260 lines
32 KiB
XML
260 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813" ID-PMC="PMC4233396" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-449-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6920FF8C5744C128FF87527A336C6949" ID-PubMed="25408612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578570" ID-ZooBank="75DDC58463EB4BF1BBF908C1D2954CAC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-449-1" checkinTime="1451245204622" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gondim, Anne Isabelley, Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey & Pereira Dias, Thelma Lucia" docDate="2014" docId="F23DA8F64A9854F681E0D2D268753ED0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 449: 1-56" docOrigin="ZooKeys 449" docPubDate="2014-10-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813" docTitle="Asterinides folium" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="6920FF8C5744C128FF87527A336C6949" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="6920FF8C5744C128FF87527A336C6949" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1668159529239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gondim, Anne Isabelley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Laboratorio de Invertebrados Marinhos Paulo Young, Bairro Cidade Universitaria s / n, CEP. 58059 - 900, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">anneisabelley@yahoo.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Laboratorio de Invertebrados Marinhos Paulo Young, Bairro Cidade Universitaria s / n, CEP. 58059 - 900, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pereira Dias, Thelma Lucia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, CCBS, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratorio de Biologia Marinha, Campus I, Rua Baraunas, 351, Bairro Universitario, CEP 58429 - 500, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-10-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>449</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>56</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-449-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">75DDC58463EB4BF1BBF908C1D2954CAC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6920FF8C5744C128FF87527A336C6949</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578570</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182234938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F23DA8F64A9854F681E0D2D268753ED0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F23DA8F64A9854F681E0D2D268753ED0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName LSID="F23DA8F6-4A98-54F6-81E0-D2D268753ED0" authority="(Luetken, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Luetken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">
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Asterinides folium (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
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, 1860)
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figure 7a-e</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterina minuta" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="minuta">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Asterina</pageBreakToken>
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minuta
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</taxonomicName>
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Gray, 1840: 289.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asteriscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteriscus folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">Asteriscus folium</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
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, 1860: 60-61.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterina folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">Asterina folium</taxonomicName>
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A. Agassiz, 1877: 106, pl. 14, figs 7-9.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Luetken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">Asterinides folium</taxonomicName>
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Verrill, 1913: 479;
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<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B21" refString="Brito, IM, 1962. Ensaio de catalogo dos equinodermas do Brasil. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos: 1 - 10" title="Ensaio de catalogo dos equinodermas do Brasil" year="1962">Brito 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 3;
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<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 51" refId="B22" refString="Brito, IM, 1968. Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias. In: Boletim do Museu Nacional.: 1 - 51" title="Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias." volumeTitle="Boletim do Museu Nacional." year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 17, pl. 7, figs 2-3;
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<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="261 - 265" refId="B23" refString="Brito, IM, 1971. Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade. Arquivos do Museu Nacional 54: 261 - 265" title="Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade." volume="54" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 262.
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<bibRefCitation author="Tommasi, LR" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Instituto de Biologia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 61" refId="B134" refString="Tommasi, LR, 1970. Lista de asteroides recentes do Brasil. In: Contribuicoes do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo.: 1 - 61" title="Lista de asteroides recentes do Brasil." volumeTitle="Contribuicoes do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo." year="1970">Tommasi 1970</bibRefCitation>
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: 15, fig. 38.
