; only on posterior edges of plates. Odontodes present on pectoral- and caudal-fin spines; odontodes increase in density and length distally on each fin spine. Hypertrophied odontodes absent from pelvic, dorsal, and adipose fin spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDCFF9D94A14CFCFE119180" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDCFF9D94A14CFCFE1390B8" bold="true" box="[199,399,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Light tan background color with brown spots. Small spots covering head, increasing in size and becoming more elongate posteriorly along the body. In adults, spots begin to fuse together on head to create lines with reticulated patterns; largest specimens with mostly reticulated lines present, few spots remaining. Some specimens with small spots on ventral side of body along pectoral girdle. Paired fins with elongate spots, usually forming bands on fins. Dorsal fins in adults with elongate spots forming bands. Small, random spotting pattern apparent on adipose fin. Lower half of caudal fin rays darker in color than base color, dark coloration not extending to lower caudal spine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B6551FFDCFF9D94A14DFFFC6D91D8" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8E36DAFFDCFF9D94A14DFFFC6D91D8" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDCFF9D94A14DFFFEFC91A5" bold="true" box="[199,352,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C314D59FFDCFF9D95004DFFFDE891A4" box="[358,628,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aphanotorulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B945EAC8FFDCFF9D95004DFFFDE891A4" box="[358,628,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Aphanotorulus horridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in the upper Amazon River, including the mainstem, Rio Napo, Rio Marañon, Rio Ucayali, Rio Juruá, Rio Purus, and Rio Madiera (
<figureCitation id="130A2A5FFFDCFF9D97F74DDCFC7891D8" box="[913,996,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1549,1571]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,525,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[150,1436,517,1528]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Range map of Aphanotorulus horridus. Type locality indicated by open square." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263031/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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