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<mods:title id="ECAB63A3B1E9AEEA1379817572F1A451">An annotated catalogue of bird lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from Chile</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF48566DFD038D20" ID-CoL="5KTHP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[151,659,1806,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF48566DFD038D20" bold="true" box="[151,659,1806,1833]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF48566DFE478D21" bold="true" box="[151,471,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Quadraceps normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFE39566DFD1B8D20" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[486,651,1806,1832]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF0F5650FD818D44" ID-CoL="47HXK" authority="Nitzsch" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1866" box="[208,529,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatus">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF0F5650FE228D44" box="[208,434,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nirmus triangulatus</emphasis>
Nitzsch
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,
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB0847CFDC25650FCF28D44" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[541,866,1842,1869]" page="84" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1914">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFDC25650FCF28D44" ID-CoL="5KTHP" authority="Kellogg, 1914: 84" authorityName="Kellogg" authorityPageNumber="84" authorityYear="1914" box="[541,866,1842,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="normifer" variety="alpha">
var.
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFD925651FD1D8D44" box="[589,653,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">alpha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFD4B5651FCF28D44" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[660,866,1842,1868]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914: 84</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="792E3681FFB0847CFF0F5635FCFB8D78" blockId="100.[151,1064,1806,2012]" box="[208,875,1878,1905]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF0F5635FDD28D78" authority="Kellogg, 1914" authorityName="Kellogg" authorityYear="1914" box="[208,578,1878,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Degeeriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF0F5635FE0B8D78" box="[208,411,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Degeeriella alpha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFE7D5635FDD28D78" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[418,578,1878,1904]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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[sic];
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB0847CFD555635FCF68D78" author="Harrison, L." box="[650,870,1878,1904]" page="107" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFD555635FCF68D78" author="Harrison, L." box="[650,870,1878,1904]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref100965" refString="Harrison, L. (1916) The genera and species of Mallophaga. Parasitology, 9 (1), 1 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 102856" type="journal article" year="1916">Harrison 1916: 107</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB0847CFF0F5618FC758D9C" blockId="100.[151,1064,1806,2012]" box="[208,997,1914,1941]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB0847CFF0F5618FC758D9C" box="[208,997,1914,1941]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF0F5618FD5D8D9C" authority="Kellogg, 1914" authorityName="Kellogg" authorityYear="1914" box="[208,717,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Koeniginirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF0F5618FDB68D9C" box="[208,550,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Koeniginirmus normifer alpha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFDF25619FD5D8D9C" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[557,717,1914,1940]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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[sic];
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB0847CFCCA5619FC718D9C" author="Eichler, W." box="[789,993,1914,1941]" page="127" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1951">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFCCA5619FC718D9C" author="Eichler, W." box="[789,993,1914,1941]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="125 - 134" refId="ref95263" refString="Eichler, W. (1951) Mallophagen-Synopsis XVII. Genus Koeniginirmus. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 2 (1 - 2), 125 - 134." type="journal article" year="1951">Eichler 1951: 127</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="792E3681FFB0847CFF0F56FDFC0F8DB0" blockId="100.[151,1064,1806,2012]" box="[208,927,1950,1977]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF0F56FDFDCC8DB0" ID-CoL="47HMP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,604,1950,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF0F56FDFE308DB0" box="[208,416,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Quadraceps alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFE7056FDFDC48DB0" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[431,596,1950,1976]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
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;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB0847CFDB756FDFC0B8DB0" author="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T." box="[616,923,1950,1977]" page="308" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFDB756FDFC0B8DB0" author="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T." box="[616,923,1950,1977]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refId="ref101461" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. &amp; Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera &amp; species of Mallophaga. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 362 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118844" type="book" year="1952">Hopkins &amp; Clay 1952: 308</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB0847CFF0F56A1FBB88DD4" blockId="100.[151,1064,1806,2012]" box="[208,1064,1986,2012]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB0847CFF0F56A1FDCC8DD4" ID-CoL="47HMP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,604,1986,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB0847CFF0F56A1FE308DD4" box="[208,416,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Quadraceps alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFE7056A1FDC48DD4" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[431,596,1986,2012]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
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;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB0847CFDB756A1FC038DD4" author="Clay, T. &amp; Moreby, C." box="[616,915,1986,2012]" page="164" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB0847CFDB756A1FC038DD4" author="Clay, T. &amp; Moreby, C." box="[616,915,1986,2012]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="177 - 196" refId="ref93342" refString="Clay, T. &amp; Moreby, C. (1967) Mallophaga (biting lice) and Anoplura (sucking lice). Part II: Keys and locality lists of Mallophaga and Anoplura. In: Gressitt, J. L. (Ed.), Antarctic Research Series. Vol. 10. Entomology of Antarctica. American Geophysical Union, Washington D. C., pp. 157 - 169 + 177 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 010 p 0157" type="book chapter" year="1967">Clay &amp; Moreby 1967: 164</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 169, fig. 93.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F51F4FB228AB9" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,1202,150,177]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
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<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFF0F51F4FC308AB9" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,928,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Koeniginirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subGenus="Laminonirmus" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F51F4FEE68AB8" box="[208,374,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Koeniginirmus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFE5851F4FDBA8AB8" box="[391,554,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Laminonirmus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFDE551F4FD738AB9" box="[570,739,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD2D51F4FC088AB9" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[754,920,151,177]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
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;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFC7351F4FB3E8AB9" author="Zlotorzycka, J." box="[940,1198,150,177]" page="759" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFC7351F4FB3E8AB9" author="Zlotorzycka, J." box="[940,1198,150,177]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="705 - 785" refId="ref113642" refString="Zlotorzycka, J. (1967) Studien uber Quadraceps s. l. (Mallophaga, Quadraceptinae). Ubersicht der Arten und systematische Revision mit bisonderer Berucksichtigung der synhospitalen und allohospitalen Arten. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 37 (4), 705 - 785, 17 pls." type="journal article" year="1967">Złotorzycka 1967: 759</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F51D8FC248ADD" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,948,187,213]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB1847DFF0F51D8FC248ADD" box="[208,948,187,213]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
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<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F51D8FD998ADD" box="[208,521,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDC751D8FD2D8ADD" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[536,701,187,213]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
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;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFD0E51D8FC208ADD" author="Emerson, K. C." box="[721,944,187,213]" page="141" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD0E51D8FC208ADD" author="Emerson, K. C." box="[721,944,187,213]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref96178" refString="Emerson, K. C. (1972) Checklist of the Mallophaga of North America (North of Mexico) Part I. Suborder Ischnocera. Dugway (Utah): Deseret Test Center. 200 pp." type="book" year="1972">Emerson 1972: 141</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F51BCFC488AF1" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,984,223,249]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB1847DFF0F51BCFC488AF1" box="[208,984,223,249]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFF0F51BCFD558AF1" ID-CoL="5KTHP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,709,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F51BCFD998AF1" box="[208,521,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDC751BCFD2D8AF1" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[536,701,223,249]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFD0E51BCFC448AF1" author="Cohen, B. L. &amp; Baker, A. J. &amp; Blechschmidt, K. &amp; Dittmann, D. L. &amp; Furness, R. W. &amp; Gerwin, J. A. &amp; Helbig, A. J. &amp; De Korte, J. &amp; Marshall, H. D. &amp; Palma, R. L. &amp; Peter, H. - U. &amp; Ramli, R. &amp; Siebold, I. &amp; Willcox, M. S. &amp; Wilson, R. H. &amp; Zink, R. M." box="[721,980,223,249]" page="186" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD0E51BCFC448AF1" author="Cohen, B. L. &amp; Baker, A. J. &amp; Blechschmidt, K. &amp; Dittmann, D. L. &amp; Furness, R. W. &amp; Gerwin, J. A. &amp; Helbig, A. J. &amp; De Korte, J. &amp; Marshall, H. D. &amp; Palma, R. L. &amp; Peter, H. - U. &amp; Ramli, R. &amp; Siebold, I. &amp; Willcox, M. S. &amp; Wilson, R. H. &amp; Zink, R. M." box="[721,980,223,249]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="181 - 190" refId="ref93715" refString="Cohen, B. L., Baker, A. J., Blechschmidt, K., Dittmann, D. L., Furness, R. W., Gerwin, J. A., Helbig, A. J., De Korte, J., Marshall, H. D., Palma, R. L., Peter, H. - U., Ramli, R., Siebold, I., Willcox, M. S., Wilson, R. H. &amp; Zink, R. M. (1997) Enigmatic phy- logeny of skuas (Aves: Stercorariidae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B), 264, 181 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 1997.0026" type="journal article" year="1997">
Cohen
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFCFE51BCFCC38AF1" box="[801,851,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. 1997: 186
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F5060FCF08B15" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,864,259,285]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB1847DFF0F5060FCF08B15" box="[208,864,259,285]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFF0F5060FDCC8B15" ID-CoL="47HMP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,604,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F5060FE308B15" box="[208,416,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFE705060FDC48B15" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[431,596,259,285]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFDB75060FCCC8B15" author="Price, R. D. &amp; Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L." box="[616,860,259,285]" page="223" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDB75060FCCC8B15" author="Price, R. D. &amp; Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L." box="[616,860,259,285]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref108535" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. (Eds.), The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, pp. 1 - 448." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFD765060FD4A8B15" box="[681,730,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. 2003: 223
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F5044FB9D8B49" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,1037,294,321]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB1847DFF0F5044FB9D8B49" box="[208,1037,294,321]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFF0F5044FD558B49" ID-CoL="5KTHP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,709,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F5044FD998B49" box="[208,521,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDC75044FD2D8B49" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[536,701,295,321]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFD0E5044FC0F8B49" author="Palma, R. L." box="[721,927,294,321]" page="153" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD0E5044FC0F8B49" author="Palma, R. L." box="[721,927,294,321]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="149 - 155" refId="ref106369" refString="Palma, R. L. (2015 b) The correct type hosts and designation of a lectotype for the louse Nirmus triangulatus alpha (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). The New Zealand Entomologist, 38 (2), 149 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1043068" type="journal article" year="2015">Palma 2015b: 153</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 13.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF0F5028FC068B6D" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[208,918,331,357]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="598111AFFFB1847DFF0F5028FC068B6D" box="[208,918,331,357]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFF0F5028FD558B6D" ID-CoL="5KTHP" authority="(Kellogg, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[208,709,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="normifer" subSpecies="alpha">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFF0F5028FD998B6D" box="[208,521,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps normifer alpha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDC75028FD2D8B6D" author="Kellogg, V. L." box="[536,701,331,357]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="80 - 89" refId="ref102761" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1914) Mallophaga from birds of the South Atlantic. Science Bulletin, Brooklyn Institute Museum, 2 (4), 80 - 89, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Kellogg, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F8301090FFB1847DFD0E5028FC028B6D" author="Palma, R. L." box="[721,914,331,357]" page="178" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD0E5028FC028B6D" author="Palma, R. L." box="[721,914,331,357]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 400" refId="ref106426" refString="Palma, R. L. (2017) Phthiraptera (Insecta). A catalogue of parasitic lice from New Zealand. Fauna of New Zealand, 76, 1 - 400." type="journal article" year="2017">Palma 2017: 178</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF48500CFC848B81" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[151,788,366,393]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<materialsCitation id="C9F93CDCFFB1847DFF48500CFC848B81" box="[151,788,366,393]" collectionCode="EMEC" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="A62A8823FFB1847DFF48500CFE978B81" box="[151,263,367,393]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="6F97FD08FFB1847DFED1500CFEB38B81" box="[270,291,367,393]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="male"></specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="1F80AE44FFB1847DFE98500CFE058B81" box="[327,405,367,393]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" name="Essig Museum of Entomology" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="University or college">EMEC</collectionCode>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFE0F500CFD0E8B81" author="Palma, R. L." box="[464,670,366,393]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="149 - 155" refId="ref106369" refString="Palma, R. L. (2015 b) The correct type hosts and designation of a lectotype for the louse Nirmus triangulatus alpha (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). The New Zealand Entomologist, 38 (2), 149 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1043068" type="journal article" year="2015">Palma 2015b: 151</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1, 3).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="318B650AFFB1847DFF4850F0FCAE8931" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF4850F0FC618BA5" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[151,1009,402,429]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Type host:
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFECC50F0FD4A8BA5" authority="(Bonaparte, 1857)" authorityName="Chilean" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[275,730,402,429]" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Stercorarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFECC50F0FD978BA5" box="[275,519,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Stercorarius chilensis</emphasis>
(Bonaparte, 1857)
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFCCA50F0FC748BA5" author="Palma, R. L." box="[789,996,402,429]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="149 - 155" refId="ref106369" refString="Palma, R. L. (2015 b) The correct type hosts and designation of a lectotype for the louse Nirmus triangulatus alpha (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). The New Zealand Entomologist, 38 (2), 149 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1043068" type="journal article" year="2015">Palma 2015b: 151</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF4850D4FC918BD9" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[151,769,438,465]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Chilean host:
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFEEC50D4FD6C8BD9" authority="(Bonaparte, 1857)" authorityName="Chilean" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[307,764,438,465]" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Stercorarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFEEC50D4FDB78BD9" box="[307,551,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Stercorarius chilensis</emphasis>
(Bonaparte, 1857)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF4850B8FDBE8811" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Other hosts:
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFEFE50B8FCC88BFD" authority="antarcticus (Lesson, 1831)" authorityName="antarcticus (Lesson" authorityYear="1831" baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[289,856,475,501]" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Stercorarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="antarcticus" subSpecies="antarcticus">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFEFE50B8FD3F8BFC" box="[289,687,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Stercorarius antarcticus antarcticus</emphasis>
(Lesson, 1831)
</taxonomicName>
(not confirmed; see
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFBEA50B8FA908BFD" author="Palma, R. L." box="[1077,1280,474,501]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="149 - 155" refId="ref106369" refString="Palma, R. L. (2015 b) The correct type hosts and designation of a lectotype for the louse Nirmus triangulatus alpha (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). The New Zealand Entomologist, 38 (2), 149 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1043068" type="journal article" year="2015">Palma 2015b: 154</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFACE50B8FDBA8811" authority="(Saunders, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Saunders" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Stercorarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maccormicki">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFACE50B8FEF18811" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Stercorarius maccormicki</emphasis>
(Saunders, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF485340FDEF8835" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[151,639,547,573]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Chilean locality: Canal Smyth: Region XII.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF485324FEBA888D" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Geographic distribution: South America; Subantarctic Islands;
<collectingCountry id="01867611FFB1847DFCB35324FC748869" box="[876,996,583,609]" name="Antarctica" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
; southern Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF4853ECFC9D88A1" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" box="[151,781,654,681]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Chilean references:
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFEA853ECFDC388A1" author="Cohen, B. L. &amp; Baker, A. J. &amp; Blechschmidt, K. &amp; Dittmann, D. L. &amp; Furness, R. W. &amp; Gerwin, J. A. &amp; Helbig, A. J. &amp; De Korte, J. &amp; Marshall, H. D. &amp; Palma, R. L. &amp; Peter, H. - U. &amp; Ramli, R. &amp; Siebold, I. &amp; Willcox, M. S. &amp; Wilson, R. H. &amp; Zink, R. M." box="[375,595,655,681]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="181 - 190" refId="ref93715" refString="Cohen, B. L., Baker, A. J., Blechschmidt, K., Dittmann, D. L., Furness, R. W., Gerwin, J. A., Helbig, A. J., De Korte, J., Marshall, H. D., Palma, R. L., Peter, H. - U., Ramli, R., Siebold, I., Willcox, M. S., Wilson, R. H. &amp; Zink, R. M. (1997) Enigmatic phy- logeny of skuas (Aves: Stercorariidae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B), 264, 181 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 1997.0026" type="journal article" year="1997">
Cohen
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFE1853ECFE6888A1" box="[455,504,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. (1997)
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDBF53ECFC9988A1" author="Palma, R. L." box="[608,777,654,681]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="149 - 155" refId="ref106369" refString="Palma, R. L. (2015 b) The correct type hosts and designation of a lectotype for the louse Nirmus triangulatus alpha (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). The New Zealand Entomologist, 38 (2), 149 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1043068" type="journal article" year="2015">Palma (2015b)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF4853D0FD5B88F9" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Other significant references:
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFE0353D0FD1288C5" author="Eichler, W." box="[476,642,690,717]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="125 - 134" refId="ref95263" refString="Eichler, W. (1951) Mallophagen-Synopsis XVII. Genus Koeniginirmus. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 2 (1 - 2), 125 - 134." type="journal article" year="1951">Eichler (1951)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD5253D0FC0188C6" author="Clay, T. &amp; Moreby, C." box="[653,913,691,718]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="177 - 196" refId="ref93342" refString="Clay, T. &amp; Moreby, C. (1967) Mallophaga (biting lice) and Anoplura (sucking lice). Part II: Keys and locality lists of Mallophaga and Anoplura. In: Gressitt, J. L. (Ed.), Antarctic Research Series. Vol. 10. Entomology of Antarctica. American Geophysical Union, Washington D. C., pp. 157 - 169 + 177 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 010 p 0157" type="book chapter" year="1967">Clay &amp; Moreby (1967)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFC4253D0FBE988C6" author="Zlotorzycka, J." box="[925,1145,691,718]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="705 - 785" refId="ref113642" refString="Zlotorzycka, J. (1967) Studien uber Quadraceps s. l. (Mallophaga, Quadraceptinae). Ubersicht der Arten und systematische Revision mit bisonderer Berucksichtigung der synhospitalen und allohospitalen Arten. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 37 (4), 705 - 785, 17 pls." type="journal article" year="1967">Złotorzycka (1967)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFB5B53D0FAAC88C5" author="Emerson, K. C." box="[1156,1340,691,717]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref96178" refString="Emerson, K. C. (1972) Checklist of the Mallophaga of North America (North of Mexico) Part I. Suborder Ischnocera. Dugway (Utah): Deseret Test Center. 200 pp." type="book" year="1972">Emerson (1972)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFA9753D0FED188F9" author="Price, R. D. &amp; Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L." pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref108535" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. (Eds.), The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, pp. 1 - 448." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFA5753D0FF7688F9" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. (2003)
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFE9253B4FDB188F9" author="Palma, R. L." box="[333,545,727,753]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="407 - 409" refId="ref106143" refString="Palma, R. L. (2010) Order Phthiraptera: Lice. In: Gordon, D. P. (Ed.), New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Kingdom Animalia - Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Vol. 2. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp. 294 - 296 + 407 - 409." type="book chapter" year="2010">Palma (2010: 408)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFDF353B4FD5788F9" author="Palma, R. L." box="[556,711,727,753]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 400" refId="ref106426" refString="Palma, R. L. (2017) Phthiraptera (Insecta). A catalogue of parasitic lice from New Zealand. Fauna of New Zealand, 76, 1 - 400." type="journal article" year="2017">Palma (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="792E3681FFB1847DFF485398FCAE8931" blockId="101.[151,1436,150,825]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
Remarks: In agreement with
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFE035398FD3D891D" author="Palma, R. L." box="[476,685,763,789]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 400" refId="ref106426" refString="Palma, R. L. (2017) Phthiraptera (Insecta). A catalogue of parasitic lice from New Zealand. Fauna of New Zealand, 76, 1 - 400." type="journal article" year="2017">Palma (2017: 178)</bibRefCitation>
and contrary to
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFCBA5398FBFA891D" author="Price, R. D. &amp; Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L." box="[869,1130,763,789]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref108535" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. (Eds.), The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, pp. 1 - 448." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFC7A5398FC47891D" box="[933,983,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. (2003: 223)
</bibRefCitation>
, we regard this louse taxon as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="BE914D02FFB1847DFE40527CFCAA8931" authority="(Grube, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Grube" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[415,826,798,825]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Quadraceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normifer">
<emphasis id="4BE5EA93FFB1847DFE40527CFD018931" box="[415,657,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quadraceps normifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1D004B70FFB1847DFD40527CFCA18931" author="Grube, A. W." box="[671,817,798,825]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="467 - 497" refId="ref100339" refString="Grube, A. W. (1851) Klasse Insecta - Parasitae. Fam. Mallophaga. In: Middendorff, A. T. von (Ed.), Reise in den aussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens wahrend der Jahre 1843 - 1844. St Petersburg. Zoologie, 2 (1), pp. 467 - 497 + 516, pls. 31 - 32." type="journal article" year="1851">Grube, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>