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<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira, JP" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Plena" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B109" refString="Oliveira, JP, Oliveira, J, Manso, CLC, 2010. Inventario da colecao de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Prof°. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Scientia Plena 6: 1 - 14" title="Inventario da colecao de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Prof °. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe." volume="6" year="2010">Oliveira et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 3, fig. 2a.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
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:
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<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.9833336">06°59'S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-34.783333">34°47'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1spec., UFPB/ECH.572, 07.III.2006, 10m. Bahia:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Camaçari">Camacari</normalizedToken>
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, Guarajuba, Busca Vida Beach, 1spec., UFBA00685, 01.II.2006; 2spec., UFBA00983, I.2010, 23m; 1spec., UFBA01163, VII.2010, 25m; 2spec., UFBA01107, I.2010, 23m; Salvador, Todos os Santos Bay, 1spec., UFBA01107, 05.IV. 1997, 12m; Salvador:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itapuã">Itapua</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-12.957778">12°57'28"S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-38.35611">38°21'22"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1spec., UFBA00528, 19.XI.2007, 1m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Saint Thomas, Virgin Islands (
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<bibRefCitation author="O'Loughlin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of Museum Victoria" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="277 - 296" refId="B110" refString="O'Loughlin, PM, 2002. New genus and species of southern Australian and Pacific Asterinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 59: 277 - 296" title="New genus and species of southern Australian and Pacific Asterinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea)." volume="59" year="2002">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Loughlin">O'Loughlin</normalizedToken>
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2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Body inflated, pentagonal (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7a, b</figureCitation>
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). Five short arms (some specimens may have 4-6 arms). Abactinal figs imbricated, decreasing in size towards the margin of the body, with 2-4 short, hyaline, divergent spines, which have the extremity trifurcate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7c</figureCitation>
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). Between each of these figs there is a papula (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7c</figureCitation>
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). Anus located in the center of the abactinal surface. Superomarginal figs similar to the remaining abactinal figs, but with more numerous and slightly longer spines, forming a dense bundle (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7a</figureCitation>
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). Papulae restricted to the abactinal surface. Actinal figs similar to the abactinal figs, but a little bigger and longer, having 1-3 divergent spines, also similar to the dorsal ones, but slightly longer (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7b</figureCitation>
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). Inferomarginal figs similar to the remaining actinal figs. Adambulacral figs with three thin, vitreous, elongate spines (~0.035 mm), having the tips trifurcate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7d</figureCitation>
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). Six thin, vitreous, elongate oral spines (~0.43 mm) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Some species of the order Valvatida recorded in northeastern Brazil. Asterinides folium (A-E) A Abactinal view, in detail the superomarginal figs B Actinal view, in detail actinal internidate area C Detail the abactinal intermediate are D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth; Mithrodia clavigera (F-I) F Abactinal view G Actinal view, in detail the mouth H Abactinal view of the arm, in detail a spine, and I Actinal view of the arm." pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7e</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colour.</emphasis>
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Juvenile specimens vary from white to cream-coloured, larger juveniles are yellow to reddish, while adults are blue or greenish-blue (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 51" refId="B22" refString="Brito, IM, 1968. Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias. In: Boletim do Museu Nacional.: 1 - 51" title="Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias." volumeTitle="Boletim do Museu Nacional." year="1968">Brito (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded a dark grayish-blue for 25 specimens from Trindade Island (ES).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
Bermudas, Florida, Bahamas, Belize, Panama, and Brazil (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 232" refId="B151" refString="Verrill, AE, 1915. Report on the starfishes of the West Indies, Florida, and Brazil, including those obtained by Bahamas Expedition from the University of Iowa in 1893. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa 7: 1 - 232" title="Report on the starfishes of the West Indies, Florida, and Brazil, including those obtained by Bahamas Expedition from the University of Iowa in 1893." volume="7" year="1915">Verrill 1915</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, AM" journalOrPublisher="Chapman & Hall, London, UK" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="B33" refString="Clark, AM, Downey, ME, 1992. Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3. Chapman & Hall, London, UK" title="Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3." year="1992">Clark and Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Alvarado, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="37 - 55" refId="B4" refString="Alvarado, JJ, Solis-Marin, FA, Ahearn, C, 2008. Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Caribe Centroamericano. Revista de Biologia Tropical 56: 37 - 55" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Caribe Centroamericano." volume="56" year="2008">Alvarado et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Benavides-Serrato, M" journalOrPublisher="Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, 22. Santa Marta" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="B12" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M, Borrero-Perez, GH, Dias Sanchez, CM, 2011. Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, 22. Santa Marta" title="Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea." year="2011">Benavides-Serrato et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Brazil: BA, RJ, and Trindade Island (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B21" refString="Brito, IM, 1962. Ensaio de catalogo dos equinodermas do Brasil. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos: 1 - 10" title="Ensaio de catalogo dos equinodermas do Brasil" year="1962">Brito 1962</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 51" refId="B22" refString="Brito, IM, 1968. Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias. In: Boletim do Museu Nacional.: 1 - 51" title="Asteroides e equinoides do Estado da Guanabara e adjacencias." volumeTitle="Boletim do Museu Nacional." year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="261 - 265" refId="B23" refString="Brito, IM, 1971. Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade. Arquivos do Museu Nacional 54: 261 - 265" title="Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade." volume="54" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira, JP" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Plena" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B109" refString="Oliveira, JP, Oliveira, J, Manso, CLC, 2010. Inventario da colecao de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Prof°. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Scientia Plena 6: 1 - 14" title="Inventario da colecao de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Prof °. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe." volume="6" year="2010">Oliveira et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the presente study we record for the first time its presence in the State of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Intertidal to 15 m in depth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Only two species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1913" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from the Atlantic Ocean,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Luetken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides folium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Döderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides hartmeyeri" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hartmeyeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides hartmeyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1910). The first is recorded for Bermudas and southern Brazil and the second only for the Caribbean region. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, AM" journalOrPublisher="Chapman & Hall, London, UK" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="B33" refString="Clark, AM, Downey, ME, 1992. Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3. Chapman & Hall, London, UK" title="Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3." year="1992">Clark and Downey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
these species are partially sympatric, and for this reason have previously easily been confused with each other. In a revision of family
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Spinulosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Asterinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on molecular and morphological data,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="O'Loughlin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of Museum Victoria" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 40" refId="B111" refString="O'Loughlin, PM, Waters, JM, 2004. A molecular and morphological revision of genera of Asterinidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61: 1 - 40" title="A molecular and morphological revision of genera of Asterinidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)." volume="61" year="2004">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Loughlin">O'Loughlin</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Waters (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Luetken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides folium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Döderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides hartmeyeri" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hartmeyeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides hartmeyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterina" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1913" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, remarking on the morphological similarities between these two species.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Luetken" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides folium" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="folium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides folium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Döderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asterinides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asterinides hartmeyeri" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hartmeyeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asterinides hartmeyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for having bigger papular pores, 6 to 7 series of actinal figs and abactinal figs arranged into two rows. A broad discussion of the main differences between these two species is given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, AM" journalOrPublisher="Chapman & Hall, London, UK" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="B33" refString="Clark, AM, Downey, ME, 1992. Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3. Chapman & Hall, London, UK" title="Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall Identification Guides, 3." year="1992">Clark and Downey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species rarely reaches 2.5 cm in diameter. Specimens examined in this study had a larger ray (R, maximum of 7.76 mm) and differed from those described by Hendler (op cit.) for not having narrow radial areas inflated, having instead the abactinal surface completely inflated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="ecological notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecological notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
This species lives in association with coral reefs, being found particularly under rocks or corals of the reef flat (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimen from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
recorded in this study was found associated with rhodolite beds at 10 m depth. Although the species is reported from several localities, is has never been found in large numbers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hendler, G" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B55" refString="Hendler, G, Miller, JE, Pawson, DL, Kier, PM, 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" title="Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean." year="1995">Hendler et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Benavides-Serrato, M" journalOrPublisher="Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, 22. Santa Marta" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="B12" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M, Borrero-Perez, GH, Dias Sanchez, CM, 2011. Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, 22. Santa Marta" title="Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea." year="2011">Benavides-Serrato et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Only
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brito, IM" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="261 - 265" refId="B23" refString="Brito, IM, 1971. Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade. Arquivos do Museu Nacional 54: 261 - 265" title="Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos equinodermas da Ilha da Trindade." volume="54" year="1971">Brito (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed this species to be relatively abundant mainly under rocks at Trindade Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |